专业英语复习题

GIS专业英语复习题（一）

I. Directions: The following is a list of terms about Geographic Information Systems. After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to those given in Chinese in the table below. （5*2=10 marks）

A-data conversion K-longitude

B-coordinate system L-projection and registration

C-map projections M-correlation analysis

D-latitude N-spatial data

E-thematic map O-hypermedia

F-vector data P-geographical information systems(GIS)

G-spatial analysis Q-raster data

H-multimedia R-digital elevation models(DEM)

I-geo-referenced data S-Overlay Analysis

J-information retrieval T-database management system(DBMS)

1. ( ) 叠加分析( ) 地理参照数据

2. ( ) 信息检索( ) 经度，经线

3. ( ) 栅格数据( ) 专题地图

4. ( ) 投影与匹配( ) 空间数据

5. ( ) 数字高程模型( ) 坐标系统

II. Directions: There are 5 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each blank with the proper word according to the knowledge of Geographic Information Systems. (10*1=10 marks)

1. The Pioneering stage of development history of GIS began to appear in the_______.

2. There are two major methods to input, store and visualize mapped data in GIS: ______ GIS and ______ GIS.

3. In the vector based model, geospatial data is represented in the form of

__________. In vector data, the basic units of spatial information are _____, _______ and polygons.

4. I n a GIS, locations on the earth’s surface described by a series of x, y coordinates. Coordinate systems can be self-described or in units that relate to the real world. The units of geodetic coordinate system are decimal degrees; degrees, ______, _______.

5. The forms of data in GIS are ______data, _____ data and temporal data.

III. Directions: Choosing the best answer from the given four choices to fill in the blank.（10*2=20 marks）

1. The abbreviation of Geographic Information System (GIS) is_______.

A.GPS

B.MPS

C.GIS

D.MIS

2. The full name of GIS is______ .

A. Geographic Information System

B. Word Processing System

C. Global Positioning System

D. Earth Satellite System

3. The core function of GIS is_____.

A. query

B. retrieval

C. statistical calculation

D. spatial analysis function

4. GIS was germinated (formed) in the early_______.

A.1950s

B. 1960s

C.1970s

D. 1980s

5. _______ was considered as the father of GIS.

A. Goodchild

B. Colwell

C. Roger Tomlinson

D. Terry Coppok

6. The first system in the modern era to be generally acknowledged as a GIS was ________.

A. Canada Geographic Information System (or CGIS)

B. GIS-based research

C. Loess Plateau Information System

D. WebGIS

7. I n a GIS, locations on the earth’s surface described by a series of x, y coordinates. Coordinate systems can be self-described or in units that relate to the real world. The units of planar coordinate system are __________.

A. Decimal degrees;

B. degrees, minutes, seconds

C. hours, minutes, seconds

D. meters; and feet

8. All Data within a GIS are stored within databases. A database is a collection of information about things and their relationships to each other. Geographic information systems rely on two interrelated types of databases: the _________ database and the ________ database.

A. spatial, non-spatial

B. spatial, attribute

C. vector; raster

D. vector-based; raster-based

9. Developing the boundaries of the region within the specified distance from the airport is called a proximity or ______ operation, and is a common tool in spatial analysis.

A. overlay

B. network

C. buffer

D. spatial statistics

10. One of the significant signs that GIS distinguishes from other information systems is__________.

A. spatial analysis

B. attribute analysis

C. statistical analysis

D. correlation analysis

IV. Directions: Translating the following Specialized English words into Chinese or English. (16*2=32 marks)

1. spatial data

2. geographic analysis

3. database management and update

4. thematic map

5. latitude and longitude

6. geodetic coordinate system

7. aerial photographs

8. multimedia/hypermedia GIS

9. 硬件和软件

10. 数据转换

11. 信息技术

12. 地图投影

13. 矢量和栅格数据

14. 输入和输出系统

15. 虚拟现实

16. 环境管理与保护

V. Directions: Translating the following sentences into Chinese. (3*4=12 marks)

1. GIS is a system of hardware, software and procedures to facilitate the management, manipulation, analysis, modeling, representation and display of geo-referenced data to solve complex problems regarding planning and management of resources.

