【英语】高考英语试题真题分类汇编情态动词及解析
【英语】高考英语试题真题分类汇编情态动词及解析
一、单项选择情态动词
1．—Daddy, would you please buy me an iPhoneX?
—If you can pass this midterm examination, you __________ have one as a reward.
A．must B．need
C．would D．shall
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意：爸爸，你可以给我买部iPhone X吗？--如果你通过考试，你就会得到一部作为奖励。A. must一定；B. need必要；C. would将，会；D. shall会。根据语境可知，这句话是父亲对子女的允诺，故选D。
【点睛】
shall的用法。
1. shall作为助动词，一般用于第一人称Ⅰ和We，表示一个将来的动作，构成将来时态。shall后面接动词原形。例如：
（1）I shall think it over and Let you know my idea.我将考虑一下此事，然后告诉你我的想法。
（2）We shall have a good time in the park.我们在公园里会玩得很高兴的。
2. shall用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意愿。如：What shall we do this evening?
3. shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。如：Shall we begin our lesson? When shall he be able to leave the hospital?
4. shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。如：You shall fail if you don't work harder. （警告） He shall have the book when I finish reading. （允诺）He shall be punished. （威胁）
比如本题，根据语境可知，这句话是父亲对子女的允诺，故选D。
2．You ________ give me a lift. I want to walk home for exercise.
A．needn’t B．couldn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意：你不必让我搭车。我想步行回家锻炼身体。A. needn’t不必；B. couldn’t不能；C. can’t不会；D. mustn’t禁止，不允许。根据I want to walk home for exercise.可知，你不必让我搭车。故选A。
考点：考查情态动词
3．—Did you attend the meeting for the experiment project yesterday?
—Yes, but I don’t think I ____ because my director was there.
A．need to have B．need to C．needed to D．need have
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查情态动词+have done。句意：——你昨天参加实验项目的会议了吗?——是的，但我想我（本来）不需要，因为我的主管在那里。Think/suppose等宾语从句中如果有否定词时，要把从句的否定词not前移，即“否定前移”。所以not是从句中的否定词。“need have done”意为“本来有必要做而未做”；“needn’t have done”指过去本来没必要做而做了。根据上一句时间状语“yesterday”可知本句指的是过去发生的事。结合第二句“because my director was there(我的主管)在”可推断出，我本来不必要去。故选D。
4．Look! There are so many mistakes in your composition. You ________ have fixed full attention on it.
A．can B．should
C．need D．might
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意：看！你的作文里有那么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它上面的。表示“本应该做但实际上没有做”应该用should have done结构，can have done 表示可能；need表示需要；might have done表示可能做过某事；故选B。
5．Mr. Baker, some students want to see you. ______ they wait here or outside?
A．May B．Should C．Shall D．Will
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查Shall的用法。句意：贝克先生，有些学生想见你。他们是在这里等还是在外面
等?Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。故选C。
【点睛】
Shall的用法
Shall作为助动词，一般用于第一人称Ⅰ和We，表示一个将来的动作，构成将来时态。Shall后面接动词原形。例如：
（1）I shall think it over and Let you know my idea.我将考虑一下此事，然后告诉你我的想法。
（2）We shall have a good time in the park.我们在公园里会玩得很高兴的。常考的特殊用法
1. Shall用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意愿。如：What shall we do this evening?
2. Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。如：Shall we begin our lesson?When shall he be able to leave the hospital?
3. Shall用于第二、第三人称，表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。如：You shall fail if you don't work harder. （警告）
He shall have the book when I finish reading. （允诺）
He shall be punished. （威胁）
6．—_______ you disturb me now? I’m busy preparing a report.
— Terribly sorry, but I have something urgent to tell you.
A．Need B．Should C．Might D．Must
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词特殊用法。句意：—你非要现在打扰我吗？我正在准备一份报告。—真对不起，但是我怕有紧急事情告诉你。A. Need需要；B. Should 应该；C. Might也许；D. Must 必须；一定；偏偏，非得；根据语境可知must表示“偏偏，非得”符合上下文语境，用来指责对方。故D项正确。
7．—You rang me up at about 10:00 last night, didn't you?
—No, I didn't phone you. It someone else.
