中考英语英语阅读理解汇编试题经典含解析.docx

中考英语英语阅读理解汇编试题经典含解析

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编

1．阅读理解

SAFETY RULES ON THE MTR TRAINS

At the station:

?Be patient. Line up on the platform （站台） and wait for the train.

?Be polite. Let passengers get off first.

?Do not rush onto the train. It is dangerous.

?When you hear a "beep" sound, do not get on the train. The door is closing. Wait for

another train.

On the train:

?Do not eat or drink on the train. It makes the train dirty.

?Do not run on the train.

?Give your seat to old men or women, the disabled or women carrying babies.

（1） The text is mainly about how to __________.

A. be a careful driver

B. buy MTR tickets

C. be a good passenger

D.

keep safe at home

（2） People who will get on the train should __________.

A. wait in line

B. open the door

C. ask for help

D. leave the seats

（3） When you hear a "beep" sound, ____________.

A. close the door

B. rush onto the train

C. get off the train at once

D. stop and wait for the next train

（4） The text is probably a __________.

A. report

B. notice

C. diary

D. poem

【答案】（ 1） C

（2） A

（3） D

（4） B

【解析】【分析】文章介绍了地铁站的一些应遵守的规则。

（ 1）细节理解题。根据SAFETY RULES ON THE MTR TRAINS可知，本文主要告诉读

者如何成为一名乘客，故答案是C。

（2）细节理解题。根据Be patient. Line up on the platform （站台） and wait for the

train. 可知，上火车应该排队等候，故答案是A。

（ 3）细节理解题。根据When you hear a "beep" sound, do not get on the train. The

door is closing. Wait for another train.可知，当你听到了警示声音，不能上车，要等下一

趟车，故答案是D。

（4）主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，这是一则通告或者告示，告诉乘客有关乘车安全

事宜，故答案是 B。

【点评】考查阅读理解题，本文涉及到了细节理解题和和主旨大意题。细节理解题比较简

单，可知直接从文章中找到答案，主旨大意题则需要根据结合文章的主要内容确定中心意

思。

2．阅读理解

A British company has made a new product to help us save money. The product is a wristband

that gives us an electric shock if we spend too much money. The wristband is called Pavlok. It is

linked to our bank account. It knows how much money we have in the bank. If we go shopping and there is not enough money in our bank account, the wristband makes an electric shock on

our wrists. This warns us not to overspend. The company is called Intelligent Environments. It wants to work with banks to help customers with their money. So far, no banks in Britain have

said they would ask their customers to wear Pavlok. They could start doing this in the future. The Pavlok wristband is part of the Internet of Things. This is the idea that everything in our life

will be connected to the Internet. The CEO of Intelligent Environments, David Webber, said people liked the idea of the Pavlok. Shoppers would rather get a small electric shock in the store from the wristband than get a big shock later when they see their bank account. Mr. Webber said the Pavlok would be great for people who cannot stop spending because they have no power or their power is weak. He added that many young people have the "ostrich effect". This is when people put their heads in the sand and buy things rather than look at how much money they have in their bank accounts.

（1） The company made the product to help itself _________.

A. make money

B. save money

C. spend money

D. rob money （2） The wristband has to work with _________.

A. shops

B. doctors

C. banks

D. Intelligent Environments （3） Mr. Webber thinks the wristband is _________.

A. helpless

B. great

C. a big surprise

D. cheap （4） You can read this passage in a _________.

A. health magazine

B. science magazine

C. sports magazine

D. weather report

【答案】（ 1） A

（2） C

（3） B

（4） B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了英国生产的帮助人们省钱的工具——腕带，如果你花钱多了，它会电击你，它是互联网的一部分。

（ 1）逻辑推理题，公司的目的是赚钱，他生产这种东西就为为了赚钱，故答案是A。

（ 2）细节理解题，根据It is linked to our bank account.可知它跟银行账户关联，故答案是

C。

B。

（ 3）逻辑推理题，根据最后一段的陈述可知，韦伯认为这种产品很棒，故答案是

（ 4）文章出处题，这是一篇科普性的文章，应出现在科学杂志上，故答案是B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、逻辑推理题和文章出处题。细节理解题可

以直接从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要结合具体语境，有已知内容推出未知的可能的事

实；文章出处题需要根据文章内容来判断文章的来源。

3．阅读理解

In your school, are you allowed to choose the subjects you want to learn? Of course, the answer is "No" here in China.

