必修五unit1知识点总结

1.have

1）have sb/sth do sth “让某人/物做某事”,宾语sb/sth和宾补do之间为主动.

如：Mum often has me help do some housework.

2）have sb/sth doing sth “让某人/物一直/总是做某事”,宾语sb/sth和宾补do之间为主动,且强调动作一直进行.

如：Don't have the machine working all the time.

3）have sb/sth done “让某人/物被...”,宾语sb/sth和宾补do之间为被动关系.

如：I had my hair cut yesterday.

2.get

1）get sb/sth to do sth“使得某人/物去做某事”,宾语sb/sth和宾补do之间为主动关系,且动作尚未发生.

如：Can you get us to do the experiment?

你能让我们做这个试验吗?

2）get sb/sth doing sth “使得某人/物正在做某事”,宾语sb/sth和宾补do之间是主动关系,且动作正在发生.

如：He has got the car starting.

3）get sb/sth done “使得某人/物被...”,宾语sb/sth和宾补do之间是被动关系. 如：I must get my bike repaired.

3.make

make sb/sth do sth “使得某人/物做某事”,宾语sb/sth和宾补do之间是主动关系. 如：His joke made us all laugh.

Unit 1 Great scientists

1. (v.)检查( inspect, check)

2. (vt.& vi.) 推断出，结束

3. (vt.) 分析( n. analysis)

4. (vt.& n．) 打败；战胜，使受挫；失败(beat)

5. (vt.) 出席，护理，照顾，参加

6. (vt.) 暴露，揭露，使曝光(uncover,unmask, undress,reveal )

7. (vt.& n．) 治愈，治疗；痊愈

8. (v.) 控制

9. (vt.) 吸收，吸引；使专心

10. (vt.& n) 责备，谴责；过失，责备(criticize, scold,accuse 反praise)

11. (adv.) 立即

12. (n.& v．) 把手；处理，操纵(deal with)

13. (vt.& vi.) 贡献，捐献，捐助

14. (v.) 完成(finish)

15. (vt.) 拒绝，抛弃，不接受(refuse/ abandon)

16 . (n.) 特征，特性

17. (adj.) 严重的(serious)，严厉的，剧烈的

18. (adj.) 积极的，肯定的，确实的(同active/ optimistic/supportive) (反negative, passive/pessimistic/opposed/object to)

19. (adj.) 热情的，热心的(n. enthusiasm)

20 . (adj.) 小心的，谨慎的(n. caution) (be~ about)

1．得出结论

2．提出

3．另外,除了

4．应受到责备

5．对……严格的

6．将……和……联系或连接起来

7．导致

8．讲得通，有意义

9．使显露，暴露

10. 有助于，导致

11. 全神贯注于

1．So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak .（5th line)

此处every time 引导时间状语从句，相当于whenever, 指“每当........”(状元桥P116-117)

可作连词用的名词词组

1，The +瞬间名词（instant, minute , moment)

2，The +序数词（first,second.......)+ time,

3，不定代词（each,every, any)+ time

4，The day (week,month, year,........)

此外，有些副词，如directly，instantly，immediately 也可引导状语从句,意为“一.......就.......”

Exercise :

1._______________________________to his hometown(每次他回到家乡）,he will visit his teacher. （come）

2.————————————————(第一次我见到她），I fell in love with her. （see)

3.________________________________(你一按按钮）, the machine will start.(moment)

4.He visited his old friend___________________(他到达的那一天）（arrive）

5. He turned on the TV ____________________(他一回到家）（immediately)

关于time 的其他用法：

1.for the first time 是介词短语，作时间状语，而the first time 是连词，引导时间状语从句

如：I met him in the party for the first time.

2.It/This/That is/was the first time that.......如果用is,则从句用现在完成时，如果用

was,则用过去完成时

如：It is the first time that——————

(我来到中国）

It was the first time that——————（我见到他）

3.It is (high/about time) that.......从句用一般过去时

如：It is high time that—————————（我们采取措施）to protect our enviroment.(measure)

measure)

2.It seemed that the water was to blame.(25th line)

表达“好像，似乎”的句型

It seems/appears that.........

It seems /appears/looks as if........（真实/虚拟）

Sb/sth seems/appears to do/be ..........

sb/sth seems/appears +adj/n.(系表结构）

Exercise:

他似乎很聪明

1,_________________ he is clever.

He _____________________.

He ______________________.

2,It seems as if ___________________(天要下雨了）.

3,It seemed as if the pen ________________（断了）when we put it in the water ，but actually it wasn’t.(break)

(2012 湖北真题）

4,Things aren’t always_____________________（appear）.

