上海市黄浦区2015届高三英语一模试卷及答案(官方版)解读

上海市黄浦区2015届高三上学期期终调研测试（一模）

英语试卷

II. Grammar and Vocabulary

Section A

Directions:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.

（A）

The Problem with Top-School Lists

There are around 4,000 accredited universities and other higher education institution in the United States. They offer an immense range of educational experiences, 25__________large research universities to small, friendly liberal arts colleges. This helps explain 26_________the United States attracts more international students than any other country, says Allan E. Goodman, president of the Institute of International Education, 27___________non-profit group promoting student exchanges to and from American.

“While elite(精英) U.S programs are among the top ten in the world,” Goodman says, “the unique strength of the U.S. higher education system is diversity.”

There is no official ranking system to indicate which institutions are better than others, 28__________several unofficial rankings are listed by magazines and associations. However, educators urge caution in using a ranking table and emphasize that 29___________(good) choice for one student may be very different for another.

Institutions of all types 30___________(spread) across the United States. Some students want a campus that will give them the excitement and rich cultural life of a big city such as New York, Chicago, or Los Angeles. 31__________value the peace and beauty of a rural setting, whether the quiet forests and snowy winters of the Northeast, subtropical Florida, the dry expanse of the West, or the Pacific coast with its seashore and nearby mountains.

Many institutions have particular strengths in certain academic areas, 32___________(make) them a good choice for students interested in those fields.

（B）

An evolving game

Asia has already become a cent er of the women’s professional game, and much of the growth in participation across the world is coming from women’s golf.

Family-friendly facilities 33___________(develop) for a new golfing demographic(人群) in the following years, 34__________ more women are playing the game and men and women are increasingly spending their leisure time together.

Children’s engagement with the game will increase. In China, golf is recognized as a game 35___________teaches children important life principles. Free golf training is offered to kinder-gartners and some parents are now prepared to spend up to 300,000 yuan a year on lessons for their children.

“Asia will play an increasingly vital role in the furture development of golf,” say top players past and present.

More top events will be added to the schedule in China and other places in Asia, 36__________ the game is becoming more popular. Back-to-back Open Champion Padraig Harrington agrees: You only

37___________ look at the European Tour’s schedule and see how many tourn aments are now being hosted by Asia, whether in the Middle East or Far East,” he says.

“Change is the price of survival,” says golf legend Gary Player, one of a handful of players 38__________(achieve) the Career Grand Slam(大满贯). “With the eyes of the spor t now firmly 39___________(focus) on Asia, I can see several of the world’s Top 10 coming from Asia and several more global tournaments hosted there by 2020.”

The game will also become more technologically engaged. Advances in digital technology will chang e the face of 40_________(coach) with “smart clubs” which memorizes golfers’s grip and swing, allowing them to analyze their performance and learn from their mistakes.

Section B

Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Do note that there is one word more than you need.

A. including

B. creation

C. extended

D. prohibited

E. suggestions

F. special

G. linking H. investment I. agreements J. coating K. legal

Last week, Verizon and Google proposed a plan they say could keep the Internet open while supporting _____41_____ in high-speed Internet service. Verizon has the nation's biggest wireless network while Google is the biggest Internet search engine. The proposal was a surprise because the two companies have been on opposite sides of the debate over net neutrality. That is the idea that all content on the Web should be treated equally. Internet service providers want to be able to charge more for heavy Internet traffic or users who want _____42 ____ services. The Federal Communications Commission regulates telephone, cable and satellite communications. But its power to regulate Internet service has been questioned in the courts. The new proposal calls for rules barring service providers from preventing users from sending and receiving _____43_____ information of any kind. Users also could not be prevented from _____44_____ any application, service or device they choose to the Web. And broadband Internet providers would be _____45_____ from discriminating against content and would have to be open about their policies. Supporters of net neutrality criticized the proposal for not _____46_____wireless providers. Wireless broadband is among the fastest growing parts of the Internet. Others oppose the _____47_____ of a "two-tiered" system on the Internet in which some content gets a fast lane and other content goes slowly.But Daniel Brenner says such a system already exists. DANIEL BRENNER: "In some ways there are two tiers today. In other words, there's the public Internet which we all use for Web surfing, e-mail and sometimes for voice. And then there are managed networks." Daniel Brenner is a partner at the law firm Hogan Lovells in Washington. He says service providers want to be able to charge more because they build networks out to their customers across the country. Such companies are the so-called "last mile" providers. But, the Internet is really a network of networks which exchange traffic all the time and compete with each other. And not all networks reach the last mile to a customer's door. Paul Kouroupas of Global Crossing says his company wants to make sure _____48_____ between service providers are honored on all networks. That way, a service promised by Global Crossing on its fiber optic network will be _____49_____ all the way to a customer's door — even if another company carries the service that last mile. The Verizon-Google proposal offers _____50_____ for a debate that is not likely to end soon. Daniel Brenner says the FCC needs clearer guidelines from Congress.

