英语被动语态

一、什么是被动语态？

英语中时态很多，但语态不多，只有两种，即：主动语态和被动语态。所谓“被动语态”，相当于中文中常说的“被……”、“由……”的句式，如：“他的自行车被偷了。”，“这座楼房是由他们建造的。”

二、被动语态的结构

那么，英语中被动语态是怎么样构成的呢？请看下面的例句

His bicycle was stolen.

The building has been built in 2000.

通过上面的例句，可以看出，“被动语态”的构成是：

be + 过去分词+ (by+动作执行者)

三、被动语态的运用

什么情况下要用被动语态呢？一般地说，有下面几种情况：

（1）不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要。例如：

Paper is made from wood. （纸是由木材生产出来的。）

The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. （这座房子太旧了。它是1950年建成的。）

He was wounded in the fight. （他在战斗在受伤了。）

Electricity is used to run machines. （电是用来开动机器的。）

（2）需要强调动作的对象时。例如：

Calculator can't be used in the maths exam.

（计算器不能用于数学考试。）

Books and newspapers in the reading room mustnt be taken away. （阅览室的书籍和报纸不准带走。）

He was awarded first prize in that contest.

（他在比赛中获得了第一。）

（3）为了使语气婉转，避免提到是谁做的这件事。例如：

The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. （新实验室必须在下个月底前完工。）

四、各种时态的被动语态举例

一般地讲，被动语态可用于英语的各种时态。为了能准确地运用被动语态，重点是要掌握be动词的各种时态变化。各种时态的被动语态举例如下：

1、一般现在时的被动语态. am / is / are + 动词的过去分词

Our classroom is cleaned every day.

This car is made in China.

2、一般过去式的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词

His desk was cleaned just now.

The station was built in 1928.

3、现在进行时的被动语态: am / is / are + being + 动词的过去分词

A new factory is being built in our city now.

Some trees are being cut down in the park.

4、过去进行时的被动语态: was / were + being + 动词的过去分词

A new factory was being built in our city at that time.

Some babies were being looked after by Miss Chen last year.

5、一般将来时的被动语态:

(A) will / shall + be + 动词的过去分词

(B) am / is / are + going to be +动词的过去分词.

Some new factories will be built in our city this year.

Your watch is going to be mended in an hour.

6、过去将来时的被动语态: (1).would / should + be + 动词的过去分词(2).was / were +going to be + 动词的过去分词.

She said that some new factories would be built soon in our city.

He thought that your watch was going to be mended after an hour.

7、现在完成时的被动语态:have / has + been + 动词的过去分词

Some new factories have been built in the city since last year.

Your watch has been mended already.

8、过去完成时的被动语态:had + been + 动词的过去分词

He said that some new factories had been built in the city.

I didn’t know that my watch had been mended .

9、含情态动词的被动式：can/may/must + be + done

例如：He can not be found. / I must be paid for this.

五、如何将主动语态变成被动语态

1、从句子意义上说，就是重新找出“什么事物”是“被完成”的。

例1.

主动语态：人们说英语。People speak English in many countries.

被动语态：英语被说。English is spoken in many countries..

例2.

主动语态：我们造这座桥。We built this bridge last year.

被动语态：这座桥被建造。This bridge was built last year.

2、从语法的角度说，把原句的宾语改成主语。

例1.

主动语态：小王邀请你(宾语) Xiao Liu has invited you to a lunch party.

被动语态：你(宾语)被邀请。You has been invited to a lunch party by Xiao Wang.

例2.

主动语态：你不准带走杂志(宾语) You must not take these magazines out of the reading-room.

被动语态：杂志(宾语)不准被带走.These magazines must not be taken out of the reading room.

例3.

主动语态：他们授给他(宾语)一枚奖章(宾语).They gave him a medal for his wonderful work.

被动语态：他(宾语)被授予一枚奖章. He was given a medal for his wonderful work.

被动语态：一枚奖章(宾语)被授给了他.A medal was given to him for his wonderful work.