2. With the availability of real-time global positioning systems and cost-effective mobile telecommunications, it has become possible to develop real-time GIS that monitor, transmits, records and analyses the movement of mobile agents such as vehicles, people or animals.

3. The so-called geo-spatial information science depends on computer technology and communication technology as the main technical support including global positioning system (GPS), geographic information systems (GIS), remote sensing (RS) and other spatial information technology. Its functions contain acquisition, measurement, analysis, storage, management, display, transmission and application of the data of the earth and spatial distribution. Geo-spatial information science is an important part of earth information science.

VI. Directions: Answering the following questions. (4*4=16 marks)

1. What are the major components of GISystem And what are the functions of GIS

2. What are the advantages and disadvantages of raster data

3. What kind of functions does GIS spatial analysis have Can you give some relative examples for different functions respectively

4. GIS can be widely in many realm, and please give several examples of GIS applications.

GIS专业英语复习题（二）

I. Directions: The following is a list of terms about Geographic Information Systems.

After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to those given in Chinese in the table below. （5*2=10 marks）

A- information extraction H- quantitative remote sensing

B- spatial resolution I- electromagnetic spectrum

C- geometric correction J- Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR)

D- microwave remote sensing K- lossy compression

E- image fusion/integration L- spatial resolution

F- lossless compression M- analog image

G- radio detection and ranging (RADAR) N- radiometric correction

1. ( ) 空间分辨率( ) 模拟图像

2. ( ) 信息提取( ) 图像融合

3. ( ) 无损压缩( ) 光探测和测距(激光雷达)

4. ( ) 几何校正( ) 电磁波谱

5. ( ) 雷达（无线电测距与定位）( ) 定量遥感

II. Directions: There are 5 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each blank with the proper word according to the knowledge of Geographic Information Systems. (16*1=16 marks)

1. Remote sensing of the environment by geographers is usually done with the help of mechanical devices known as ____________.

2. In respect to the type of energy resources, the types of remote sensing can be divided into ________ remote sensing and ________ remote sensing.

3. Remote sensing is the science of __________ information about the earth’s surface without actually being in contact with it. This is done by _______ and ________ reflected or emitted energy and processing, analyzing, and applying that information.

4. Different image captured by different remote sensing instruments have different characters. Characters of satellite sensor consist of satellite ______ and swath and the _______, ______, radiometric and ________ resolutions of remote sensing data.

5. Features Used in Image Interpretation and Recognition include shape, size,

_________or color, __________, shadow and _________.

6. The simplest form of remote sensing uses photographic cameras to record information from visible or near _______ wavelengths. During World War I, _______photography played an important role. The development of ______ photography following World War II gave a more natural depiction (n.描绘，描写) of surface objects.

III. Directions: Choosing the best answer from the given four choices to fill in the blank.（10*2=20 marks）

1. Geographers use the techniques of _________ to monitor or measure phenomena found in the Earth’s lithosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere.

A. eyes

B. remote sensing

C. the sense of smell

D. the sense of hearing

2. In respect to wavelength regions, remote sensing can be classified into three types. They are visible and reflective infrared remote sensing, ________ infrared remote sensing and _________ remote sensing.

A. thermal; microwave

B. thermal; radar

C. microwave; radio

D. radar; radio

3. Recent advances in remote sensing and geographic information have led the way for the development of _______ Remote Sensing, which is an instrument called an “active sensor”.

A. spatial

B. spectral

C. radar

D. laser

4. The full name of RS is______ .

A. Random Access Memory

B. Recording of energy by the sensor

C. Remotely sensed data

D. Remote Sensing

5. In the________, a revolution in remote sensing technology began with the deployment of space satellites.

A. 1950s

B. 1960s

C.1970s

D. 1980s

6. The first meteorological satellite, ______, was launched by the United States using an Atlas rocket on April 1, 1960.

A. TIROS-1

B. Landsat

C.SPOT

D. Radarsat-1

7. _______, which was launched in 2002, has a maximum ground resolution of 2.5 x 2.5 meters in both panchromatic mode and multispectral operation.