III. Reading Comprehension

Section A

Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.

Digital fingerprinting, fluctuations（波动）in the dollar exchange rate, and a mass of online information are some of the ways making travel to the United Nations in 2010 a different__51___ for international visitors than it was earlier in the 21st century.

These__52___ are evident before the visitors leaves his or her country.

In 2004, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security(DHS)——a department of the federal government established by laws and regulations in late 2002, after the September 11, 2001,terrorist attacks——established a new series of security__53__ for the international visitors holding non-U.S. passports or visas.

__54__ when these visitors apply for a visa, the officer___55___them reviews their application and supporting papers and collects both digital fingerprints and a digital photograph.

Recently, the waiting time for these interviews has been significantly__56__. According to Geoff Freeman, a senior vice president of public affairs of U.S. Travel, the trade organization for the U.S. travel industry, many prospective visa applicants now wait fewer than 30 days for an interview,___57___more than 100 days in the past.

The Visa Waiter Program(VWP)——which__58___citizens from countries that meet various security and other requirements from obtaining a visa for visits to the United States of 90 days or fewer for business or pleasure——___59___ 36 countries such as Australia, Austria,Belgium and so on.

A traveler from a country__60__ in the VWP must obtain an Electronic System for Travel Authorization(ESTA), an online travel authorization, established by DHS. ESTA determines, before the traveler boards a flight, whether the traveler is___61___to travel to the United States under the VWP and whether such travel poses any law implementation or security risks.

When an international traveler arrives in the United States, he or she must subject one of the two__62__ to the U.S. Customs and Boarder Protection(CBP)officer: either a white Form I-94, if the traveler has a visa, or a green Form I-94W, if the traveler is a VWP participant. The CBP officer asks the traveler questions about his or her stay, scans the traveler’s fingerprints, and takes a digital photograph. ___63___, VWP travelers, who are not required to obtain a visa, will soon need to pay a fee. The travelers keeps a portion of the I-94 or I-94W form after the CBP___64___ and returns it to CBP upon departure from the United States.

In 2007 Congress authorized the consumption of $40 million on a“Model Ports of Entry”program, designed to improve the ____65____procedures of foreign travelers at the 20 U.S. airports with the highest number of international visitors. The program aims to improve staffing, queue management, signage, and infrastructure at the top 20 U.S. international airports and to hire at least 200 new CBP officers.

51.A.experiment B.examination C.experience D.excursion

52.A.changes B.fluctuations C.fingerprints https://www.360docs.net/doc/9d3530809.html,munications

53.A.explanations B.registrations C.applications D.procedures

54.A.Surprisingly B.Specifically C.Hopefully D.Occasionally

55.A.inspecting B.instructing C.interviewing D.investigating

56.A.reduced B.resolved C.reviewed D.released

57.A.owing to https://www.360docs.net/doc/9d3530809.html,pared to C.according to D. added up to

58.A.protects B.stimulates C.promises D.relieves

59.A.leads to B.applies to C.depends on D.makes up

60.A.persevering B.previewing C.participating D.promoting

61.A.accessible B.acceptable C.available D.adaptable

62.A.participants B.decisions C.documents D.photographs

63.A.For instance B.As a result C.In addition D.On the contrary

64.A.check B.project C.design D.proposal

65.A.queue B.program C.arrival D.departure

Section B

Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.