事情往往不是它们看上去那样。

4,Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. (5th line) Neither..........nor.........既不.........也不.........谓语遵循就近原则，类似的还有：either........or......... Not only.......but also........... , not.......but........., There be.........., neither /nor 为否定词，置于句首时句子要部分倒装

Exercise : (状元桥P116）

5,If y ou don’t take part in the meeting,_________________ (我也不参加）.(neither) 6,In fact, I didn’t know his total income. ______________________(我也不在乎）how his money was spent. (neither)

7,Neither the players nor the coach_________________victory,which may be the reason for their loss.(confident)

.8,A woman, who..........., liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day.(42nd line)

So/ such .......that........ 如此.......以致于.......

So/such 置于句首时要用部分倒装

如：————————————(这个地方如此美丽）that I would never forget it. (beautiful)

have sth done :让某事被做或表示遭遇

如：1.----- where is your computer?

--------___________________(我送去修了）in the computer shop.(repair)

2.我的钱包被偷了。___________________(steal)

John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. (46th line) 常用（should）+ do 在名词性从句中构成虚拟语气的动词

一坚持：insist

二命令：order , command

三建议：advise, suggest, propose

四要求：request, require, demand , desire ,( urge )

如：1. The teacher requested that all the exam papers_________________ (上交）tomorrow.( hand)

It was advised that _________________________

(他保持健康的饮食）long time ago , but he didn’t listen . (keep)

1.conclude vt.& vi.断定，推断；使结束，终止；达成，缔结（con 全部+clude→全部关掉→结论）include v 包括（in 进入+clude→关进去→包括）

2.conclusion n．结束，结论

3.in conclusion最后，总之=in a word=in short/brief

4.arrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出结论

https://www.360docs.net/doc/ac8774594.html,e to the conclusion that...所得结论是…

1.Richardson_______from his studies that gender equality is still a long way off. (状元桥P114）

A accounted

B concluded

C resulted

D confirmed

2. ___________________ the earthquake led to the great disaster in Japan.(conclude) (状元桥P114）

结论是那次地震造成了日本的巨大灾难。

2. defeat vt.打败；战胜；使受挫

n．失败.( de 去掉+ feat 功绩→ 打败）

(状元桥P114）

de-表示"去掉，变坏，离开，变慢，向下"等

destruction 破坏（de+struct 结构；建造＋ion→弄坏结构→破坏）=destroy desalt 除去盐分（de+salt 盐→去掉盐分）

dehydration 脱水（de + hydration 水分→ 脱水）

deforest 砍伐森林（de+forest 森林→去掉森林）

devalue 降低价值（de+value 价值→去掉价值）

depress 压制，压抑（de+press 压→向下压→压制）

decode 破译（de+code 密码→去掉密码）

defame 诽谤，中伤（de+fame 名声→名声变坏→诽谤）

1,Before I do the experiment,the problem______me

Whether I should turn to Bob for help because he made some experimental mistakes,nearly leading to a fire last time. (状元桥P114）

A overcame

B defeated

C removed

D conquered,

3. expose vt.暴露，揭露，使曝光，使面临

ex- 表示"出，出去“ expose 暴露（ex+pose 放→放出去→暴露）

exclude 排外（ex+clude 关闭→关出去→排外）

exhale 呼气（ex+hale 气→出气→呼气）

(1)expose sth./sb./oneself (to...)

显露或暴露某事物/某人/某人自己

(2)exposed adj.(指地方)无遮蔽的；不遮挡风雨的

be exposed to暴露于……

1,---why are you so angry with me?

----You are acually______your little boy to possible dangers by letting him play football in the street.

A devoting

B relating

C applying

D exposing

2,We want to______ the kids to as much art and culture as possible.

A cause

B attach

C expose

D link (状元桥P114）

3 _____________________(暴露于阳光下）for too long will do harm to your skin.( expose)

4 ______________________(暴露于阳光下）for too long, his skin got burnt. (expose)

4. attend vt.出席，照顾，护理，参加

(1)attend a meeting参加会议

attend school/class上学/上课

attend a lecture /a movie听演讲/看电影

attend to处理；注意倾听，专心于；照料

(2)attendance n．出席，到场；出席人数

Exercise :

I may be late—I have got one or two things to ________________(要处理)．attend，join，take part in/ participate in

(1)attend 一般指参加会议、婚礼等；也可指上学、听报告等。

Mr.Wang attended our class meeting.

王老师参加了我们的班会。

(2)join通常指加入某个组织，成为其中的一员；或用于句型join sb.in doing sth.表示参与某项正在进行的活动。

He joined the Party in 1950.