6．将主动语态变被动语态的基本方法为：

①将主动语态的宾语作被动语态的主语；

②谓语动词变为“be＋及物动词的过去分词”，并通过be的变化来表达出不同的时态；

③主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语放在被动结构中的谓语动词之后。（有时by短语可以省略）。

7．被动语态的一般疑问句是将一个助动词置于主语之前；否定句是在第一个助动词后加not；特殊疑问句的语序为：疑问词＋一般疑问句。例如：

①You must throw the broken pottery away at once．

The broken pottery ______ ______ ______ ______ at once．（同义句）

（填m ust be thrown away）

②Where did they grow vegetables？（改为被动语态）

Where ______ vegetables ______ ？（填were；grown）

六．注意特例

将主动语态变被动语态应注意几个特殊情况：

1．含双宾语的主动结构变为被动结构时，有两种方法：

①将间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保持不变；

②将直接宾语变为主语，间接宾语用介词to或for引导。例如：

①He told us a story．（变被动语态）

→We were told a story（by him）．或：A story was told to us by him．

②Her mother gave her a new pen．（变被动语态）

A new pen ______ ______ ______ her by her mother．

（填was given to）

2．短语动词的被动语态：在变为被动语态时，要将短语动词视为一个整体，其后的介词或副词不能省去。例如：

①This dictionary mustn't ______ from the library．［C］

A．take away B．taken away C．be taken away

②She will take good care of the children．（变被动语态）

The children will ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ （by her）．

（填be taken good care of）

3．含有复合宾语的主动结构变被动结构时，通常将宾语变为被动句的主语，而宾语补足语就成为主语补足语。注意：省略to的不定式作宾补时，不定式符号to必须补上。例如：

Someone saw him swim in Qianling Lake yesterday．（变被动

He ______ ______ ______ swim in Qianling Lake yesterday．（填was seen to）

4．不定式的被动结构：动词不定式的被动语态为“to be ＋过去分词”。例如：

The radio says a wild animal zoo is to ______ in our city．［C］

A．be building B．build C．be built

5．以疑问代词开头的疑问句转换成被动句时要注意词序：应将主动句中的疑问代词改为介词by的宾语，但仍然放在句子开头。例如：

Who has broken the cup？（改为被动语态）

→By whom has the cup been broken？

七．注意区别

被动语态和过去分词作表语的区别：

1）含义不同：被动语态强调动作，重点说明动作由谁完成、怎样完成；而过去分词作表语通常用来描写情景，叙述人或事物的特征及所处的状态。试比较：

The window is broken．窗子破了。（系表结构）

The window is broken by him．窗子被他打破了。（被动语态）

2）用法不同：过去分词作表语时可以被so，very，too等程度副词修饰，而被动语态则不能用so，very，too修饰，而需用much，very much，so much，too much修饰。试比较：

He was very interested in science．他对科学有极大兴趣。（系表结构）

I was so much surprised at the scene that I didn't know what to do．我被那种场面搞得大吃一惊，不知所措。（被动语态）

10．牢记（相关）句型

初中教材中与被动语态相关的句型有：

1．be covered with被……覆盖

2．be made of由……制作（发生物理变化）

be made from由……制作（发生化学变化）

be made in由（某地）制造

be made by被（某人）制造

3．be used for被用来……

be used as被当作（作为）……来使用

be used to do sth．被用来做某事

4．It is said that．．．据说……

It is hoped that．．．希望……

It is well known that．．．众所周知……例如：

加速度学习网让学习变得简单被动语态

一、被动语态概述

语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。如：

He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态）

The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态）

二、被动语态的构成

被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。

1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种，现以动词clean为例列表说明：

2、被动语态的句式变化：以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化：

3、含有情态动词的被动语态

情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词；其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，"be+过去分词"部分不变。如：

Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。

Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时）

Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句）

三、主动语态变为被动语态

转换图示：

1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：

（1）将主动句的宾语变为主语：

注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。如：

Tom killed him. →He was killed by Tom.

