【初中英语】短语动词知识点(大全)

【初中英语】短语动词知识点(大全)
【初中英语】短语动词知识点(大全)

外研版英语【初中英语】短语动词知识点(大全)

一、短语动词

1.Tim won the first prize in the piano competition. His parents ________him.

A. take care

B. look up

C. take pride in

D. wait for

【答案】C

【解析】试题分析:句意:提姆在钢琴比赛中获得一等奖。他的父母为他骄傲。take care 当心,小心; 坚持到底;

look up向上看;查找; take pride in v.以…为骄傲; wait for等待。所以选C。

2.Joe has caused many problems and his dad can't ______ good ways to solve his trouble.

A. come up with

B. catch up with

C. work out

D. write down

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】come up with”想出“;catch up with”赶上“;work out”解决“;write down”写下来“。句意为:Joe惹出许多麻烦,他的爸爸想不出方法来解决他的麻烦。”想出方法“用come up with,故选A。

【点评】考查短语动词的辨析。

3.We are getting ready __________ Christmas.

A. to

B. with

C. for

D. of

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】get ready for……为固定短语,意为“为……做准备”。

【点评】考查介词辨析和固定搭配。

4.Tina comes to China in order to experience Chinese culture and which university is the best for her to attend.

A. put out

B. stay out

C. find out

D. run out

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:蒂娜来中国是为了体验中国文化,查出哪所大学最适合她。A:put out 熄灭;B:stay out不回家;C:find out查出;D:run out用完。根据which university is the best for her to attend,可知要查出哪所大学适合她,故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语的辨析。理解短语的意思,根据语境选择正确的动词短语。

5.In fact, many countries have _____ some effective (有效的)policies to control the population.

A. carry out

B. taken out

C. carried out

D. thought out

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:实际上,许多国家已经采取了有效政策控制人口。carry out实施;施行。take out取出;think out想出。根据have可知用过去分词,故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语。

6.—The box is too heavy to carry. What's in it?

—Oh, it is________ books

A. filled with

B. covered with

C. used for

D. asked for

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:—这箱子重得搬不动。里面是什么?。—噢,它装满了书。be filled with意为“用……装满”;be covered with意为“用……覆盖”;be usede for意为“用来做”;be asked for意为“请求”。根据句意重得搬不动,应该是装满了书。故答案为A。

【点评】考查短语动词be filled with,同义词组为be full of

7.Scientists are trying to ___________ ways to treat the terrible disease called H7N9.

A. come up with

B. look forward to

C. talk about

D. give up

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:科学家正努力想出办法治疗叫H7N9的可怕疾病。come up with 想出;提出;look forward to盼望;talk about谈论;give up放弃。根据句意可知选A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

8.The boats take different routes, but they all____ in the same place.

A. give up

B. clear up

C. end up

D. make up

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:这些船走不同的路线,但是他们的终点都在同一个地方。give up放弃;clear up清理干净;end up结束;make up 编造,弥补。根据句意可知,船走的路线不同,但是都在同一个地方结束,即都去同一个地方。故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语。

9.— How long does it take you to prepare for the English exam?

— It takes me about one week and a half.

A. take off

B. decide on

C. get ready for

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:——你准备英语考试花了多长时间?——花了一个半周。prepare for为……做准备;take off脱下;起飞;decide on决定;get ready for为……做准备。故选

C。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

10.The street will be flooded when it rains heavily.

A. filled with cars

B. filled with people

C. filled with water

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:当雨下得太大时,这条街会被淹没。flood译为“淹没”;A.装满了车; B.装满了人; C.装满了水。结合句意选C。

【点评】考查动词短语词义辨析。

11.Don't waste water the river and the lake.

A. put; into

B. pour; in

C. pour; into

D. put; to

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:不要把废水倒到河里和湖里。pour……into把……倒入;put……into 把……放在……里。故选C。

【点评】考查动词短语。

12.I a stone in a dark street and hurt my knees.

A. fell over

B. fell off

C. fell away

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:我在黑暗中被一块石头……,弄伤了我的膝盖。A.被绊倒; B.从……落下; C.离开,消瘦。故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语词义辨析。

13.—The children in rural areas have few books to read. Let's ______ some books to them.—Great, it is a good idea.

A. give away

B. hand out

C. take out

D. put out

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:--在农村地区的孩子们有很少的书去阅读。让我们捐赠一些书给他们吧。分析选项:give away捐赠;hand out分发;take out拿出来;put out扑灭。结合句意表示捐赠之意,因此选择第一项。故选 A

【点评】考查词组的用法。

14.— Can I ______ a few minutes of yours to talk about how to deal with the old books?