(A)

In 1801, Giuseppe Piazzi discovered a new object in the sky. He thought it was an undiscovered comet. After further observation, he realized that it behaved more like a small planet than a comet. Piazzi named it Ceres after the Sicillian goddess of grain. Ceres remains the largest known asteroids（小行星）in the sky. It means almost 600 miles（1,000 km) in diameter. By the end of the nineteenth century, several hundred other asteroids had been identified.

Tens of thousands of asteroids have since been discovered, with thousands more found each year. Asteroids are masses of rock and metal that orbit（绕轨道而行）the sun between Mars and Jupiter. They did not form into planets because the perturbations of Jupiter kept them moving too fast to join together. The total mass of all of the asteroids is less than the size of Earth’s moon.

Some of the asteroids move in orbits outside the zone between Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids that come relatively close to Earth are known as near-Earth asteroids(NEAs). Scientists estimate that about 1,000 of these asteroids are 0.6 miles(1km) in diameter. An asteroid of this colliding（碰撞）with Earth would be disastrous.

Scientists have found two sites where giant asteroids struck Earth millions of years ago. One asteroid hit Antarctica about 250 million years ago. Another asteroid struck Mexico’s Yucantan Peninsula around 65 million years ago, leaving a hole 112 miles(180km) wide and 1,000 yards (915m) deep. One theory blames the extinction of the dinosaurs on this as teroids’s collision with Earth and the climate change that resulted from its impact.

Occasionally, small asteroids strike Earth. These cause little damage. Major collision, such as the one that may have killed the dinosaurs, occur rarely--perhaps only once every 100 million years.

Although the chance of an asteroid striking the planet anytime soon is small, scientists continue to study the orbits of asteroids in the sky. They pay particularly close attention to the asteroids whose paths are close to Earth, and have even landed a spacecraft on an NEA named Eros. Their work helps them learn about the formation of the solar system. It may even help them discover ways to avoid an asteroid disaster in the future.

66.Which of the following statement is NOT true about asteroids?

A. Asteroids are composed of rock and metal.

B. Asteroids orbit the sun between Mars and Jupiter.

C. Large near-Earth asteroids are sure to strike Earth.

D. A large asteroid colliding with Earth would cause a disaster.

67.The word “perturbations”(paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to “ ”.

A. Formation of rocks

B. Disturbance of motion

C. Estimation of scientists

D. Influences of size

68.What scientists have found implies that

A. two sites of Earth hit giant asteroids millions of years ago

B. Antarctica was once struck by an asteroid millions of years ago

C. one asteroid left a huge hole in Mexico 250 million years ago

D. the extinction of dinosaurs resulted in asteroid’s collision wit h Earth

69.Which of the following events happened third according to the passage?

A. Giuseppe Piazzi discovered a new object and name it Ceres.

B. Scientists had a spacecraft land on Eros to learn more about the solar system.

C. Asteroids orbiting the sun failed to form into planets.

D. Several hundred asteroids had been identified by the end of the nineteenth century.

(B)

The Box-Office Numbers

The Motion Picture Association of American (MPAA)* has produced a 24-page report that summarizes box-office data, primarily using bold charts and graphs. To access the entire report, “2009 U.S. Theatrical Market Statistics,”going to https://www.360docs.net/doc/9d3530809.html,/2009-US-Report.pdf.

Highlights of the report include

●In 2005, the U.S. Movie industry’s box-office revenues(收入) totaled $25.2

billion, with just over one-third of that, $9.49 billion, coming from domestic audiences and the rest from international audience. Both domestic and foreign ticket sales increased from 2008, but the foreign revenues grew more.

●For the first time in 2009, a film earned more than $400 million domestically

70.The Motion Picture Association of America aims to_______

A. Conclude box-office data and give reports

B.make full use of bold charts and graphs

C.download relative reports from the websites

D.control U.S. Theatrical Market Statistics

71.Which of the following is true about the U.S. Movie industry’s box-office revenues?