（2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。注意：

They held a meeting yesterday. →A meeting was held by them yesterday.

他们昨天开会了。

（3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。

注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。

He sang a song. →A song was sung by him.

2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：

含有双宾语，即直接宾语（常指事物）和间接宾语（常指人）的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。

Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。

We were told the truth by Jack.

The truth was told (to) us by Jack.

四、动词的主动形式表示被动之意

系动词无被动语态：以主动形式表示被动之意

常见的系动词有：

①be动词

②……起来（7个）：look/seem/appear, feel(感觉，摸起来), sound, smell, taste

e.g. She seems/appears happy. It smells terrible.

③(逐渐)变得/变成：become, grow, get, turn, come, go

e.g. His wish has come true.

People often went hungry in the old days.

The tree is growing tall.

④保持：keep, stay

e.g. We must keep quiet in the reading room.

五、下列动词（词组）没有被动式：

1、happen, take place, break out, belong to ,cost, take

2、不及物动词sell, wash, read , write, open, close, shut, lock, wear等，常用主动形式表示被动意义。

①、An accident was happened yesterday.（×）昨天发生了一起事故。

An accident happened yesterday.（√）

②、The flower smells sweet.这花闻起来很香。

③、The watch looks good.这表看起来很好。

④、This book sells well.这本书畅销。

⑤、The kind of cloth washes well. 这种布很容易洗。

⑥、The article reads well. 这篇文章读起来很好。

⑦、The supermarket opens at 8:00 in the morning. 超市在早上八点钟营业。

⑧、The door won’t close/shut. 这门关不上。

⑨、The door locks easily. 这门容易锁。

⑩、This material wears well (won’t wear). 这种材料耐久（不耐久）

六、各种时态的被动语态举例（以动词do为例）

1．一般现在时（am/ is/ are +done）

English is spoken by lots of people in the world. 世界上的许多人都说英语。

Class meeting is held every Thursday. 每周四都举行班会。

The classroom is cleaned by the students every day. 学生们每天都打扫教室。

2．一般过去时(was/ were +done)

The cup was broken by the boy. 杯子被那个男孩打碎了。

He was saved at last. 他最终获救了。

My bike was stolen. 我的自行车被偷了。

3．一般将来时与过去将来时(will/ shall be +done; would/should be +done)

A speech will be given this afternoon. 今天下午有一个演讲。

A new road will be built next year. 明年要修一条新马路。

I thought thousands of people would be helped. 我认为将有数千人得到帮助。

4．现在进行时与过去进行时(am/ is/ are being +done; was/ were being +done)

The machine was being repaired at this time yesterday. 昨天这时，机器正在被修理。 The problem is being discussed now. 问题正在被讨论。

A bus is being pushed by the passengers. 路人正在推一辆公共汽车。

5．现在完成时(have/ has been + done)

Two hundred trees have been planted by now. 到现在为止，已经种了二百棵树了。

The book has been read many times by me. 这本书已经被我读了许多遍了。

6．过去完成时(had been+done)

They said they had been invited to the party. 他们说已经被邀请参加晚会了。

She found the house had been destroyed by the storm. 她发现房子已经被暴风雨摧毁。

He had been tortured by the illness for many years before he died. 他在去世前已经被疾病折磨很多年了。

加速度学习网让学习变得简单

最全初中英语语法之被动语态

初中英语被动语态复习一、被动语态概述语态是动词的一种形式，用以说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。英语的语态共有两种：主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是动词的一种特殊形式，一般说来，只有需要动作对象的及物动词才有被动语态。汉语往往用"被"、"受"、"给"等词来表示被动意义。如： He opened the door.他打开了这扇门。（主动语态） The door was opened.这扇门被打开了。（被动语态）二、被动语态的构成被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。疑问式和否定式的变化也如此。 1、被动语态的时态较常见的八种，现以动词clean为例列表说明： 2、被动语态的句式变化：以一般现在时和动词invite为例，列表说明被动语态的句式变化： 3、含有情态动词的被动语态情态动词的被动语态结构为：情态动词+be+过去分词；其时态及句型的变化仅由情态动词完成，"be+过去分词"部分不变。如： Tables can be made of stone.桌子可由石头制造。 Tables could be made of stone at that time. 那时桌子可由石头制造。（一般过去时）