— Sure.

A. set up

B. open up

C. take up

D. put up

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:——我能占用你几分钟的时间谈谈如何处理旧问题吗?——当然可以。A创立,B开通,C占据,D建造,根据a few minutes,可知是占用时间,故选C。【点评】考查动词短语辨析,注意根据a few minutes的语境选择合适的用法。

15.As a kind of important energy, coal(煤炭) can _______ one day.

A. keep out

B. run out

C. be run out

D. run out of

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】短语run out意为“用完,耗尽(主语是物)”,keep out“阻止……进入”,run out of “用完……东西(主语是人)”;选项C是被动形式,其后应加介词of,故选B。

16.My son _______ his father, because they are both cheerful.

A. looks after

B. takes after

C. runs after

D. looks like

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】look after照顾;照看;take after(面貌、言行、性格等)像;run after 追赶; look like(外表)看起来像。句意为“我儿子像他父亲,两个人都乐呵呵的。”显然是指性格方面像,故选B。

17.—Why did you come late again?

—Because my alarm clock didn't _______ this morning.

A. go off

B. go out

C. go away

D. go over

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】考查动词词组的辨析。go off“发出响声”;go out“出去”;go away“离开”;go over“检查”。答语句意为“因为今天早上我的闹钟没响。”故选A。

18.Progress suggests a person's ability to change the way he is living at the moment and it must ______ a better life and a better way of doing things.

A. lead to

B. devote to

C. make up

D. take up

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:进步意味着一个人改变他现在生活方式的能力,它必须带来更好

的生活和更好的做事方式。A. lead to 导致;B. devote to 奉献,致力于;C. make up 编造;D. take up从事。根据句意可知,答案为A。

19.A wolf has become the mascot(吉祥物) of the World Cup 2018 that ________ in Russia.

A.took place

B.held

C.will take place

D.will hold

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:将在俄罗斯举行的2018世界杯的吉祥物是一只狼。took place发生,举行,是过去式;held举行,过去式;will take place将要举行;will hold将要举行。

根据句中的时间2018可知,这里是将来的事情,应用一般将来时态,故先排除A和B。that引导的定语从句,先行词是the World Cup 2018与动词hold构成被动关系,应用被动

语态,故D不对;take place不能用于被动语态,故答案为C。

【点评】此题考查的被动语态和动词辨析,平时注意区分动词短语的意义和用法。注意动

词的时态和语态的用法。

20.I'll go to visit your uncle as soon as I Beijing.

A. get to

B. will get to

C. got to

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:我一到北京就去看望你的叔叔。主句是一般将来时,as soon as引

导的时间状语从句用一般现在时。故选A。

【点评】此题考查一般将来时的用法,注意记忆as soon as 引导的时间状语从句一般现在

时表将来和固定词组的用法。

21.“One Belt(带),One Road”will serve to________markets for China as well as other countries along.

A. put up

B. set up

C. take up

D. open up

【答案】D

【解析】【分析】句意:“一带一路”将会对中国和其他的国家开放服务市场。A.put up举起,张贴;B.set up建立;C.take up占据,从事;D.open up开放;结合句意和语境可知是

开放市场。故答案为D。

【点评】考查短语动词。牢记固定动词短语的意义。

22.According to my brother, fishing is an excellent hobby to_______.

A. pick up

B. take up

C. put up

D. turn up

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:根据我哥哥的说法,钓鱼是可以从事的一种非常优秀的爱好。

A.pick up捡起;

B.take up从事;

C.put up张贴;

D.turn up出现。根据take up a hobby从事一种爱好,故答案为B。

【点评】考查短语动词。牢记动词短语。

23.Tom argued with Alice last night. But now they _______ after a talk with each other.

A. make up

B. put up

C. set up

D. look up

【答案】A

【解析】【分析】句意:汤姆昨天晚上和爱丽丝吵架了。但是现在他们谈过之后又和好了。A.make up 和好,弥补,化妆;B. put up 举起,张贴,搭建;C.set up建立;D.look up 向上看,查阅。根据after a talk with each other可知交流后和好了,故选A。

【点评】考查短语辨析,注意动词短语的积累及运用。

24.Because of the terrible weather, we have to the sports meeting.

A. put away

B. put up

C. put out

D. put off

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:由于天气恶劣,我们不得不推迟运动会。A:put away把......收好;B:put up 张贴;C:put out 熄灭;D:put off推迟。根据前句Because of the terrible weather,天气恶劣,可知运动会只能推迟,故选D。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意理解短语动词的词义,根据语境选择正确的一项。25.——When are you going to for Shanghai?

