重修学生资料-4

大学英语第四学期练习资料

I 阅读理解

Passage 1

How can English teachers accelerate the language learning of their students? One way is to teach students how to learn more effectively and efficiently. Learning strategies are “procedures or techniques that learners can use to facilitate a learning ta sk.” Instructing students of English in learning strategies can help them become better learners. In addition, skill in using learning strategies assists students in becoming independent, confident learners. Finally, students become more motivated as they begin to understand the relationship between their use of strategies and success in learning English.

Students need to develop an awareness of the learning process and strategies that lead to success. Students who reflect on their own thinking are more likely to engage in planning how to proceed with a learning task, monitoring their own performance on an ongoing basis, finding solutions to problems encountered, and evaluating themselves upon task completion. These activities may be difficult for students accustomed to having a teacher who solves all their learning problems and is the sole judge of their progress.

Teachers need to encourage students to rely more on themselves. Because learning strategies are mental processes with few observable manifestations, teachers need to find ways to make the strategies as concrete as possible. When students are able to use the strategies their teachers have taught them, and to do so without prompting, then they need to explore new strategies, new applications, and new opportunities for self-regulated learning.

1.Better learning strategies can make language learning more

__________________.

A. fun

B. interesting

C. efficient

D.

exciting

2.Students who reflect on their own ________________ will be more successful in

learning.

A. thinking

B. evaluation

C. performance

D.

activities

3.Teachers should encourage students to rely more on _______________.

A. books

B. notes

C. tutors

D.

themselves

4.Learning strategies are unobservable mental processes, so teachers should make

them ___________.

A. simpler

B. more familiar

C. more concrete

D. more

applicable

5.Which of the following statements is true?

A.Students learn learning strategies from the teachers only.

B.Learning strategies are completely unobservable.

C.Students need to explore new learning strategies for themselves.

D.Teachers are the sole judges of students’ progress.

Passage 2

A normal conversation between strangers involves more than talk. It also involves the dynamics of space interaction. If one person gets too close, the other person will back up. If the first person invades the other’s space again, the other will back up again. The person who finds himself or herself backing up is trying to increase the distance of the comfort zone. The person closing in is trying to decrease that distance. Most likely neither person is fully aware of what is going on.

In the 1960s American anthropologist Edward T. Hall was a pioneer in the study of human behavioral use of space. His field of study became known as proxemics. Hall said that personal space for Americans can be defined as having four distinct zones: the intimate zone within 18 inches of your body for whispering and embracing; personal zone of 18 inches to four feet, for talking with close friends; social zone of four to 10 feet, for talking with acquaintances; and the social zone of 10 to 25 feet, for talking to strangers or to a group.

Historians say that our standards of personal space began with the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century. In cities such as London and New York, people of different social and economic classes were suddenly crammed together, so they unconsciously developed a commonly understood rule of polite behavior and space to restrict the area around them.

People exhibit nonverbal messages of discomfort when their zones are violated. Invaded people might pull at their hair, become rigid, or even become angry. As Hall noted in his work, a comfortable conversation needs to include the range of human personal space.

1. This passage is mostly about __________________.

A. what nonverbal communication is

B. human conversation

C. the life of Edward T. Hall

D. human behavioral use of space

2. Edward T. Hall identified _____________________.

A. talks between strangers

B. angry people

C. four zones of personal space

D. the Industrial Revolution

3.If you and a close friend began talking when you were eight feet apart, you will probably soon __________________.

A. move closer together

B. move farther apart from each other

C. begin talking more softly

D. ask another friend to join the conversation

4.The third paragraph provides _____________________.

A. historical view on personal space

B. an economic reason for personal space

C. an overview of Edward T. Hall’s field of study

D. a definition of personal space

5.The word “dynamics” means ____________________.

A. difficulties

B. forces or influence that cause change

C. largeness

D. explosions so large that they are beyond belief

Passage 3

At dawn on January 17, 1995, the city of Kobe (KOH bee) was rocked by earthquake tremors. The worst tremors reached 7.2 on the Richter scale. Kobe is Japan’s sixth largest city. It is also one of the world’s largest ports. Within minutes, Kobe was a disaster area.