Can tables be made of stone? 桌子能用石头制造吗？（疑问句）三、主动语态变为被动语态转换图示： 1、主动语态变为被动语态的步骤：（1）将主动句的宾语变为主语：注意：如果主动句的宾语是代词，需将其由宾格变为主格。如： Tom killed him. →He was killed by Tom. （2）将动词改为"be+过去分词"。注意： They held a meeting yesterday. → A meeting was held by them yesterday. 他们昨天开会了。（3）将主动语态的主语改为be…放在谓语动词后。注意：如果原主语是代词，则应由主格变为宾格。 He sang a song. →A song was sung by him. 2、主动语态变为被动语态的注意事项：含有双宾语，即直接宾语（常指事物）和间接宾语（常指人）的句子，每个宾语都可变为被动语态的主语，即其被动语态有两种形式。但多以间接宾语作主语。 Jack told us the truth.杰克告诉了我们真相。 We were told the truth by Jack. The truth was told (to) us by Jack. 四．被动语态的基本用法 1.需要强调动作的承受者时，用被动语态。 Magazines and newspapers in the reading-room mustn't be taken away. 阅览室的杂志和报纸都不能带走。 2.不知道或者没有必要指出动作的执行者时，应使用被动语态。 He was wounded many times during the Anti--Japanese War. 他在抗日战争期间多次负伤。 The problem has to be dealt with right now. 这个问题必须马上处理。 3.当说话人需要强调客观时，用被动语态。 It is said that the temperature tomorrow will be 40℃. 据说明天的气温将要达到摄氏40度。 It is hoped that they will be successful.

英语中的被动语态及练习(附答案)

英语中的被动语态及练习 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be＋过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： Visitors ___________(request) not to touch the exhibits. 2）was/were done 一般过去时 I ___________(give) ten minutes to decide which I should choose. All the preparations ___________ (complete). By the end of last year, another new gym ___________ (complete) in Beijing. A new cinema ___________ (build) here． 6）was/were being done 过去进行时 A meeting ___________ (hold) when I was there. Hundreds of jobs ___________ (lose) if the factory closes. 8）should/would be done 过去将来时 The news ___________ (send) to the soldier's mother. 9）shall/will have been done 将来完成时 The project ___________ (complete) before July. 10）should/would have been done 过去将来完成时 He told me that his new clothes ___________ (make) very soon. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 The baby should ___________ (take) good care of by the baby-sitter.

【英语】被动语态(完整版)

【英语】被动语态(完整版) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．The classroom ________ by students every day. A．cleans B．cleaned C．is cleaned D．is cleaning 【答案】C 【解析】【详解】考查时态和被动语态。句意：教室每天都由学生打扫。句子主语The classroom，单数第三人称形式，与谓语动词clean之间是被动关系，再结合every day，可知句子用一般现在时态的被动语态，故选C。 2．The new library ________; it will be open next year. A．had been built B．was built C．was being built D．is being built 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。 3．Now the world’s attention ________ the stocking markets, as they have great influence on the world’s economy. A．is fixing on B．is being fixed on C．has fixed on D．had been fixed on 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态语态。句意：现在世界关注的焦点都在股票市场上，因为它们对世界经济已经产生了很大的影响。 attention与focus之间为被动关系，Now提示用现在进行时。 4．The plan for Xiongan New Area ______ officially on April 1, 2017. A．announced B．was announced C．announces D．is announced 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态与被动语态。句意：设立雄安新区的计划在2017年4月1日被官方宣布。计划是被官方宣布，故用被动语态；动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 5．When I got to his house, I found that the walls _____ . A．are being painted B．are painting C．were being painted D．were painting 【答案】C

