2011年10月全国自考《英语写作基础》真题及详解【圣才出品】

2011年10月全国自考《英语写作基础》真题及详解

课程代码：00597

Ⅰ. 重写句子(15 points, 1.5 points each)

Revise each of the following sentences according to the requirement in brackets．

Example: The history of English words is the history of our civilization in many ways. (periodic sentence)

In many ways, the history of English words is the history of our civilization.

1. Learning a new language demands time. It needs patience too. (simple sentence)

答案：Learning a new language demands time and patience.

【解析】此句变为简单句。只含有一个主谓结构并且句子各成分都只由单词或短语构成的独立句子或分句叫做简单句。time和patience为并列关系，因此使用and将两个句子合并为一个句子，去掉too。

2. Bacon stepped to the front of the room. He tripped over the microphone cord. (compound sentence)

答案：Bacon stepped to the front of the room and he tripped over the

microphone cord.

【解析】此句变为并列句。由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起的句子叫并列句。因此将两个句子用and连接。

3. Harrison’s Chemical Corporation is a company. It sponsors important research. (complex sentence)

答案：Harrison’s Chemical Corporation is a company which sponsors important research.

【解析】此句变为复合句。复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成，用疑问词作引导词。It指代company，故改it为which，引导定语从句，修饰company。

4. We looked at only two houses before buying the house of our dreams. (periodic sentence)

答案：Before buying the house of our dreams, we looked at only two houses.

【解析】此句变为圆周句。圆周句是指一个句子中把关键信息放在整句末尾，将次要信息放在句首。因此将before引导的状语从句置于句首，把主句we looked at only two houses置于句尾，中间用逗号隔开。

5. Pigeons adjust to farm life. They adjust to city streets. In city streets they peck their livelihoods from garage heaps. (compound-complex sentence) 答案：Pigeons adjust to farm life and they adjust to city streets where they peck their livelihoods from garage heaps.

【解析】此句变为并列复合句。并列复合句包含两个或两个以上独立句和至少一个非独立句。因此用and连接前两句，构成并列句。再用where引导定语从句，修饰“city streets”。

6. She was greatly disappointed to find that the picture did not look like her. (sentence with to opener)

答案：T o find that the picture did not look like her, she was greatly disappointed.

【解析】此句变为由to开头的句子。将“to find that the picture did not look like her.”置于句首做独立成分，用逗号与“she was greatly disappointed”隔开。

7. He cut the grass. She trimmed the bushes. The children swept the clippings and put them into plastic bags. (long sentence)

答案：He was cutting the grass and she was trimming the bushes, while the children was sweeping the clippings and putting them into plastic bags.

【解析】将此句改为一个长句。可以把He was cutting the grass 和she was trimming the bushes用and连接成主句，用while引导the children was sweeping the clippings and putting them into plastic bags作时间状语。主句用过去进行时，从句也用过去进行时，表示动作同时进行。

8. She stood there. She watched the fair woman walk down the long line of galleries with grace and majesty. (sentence with a modifying phrase) 答案：She stood there, watching the fair woman walk down the long line of galleries with grace and majesty.

【解析】将此句改为含有修饰性短语的句子。此句将第二句的主语“she”去掉，watched

变为watching并引导后面部分作为伴随状语，修饰主句“she stood there”。

9. T om went to college. His brother James didn’t. James had a very weak heart. (compound-complex sentence )

答案：T om went to college, but h is brother James didn’t because he had a very weak heart.

【解析】将此句变为并列复合句。用连接词but连接“T om went to college”和“His brother James didn’t”两个句子，用逗号隔开，使之成为并列成分。再用because引导“James had a very weak heart.”作原因状语从句，修饰主句“T om went to college, but his brother James didn’t”。

10. After losing his glasses, T om drove down the wrong side of the street. He ran a stop sign, and went through two red lights. (sentence with parallel structure) 答案：T om lost his glasses, drove down the wrong side of the street, ran a stop sign, and went through two red lights.

【解析】将此句变为有平行结构的句子。平行结构是由两个或者两个以上的句法结构相同或相似、意义相关、语气一致的语言单位所组成。本句变为平行结构时可将动词短语并列，并保持形式一致，前两个动作之间用逗号隔开。

Ⅱ. 修改病句(15 points，3 points each)

Correct the errors in the following sentences．

Example: After seeing an offensive mouthwash ad on television. I resolved

never to buy that brand again.

After seeing an offensive mouthwash ad on television，I resolved never to buy that brand again.

11. Mr. Baker used to teach arts in Memorial High School I used to be a student there.

【答案】Mr. Baker used to teach arts in Memorial High School where I used to be a student.

【解析】原句中两个句子没有连接词，无法成为一个句子。因此选用where引导定语从句“I used to be a student there.”修饰“Memorial High School”，才能成为一个完整的句子。

12. My parents bought a house from a man with no inside plumbing.

【答案】My parents bought a house with no inside plumbing from a man.

【解析】原句中“with no inside plumbing”跟在“man”之后，作为“man”的定语，表示“一个没有内管道的人”，出现语义错误。因此将“with no inside plumbing”置于“house”之后，表示“一所没有内管道的房子”。

13. The World Wide Web is easy to use. Loaded with links and graphics.

【答案】The World Wide Web, loaded with links and graphics, is easy to use.

【解析】原句中“Loaded with links and graphics.”句子成分不完整，无法单独成句。因此将其作为定语来修饰“The World Wide Web”。

14. T o please the children, some fireworks were set off a day earlier.

【答案】T o please the children, we set off some fireworks a day earlier.

【解析】不定式作目的状语，句子的主语就是动作的发出者，“some fireworks”无法发出动作，因此将主句变为主动语态，加上主语“we”。

15. The tribe emphasized collective survival, mutual aid and being responsible for one another.

【答案】The tribe emphasized collective survival, mutual aid and responsibility for one another.

【解析】原句中的being在此处是作为谓语动词，emphasized也是谓语动词，一个句子中不能出现两个谓语动词。因此将being去掉，responsible变为名词“responsibility”与前面保持一致。

Ⅲ. 辨认主题句(15 points, 5 points each)

16. Choose the best topic sentence from the four options below. Write the corresponding letter of your choice in the blank provided.

[A]. Each of us inherits a culture made up, in part, of commonly accepted knowledge.

[B]. We may also learn that eating too much candy will decay our teeth.

[C]. We may learn from others that the earth revolves around the sun.

[D]. These are the things that everybody knows.

Your choice: ________