How bad was the damage? The earthquake was the worst to hit Japan in 72 years. There were more than 6000 people dead. More than 35000 were injured, and nearly 310000 were left homeless. Some 75000 buildings were damaged or destroyed. Total damage was estimated at $90 billion.

Were the Japanese prepared for earthquakes? They thought they were. They were expecting a big earthquake to strike one of their major cities. But they did not know when, where, or how big the earthquake would be, Architects and engineers believed they had designed earthquake-proof buildings, transportation, and public services. Kobe’s few minutes of earth tremors shattered that belief.

What did people learn from the Kobe earthquake? What happened in Kobe suggests that earthquake hazard was not taken seriously enough. Some people believe that more can be done to reduce damage. They propose the following. More work should be put into quake-proofing buildings. Walls should be built to protect towns on the coast from large waves. Providers of emergency services must be better trained and better prepared. Citizens must be better educated on what to do when an earthquake strikes.

The major barrier to doing more is cost. Japan finds itself trying to balance the cost against the risk of a strong earthquake.

1. Which sentence best tells what this passage says?

A. Cities can be made earthquake-proof.

B. More can be done to reduce the damage of earthquake.

C. Earthquakes do not do much damage.

D. Nothing can be done to reduce the damage of earthquake.

2.How many people died in the Kobe earthquake?

A. More than 6000.

B. About 90 billion.

C. Nearly 310000.

D. At least 100000.

3.Why is more not done to protect cities from earthquakes?

A. There never will be another earthquake.

B. Engineers do not have the knowledge.

C. Protection is very costly.

D. No one takes earthquakes seriously.

4.The pattern used to develop this passage is ____________________.

A. chronological order

B. personal narrative

C. comparison and contrast

D. question and answer

5.Tremors are ____________________.

A. long ditches

B. shakings

C. claps of thunder

D. sirens

Passage 4

One of the main problems facing the world today is the increase of population. How can this increasing population be fed and its standard of living improved? Obviously higher agricultural production with better distribution of food is one essential method. But in many countries better agricultural techniques including mechanized farming, will involve a reduction in the number of people on the land. What will happen to the surplus population driven off the land by machines? They must be employed in new industries. But how new industries will be introduced into countries which cannot afford to pay for their equipment and which do not possess engineers and other workers with the necessary training?

In the early days of foreign investment loans by governments were not unknown, but the largest proportion of invested funds were contributed by private firms and individuals who were willing to take exceptional risks in the hope of gaining exceptional profits.

More recently, and especially since the Second World War, a much larger proportion of the money lent to underdeveloped countries has been provided directly by public authorities in the form of loans from one government to another or through special organizations like the Columbo Plan and the Colonial Development Corporation.

Even loans made by governments are not always dependable, for a government which has given financial help may alter its policy or may be replaced by a government less interested in spending money abroad. A new government, or a government faced with problems at home, may decide to reduce foreign loans and investments. In 1968, for example, because of increased military expenditure and other demands on its finances, the United States greatly reduced its loans to underdeveloped countries. In the present international situation, there is little security for the plans of developing countries if their plans depend on external aid. These nations can only rely on limited amount of aid from a few international organizations.

1. To feed the increasing population we must ___________________.

A. yield more food and bring about a reasonable share of the food among the people

B. find jobs for the people driven off land by machines

C. use advanced farming machines and techniques

D. get financial support for the poorer countries

2. When foreign investment first came into existence, it was mainly made up of funds

from ______________________.