In America there is a school trying something new. At a high school in Florida, students will be able to choose their own classes. We all know that some students are better at some subjects

than others. Some students plan to go on to college, while others do not. At this school students

are able to find subjects they are interested in, and possibly even find the field （领域） they

would like to go into after finishing school. They are allowed to choose a subject like biology, math, a foreign language, or study skills like car repair （修理） .

Some people think this is a good idea, because it helps students think about what they want to do in the future, and the school helps to give them the knowledge and skills needed to get there. They say that giving the students the chance to choose their own classes makes high school more interesting. Others disagree. They think it will make it difficult for students to discover different possibilities （潜力） .They point out that fourteen-year-old teenagers are too young to know what they want to do in the future.

What do you think? Would you like to be able to choose your own classes? Many useful changes have been made in education, but seeing the differences in each student is also important. How can we help each student become a better student?

（1） Some people think allowing students to choose their own classes helps them _________.

（2） Some people don't agree students should choose their own classes because they think

_________.

A. some students are too nervous to make a right decision

B. some students shouldn't be workers in the future

C. some students care little about their own futures

D. some students aren't old enough to know what they want to do in the future

（3） Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. All the high schools in Florida give the students the chance to choose their own classes.

B. All the people think allowing students to choose their classes can help them find their own possibilities.

C. The school in Florida helps students by giving the knowledge and skills they will need.

D. In the writer's opinion, it's not important to see the differences in each student in school education.（4） What's the best title for the passage?

A. Chinese education

B. A new way of education

C. To change our education

D. To improve learning skills

【答案】（ 1） C

（2） D

（3） C

（4） B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了美国的教育现象，学生可以自己选择学习科目，

而在中国不能，有人认为这种制度好也有人认为不好。

（1）细节理解题，根据 Some people think this is a good idea, because it helps students think about what they want to do in the future, 可知允许学生选课可以帮着孩子们为未来做准备，故答案

是 C。

（2）细节理解题，根据 They point out that fourteen-year-old teenagers are too young to

know what they want to do in the future 可知，不同意的人认为，孩子们太小不知道他们未来想

做什么，故答案是 D。

（3）正误判断题，根据At this school students are able to find subjects they are

interested in, and possibly even find the field （领域） they would like to go into after finishing school. They are allowed to choose a subject like biology, math, a foreign

language, or study skills like car repair（修理）.可知，佛罗里达的这所学校既让学生们学

习知识，也让学生们学到技能，故答案是C。

（ 4）标题判断题，根据文章内容可知，文章介绍了美国的教育方式， B 选项最接近短文中

心思想，故答案是B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、正误判断题和标题判断题几种常考题型，细节

题要注意从文中寻找答案；正误判断题也属于细节理解题，需要根据文章内容进行正误判定；

标题判断题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想，最后凝练句式获取答案。

4．根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。

Meiyu, born in 1991, is from Turkey （土耳其） . She is the youngest child of her family. After high school, many people learned English or Japanese, but Meiyu decided to learn Chinese in university. She learned Chinese for four years in Ankara University in Turkey, and got her name Meiyu there.

Meiyu fell in love with Chinese after going to university. She became more interested after she knew more about Chinese history. In the beginning many people did not understand her decision. But they all said Meiyu had made a right choice when she graduated from university in 2013. Since then, more Chinese have been visiting Turkey. The trade between the two countries also requires Chinese-speaking people. "Speaking Chinese means more job opportunities." said Meiyu.

Now Meiyu has been in Wuhan, China for about two years. Besides going on studying Chinese, she shows great interest in Chinese kung fu as well, so she spends her free time on kung fu training with her coaches. Not only can kung fu help improve her health, but she is also fascinated by the history and culture behind it. Meiyu said, "The more I know about China, the luckier I feel to have been here. But the truth is that fun and pain go together in the process of learning."

Meiyu will graduate in June this year. Her friends want her to stay in China, but her parents

hope she can come back home. Meiyu thinks it is difficult to decide. "Even if I go back to Turkey,

I will choose Chinese language education as my job," said Meiyu.

（1） Where did Meiyu learn Chinese for four years?

A. In China.

B. In Turkey.

C. In India.

D. In Australia.（2） What's probably the meaning of the word "opportunities" in this passage?

A. 观点B顺.序C机.会D组.织

（3） Why does Meiyu spend her free time on kung fu training with her coaches?

A. Because she is interested in kung fu.

B. Because she has to learn kung fu to graduate.

C.

Because she wants to teach kung fu in Turkey.

D. Because she wants to take part in kung fu competitions.

（4） Who wants Meiyu to come back home after her graduation in June?