A. Landsat 7

B. SPOT

C. Radarsat-1

D. SPOT-5

8.Radar is an acronym for _________.

A. Radar Remote Sensing

B. Radio Detection

C. Radio Detection and Ranging

D. Radio Signals

9.As a microwave remote sensing technique, ________ system has all-day and

all-weather imaging capability and provides unique images and has become an important technique of data acquisition for change detection, especially in some regions where it is difficult for optical sensors to acquire high-quality image.

A. Radar

B.SAR

C. LIDAR

D. InSAR

10. ________technology has evolved in the last four decades to become a prominent remote sensing tool for geo-spatial researches, which is an active optical remote sensing technology that measures properties of scattered light to find range and other information of a distant target.

A. SAR

B. Radar

C. InSAR

D. LIDAR

IV.Directions:Translating the following Specialized English words into Chinese or English. (12*2=24 marks)

1. electromagnetic radiation

2. multi-spectral Scanner(MSS)

3. spectral resolution

4. radiometric correction

5. digital elevation or digital terrain models(DEMs/DTMs)

6. Thematic Mapper

7. 遥感

8. 雷达系统

9. 波段

10. 数字图像

11. 被动式/主动式传感

12. 图象分析

V. Directions: Translating the following sentences into Chinese. (3*5=15 marks)

1. Remote sensing is a technology for sampling electromagnetic radiation to acquire and interpret non-contiguous geospatial data from which to extract information about features, objects, and classes on the earth’s land surface, oceans, and atmosphere.

2．Radiation and the Atmosphere (B) – as the energy travels from its source to the target, it will come in contact with and interact with the atmosphere it passes through. This interaction may take place a second time as the energy travels from the target to the sensors.

3. Interaction with the Target (C) – once the energy makes its way to the target through the atmosphere, it interacts with the target depending on the properties of both the target and the radiation.

VI. Directions: Answering the following questions. (3*5=15 marks)

1. What is the process of remote sensing Can you describe the process of remote sensing in a simple way

2. What are characteristics of satellite remote sensing image

3. In the resources management and environmental monitoring, could you please give us some examples to explain the application area that can benefit from the integration of a GIS, RS and GPS

GIS专业英语复习题（三）

I. Directions: The following is a list of terms about Geographic Information Systems. After reading it, you are required to find the items equivalent to those given in Chinese in the table below. （5*2=10 marks）

A- smart phones G- mastercontrolstation

B- Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) H-Wireless Local Area Network（WLAN）

C- atmospheric delay I- Emergency Response

D- Location Based Service (LBS) J- Precise Positioning Service (PPS)

E- orbital planes K- Standard Positioning Service (SPS)

F- Global System for Mobile Communication M- handheld PCs

1. ( ) 主控制站( ) 精准定位服务

2. ( ) 大气延迟( ) 个人数字助理/掌上电脑

3. ( ) 智能电话( ) 轨道平面

4. ( ) 基于位置的服务( ) 无线局域网络

5. ( ) 应急响应( ) 全球通信系统

II. Directions: There are 5 incomplete statements here. You should fill in each blank with the proper word according to the knowledge of Geographic Information Systems. (16*1=16 marks)

1. GPS system consists of three major segments: the ______ segment, the ______ segment and the ________ segment.

2. Besides GPS, now there are three kinds of satellite position navigation system in the world. They are: global navigation satellite system (________) of former Soviet Union, Galileo system of European Union (UN) and _____ System of China.

3. The ________ constellation is composed of 24 satellites in six orbital planes. The satellites operate in circular 20,200 km (10,900 nm) orbits at an inclination angle of

55 degrees and with a 12-hour period. Each satellite transmits on two L _______ frequencies, L1 (1575.42 MHz) and L2 (1227.6 MHz).

4. In general, a wireless communication system consists of three main components: the Mobile Switching Centres (MSC) or __________ equipment, the ________ and

the user _______.

5.

The integration of remote sensing, GPS, and GIS can be conceptualized and summarized by four models: _______, ________, hierarchical and ________.

6. The applications of integration of GIS, RS and GPS include resources management and environmental ________, emergency________, and __________ mapping.