A．must have been B．could be C．must be D．could have been 【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词+have done。句意：“昨晚10点左右你给我打了电话，是吗？”“不，我没给你打电话。一定是别人干的。” must have done 是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”，结合语境可知，我没有打电话给你，因此猜测一定有别人给你打了电话。故选A 项。
8．If we had paid enough attention to the issue of the heavily-overloaded vehicles, the tragedy of the collapse of an overpass in Wuxi _____ avoided.
A．should B．could be C．should have been D．could have been 【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词用法。句意：如果我们对超载车辆问题给予足够的重视，就可以避免无锡立交桥垮塌的悲剧。本句为“情态动词+have done”结构，结合句意表示“本来可以；本来能够”应用could have done结构，且主语与谓语动词avoid构成被动关系，故应用be done形
式。故选D。
【点睛】
情态动词+have done的结构和用法有以下几种：
一、must have done sth.“一定做了某事”。表示对过去事情的较有把握的推测，这时只能用在肯定句中，“肯定/必须已经干过……”，在否定句和疑问句中用can’t或couldn’t或can/ could，例如：
1.From what you said, she must have told you all about it. 从你的话看，她一定告诉了你所有的事情。
二、can/could have done sth.本来能够做某事，而实际上未做；
1.But we could have done it all so much better. 但是，我们本可以把这一切做得更好。
三、can't/couldn't have done sth.不可能做过某事；
1. We could't have done it without you.
没有你我们办不成这事。
四、ought to/should have done sth.过去本应该做某事而实际上并没有做。
You should have done it when you first saw them blooming this spring. 你应该在今年春天第一次看到它们盛开的时候就挖一些的。
2.Even if it’s something you should have done earlier in the week or missed a detail on.
甚至你在一个星期前的就提早完成了一件事或者忽略了一个小细节。
9．Our English teacher is considerate，helpful，and warm-hearted，but sometimes
she________________ be angry at our silly mistakes.
A．should B．must
C．can D．shall
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意：我们的英语老师很体贴、乐于助人、热心肠，但有时她可能为我们愚蠢的错误而发火。can表示一种客观的可能性，但不一定会发生，故C项正确。
10．—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.
—Oh, it's too bad. You________ have made full preparations.
A．must B．can C．would D．should
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词+have done结构。句意：—对不起，妈妈，我面试又失败了。—噢，那太糟糕了，你应该做好充分准备的。A.must必须；B.can可以；C.would将会；D.should应该。这里是情态+have done的结构的虚拟语气，can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过……吗？”；could+have+done，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来
能够做某事而没有做；must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句；should+have+done意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做”。故选D
【名师点睛】
情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词，但它不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词是每年高考的热点也是难点，每年单项填空题必考一题。考点集中在：情态动词表示推测的基本用法及区别，情态动词否定式的用法辨析，“情态动词+have done”的用法区别等。
11．The weather turned out to be fine. I _____________ the trouble to carry the umbrella with me.
A．should have taken B．must have taken
C．couldn't have taken D．needn't have taken
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词 + have done。句意：天气转晴了。我本不必费心把伞带在身边。A. should have taken本应该做某事，而实际上没做； B. must have taken对过去发生的事情的肯定猜测；C. couldn't have taken不可能；D. needn't have taken本来不需要，故选D。
12．—What’s wrong with you?
—Oh, I am sick. I ________ so much ice cream just now.
A．shouldn’t eat B．mustn’t eat
C．couldn’t have eaten D．shouldn’t have eaten
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意：——你怎么了？——我生病了，我刚才不应该吃那么多冰激凌。A. shouldn’t eat不应该吃；B. mustn’t eat禁止吃；C. couldn’t have eaten不可能吃；D. sho uldn’t have eaten本来不应该吃。根据just now可知，是发生在过去，故选D。
13．It is really cold and the ground is wet; it ________ have rained last night.