A. Her parents.

B. Her friends.

C. Her relatives.

D. Her classmates.

（5） What can you learn from the passage?

A. Meiyu lost courage when she was in Wuhan.

B. Chinese culture has greatly influenced Meiyu.

C. It's easy for Meiyu to choose whether to stay in China or not.

D. Many people didn't accept Meiyu's decision on education in 2013.

【答案】（ 1） B

（2） C

（3） A

（4） A

（5） B

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了梅雨在中国学习汉语文化的故事，她来自土耳其，大学毕业

后，她来到中国了解了更多与中国历史和文化有关的东西，还学习了中国功夫。

（1）细节题。根据 She learned Chinese for your years in Ankara University in Turkey 她在土耳

其安卡拉大学学习了四年中文，故选B。

（2）词义猜测题。根据 The trade between the two countries also requires Chinese-speaking

people. "Speaking Chinese means more job opportunities ，可知说中文意味着更多的工作“机会”，故 opportunities 的含义是“机会，故选 C。

（3）细节题。根据 she shows great interest in Chinese kung fu as well, so she spends her free

time on kung fu training with her coaches 可知，她对中国功夫也表现出极大的兴趣，所以她

把空闲时间花在与教练的功夫训练上，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据 Meiyu will graduate in June this year. Her friends want her to stay in China,

but her parents hope she can come back home 可知，她的朋友希望她留在中国，但她的父母

希望她能回家，故选 A。

（5）推理题。根据本文讲述了梅雨在中国学习汉语文化的故事，她来自土耳其，大学毕

业后，她来到中国了解了更多与中国历史和文化有关的东西，还学习了中国功夫，可知中

国文化对 Meiyu 有很大的影响，故选 B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻

找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相

关信息锁定词意。

5．阅读下列短文，从各题所给的A、 B、C、 D 四个选项中选出最佳选项

Artificial intelligence （ AI）（人工智能） is the ability of a computer program or a machine. The computer or the machine with AI can think and learn. It is also a field of study that tries to make computers "smart". John McCarthy, a scientist, came up with （提出） the name "artificial intelligence" over 60 years ago. Many things such as learning and problem solving can be done by computers, though not in the same way as people do.

An unusual goal of AI research is to create computer programs. They can learn, solve problems, and think logically （逻辑地） . At present, Al can successfully understanding human speech, recognizie （识别） human faces, operate self-driving cars and compete in some game systems like playing Chess. However, Some people also consider （认为） AI a danger to humans if it develops too quickly. A famous British scientist also was not for this kind of technology.

Math is the basic language of AI. If students are good at math, they will be more likely to become successful AI designers （设计者） in the future. We need not only bright students, but also average（普通的） students. As for （对于） average students ， if they get enough math skills, they can also become successful AI designers. Besides, a good knowledge of computer science is also necessary for AI designing.

Scientists hope to create creative （有创造力）and emotional （有感情的）AI. The AI can possibly understand human feelings or create art. Many ways and tools have been tried to discover this wide and exciting field.

（1） From Paragraph 1, we know that _____.

A. all problems can be solved by computers.

B. machines with AI can think and learn.

C. AI has been around for only 60 years.

D. AI works in the same way as people.

（2） According to the passage, what can't AI do at present?

A. Understand hunman speech.

B. Operate self-driving cars.

C. Compete in some game systems.

D. Understand human feelings.

（3） The underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refers to（指的是）.

A. chess.

B. a scientist.

C. the danger.

D. AI.

（4） According to the passage, if students want to become successful AI designers, they should learn well.

A. math and art.

B. art and technology.

C. math and computer science.

（5） Paragraph 4 mainly tells us the scientist D. art and computer science. about AI.

A. wishes.

B. worries.

C. feelings.

D. discoveries.【答案】（ 1） B

（2） D

（3） D

（4） C

（5） A

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了人工智能的发展，最新的成果，以及设计师必备的技能。

（ 1）细节题。根据The computer or the machine with AI can think and learn

我们知道具有AI 的机器可以思考和学习，故选B。

，可知从第 1 段（ 2）推理题。根据Scientists hope to create creative（有创造力）and emotional ,The AI can possibly understand human feelings or create art科学家们希望创造出富有创造性和情感的人

工智能，它可能理解人类的情感或创造出艺术，可知目前AI 不能理解人类的感受，故选D。

（3）词义猜测题。根据 However, Some people also consider （认为） AI a danger to humans

if it develops too quickly. 然而，如果人工智能发展得太快，一些人也认为它对人类有危险，

可知 it 指代 AI，故选 D。

（4）细节题。根据 if they get enough math skills, they can also become successful AI designers. Besides, a good knowledge of computer science is also necessary for AI designing. 如果他们有足够的数学技能，他们也可以成为成功的人工智能设计师。此外，对于人工智能