——Tomorrow morning.

A. get off

B. turn off

C. take off

D. set off

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:——你打算什么时候动身去上海?——明天早上。get off下车;turn off关掉;take off脱下;set off出发;动身。故选D。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析。

二、定语从句

26.I have some information about the astronauts _______ is helpful to you.

A.who B.what C.that D.whose

【答案】C

【解析】

句意:我有些关于宇航员的信息对你有帮助。这里是定语从句,先行词是information是物,关系词用that,在句中做主语。先行词是人关系词用who;whose在定语从句中做定语。根据题意,故选C。

点睛:1.that既可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that 在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语则不能省略.而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置

27.The movie ______ we saw last night was fantastic.

A.which B.why C.who

【答案】A

【解析】

句意:我们昨晚看的电影是很好。A. which在定语从句作宾语、主语。指物或事情;B. Why在定语从句中做状语,先行词是reason;C. who在定语从句中作主语或宾语。指人。考查定语从句,先行词movie是指物的,关系词在定语从句中作saw的宾语。所以用which,故选A。

28.–What do you think of the program Sing My Song on CCTV?

--It’s a good chance to those musicians ____write their own songs.

A.who B.whom C.which D./

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:——你认为中央电视台的节目“中国好歌曲”怎么样?——这是给那些自己写歌曲的音乐家们的一个好机会。先行词指人,引导词在定语语从句中做主语,故引导词用who。故选A。

29.I hate people talk much but do little.

A.whose B.whom C.who

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:我讨厌那些说的多却做的少的人。句中所缺的是定语从句的关系词,先行词是people,指人,而且关系词在从句中做主语,故选C。whose既指人也指物,在从句中做定语;whom指人,在从句中做宾语;which指物,可做主语和宾语。

考点:考查定语从句

30. ---Our English teacher is very kind, and we all like her very much.

---That’s for sure. A person _________ cares for others is popular everywhere.

A. who B. which C. whom D. whose

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:--我们的英语老师非常的善良,并且我们非常喜欢她。--那是当然。一个关心他人的人到处都受到欢迎。根据先行词是person,所以引导词用that 或者who。结合选项,故选A。

考点:考查定语从句的用法。

31. Is there anything to you ?

A. that is belong B. that belong

C. that belongs D. which belongs

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:这还有属于你的东西吗?此题考查定语从句,因为是anything是不定代词,故用that,和固定短语belong to属于。belong是个动词,不能和is连用。还有that作主语,应按第三人称单数处理。根据句意,故选C。

【考点定位】考查定语从句的用法。

32.The teenagers like the musician ____ different kinds of music.

A.who play B.which plays C.who plays D.that play

【答案】C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

试题分析:句意:青少年喜欢演奏不同种类音乐的音乐家。The musician是先行词,后面跟的是它的定语从句。先行词musician指人,用who、that引出定语从句,B错;关系词在定语从句中作主语,定语从句的谓语与先行词保持一致。musician是单数,谓语用单数:plays。故选C。

33.When we speak of culture, we mean a way of life_________ a group of people have in common.

A.what B.who C.where D.that

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

句意:当我们说起文化的时候,我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。考查定语从句的引导词。根据句意:当我们说起文化的时候,我们指的是一群人共同拥有的生活方式。逗

号后面的句中是含有定语从句的复合句,先行词是 life,表示“物”,用引导词 that,在从句中做宾语。what 不能引导定语从句。先行词是“人”,引导词常用 who。where 在定语从句中做地点状语。故选D。

【点睛】

引导定语从句的关联词包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, whose, who, whom, as;关系副词有when, where, why。关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中都充当一定的句法成份。关系代词在从句中充当动词的宾语时一般可以省略。

34.The last place _______ we visited was Chaoshan Custom Museum.

A.where B.that C.when D.why

【答案】B

【解析】

句意:我们参观的最后一个地方是潮汕风俗博物馆。根据句子结构可知,这里考查的是定语从句,where关系副词,指地点;that关系代词,先行词为物;when关系副词,指时间;why关系副词,指原因。定语从句中visited后缺少宾语,故应填关系代词,选B。

35.Have you found the information about famous scientists you can use for the report?

A.where B.which C.what D.who

【答案】B

【解析】

句意:你找到了你在报告中可以使用的关于那些著名科学家的信息了吗?where在哪里,表示地点;which引导定语从句,先行词应该是物;what什么,不能引导定语从句;who 引导定语从句,先行词是人。这里考查的是定语从句,先行词并不是空前的famous scientists,而是the information,指代的是物,故应选B。

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