A．might B．must
C．can D．should
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词辨析。句意：天气很冷而且地面是湿的，昨晚一定下了雨。根据上文the
ground is wet可知，“昨晚下了雨”是肯定的，故用must have done“必定做了……”表示对过
去十分有把握的推测，故选B。
【点睛】
must have done用法辨析
must have done：表示对过去的肯定的逻辑推测，推定某件事情、动作或状态可能在过去发生过（存在过）。
He must have been a doctor, for he knows medicine so well. 他过去肯定是一位医生，他对医学如此了解。
Somebody must have stolen the ring. 肯定有人偷了这枚戒指. [该句所推断的偷窃动作发生在过去.]
The temperature must have dropped to below zero last night, because the water is frozen all over.昨夜的温度肯定降到零度以下，因为水都冻住了。
如果“must + have + 过去分词”句型与by now连用，还可以表示对现在完成的动作和状态的肯定推测，但实质上还是指所推测的过去的动作。例如：
They started early this morning; they must have arrived by now. 他们今晨很早就出发了，现在肯定已经到了。
中国学生的常见病句是：They...; they certainly have arrived.病句的句义是“他们当然已经到
达了。”（这不是对过去的肯定推测，而是断定动作已经完成。）
14．Ann said whenever her father was unhappy he ________ go out and buy something, usually something large and useless.
A．should B．could
C．would D．might
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意：安说无论什么时候她父亲不高兴的时候，他就会出去买些东西，通常是一些又大又没用的东西。A. should应该；B. could能；C. would总是，愿意；D. might 可能。此处表示过去经常习惯做某事，故选C。
15．Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He many times last week.
A．need have practised B．might practise
C．must have practised D．could practise
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意：保罗在演讲比赛中表现得很好。他上星期一定练习了很多次。must have done是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”。故C选项正确。
16．—I have something important to tell John. But I can’t find him.
—His cell phone is here, so he ________ have gone too far.
A．mustn’t B．needn’t
C．wouldn’t D．can’t
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意：——我有重要的事情要告诉John，但是我找不到他。——他的手机在这儿，所以他不可能走得太远。根据句意可知，此处是对过去的一种猜测，此处是表达不可能……，用can’t have done。故选D。
17．Traveling by subway ______ sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour.
A．must B．can C．shall D．should
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意：乘地铁旅行有时可能相当冒险，尤其是在交通高峰期。A. must必须；一定；B. can能够；可能；C. shall将会；D. should应该；应当。本句中can表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力），故选B。
18．We ______ have watered these flowers yesterday. Today’s rain wil l be too much for them. A．can’t B．shouldn’t C．may not D．mustn’t
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意：我们昨天不应该给这些花浇水。今天的雨对他们来说太大了。A. can’t不可能；B. shouldn’t不应该；C. may not或许不会；D. mustn’t禁止，不允许。情态动词的完成时should’t have done“本不应该做而做了”。根据Today’s rain will be too much for them.可知，此处指昨天不应该给这些花浇水。故选B。
【点睛】
情态动词+ have done结构：
1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测，语气比较坚定，通常只用于肯定句。如：It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.
2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句，could的语气较can弱。如：He can't have finished the work so soon.
3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推
测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句，疑问句改用can或could，如：They may not have known it beforehand.
4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情，或过去做某事纯属多余，如：I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.
5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做，其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了，这种句式含有不满或责备之意，ought to的语气比should强一些。如：You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的。（但没有）
He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that.他本来就不该做那件事。（可是做了）
6.“would + have + 过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测，或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况，但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意。如：I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.
Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.
19．—What does the sign over there read？
—“No person___smoke or carry a lighted cigarette,cigar or pipe in this area.”
A．will B．may
C．shall D．must
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词辨析。句意：---那边的牌子上写的是什么?---任何人不得在本地区吸烟或携带点燃的香烟、雪茄或烟斗。A. will表示现在的意志、愿望等，意为要，希望； B. may表示许可，或用于请求许可，意为可，可以；C. shall在陈述句中用于第二人称或第三人称，表示说话者的意志、命令、约定、决心、警告、威胁、预言等，意为必须，应该，要，得，给； D. must意为必须, 要,应当。分析句意可知，词句表示任何都不准在这个区域吸烟或携带点着的香烟、雪茄或烟斗。故选C项。
20．—It's so cold here! Why haven't you turned on your air-conditioner?
—Well, it ______ turn on.