A. individuals in private firms

B. governments

C. sources other than the governments

D. government organizations

3. In the past 40 years or so, ______________________.

A. private companies have withdrawn from investment in foreign countries

B. loans from governments and international organizations have greatly increased

C. investment in foreign countries is a forbidden area for the private firms

D. governments and international organizations dominate every real foreign investment

4. We can hardly wholly depend on foreign governments for aids because __________________.

A. the sum is often too small compared with our needs

B. foreign governments usually act according to internationally accepted customs

C. the political condition of a government sometimes greatly influences its policy

towards investment abroad

D. governments are less interested in investment abroad

5. How should the underdeveloped countries deal with their financial problems?

A. Rely on themselves.

B. Depend on a few international organizations.

C. Depend on all international organizations.

D. Rely mainly on themselves while trying to get some aid from international organizations

Passage 5

College brings together people from all walks of life. There are so many different types of people in the world but if you go to a college campus, you are sure to find at least one of every kind. The great part about being here with so many different people is that you get to interact with some interesting characters and see how to deal with them. You will meet the people you dread the most, the smart-ass, the brain, or the unique spirit, but no matter who it is that is your worst nightmare to be around you will always be paired up with them in a group project. When you get into the real world you are not going to be able to pick your boss or coworkers. Interacting with these people in college and living with different roommates will help you learn how to cooperate with the people in life you find so unpleasant. College life is fun. The fact

that I have been here for a short time just means it has not yet been a life changing experience to me. If I were to give any tips on how to survive, it would not be how to survive college, but how to survive life. I would have to say that one should be outgoing and live life to the fullest. Meet new people whenever you can because they just may be a major influence in your life. Also, get your work done before you go out and party. Lastly, I would have to say, in life you ever feel lost or alone, talk to someone about it. Everyone get depressed at times in their life and there is always someone who will listen to your problems.

1.What is the theme of the passage?

A. Relationships in college.

B. Homework in college.

C. Freedom in college.

D. Partying in college.

2.What does the author say about group projects?

A. They are always unpleasant.

B. They are always difficult.

C. Partners may not cooperate.

D. Partners may be lazy.

3.Why does the author recommend meeting many new people?

A. They may become your best friends.

B. They may influence your life.

C. They may help you someday.

D. They make your life more fun.

4.How would you describe the author’s personality?

A. Shy and underconfident.

B. Strong but quiet.

C. Extremely pessimistic.

D. Optimistic and outgoing.

5.What does the author say to do if you are depressed?

A. Go somewhere by yourself.

B. Talk to someone about it.

C. Try to forget about it.

D. See a psychologist immediately. Passage 6

A 1987 survey was given to 5 000 high school seniors. It showed that they did not know geography. Students in Boston were questioned. One-third of them could not name six New England states. Students in Baltimore were questioned. Half could not shade in the United States on a map. Here is what another survey showed. Students did not know history. Most did not know the dates of the American Civil War. Many did not know World II leaders.

Someone else asked this question. What did students think of social studies? Their answer: social studies was not important. They said it was the least important of their studies.

What is social studies? It is the study of individuals. It is the study of groups. It is the study of societies. Social studies covers many fields. You have read about history and geography. These are part of social studies. It covers many other areas as well. Let’s say you study the way people live together in groups. This is an area of social studies. So is learning about very early people. So is studying government.

Is social studies important? Early Americans thought so. Students then learned history and civics. This was to make them good citizens. A report from 1916 set a new goal. It said, “The social studies should cultivate a sense of membership in the world community.” The world community is very large. But today it is easy to share ideas in it. We have radio and TV. We have phones. We have computers.

Social studies helps us understand the world’s people. It helps us know groups and societies. The 1916 goal was important then. It is even more important now. We all need to be good world citizens.

1. Social studies ________.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/9016332948.html,es radios, TVs, and computers

B.is the study of people, groups, and societies

C.can be understood by questioning students

D.was first taught in 1916

2. Which fact supports the statement that students did not know geography?

A.A survey questioned 5 000 students.

B.Most students did not know when the Civil War was.

C.Many students did not know World War II leaders.

D.Half of the students from Baltimore couldn’t locate the United States on a

map.

3.This passage makes it clear that__________.

A. we are not members of a world community

B.social studies helps make good world citizens

C.researchers should question more students

D.social studies is not important

4.The quotation marks around the sentence “The social studies should cultivate a sense of membership in the world community.” show that is____________.

A. is important

B.is the writer’s opinion

C.is the exact words from the 1916 report

D.was spoken by a high school students

5.The word “survey” in this passage means a____________.

A. general look

B.plan showing boundaries

C.formal study or poll

D.discussion

II 英译汉单选

1.He knows the history of the UK from A to Z.

A.他了解字母A到Z在英国的历史。

B.他了解字母A到Z在美国的历史。

C.他了解英国历史的全部内容。

D.他了解美国历史的全部内容。

2.I’m hurrying to the booking office to see about our tickets.