英语被动语态用法总结(完整)

英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．More than one worker ______ dismissed. A．have been B．are C．has been D．has 【答案】C 【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致和语态。句意：不止一个工人被解雇了。如果主语由"many a,more than one ＋单数名词"构成，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式，故排除A和B，“工人”和“解雇”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选C。 2．________sco res of times, but Derek still couldn’t understand how to use past participle in a concrete situation. A．Having explained B．Having been explained C．Though it was explained D．It was explained 【答案】D 【解析】因为有连词but，前面应是完整的句子，排除A,B; Though不能和but同时使用，所以选D。 3．—Have you heard about that school bus accident? —Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________. A．were saved B．was saved C．have saved D．has been saved 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意为：——你有没有听说那起校车事故？——嗯，幸运的是，车上所有的人包括司机都获救了。由题干中的Have you heard...可知，事故发生在过去，且all 为主语，和save逻辑上构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案A符合语境。 4．The new library ________; it will be open next year. A．had been built B．was built C．was being built D．is being built 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。

高中英语被动语态

Introduction（被动语态） Handout (1) Ⅰ. Multiple choice. 1. These buildings ____ painted this time last year. A. were B. being C. have been D. were being 2. When ____ the composition ____ in? A. must, be handed B. should, handed C. must, hand D. does, handed 3. The suit ____ over $100. It will _____ at least 5 years. A. costs, last B. is cost, is lasted C. costs, is lasted D. is costed, last 4. Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture, but when and where ____ yet. A. hasn’t been decided B. haven’t decided C. isn’t being decided D. aren’t decided 5. The boy who ____ cheating in the exam _____ by the head teacher. A. has caught, will be punished B. was caught, will be punished C. caught, is to be punished D. was caught, were punished 6. Great changes _____taken place in the city, and a lot of factories _______. A. have been, have been set up B. have, have been set up C. has, have set up D. were, were set up Ⅱ. Cloze 1. A new library ________________(build) in our city now. 2. We shall _______________ (ask) to attend the meeting. 3. He has worked in the factory since it ___________ (build) 10 years ago. 4. So far, many man-made satellites ______________(send)up into space. 5. The decision has to be ___________(make). 6. Sheep are ___________ (keep) by farmers for __________ (produce) wool and mutton. 7. Outer space ________ (not explore) by people before 1957. 8. Computer science ________________(teach) now almost in all universities and institutes. 9. The first railway in the world ______________ (design) in the last century. 10. Five units of this textbook ________________ (study) by the end of last month. 11. I don't like ________________________（laugh at）in public. 12. Do you have a letter to ____________________ (post)? 13. Visitors _____________________（request ）not to touch the exhibits. 14. The meeting is to ______________________（put off ）till Friday.

英语被动语态总结

英语被动语态总结与练习一、被动语态的构成形式 1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由“be＋过去分词”构成，be随时态的变化而变化。以do为例，各种时态的被动语态形式为： 1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2) has /have been done 现在完成时 All the preparations for the task have been completed, and we're ready to start. 3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时 A new cinema is being built here． 4) was/were done 一般过去时I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 5) had been done 过去完成时By the end of last year, another new gymnasium had been completed in Beijing. 6) was/were being done 过去进行时 A meeting was being held when I was there. 7) shall/will be done 一般将来时Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes. 8) should/would be done 过去将来时The news would be sent to the soldier's mother as soon as it arrived. 9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时（少用）The project will have been completed before July. 10) should/would have been done 过去将来完成时（少用） He told me that his new clothes would have been made very soon. 2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式 1) 带情态动词的被动结构。其形式为：情态动词＋be＋过去分词。 The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter. 2) 有些动词可以有两个宾语，在用于被动结构时，可以把主动结构中的一个宾语变为主语，另一宾语仍然保留在谓语后面。通常变为主语的是间接宾语。 His mother gave him a present for his birthday. 可改为He was given a present by his mother for his birthday. 3) 当“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”结构变为被动语态时，将宾语变为被动结构中的主语，其余不动。Someone caught the boy smoking a cigarette. 可改为The boy was caught smoking a cigarette.