III. Directions: Choosing the best answer from the given four choices to fill in the blank.（10*2=20 marks）

1. The ________ system, operated by the U.S. Department of Defense, is the first GPS system widely available to civilian users.

A. GNSS

B. NAVSTAR

C. GLONASS

D. Beidou

2. The __________, sometimes called the Standard Positioning Service (SPS), is a pseudorandom noise code that is modulated onto the L1 carrier.

A. Coarse-Acquisition (C/A) code

B. Precision (P) code

C. Y code

D. PRN code

3. _______System is thought as the most accurate observe method now.

A. GPS

B. OCS

C. GNSS

D. RTK

4. "3S" technology refers to______.

A.GISRSGPS

B.GISDSSGPS

C.GISGPSOS

D.GISDSSRS

5. Pseudo-random noise code has P code, Y code and ______.

A. X code

B.C/A code

C.P/Y

D.Y/A

6. In order to connect mobile devices to a fixed network in which the cartographic server will be set, we can use two kinds of wireless networks. ________s have a limited coverage, from few meters to some kilometers. Their main characteristics are that they provide high transmission rates and usually are privately owned.

A. WWAN

B.WAP

C. WLAN

D. WML

7. The mobile handsets may be cell phones or small handheld computing devices

known as _____________.

A. PDA

B. LBS

C. OS

D. PVT

8._________ is a must for the widespread adoption of location-based services. Moreover, it ensures network security and privacy and helps to facilitate billing and revenue sharing.

A. Diverse mobile mapping standards

B. Market capacity

C. Interoperability

D. User privacy

9. GPSdetermineslocationbycomputingthedifferencebetweenthetimeasignalis sentandthetimeisreceived. GPS satellites carry ______ that provide extremely accurate time. The time information is placed in the codes broadcast by the satellite so that a receiver can continuously determine the time the signal was broadcast.

A. atomic clocks

B. electronic clocks

C.GIS receiver

D. sensors

10. SA refers to _______________.

A. Precise Positioning Service

B. Selective Availability

C. Standard Positioning Service

D. anti-spoofing

IV.Directions:Translating the following Specialized English words into Chinese or English. (12*2=24 marks)

1. constellation?

2. pseudo-range?

3. spatial visualization

4. phase

5. coarse/acquisition (C/A)code

6. carrier frequencies

7. 实时

8. 民用码

9. 精确码(p码)

10. GIS接收机

11．全球导航卫星系统

12．笔记本电脑

V. Directions: Translating the following sentences into Chinese. (3+3*4=15 marks)

1.

GlobalPositioningSystem(GPS)isaspace-basedradio-navigationsystem,consistingof24s atellitesandground support. GPS provides users with accurate information about their position and velocity, as well as the time, anywhere in the world and in all weather conditions.

2. GPS is a public information service used by both the public and private sections of our global economy to improve productivity, increase safety, protect the environment and so on. GPS technology has matured into a resource that goes far beyond its original design goals. These days, people from many other walks of life are using GPS in ways that make their work more productive, safer, and sometimes ever easier.

3. The integration of remote sensing, GPS, and GIS coupled with powerful computer modeling tools enables resources managers to better adapt to the dynamic, multi-use management complexities of natural resources. Integration empowers them to quantitatively model the resources and objectively analyze their multiple demands in nearly real time.

4. GPS has become a widely used aid to navigation worldwide, and a useful tool for mapmaking, land surveying, commerce, scientific uses, tracking and surveillance, and hobbies such as geocaching and waymarking. Also, the precise time reference is used in many applications including the scientific study of earthquakes and as a time synchronization source for cellular network protocols. In addition, GPS has become a mainstay of transportation systems worldwide, providing navigation for aviation, ground, and maritime operations.

VI. Directions: Answering the following questions. (4*4=16 marks)

1. What are the components of GPS and what are functions of each component

2. Please talk about the characteristics of GPS and the real-world application of GPS in a brief way.

3. What is the relationship between GIS, RS and GPS in the system integration Please give some examples about integration of GIS, RS and GPS.

4. What is LBS Which aspects should be considered in constructing and developing LBS