A.我急忙跑到售票处去看我们的票。

B.我急忙跑到售票处去弄票。

C.我急忙跑到售书处去看我们的票。

D.我急忙跑到售书处去弄票。

3.The acid test will come when the machine goes on sale in China.

A.这种机器在中国打折时将要进行酸性测试。

B.这种机器在中国打折时将要面临严峻的考验。

C.这种机器在中国销售时将要进行酸性测试。

D.这种机器在中国销售时将要面临严峻的考验。

4.The strong high school team would have a fat chance beating a third class college

team.

A.这支高中强队很有可能击败一支三流的大学队伍。

B.这支高中强队很有可能击败一支大学三班的队伍。

C.这支高中强队不大可能击败一支三流的大学队伍。

D.这支高中强队不大可能击败一支大学三班的队伍。

5. If it is convenient to you, please fetch me the parcel from the post office.

A. 如果你方便，请帮我到邮局寄一个包裹。

B. 如果你方便的话，请帮我从邮局取回包裹。

C. 如果你方便，请接我去一趟邮局我要拿包裹。

D. 给我拿一个包裹去邮局，这对你来说很方便。

6. He who plays with fire will surely get burnt.

A. 他玩火了，被烧伤。

B．他风风火火去玩受了伤。

C. 玩火者，必自焚。

D. 他玩的那么嗨当然会受伤。

7. With all this work on hand, he shouldn’t have been to the cinema last night.

A. 手头上的工作这么多，他昨晚本不该去看电影。

B. 手里拿着这些工作，他昨晚应该在电影院里做完的。

C．因为手头工作很多，他昨晚没有去看电影。

D．他昨晚没有去电影院，而是手头一直忙于工作。

8. There are more things between heaven and earth than are dreamt of in your philosophy.

A. 在这天地间有许多事情是人类哲学所不能解释的。

B. 天地之间，自由自在。

C. 天堂中，道理无处不在。

D. 有许多哲学解释不了的问题。

9. Seeing is believing.

A. 眼见为实。

B. 看见的就是道理。

C. 看见的不要相信。

D. 看见就是天堂。

10. Consider the bad times as down payment for the good times. Hang in there.

A. 把坏日子当做好日子的首付吧，坚持就是胜利。

B. 认为时间是不对的，就会停滞不前。

C. 思考时间会得到丰厚的回报。

D. 觉得坏的时间也是了不起的回报。

11. He owed his failure to his bad luck more than capacity.

A. 他的失败主要是运气不好，但更多有能力因素。

B. 他把自己的失败归因于运气不好而不是能力有限。

C. 他失败的原因是不走运大于能力。

D. 他失败是出于能力不行而不是运气不好。

12. People’s attitudes towards gift giving may vary from country to country.

A. 人们的态度是国家之间要送礼物。

B. 人们的态度是送不同的国家要送不同的礼物。

C. 国与国之间人们对送礼物的看法不尽相同。

D. 各国人们送礼的做法都在变化。

13. It is better to take your time at this job than to hurry and make mistakes.

A. 最好的工作要慢慢找，不要太着急。

B. 工作中不要太急，免得出错。

C. 干这活最好慢点不要匆忙，免得出错。

D. 最好要多花点时间在工作上，免得忙中出错。

14. Not all the milk power has been sufficiently tested for safety.

A. 所有的奶粉都未进行必要的安全检查。

B. 所有的奶粉都未必进行充分的安全检查。

C. 并非所有的奶粉都进行了必要的检查。

D. 并非所有的奶粉都经过了充分的安全检测。

15. The newspaper you read could have been edited and typed with the aid of a computer.

A. 你所阅读的报纸可能是在计算机的辅助之下出版和打印出来的。

B. 你所阅读的书籍可能是在计算机的辅助之下编辑和打印出来的。

C. 你所阅读的书籍可能是在计算机的辅助之下编辑和出版出来的。

D. 你所阅读的报纸可能是在计算机的辅助之下编辑和打印出来的。

16. It was at least two months before Christmas when nine-year-old Amy told her father and me that she wanted a new bicycle.