【英语】英语被动语态用法总结(完整)

【英语】英语被动语态用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择被动语态 1．The film “Schindler’s List”, was ________ by a real person, named Oskar Schindler A．inspired B．prompted C．rised D．insured 【答案】A 【解析】【详解】考查过去分词。A. inspired鼓舞；B. prompted引起，提示；C. rised上升；D. insured确保。句意：电影《辛德勒的名单》的灵感来自一个真实的人，名叫奥斯卡·辛德勒。结合句意可知此处用被动语态，故答案为A。 2．It is the third time so far that such a festival ________ in my hometown. A．is held B．has been held C．will be held D．had been held 【答案】B 【解析】试题分析：考查句式用法。This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句，这是第一（二，三…）次…。一般来说，This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句，这个句式中that从句使用现在完成时，但是这个句子中，so far距今为止，表示现在为止这个节日庆祝活动，还没有举办，要用将来时。故选C。考点: 考查句式用法 3．The new library ________; it will be open next year. A．had been built B．was built C．was being built D．is being built 【答案】D 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。 4．The plan for Xiongan New Area ______ officially on April 1, 2017. A．announced B．was announced C．announces D．is announced 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态与被动语态。句意：设立雄安新区的计划在2017年4月1日被官方宣布。计划是被官方宣布，故用被动语态；动作发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态。故选B。 5．Please wear your best clothes on Monday, as your class photos ______ then.

高中英语语法(2)-被动语态

第二章被动语态语态也是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的关系。英语有两种语态：主动语态(active voice) 和被动语态(passive voice)。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，而被动语态则表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。一、被动语态的构成被动语态是由助动词be加及物动词的过去分词构成，如果有必要强调动作的执行者，动作执行者可以由介词by引出的短语表示。助动词be随主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。 A. 十种常见时态的被动语态 1. 一般现在时主动语态：do 被动语态：amisare done We clean the classroom every day. 我们每天打扫教室。 The classroom is cleaned by us every day. 教室每天都由我们打扫。 Such songs are usually sung by girls. 这些歌通常是女孩子们唱的。 Russian is not taught in our school. 我们学校不教俄语。 Are many goods shipped abroad every day 每天都有许多货物运往国外吗 2. 一般过去时主动语态：did 被动语态：waswere done We cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天我们打扫了教室。

The classroom was cleaned by us yesterday. 昨天教室被我们打扫了。 The window was broken by my son. 窗子是我儿子打破的。 Were many trees planted on the hill yesterday 昨天山上种了许多树吗？ How much money was stolen in all 一共被偷了多少钱？ 3. 一般将来时主动语态：willshall do 被动语态：willshall be done We will clean the classroom soon. 我们很快要打扫教室。 The classroom will be cleaned soon. 教室很快要被打扫了。 The work will be done immediately. 这工作将马上做。 Will the school sports meeting be held next week？校运动会将在下星期举行吗？ When shall we be given a lecture on the Internet 什么时候给我们作有关因特网的讲座？ 4. 一般过去将来时主动语态：would do 被动语态：would be done We told him that we would clean the classroom soon. 我们告诉他我们马上就打扫教室。 We told him that the classroom would be cleaned soon. 我们告诉他教室很快就会被打扫的。 He said that a new trade center would be built in the centre of the city. 他说一个新的贸易中心将在市中心建起来。