他在1950年入了党。(成为一名党员)

(3)take part in / participate in常指参加一些群体性的、大型的、严肃的活动或体育活动。

She was invited to take part in a TV debate.

她被邀请参加一场电视辩论。

5. blame vt.责备；谴责；把……归咎于n．过失；责备

(1)blame sb.for sth.因某事而责备某人

blame sth.on sb.把某事怪到某人头上

be to blame (for) 应受责备

(2)get/accept/bear/take the blame for...对……负责

lay/put the blame for sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人身上

1,The judge laid the ____for the accident on the driver of the car.

A wrong b blame

C mistake d punishment

2. It is you,including your cousin,____________________ (应受到责备）for the loss of the golden chance.

3.Never before _________________his mistakes, but this time it is very serious.

之前我从未因他的错误而责备他，但这次错误太严重了。

6. absorb vt.吸引，吸收，使专心于

ab-,abs-表示"相反，变坏，离去”

absorb吸收（ab+sorb吸收→吸收掉）

abnormal反常的（ab+normal正常的→ 反常的）

abuse滥用（ab+use用→用坏→滥用）

absent缺席的（ab+sent出现→没有出现→缺席的）

abstract抽象的；心不在焉的（abs+tract拉→拉开→抽象的心不在焉）

(1)be absorbed in doing sth.专心做某事

be buried/occupied/caught/trapped/located in

absorb...into...把……吸收进……

(2)absorbed adj.全神贯注的，一心一意的

absorbent adj.可吸收的，容易被吸收的

Exercise :

_______________________(专心于他的工作）, he didn’t notice I was coming. （absorb)

7. contribute vt.& vi.捐款；贡献；捐助

Con- 前缀表示全部contribute( con-tribute贡金, 贡物→贡献）

conclude结束；总结(con+clude关闭→全部关闭→结束)

confirm坚定；证实(con+firm坚定)

condense凝结；浓缩(con+dense浓密的)

consolidate巩固，加强(con+solid坚固+ate→巩固，加强）

Conflict冲突（con+flict打→一起打斗→冲突）

(1)contribute...to...把……贡献给……

contribute to...导致……；向……投稿；有助于……

(2)contribution n．贡献；捐款；稿件

make a contribution to（介词)对……作出贡献

make achievements to

Proper rest and enough sleep _______ to good health.

A appeal

B apply

C contribute

D accustom

2.Many people contributed money to the poor boy，which__________________________________(contribute)

许多人给这个可怜的小男孩捐钱,使他重新回到了校园．

4. cure n．治愈；痊愈

vt.治愈；治疗；解决

Cure a patient/ a disease 治愈病人、疾病

cure sb. of 治愈某人的疾病；矫正某人的不良行为

a cure for sth. 治疗……的方法；对策

1,It is lucky that the doctor has ______the pain in my shoulder. I can do everything now.

A ended

B restored

C prevented

D cured

辨析cure/treat/heal/recover

(1)cure意为“治疗；治愈”，多用于用药物治疗并治愈某种疾病或改正不良习气。

That pill cured my headache.那药治好了我的头疼。

(2)treat为日常用语，意为“治疗；医治”，指治疗病人的全过程或活动。

(3)heal意为“治愈(伤口); 医治”，指治好外伤或烧伤后的患部，使伤口愈合，不用于治疗感冒等疾病。

The wound on my arm has healed.我胳膊上的伤已治好了。

(4)recover意为“痊愈；复原”，主要是指从病中痊愈，常与from连用。

He's now fully recovered from his bad cold.

他现在已从重感冒完全康复了。

9. put forward提出（come up )，建议；推荐；将……提前(状元桥P115）

put aside 节省，储蓄，储存

put away 放好，积蓄

put back 放回，拨回

put down 记下，镇压

put in 放入，加进

put off 延期，推迟(delay)

Put on 穿上，上演

Put out 扑灭，熄灭，出版

Put up 举起，张贴，公布，搭建，挂起

Put up with= stand / bear / tolerate 忍受

put through接通电话

1.---Why is he feeling down today?

---Because the suggestion he _____has been turned down.

A put out

B put off

C put down

D put forward

2 . The citizens expect some new plans_____________________(提出）by the local authorities to solve the problems of traffic jam. (put)

第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该题涂黑。

It always seems that having traditions is a good thing. They create 41 that will last a lifetime. So when our children, David and Darla, were preschoolers we started a family Christmas 42 . It was our tree-trimming (装饰) party and it would be complete with eggnog (蛋奶酒) and pfeffernüsse cookies.