A．shouldn't B．can't C．won't D．shan't
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意：——这里太冷了！你为什么不把空调打开呢？——嗯，这个空调老是打不开。A. shouldn't不应该；B. can't不能；C. won't偏偏不，老是不，此处是表示习惯或倾向；D. shan't不会。这里使用will的否定won't表示事物的自然属性“空调总是开不开”。故选C项。
21．We’ll make the final decision on our scheme. ______ you change your mind, please inform us as soon as possible.
A．Should B．Were C．Would D．Had
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：我们将对我们的计划做最后决定。如果你改变主意，请尽快通知我们。根据语境，此处用虚拟语气，表示与将来相反，从句用should+动词原形，省略if，should提前，陈述句是：If you should change your mind……。故选A。
【点睛】
虚拟语气中的倒装
当虚拟条件句中含有 were，had，should时，可以将if省略，然后将 were，had，should，移至句首：
1）If he should fail, he would kill himself.
→Should he fail, he would kill himself.
万一失败，他就会自杀。
2）If I were you, I would do it at once.
→Were I you, I would do it at once.
假若我是你，我就会马上做。
要是我能做此事，我一定会做。
3）If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.
→Had he seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it.
他昨天要是看到了你，他就会问你这事了。
该小题属于上述的第一种情况。should作为情态动词，有一种特殊的用法：在虚拟条件状语从句中表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，可以把should放在句首，即主语前，从而省略从属连词if。原来的表述为：If you should change your mind。故选A。
22．—Jim ________ what I said annoying though he didn’t say anything.
— So you mean you will have to apologize to him?
A．must find B．might find C．should have found D．must have found 【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查must have done结构。句意：——吉姆一定觉得我说的话很让人烦，尽管他什么也没说。——所以你是说你得向他道歉？根据“though he didn’t say anything.”可知此处表示对过去事情的肯定推测，用must have done表示“过去一定做了……”，故D项正确。
23．—Peter, you delivered a wonderful speech today.
—Thanks, but I think I ______ more attention to my stage manners during that time.
A．must pay B．should pay
C．must have paid D．should have paid
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词+have done。句意：---彼得，你今天的演讲很精彩。---谢谢，但我认为在那段时间我应该多注意我的舞台礼仪。should have done表示本应该做某事而实际上没有做某事。由“but”可知，我那段时间本应该多注意我的舞台礼仪，而实际上并没有注意。故选D 项。
24．—May you live longer, grandpa!
—Thank you! It's the favorite wish I _____.
A．should have waited for B．must have waited for
C．may have waited for D．could have waited for
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词+‘have done’形式。句意：—爷爷祝您长寿！—谢谢，这是我能够等待到的最喜欢的愿望。A. should have waited for 本应该等待； B. must have waited for 一定在等待；
C. may have waited for可能已经等待；
D. could have waited for可以已经等待的。
表示可以等到的愿望用could have waited for。故选D。
【点睛】
情态动词have done不仅是高中英语教学的重点和难点，也是高考的重点。情态动词have done有两大功能：一是表示推测；二是表示虚拟。
must have done过去一定做了某事，根据must的本意即可推敲出意思，比较好理解。The lights were out. They must have been asleep. 灯灭了，他们应该睡觉了。
should have done本该做某事却没做，should是应该，重点记忆最后的结果是没做某事。You should have told her that you loved her.你本应该告诉她你爱她。
could have done字面意思是可能已经做了某事，也可用作本能做却没做某事，重点记忆最后的结果是没做。
You could have reviewed, but you played games all night.你本可以复习的，但你一晚上都在玩游戏。
may have done也许已经做了某事。
25．Every coin has two sides. Beautiful songs, sometimes, ________ just be noise to others.
A．must B．should C．may D．would
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意：任何事物都有两面性。美丽的歌曲，有时候，对别人来说也许是噪音。A. must一定，表示肯定推测；B. should应该；C. may也许，可能；D. would将会，表示对将来的推测。分析句子可知，此处应该表示可能的推测，“美丽的歌曲，有时候，对别人来说也许是噪音。”。结合选项，故选C。
26．Skills like critical thinking and analysis ________ be found on the Internet, because they must be acquired in the context of facts.