英语中的被动语态

英语中的被动语态摘要:英语中使用被动语态非常广泛。本文分析了被动语态的形式和结构 ,以例子说明在什么情况下需要使用被动语态 ,同时阐述了学习英语被动语态应注意的几个问题。英语中使用被动语态非常广泛 ,在许多汉语中一般都不用被动语态的情况下 ,英语中必须或者最好使用被动语态。如:This computer was used by my father.这台计算机是我爸用过的。如果译成“这台计算机是被我爸用过的” ,那就不符合汉语的表达习惯了。那么 ,究竟在什么情况下使用被动语态呢 ? 在使用的时候又应该注意哪些问题 ? 根据教学经验 ,下面我们举出一些例子 ,帮助英语学习者正确使用被动语态。一、被动语态的形式和结构 1.适用场合：人们在发表自己的发现、发明和意见时 ,在介绍分析、推理、总结的过程时 ,在说明事物的性质、特征、状态、用途、工作原理时 ,总想尽量做到客观、公正 ,有意识地避免使用 I、We ,以免主观、武断和强加于人 ,这时常常用“物” 作主语或者使用 It 作主语 ,谓语使用被动语态。 2.英语被动语态的结构：是由助动词 be加及物动词的过去分词构成 ,其时态是通过 be 的变化形式体现出来的。英语的被动语态常用的时态有:一般现在时is.am.are+done. 一般过去时was.were+done、一般将来时will be +done、过去将来wouild be +done 现在进行时is.am.are+being +done、过去进行时was.were +being+done、现在完成时have/has +been+ done过去完成时had been+done等。Can/must/may/should/shall/will +be +done ought to be done/have/has/to be done,is.are going to be done. 二、在几种情况下需要使用被动语态 1.当我们不知道或者没有必要说明动作执行者是谁的时候(这时都不带由 by引起的短语) ,用被动语态。(1) Such books are writ ten for the teachers.这种书是为教师写的。 (2) The typewriter has not been used for ten years.这台打字机已经有 10 年不用了。 (3) My cellphone was stolen this morning.我的手机今天上午被盗了。 2.动作的承受者是谈话的中心或者特别需要强调的情况下(这时可以带有 by引起的短语) 。 (1) This school is run by him.这间学校是他办的。 (2) The lathe was designed by themselves.这台车床是他们自己设计的。 (3) The TV set has been cleaned.这台电视机擦干净了。 3.在动作执行者不言自明的情况下使用被动语态。 (1) A book of reference in the library must not be taken away.阅览室的图书不准带出。 (2) The mobile phone can not be used in class.课堂上不能使用手机。 (3) The wine is not touched when driving.开车时不要喝酒。 4.在为了委婉、礼貌而不愿或不便说出动作的执行者的情况下 ,使用被动语态。 (1) Enough has been said just now about the question. 关于这个问题 ,刚才谈很多了。 (2) He is expected to study english hard.希望他要努力学习英语。 (3) Y ou are advised to reform and open.建议你们要改革开放。(4)you are welcomed to speak here. 欢迎你来这儿讲话。(5)Everyone is asked to be on time.大家要按时到达。（6）It is said that Edison invented the telepfone. 5.使用被动语态后可以更好地安排句子的情况下 ,使用被动语态。 (1) Principal often speaks to his schoolmates and is always listened to with enthusiasm.校长经常和同学们谈话 ,同学们总是热心地听他讲。如果说“Princ ipal often speaks to his schoolmates and his schoolmates always listen to him with