A. The revenues coming from international audiences totaled $8.41 billion in 2005.

B. The revenues produces from domestic audiences added up to $25.82 billion in 2009.

C. The foreign revenues grew more compared with domestic ticket sales from 2008.

D. A film firstly made more than $400 million both at home and abroad in 2009.

72.Highlights of the report include the following aspects except______

A.the U.S. movie industry’s box-office revenues

B.the numbers of the newly released U.S. Movies

C.the status of film lovers’ go ing to the cinemas

D.the U.S. Movie admission to six large studios

73.Why does MPAA describe itself as “The Voice and Advocate of the American

Motion Picture, Home Video and Television Industries”?

A. Because MPAA is an organization with no intention to earn money.

B. Because MPAA is made up of all the large studios throughout America.

C. Because MPAA devotes itself to working standing for the film industry.

D. Because MPAA runs a world-wide web site reflecting the Motion Picture.

(C)

For age the word has been going around that the dog is the man’s best friend. I agree. A dog can be hardly as a night watchman around the house, as a pointer on a hunting trip, as a guardian and playmate for the children. But I think that having a dog for a pet is so expensive and annoying that I can do without such a friend.

Providing for the dog’s needs is so expensive that the animals should be an income tax deduction(扣除). There’s the medical bill for shots to keep the animal healthy. Unless it’s kept in the house 24 hours a day, a female must be given “preventive maintenance” a ten-to twenty-dollar investment. Otherwise, before you know it , you’ll have more “income tax deductions” in your family. And dogs have to eat. Don’t think you can buy a case of Ken-L-Ration and be done with it. A dog can be as particular about food as a French expert. To feed even a Chihuahua, a very small Mexican dog, you’ll spend three to five dollars a week. If you own a big, you need a large dog-house. They’re expens ive. A carpenter will build a luxurious model for about seventy-five dollars. For about thirty dollars’ worth of materials, a weekend’s work, and a smashed thumb, you can build a simple one yourself. And these are only the major costs.

A dog is so annoying that no one in his right mind would want to own one. Consider the dog owner blessed with a dog that fetches-slippers, rubber toys, newspapers. Have you eased your bare feet into slippers bitten by dogs, seen a living room destroyed by a toy boxer, tried to read a newspaper chewed to wet pieces by an obedient Boston bull? And dogs make noise. Some huge dogs bark all night. But you aren’t the only one to endure sleepless nights; your neighbors let you know they didn’t sleep either. Policemen are frequent vis itors to dog owners’ homes. They inquire about holes reported dug in neighbors’ flower beds, prize cats injured and bleeding, and pet chickens and ducks sent to their reward. Suspect: your dog! You deny everything, of course. Rex, you assure the officers, was asleep by the door. But you secretly suspect him, because you don’t really know where Pex was all week. And you remember wondering why feathers were floating in his water bowl yesterday. Dogs are annoying. Neither a fire-breathing mother-in-law nor a talkative wife prove more annoying to man than a dog.

Dog lovers will, of course, claim my argument one-sides, even exaggerated. They might consider me as cruel as the Russians, who possibly attempting to solve their own canine crisis--shot Fido into orbit. But the fact remains, if our best friends caused us the expense and annoyance our dog does, we’d soon encouraged them to become astronauts.

74.Which statement is NOT true about the dog as man’s best friend?

A. A dog will help to watch people.

B. A dog will guard your house at night.

C. A dog will play with your children.

D. A dog will serve as a guide for the hunters.

75.In paragraph2, “preventive maintenance” meas a measure to_____.

A.keep the dog in the house the whole day

B.invest ten to twenty dollars in female pregnant

C.prevent a female dog from becoming pregnant

D.provide for the food that dogs eat

76.Policemen frequently visit dog owners’ homes because______.

A.the police station was destroyed by dogs

B.neighbor’s domestics pets were killed or injured.’

C.they want to ask about neighbor’s flowers

D.they can’t stand sleepless nights any more

77.From the last two paragraphs, we can learn that______.