A．can’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’t
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：像批判性思维和分析这样的能力，是不能在互联网上找到的，因为它们必须基于事实来获得。A. can’t无法，不可能；B. needn’t不需要；C. mustn’t 不可以，禁止；D. shouldn’t不应该。本题讲的是这种批判性思维的能力无法通过浏览鱼龙混杂的网上信息获得，表达的是客观上的不可能，故选A。
27．—I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.
—It true because there was little snow there.
A．may be not B．won’t be C．couldn’t be D．mustn’t be
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词辨析。句意：我听说他们去年冬天去山里滑雪。--不可能是真的，因为那里几乎没有雪。A. may be not可能不；B. won’t be 不会；C. couldn’t be不可能是；D. mustn’t be禁止。根据because there was little snow there.可知这里是否定推测，couldn’t be“不可能是”符合句意，故选C项。
28．-- Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.
---Thanks. You _______ it. I could manage it myself.
A．needn’t do B．shouldn’t have done C．mustn’t do D．needn’t have done 【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词辨析。句意: ---凯瑟琳，我已经为你打扫了房间。 - - -谢谢。你本不必这么做的。我自己能行。A. needn’t do不必做某事；B. shouldn’t have done本不应该做某事； C.
mustn’t do禁止做某事；D. needn’t have done本不必做某事。由“Thanks. I could manage it mysel f”可知，needn’t have done“ 本不必做某事，而实际上做了某事”符合句意。故选D 项。
29．--Is Jack still in hospital?
--Yes. He _________ the bad food.
A．wouldn’t eat B．shouldn’t eat
C．wouldn’t have eaten D．shouldn’t have eaten
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意;--杰克孩子医院吗？--是，他本不应该吃坏的食物的。因为是过去吃了坏食物，所以排除AB，这里的shouldn’t have done表示“过去本不应该做而做了”，wouldn’t have done过去本不会做而做了，所以选D。
考点：考查情态动词和虚拟语气
30．You _____ be right but I’m going back to check anyway.
A．should B．must C．need D．might
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意：你或许是对的，但我还是要回去核对一下。A. should应该；B. must 一定，必须；C. need需要；D. might或许。本题主要考查情态动词表示推测的用法，由I’m going back to check anyway可知，我对此不确定。由此可知，D项符合题意。故选D项。【点睛】
can / could用于表推测的用法
(1) 从使用句型上看，can 通常只用于否定句或疑问句，一般不用于肯定句，而could 可用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句。两者没有时间上的差别，只是could 比 can 更委婉，更不确定。
(2) 从时间关系看，对现在或将来情况作推测，后接动词原形；对正在进行的情况作推测，后接 be doing 结构；对过去情况作推测，后接动词完成式。
二、 may / might用于表推测的用法
表示推测，两者都可用，只是 might 比 may 语气更不确定，表示的可能性更小。如本题，根据I’m going back to check anyway可知，我对此不确定。由此可知，D项符合题意。(1) 在句型使用方面：两者均可用于肯定句和否定句，但用于疑问句时，may通常不用于句首，但可用于疑问句的句中（如特殊疑问句等），而might尽管可以用于疑问句的句首，但不算普通，通常会改用其他句式（如用could等）。
三、must表示推测的用法
must 表示很有把握的推测，其意为“一定会”“肯定会”，只用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句或疑问句。表示对现在或未来的情况作推测，后接动词原形；表示对过去情况的推测，接
动词完成式。
31． ---Is Jack on duty today?
---It ________ be him. It's his turn tomorrow.
A．mustn't B．won't C．can't D．needn't
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词表示推测。句意：--今天杰克值日吗？--不可能是他。明天该轮到他。can’t be 用于否定推测“不可能是”，must表示推测的时候，表示“肯定是”，won’t不愿意，needn’t 不必，故选C。
32．--- Oh, my God! I just missed the last bus back home.
--- That’s really bad. I’m sure you ______ it, but you just didn’t hurry up.
A．had caught B．could have caught C．could catch D．can catch
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词+have done结构。句意：——哦,我的上帝!我刚好错过了回家的末班车。——这是非常糟糕的。我肯定你能赶上，但你就是不抓紧。could have done“本来能做而没有做”。故选B。
33．---Hi, Johnson, any idea where Susan is?