设计来说，良好的计算机科学知识也是必不可少的，可知根据文章，如果学生想成为成功

的人工智能设计师，他们应该学好数学和计算机科学，故选C。

（5）主旨题。根据 Scientists hope to create creative and emotional AI which can possibly understand human feelings or create art.科学家希望创造出能够理解人类情感或创造艺术的

具有创造性和情感化的人工智能。可知，第 4 段主要告诉我们科学家对人工智能的愿望，

故选 A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题和主旨题四种常考题型，

细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题

需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思

想。

6．阅读理解

After learning about these famous women, you will know you can do a lot for society, and

make a difference to the world in your lifetime.

Amelia Earhart （ 1897-1937 ）

Amelia Earhart was the first woman who ever flew alone across the Atlantic in 1932. She became the first woman pilot in 1935 after flying from

Hawaii to California. She began her lifelong dream of flying across the world in

1937. However, her flight went missing on that trip and she was never seen

again.

Helena Rubinstein （ 1870-1965 ）

Helena Rubinstein moved to Australia in 1902 without the ability to speak English. Later, she set up one of the world's first cosmetic （化妆品）

companies after mixing lanolin, which is an oil山 at comes from sheep's wool,

with flowers. Because of that, she became the world's richest woman at that

time.

Katharine Hepburn （ 1907-2003）

Katharine Hepburn was known for playing strong-willed women in her films. She won four Academy Awards（奥斯卡金像奖）for Best Actress, the

most an actress has ever won. Her new dress style made wearing trousers

acceptable to women, which wasn't allowed at that time.

Emmeline Pankhurst （ 1858-1928 ）

Emmeline was a great woman activist. She helped British women get the right to vote. She fought for the rights of women all the time with the help of

her husband in the late 19th century and early 20th century. After she lost her

husband, she worked together with her three daughters and formed The

（1） According to the passage, which word can best describe Amelia tarhart?

A. Brave.

B. Careful.

C. Lucky.

D. Energetic.（2） What was the problem for Helena Rubinstein when she moved to Australia?

（3） How many times did Katharine Hepburn win Academy Awards for Best Actress?

A. Once.

B. Twice.

C. Three times.

D. Four times.（4） What did Emmeline Pankhurst fight for during her lifetime?

（5） What do the four women above have in common?

A. A creative mind.

B. A warm heart.

C. A pioneer spirit.

D. A good education.

【答案】（ 1） A

（2） B

（3） D

（4） B

（5） C

【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了四位著名的女性，以及她们对社会的贡献。

（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Amelia Earhart was the first woman who ever flew alone

across the Atlantic in 1932. Amelia Earhart 是第一个在 1932 年独自飞越大西洋的女人，可知她

是一个勇敢的女人。故选 A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段 Helena Rubinstein moved to Australia in 1902 without the ability to speak English. Helena Rubinstein 在 1902 年搬去澳大利亚的时候没有说英语的能

力，可知 Helena Rubinstein 的问题是她不会说英语。故选B。

（ 3）细节理解题。根据第三段She won four Academy Awards（奥斯卡金像奖）for Best Actress.可知， Katharine Hepburn 得了四次奥斯卡金像奖。故选D。

（4）细节理解题。根据第四段 She helped British women get the right to vote. She fought for

the rights of women all the time. 她帮助英国女性取得投票的权利，她总是为女性权利而斗

争，可知Emmeline Pankhurst 终身都为英国的女权而奋斗。故选B。

（ 5）推理判断题。通读全文可知，文中的四个女性都有一种先锋精神。故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题两种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻

找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

7．阅读理解

My family has had a great influence on me. When I was a kid, I learnt how to work from my family. My mum would never let me get away when there was something to be done. I learnt the importance of education. My parents would give me 50 dollars if I got As in school. They taught me how to use and save money. My mum taught me how to cook, how to clean, and basically everything I needed to know to live on my own. My dad taught me how to garden, how to do home improvement, how to treat women and girls with respect, and how to put other people's needs above my own. My brothers and sisters taught me how to make a decision in conflict （矛盾） . I'm 22now, and I'll get married next year. I learn things from my parents' marriage by examples. For example, I've never seen my parents really fight. They had disagreements, but they were always in control and never let anger get the best of them. I think that's great, and I'm going

to work towards that in my marriage.