英语被动语态用法

语态篇——常见与不常见的被动 [提问]在下面这个句子中，那些部分为被动语态？“I had not originally been scheduled to work this day but I was extremely pleased when I was asked to help out at the last minute, for it would be one of the most memorable days of the games. (Experiencing English Integrated Book Page120)” 答：要分析上面这个句子，并划出相应的被动语态部分，首先要清楚地了解什么是被动语态和被动语态的结构。在语法学中，语态是针对动词而言的一种形式，描述句子中动词和参与此动作的主语之间关系。语态分为主动Active V oice和被动Passive V oice两种。当主语是动作的发起者（或之一）时，称为主动语态；如果主语为动作的承受者时，称为被动语态。例如：“猫吃老鼠。”这句话是主动语态；而“老鼠被猫吃。”则是被动语态。一点意见，我觉得这些语法太简单了被动语态强调动作的对象或动作本身，句中主语是动作的受动者。分析句子时找到主语和谓语动词，如果主语并非主动行为，而是接受动作，是动作指向的对象，那么该句就是被动句。被动语态的基本构成为： be动词+及物动词过去分词。其中be动词随着句子的不同时态发生相应变化，并要注意随主语人称、单复数变化而使用正确形式。 1）一般现在时：am／is／are＋V-ed 2）一般过去时：was／were＋V-ed 3）一般将来时：will／shall be＋V-ed 4）现在进行时：am／is／are being＋V-ed 5）过去进行时：was / were being + V-ed 6）现在完成时：have／has been＋V-ed 7）过去完成时：had been＋V-ed 8）将来完成时：shall / will have been + V-ed 9）过去将来完成时：would / should have been + V-ed 例如：1）All kinds of commodities made in China are widely used in many American families. 这句中文翻译漏了吧。 2）The package was delivered yesterday.包裹是昨天快递发出的。 3）People will be paid for their contribution.人们的奉献会收到回报的。 4）The food is being prepared.吃的已经在准备了。 5）Were all experiments being carried out when your professor asked? 你们教授询问的时候各项实验在进行中了吗？ 6）The arrangements of this trip have been made for you.这次旅行的筹备工作已经为你们做好了。 7）We had been given visas for three months.我们拿到签证已经三个月了。 8）The government promises refugees will have been settled down well by then. 政府承诺难民们到那时都会被安顿得很好。 9）The general considered that the bridge would have been mended before the troops could pass.将军认为部队通过前那桥应该已经修好了。被动语态一般不常出现将来进行时和各种完成进行时，但是也存在将来进行和完成进行的状况。以下给出一些例句，以供参考。将来进行时：will be being +V-ed 例如：There are so many mistakes in the editorial that will be being edited this time

英语的被动语态

一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。 1.Her house ___________(sell) last year. 2.The book __________(write) by a famous singer 30 years ago. 3.I ___________(tell) to post the letter, but I forgot. 4.He is a good teacher and ___________(love) by all of us. 5.He said that his wallet __________(steal) in the bus. 6.It’s very dangerous. Something must ______(do) to stop them. 7.English __________(teach) in every school here. 8.More money should _________(spend) on the work. 9.You _________(send) to the country to work next year. 10.You can’t use the office. It _____________(repair) now. 二、把下列句子改为被动句。 1.He broke his leg in the match. ________________________________________ 2.He is repairing the machine. ________________________________________ 3.He has finished his work. ________________________________________ 4.We often sing this song. ________________________________________ 5.We must do something to help her. ________________________________________ 三、选择填空。 1.The big room ___________for meetings. A.are using B.will use C.can use D.can be used 2.The Great Wall _________ all over the world. A.has known B.was knowing C.is known D.knows 3.The work _________ at once. A.must do B.should be done C.is do D.does 4.The bird ________ fly away yesterday. A.let to B.is let to C.was let D.was let to 5.Water ________ into ice. A.will change B.canbe change C.should change D.must be change 6.Where _______ rice _______? A.does, grow B.will grow C.is, growing D.in, grown 7. A strange sound _________ last night. A.was heard B.hears C.heard D.is heard 8.Plays ______ once a month in this theatre. A.put on B.are put on C.was put on D.puts on 9.The Great Wall _____ by visitors all over the world every year. A.are visited B.will be visited C.is visiting D.is visited https://www.360docs.net/doc/94921746.html,lions of trees ______ in a few years’ time. A.will plant B.will be planted C.planted D.are plant 11.Many trees ________ these years. A.are planted B.have been planted C.plant D.will plant 12.The key _________ for locking the classroom door. A.was B.is used C.is using https://www.360docs.net/doc/94921746.html,e 13.---When _____ this kind of computer _____?---Two years ago. A.was…used B.did…use C.is…used D.does…use 14.About 500 cars _______ in the factory next month. A. produced B.will produce C.will be produced D.produce