---It is class time, so she __________ in the classroom now.
A．can be B．must have been
C．might have been D．should be
【答案】D
【解析】
考查情态动词的用法。A. can be可能，可以是；B. must have been一定（对过去事实肯定的推测）；C. might have been可能（对过去事实肯定的推测）；D. should be应该是。句意：—知道苏珊在哪里吗？—现在是上课时间，她应该在教室里。故答案选D。
34．-- Turn off the TV, Jack. _______ your homework now?
-- Mum, just ten more minutes, please.
A．Will you be doing B．Should you be doing
C．Shouldn't you be doing D．Couldn’t you be doing
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查含情态动词的进行时态。句意：——把电视关掉，杰克。你现在不应该做作业吗?——妈妈，请再给我十分钟。此处表示目前应该在做某事，should“应该”，这里用含情态动词的进行时态，故选C。
35．---He was satisfied with the result, wasn't he?
---No. It was so difficult that he __________have passed it.
A．shouldn't B．mustn't
C．couldn' t D．wouldn't
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。A. shouldn't 不应该；B. mustn't禁止，不允许；C. couldn' t 不可能；D. wouldn't不会。句意：---他对结果很满意，是吗? ---不。考试太难了，他不可能通过。固定结构：couldn' t have done“不可能做某事”，此处是对过去事情有把握的否定推测。故选C。
【点睛】
情态动词+ have done结构：
1.“must + have + 过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如：It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.
2.“can / could + have + 过去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could一般用于否定句和疑问句,could的语气较can弱.如：He can't have finished the work so soon.
3.“may / might + have + 过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推
测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如：They may not have known it beforehand.
4.“need + have + 过去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如：I needn't have bought so much wine—only five people came.
5.“should / ought to + have + 过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to的语气比should强一些.如：
You ought to / should have studied harder.你本应该更努力学习的.（但没有）
He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that.他本来就不该做那件事.（可是做了）
6.“would ＋ have ＋过去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should或ought to那样含有责备之意.如：
I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.
Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.
36．The new supermarket has announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day ________ get a big prize.
A．must B．could
C．would D．shall
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词的用法。句意：新开业的超市宣布，开业当天首先购物的人会得到大奖。shall 用于二三人称的陈述句中可以表示说话人的承诺，命令，警告等，此处表示超市的承诺，故选D。
37．I ______ worry about my weekend—I always have my plans ready before it comes. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．daren’t D．needn’t
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意：我没有必要担心我的周末，我总是在周末到来之前做好计划。A. can’t 不可能;B. mustn’t禁止;C. daren’t不敢; D .needn’t没有必要。由“I always have my plan s ready before it comes ”可知，needn’t “没有必要” 符合句意。故选D。
38．–Will you read me a story, Mummy?
--OK. You ______have one if you go to bed as soon as possible.
A．might B．must C．could D．shall
【答案】D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意：——妈妈，给我讲个故事好吗？——好，如果你尽快上床睡觉，我就给你讲一个。might表示“或许”；must表示“必须”；could表示“可能”；shall在此处表示“允诺”，符合句意，故选择D项。
39．—How long shall we wait here?
—The first bus set out earlier than usual today and _____ be here any time, I think. A．should B．might C．can D．must
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词表推测。句意：—我们要在这里等多久？—首班车比往常发车的时间早了，我推测可能会在任意时间到达。should 用于表示‘事实上的可能性’或者‘推测’，多用于肯定句。故选A。
40．—I phoned you yesterday morning. A girl answered, but I didn’t recognize the voice.
—Oh, it ________ my younger sister. She was in my room at that moment.