A. 恰恰是在圣诞节之前至少两个月，九岁的艾米才告诉我和她的父亲，她想要一台新自行车。

B. 恰恰是在复活节之前至少两天，九岁的艾米才告诉我和她的父亲，她想要一台新自行车。

C. 恰恰是在圣诞节之前至少两天，九岁的艾米才告诉我和她的父亲，她想要一台新滑板车。

D. 恰恰是在圣诞节之前至多两个月，九岁的艾米才告诉我和她的父亲，她想要一台新自行车。

17. Other activities which are as risky as bungee jumping include jumping from tall buildings and diving into the sea from the top of the high cliffs.

A. 其它像蹦极一样有趣的运动包括从高楼上跳下和从悬崖上跳到海水里。

B. 其它像蹦极一样有趣的运动包括从飞机上跳下和从悬崖上跳到海水里。

C. 其它像蹦极一样危险的运动包括从高楼上跳下和从悬崖上跳到海水里。

D. 其它像蹦极一样危险的运动包括从高楼上跳下和从悬崖上跳到山谷里。

18. We prefer no smoking in class, unless your fellow students agree otherwise.

A. 我们提倡在课堂上吸烟，因为其他同学也同意你这样做。

B. 我们不提倡在课堂上吸烟，除非其他同学同意你这样做。

C. 我们不提倡在课堂上吸烟，因为其他同学不同意你这样做。

D. 我们不提倡在课堂上吸烟，其他同学也一样。

19. Computers are used to predict the weather, examine the ocean and develop defense systems.

A. 电脑被用来预测气压、检查海水、发展国防。

B. 电脑被用来预测天气、测量海水、发展国防。

C. 电脑被用来预测天气、检查海水、保卫国防。

D. 电脑被用来预测天气、检查海水、发展国防。

20. What if I made a little bicycle out of clay and wrote a note that she could trade the clay model for a real bike?

A. 如果我用金属铸出一台小自行车，并且写一张纸条说明她可以用这台自行车模型换取一台真正的自行车。

B. 如果我用陶泥铸出一台小自行车，并且写一张纸条说明她可以用这台自行车模型换取一台真正的自行车。

C. 如果我用金属铸出一台小自行车，并且告诉她可以用这台自行车模型换取一台真正的自行车。

D. 如果我用电脑绘出一台小自行车，并且写一张纸条说明她可以用这台自行车模型换取一台真正的自行车。

III 英译汉段落（主观题）

Friendship is one of the most important relationships in our lives. Over the course of your career, you are sure to make many friends. Facts have proved that people who have friends tend to lead a richer and longer life than those without. We expect a close friendship to last. So, when you feel a friend has hurt you, you may just as well sit down with that friend and talk about why you feel hurt. Talk about what has happened—not in anger, but as calmly as you can. By so doing you are likely to fix a nearly broken friendship.

Though how the English language came into existence remains a mystery to many people, linguists believe that English and most other European languages have descended from a common source: the Indo-European parent language. English was

first spoken by the Anglo-Saxon who invaded England in the fifth century. They passed onto us the basic vocabulary of English. In over fifteen centuries of its development, English has enriched itself by massive borrowing. As British immigrants landed in America and established the United States as an independent nation, a new variety was added to the English language: American English. Though some people worry that the language is running out of control, many native speakers of English take pride in the tolerance of their language.

IV 汉译英段落（主观题）

中国素有“茶的故乡”之称，是世界上最早种植茶、制作茶、饮用茶的国家。茶的发现和利用是中国人对人类文化史的一大贡献。几千年来，中国人品茶的热情始终未减，因为茶是有益于健康的天然饮品。茶在中国人的社会和情感生活中都有着重要的作用。客来敬茶是中国较为普遍的习俗，不只是出于对客人的礼貌，而且也是一种亲近的象征和快乐的分享。

因特网在继电话之后已成为人们生活的又一重要主成部分。消费者使用因特网进行在线购物和投资。大多数消费者使用信用卡在线购物付款。其它电子支付系统，有时被称为“数字货币”或“e现金”现在也十分普遍。这些支付系统的目标就是使得购物更加简便。比如说“储值卡”能够把现金的价值转入卡内，这张卡在公交系统、各大高校、加油站和预付话费中广泛应用。

V 作文