A.a dog is not as annoying as a fire-breathing mother-in-law

B.it is more difficult for man to cope with a talkative wife than with a dog

C.dog lovers prove to be as cruel as the Russians in the argument

D.a dog is a troublemaker that causes its owner the most annoyance.

Section C

Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

On October 29, 1929, the United States stock market crashed. In the days that followed, banks and businesses closed, the number of the unemployed workers rose to 15million, and many people lost their savings. As the economic crisis wore on, it became known as the Great Depression. It left many people feeling anxious and uncertain about the future.

Within days of his inauguration(就职典礼) in 1933, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt(FDR) began taking steps to stabilize the banking system, support the economy, and provide jobs for unemployed workers. To keep the American public informed about the changes that were underway, he gave a series of radio addresses called fireside chats. FDR used these broadcasts to speak about a number of issues. The first of Roosevelt’s fireside chats was delivered on Sunday, March 12,1933. His goal in this message was to explain the bank crisis in the United States.

He explained to American why banks had run out of money. Roosevelt assured people that their money was safe and that they could get their money when they really needed it. He said that most of the banks would be open the next day and that others would be open again very soon. His message’s purpose was to restore American’s confidence in their banking system.

Roosevelt’s chats to America were popular with the people. Many looked forward to hearing what FDR had to say. The White House did not always tell the public whether a particular radio address was to be regarded as a fireside chat. As a result, there is some question about the exact number of these speeches.

Twenty-eight such addresses were definitely identified, and two other radio addresses could have also been chats.

Roosevelt delivered his final fireside chat on June 12,1944. The focus was opening a fifth war-loan drive. He complimented the American people for supporting the war effort with the purchase of more than $32 billion of war bonds. He encouraged them to buy more as the war effort continued to cost money every day, money that he confidently predicted would lead to final victory.

(Notes:Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)

78.______________ led to the Great Depression according to the passage.

79. What’s the purpose of Roosevelt’s fireside chats?

80. Roosevelt delivered his first fireside chat to assure people of _____________________.

81. Why did Roosevelt praise the American people in his final fireside chat?

第Ⅱ卷（共47分）

Ⅰ.Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.

前天，许多物理学家出席了颁奖典礼。(present)

选举结果出乎预料，这令大多数人颇为失望。(which)

只有相关各方更多地关注青少年，他们才能形成正确的价值观。(Only)

他从没想到保护水资源的文化和社会因素也应被列入考虑范围。(occur)

虽然大多数孩子喜欢吃快餐，但科学研究显示汉堡和披萨缺乏身体健康和成长所需要的矿物质及维生素。（Although）

Ⅱ.Guided Writing

Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.

你叫Jenny, 你的网友Peter（高一学生）即将面临期末考试，近日，他就是否要请家教来帮他复习迎考向你求教，请给Peter回复一封电子邮件，邮件必须包括以下内容：

结合你自身的学习经历就是否请家教表达你的观点及理由；

就复习迎考给出2条主要建议。

黄浦区2014学年度第一学期高三年级期终调研测试

英语试卷参考答案

第一卷

25.from 26.why 27.a 28.though/but

29.the best 30.are spread 31.Others 32.making

33.will be developed 34.as/because 35.that/which 36.where

37.have to 38.to have achieved/having achieved 39.focused 40.coaching

41-45 HFKGD 46-50 ABICE

51-55 CADBC 56-60 ABDBC 61-65 BCCAC

66-69 CBBD 70-73 ACDC 74-77 ACBD

78. The crash of the United States stock market

79. To keep the American public informed about importance issues/messages/the changes

80. The safety of their money

81. Because they supported the war effort by buying war bonds

第一卷

Translation

1.Many physicists were present at the awarding ceremony the day before yesterday.

2.The outcome/result of the election was out of expection, which made most people feel

disappointed.

3.Only if parties concered pay more attention to the younger generation will teenagers form

proper values.

4.It never occurred to him that the cultural and social aspects of protecting the water

resource should also be taken into account/consideration.

5.Although most children enjoy eating fast food, scientific researches have shown(us) that

burgers and pizzas can lack essential minerals and vitamins for health and growth.