A．must have been B．should have been
C．could have been D．may have been
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查情态动词。句意：—昨天上午我给你打电话。一个女孩回答的，但我没听出谁的声音。—哦，那一定是我妹妹。她那一刻正在我的房间里。情态动词加动词的现在完成式形式，表示对过去的推测。A. must have been表示一定做了某事。用于肯定推测；B. should have been 本应该，表示应该做而没有做某事。C. could have been用于肯定句时，表示可能做了某事。更常用于否定推测；D. may have been可能做过某事。表示可能性很小。结合语境判断，表示非常肯定的推测，故选A。
高考英语情态动词专题复习
情态动词精品学案 情态动词解读: ①本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词。 ②不能单独作谓语。 ③和其他动词原形构成谓语。 ④谓语动词之前。 ⑤无人称和数的变化。 ⑥否定式构成是在情态动词后面加“not”。 ⑦个别情态动词有现在式和过去式两种形式，过去式可以用来表达更加客气、委婉的语气，时态性不强，可用于过去，现在或 将来。 经典例句： We can be there on time tomorrow. 我们明天能按时去那儿。 May I have your name? 我能知道你的名字吗？ Shall we begin now? 我们现在就开始吗？ How dare you treat us like that! 你怎么敢那样对待我们! We can't carry the heavy box. 我们搬不动那箱子。 情态动词考点： 1.情态动词表示推测。 2.情态动词的基本用法。 3.情态动词的答语。 1 / 17
常见情态动词： 情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。 情态动词的基本用法： 一、can, could 1) 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）时，等于be able to 。 a)Can you lift this heavy box?（体力） b)Are you able to lift this heavy box? c)Mary can speak three languages.（知识） d)Is Mary able to speak three languages? e)Can you skate?（技能） 此时可用be able to代替。 2) can表示请求和允许。 -----Can I go now? ----- Yes, you can. / No, you can’t. 此时可与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could, might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。（特别注明：这是在表示请求和允许的时候。） ---- Could I come to see you tomorrow? ---- Yes, you can. (No, I’m afraid not. ) can't在否定句中可以表示命令，不允许，但是语气比mustn't弱，具有劝慰的意思. 3)can表示“有时会”： A kind person can lose temper sometimes. 4）表示与五种感官和知觉的动词连用。 I can hear/ see you clearly from here. You can imagine how annoyed she was ! 2 / 17
十年高考(2004-2014)英语试题分类解析 代词
十年高考 2014最新命题题库大全 2004-2014高考英语试题分类解析 代词 (2014安徽卷)24．You can ask anyone for help. ______ here is willing to lend you a hand. A. One B. No one C. Everyone D. Someone 【答案】C 【解析】考查代词。句意：你可以向任何人求助，这里的每个人都乐意帮助你。one意为“某一个人或物”，代替可数名词单数，表示泛指；no one相当于nobody意为“没有人”；everyone 意为“每个人”，强调全体；someone意为“某一个人”。根据句意可知，空格处用everyone，强调所有人都愿意帮助你。故C正确。 (2014山东卷)4. Susan made______ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. A. that B. this C. it D. her 【答案】C 【解析】考查代词。句意：苏珊向我讲清楚了希望有自己的新生活。It可代替不定式、动名词、从句做形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末。句中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的宾语从句that she wished to make a new life for herself。故C正确。 (2014福建卷) 21. In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in______, knives and forks. A. another B. others C. both D. all 【答案】B 【解析】考查代词。句意：在一些国家，人们用筷子吃饭，而在另一些国家里，人们使用刀叉。Another泛指指三者或三者以上中的另一个；others泛指其他的人或物；both指两者都……；all指三者或三者以上都……。句中用others指代其他国家。故B正确。 (2014江苏卷)34. Good families are much to all their members, but______ to none. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 【答案】C 【解析】考查代词。句意：优秀的家庭对家庭成员们来说意义重大，却不代表一切。something
高考英语真题分类汇编各种题型全汇总
阅读理解 专题一广告信息类 2018年 Passage 1 2018全国卷Ⅰ，6分话题：骑自行车在华盛顿特区观光词数：274 Washington,D.C. Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. Duration:3 hours This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability —and the cherry blossoms — disappear! Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration:3 hours(4 miles) Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. Duration:3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D.C. newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour Duration:3 hours(7 miles) Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington, D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights. 1. Which tour do you need to book in advance? A. Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. B. Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour. C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D.C. D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour. 2. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour? A. Meet famous people. B. Go to a national park. C. Visit well-known museums. D. Enjoy interesting stories. 3. Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide? A. City maps. B. Cameras. C. Meals.
2017中考英语真题分类汇编名词
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高考英语试题分类汇编阅 读理解 RUSER redacted on the night of December 17,2020
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