法语倒装句

法语倒装句
法语倒装句

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倒装句

主语和谓语倒装。该句型属于优雅语,用于书面语或者正规场合。倒装分为简单倒装和复杂倒装。

1. 简单倒装

当疑问句主语为人称代词,泛指代词on,指示代词ce时,直接置于谓语后。(若谓语为复合时态,则置于助动词之后)

Ex. êtes-vous étudiant ?

Avez-vous joué au football hier ?

注意:V a-t-il chez ses parents ?

2. 复杂倒装

直接疑问句当主语为名词(名词词组),主有代词(le mien...),指示代词(celui..., ce 除外),泛指代词(tout..., on除外)时,主语名词或代词位置不变,在谓语后加上一个与主语同性同数的第三人称代词(il,elle或ils, elles).

EX. Les enfants sont à l’école ?

Les enfants sont-ils à l’école ? (V)

Sont les enfants à l’école ? (X)

PS:动词pouvoir,主语je 倒装时,由于发音,要改成puis-je, 而不是peux-je.

Pourquoi 必须使用复杂倒装

Ex. Pourquoi Jean pleure-t-il ?

Pourquoi pleure Jean ? (X)

使用倒装情况:

1. 句首的疑问词未que(作直宾或表语),句子主语为名词时,不能使用复杂倒装

形式。

Ex. Que fait le professeur ?

Que le professeur fait-il ? (X)

2. 从句中只有动词和谓语

Ex. Dan la ville ou passe les voitures,c’est la fete.

3. 在感叹句中:

EX. Est-il courageux ! 他多么勇敢啊!

4. 下面一些副词如位于句首,一般采用主谓倒装结构:aussi , ?peine , du

moins , sans doute , ainsi , encore , en vain , toujours , peut-êt re

EX. A peine le soleil se fut-il levé, les touristes se mirent en route.

5. 在comme , ainsi que , plus que 等比较连词后:

EX. Comme disait le maire , ce problème reste a résoudre.

6. 出于修辞需要,为使句子显得生动,或为了避免主语过长而显得头重脚轻,也可采

用主谓倒装结构。

EX Marchent bien les affaires ét rangères. 外交事务进展顺利。

EX Reste ?résoudre le problème de la pollution.

7. 标语口号类,诗歌:Interdire de fumer / Vive la France!

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倒装句

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③遂率子孙荷担者三夫. (遂率荷担者子孙三夫) ④太子及宾客知其事者,皆白衣冠以送之. (知其事者太子及宾客) ⑤人马烧溺死者甚众. (烧溺死者人马甚众) ⑥亦雁荡具体而微者. (亦具体而微者雁荡) ⑦客有吹洞箫者,倚歌而和之. (有吹洞箫者客) ⑧人马冻死者相望. (冻死者人马相望) ⑨当其时,巫行视小家女好者. (当其时,巫行视小家好者女) ⑩楚人有涉江者(有涉江者楚人)

2.中心语+之+定语 ,“之”是定语后置的标志. ①蚓无爪牙之利,筋骨之强. (蚓无利爪牙,强筋骨) ②居庙堂之高则忧其民,处江湖之远则忧其君.(居高庙堂则忧其民,处远江湖则忧其君) ③四海之大,有几人欤? (大四海,有几人欤?) ④带长铗之陆离兮,冠切云之崔嵬. (带陆离长铗,冠崔嵬切云——佩着长长的宝剑,戴着高高的切云帽)3.中心语+之(而)+定语+者,“之”是定语后置的标志 . ①石之铿然有声者,所在皆是也.

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倒装句改写及练习1

、把下列句子改写为倒装句 1.I have never seen such wonderful pictures in my life. 2.He seldom paints now. 3.I had hardly got to Amsterdam when it began to snow. 4.John not only loves Chinese, he is also good at speaking it. 5.Tom didn ' t begin his homework unt i ls h mother returned. 6.They didn ' t find the lost bike until last week. 7.Look! The bus is coming. (用here改写) 8.Listen! The bell is ringing. (用there改写) 9.Mr. White came in. 10.The boy went away. 11.A pine tree stands on the top of the hill. 1.I have never seen such wonderful pictures in my life. 2.I was bored at no time during the tour. 3.He seldom paints now. 4.I had hardly got to Amsterdam when it began to snow. 5.John not only loves Chinese, he is also good at speaking it. 6.You can learn as much about European artists only on such a trip. 7.I realized the importance of math only then. 8.He wasable to get happily back to work only when the war was over in 1918. 9.Li Ming enjoyed the museum. His grand-mother enjoyed it, too. 10.I was not impressed by the paintings, and he was not impressed by them, either. 11.The art gallery was so crowded that I could hardly move about. 12.He speaks English so fluently that he is thought of a native. 13.He is such a brave man that we simply adore him. 14.Tom didn ' t begin his homework until his mother returned. 15.They didn ' t find the lost bike until last week. 16.If you were a teacher, what would you do then? 17.If we had made adequate preparations, the party would have been a success. 18.If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 19.Look! The bus is coming. (用here改写) 20.Listen! The bell is ringing. (用there改写) 21.Mr. White came in. 22.The boy went away. 23.A pine tree stands on the top of the hill. 28.Though he is a child, he knows a lot. 29.Though I like it much, I won ' t buy it, for it 's too expensive. 30.Though he might try, he could not find a job.

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