The kids were 43 as we pulled the freshly-cut tree into the house. It smelled so good. We would turn on the Christmas 44 and the tree trimming would begin.

Our hearts seemed to 45 to the rhythm of the Christmas songs. The kids’ eyes twinkled with excitement. It was a heartwarming 46 . When finished, we would sit enjoying the eggnog and pfeffernüsse cookies.

Years later, when my daughter, Darla, was home from college, she 47 to help trim the tree. I was so 48 .

Before we 49 it, the tree trimming was finished. It was a beautiful tree and its 50 smell filled the room. As we had done every year before, I brought out the eggnog and the pfeffernüsse cookies for our traditional 51 .

Then, amidst the laughter, Darla suddenly got very 52 and said she had something to tell me. From her 53 and body language, I knew she was 54 it.

She sat down next to me. Then very 55 and caringly, Darla looked at me in the eye and said, “Mom, I’ve 56 liked pfeffernüsse cookies.”

Then I realized the absolute importance of what she had just said. W hy didn’t she ever tell me? In all those childhood years, rather than 57 Mom’s feelings and spoil Mom’s tradition, she had endured the cookies 58 . From a child’s heart, year after year after year she had given me the gift of 59 !

My daughter taught me a very important lesson in life: The best 60 aren’t always found under the Christmas tree.

41. A. wonders B. situations C. memories D. interests

42. A. party B. meeting C. habit D. tradition

43. A. excited B. curious C. helpful D. naughty

44. A. lights B. songs C. channels D. programmes

45. A. appeal B. speak C. talk D. dance

46. A. meal B. greeting C. evening D. end

47. A. offered B. refused C. needed D. remembered

48. A. apologetic B. regretful C. puzzled D. grateful

49. A. cut B. knew C. recalled D. asked

50. A. strange B. common C. pleasant D. unusual

51. A. dinner B. solution C. behavior D. celebration

52. A. annoyed B. inspired C. serious D. impolite

53. A. hesitation B. relaxation C. confidence D. attention

54. A. expecting B. fearing C. making D. discovering

55. A. urgently B. patiently C. humorously D. gently

56. A. ever B. yet C. never D. really

57. A. care B. hurt C. read D. express

58. A. silently B. painfully C. gradually D. unfairly

59. A. life B. sight C. love D. forgiveness

60. A. cookies B. relatives C. stories D. gifts

第二节语法填空（共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

My dear husband,

I am sending you this letter by e-mail so that you will be sure to read it. Please forgive us for leaving, but I think you should know 61 has happened at home since your computer entered our lives two years ago. You just spend all day playing games or 62 (chat) online. After all, both the kids and I need a normal life so we chose to leave. The children are doing well. Tommy is seven now and he is a bright and handsome boy. He has developed 63 great interest in arts. You should be very proud 64 him. Little Jennifer turned five in September. 65 is an attractive child and quite smart. She still remembers the day 66 you spent the whole afternoon with us on her birthday. Now we 67 (take) a trip and I have to do the packing. I have hired a housekeeper to take care of things while we are away. I believe she can put things 68 order, fill your coffee cup and bring your meals to your desk, just the way you like it. I hope you and the computer will have a 69 (love) time while we are not at home. Tommy, Jennifer and I will miss you often. Try to remember us while your computer is booting, or call me on condition 70 you think we are more important than the computer.

Love,

Your wife

第一节短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词。

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

I had an unusual experience today. In the morning, I was walking along a street while I saw a lady knocked down by truck. But the driver just drove away.Without some hesitation, I rushed across the street to help her. I put her on my back and carry her to a hospital nearby. On reaching at the hospital, however, she started to accuse me of knocking her down

and demanded I paid for the hospital bills. That really surprised me !Although I managed to explain, she insisted that I was the very person whom was responsible for the accident! I was total puzzled. Is it right or wrong to help others people? What should I do next time?

完形填空

41-45 CDABD 46-50 CADBC 51-55 DCABD 56-60 CBACD

语法填空

61. what 62. chatting 63. a 64. of 65. She 66. when 67. are taking 68. in 69. lovely 70. that

短文改错

I had an unusual experience today. In the morning, I was walking along a street while I saw

when

a lady knocked down by ∧truck. But the driver just drove away.Without some hesitation, I

a any

rushed across the street to help her. I put her on my back and carry her to a hospital nearby. On

carried

reaching at the hospital, however, she started to accuse me of knocking her down and demanded

arriving 或去at

I paid for the hospital bills. That really surprised me !Although I managed to explain, she pay tried

insisted that I was the very person whom was responsible for the accident! I was total puzzled.

who totally

Is it right or wrong to help others(other) people? What should I do next time?