I have a great family. I'm grateful that my parents chose to make it a great family.

（1） Who taught the writer to do some housework?

A. The mother.

B. The father.

C. The sisters.

D. The brothers.

（2） When will the writer have a new family?

A. At the age of 22.

B. At the age of 24.

C. At the age of 23.

D. At the age of 21.

（3） Which of the following is NOT true?

A. The writer's family influence the writer a lot.

B. The writer learns to save money.

C. The writer is a girl in the family.

D. The writer's parents never fight with each other.

（4） How will the writer's new family be according to the passage?

A. It will be a large family.

B. It will be a great family.

C. The family members will be different.

D. The family members will never get angry.

【答案】（ 1） A

（2） C

（3） C

（4） B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了作者的家庭对作者有很大的影响。

（1 ）推理题。根据My mum taught me how to cook, how to clean, and basically everything I needed to know to live on my own.我妈妈教我如何做饭，如何打扫卫生，以

及基本上我需要知道的独立生活所需的一切可知，作者的妈妈教他做家务，故选A。

I'm 22now, and I'll get married next year可知，作者23岁时会有一（ 2）推理题。根据

个新家庭，故选C。

（ 3）推理题。根据My dad taught me how to garden, how to do home improvement, how to treat women and girls with respect,我爸爸教我如何园艺，如何改善家庭，如何尊

重妇女和女孩可知作者是男孩，作者是家里的一个女孩是错的，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据 I have a great family. I'm grateful that my parents chose to make it a

great family.我有一个大家庭。我很感激我的父母选择让它成为一个伟大的家庭可知，作者的新家庭会是一个伟大的家庭故选 B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断

题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

8．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、 C和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

At 8, 844, 43 meters high, Mount Qomolangma is the tallest mountain on Earth. While it is famous for its beautiful views, parts of the mountain are facing a problem: rubbish. Every year, thousands of visitors throw away tons of rubbish, such as bottles and plastic bags.

According to the UN, over 140 tons of rubbish has been left on the mountain. To reduce rubbish, China is limiting （限制） the number of people who are allowed to climb up the north side of the mountain. Only 300 people will be allowed to climb it, and only during spring.

Local people cleaned the mountain last year, removing rubbish at a height of 5,200 meters.

They collected about 8.4 metric tons（公吨）of rubbish.

This year, the local government plans to spend 4 million yuan on a new clean-up activity. The local government is also setting up stations to sort （分类） , recycle and break down rubbish collected from the mountain. A group of artists will also try to turn the rubbish into art works.

They will show these works of art to remind people not to leave rubbish when climbing the mountain.

（1） What problem are parts of Mount Qomolangma facing?

A. Air pollution

B. Rubbish

C. Noise

D. Water pollution

（2） How many people will be allowed to climb up the north side of the mountain during spring? A. 140 B. 5, 200 C. 4 million D. 300（3） The underlined word "removing" in Paragraph 3 probably means ________.

A. using up

B. making better

C. putting on

D. taking away

（4） The artists will show their art works in order to ________.

（5） What kind of writing is this?

A. A notice.

B. News.

C. A story.

D. An advertisement.【答案】（ 1） B

（2） D

（3） D

（4） D

（5） B

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了珠穆朗玛峰部分山区正面临着一个垃圾问题，每年成千上万

的游客扔掉大量垃圾，一群艺术家也将试图把垃圾变成艺术品。

（1）细节题。根据 At 8, 844, 43 meters high, Mount Qomolangma is the tallest mountain on Earth. While it is famous for its beautiful views, parts of the mountain are facing a problem:

rubbish. 可知，珠穆朗玛峰的部分地区面临垃圾问题，故选B。

（ 2）细节题。根据Only 300 people will be allowed to climb it, and only during spring.可知，春天有 300 人将被允许爬上这座山的北边，故选D。

（3）词义猜测题。根据 Local people cleaned the mountain last year, removing rubbish at a height of 5,200 meters. 可知 cleaned 清扫即是拿走垃圾的意思，removing 的意思是taking away 带走，故选D。

（4）细节题。根据 They will show these works of art to remind people not to leave rubbish

when climbing the mountain 他们将展示这些艺术品来提醒人们爬山时不要留下垃圾艺

术家们将展示他们的艺术作品，以便提醒人们不要在珠穆朗玛峰扔垃圾，故选

（5）主旨题。根据本文介绍了珠穆朗玛峰部分山区正面临着一个垃圾问题，每年成千上万的游客扔掉大量垃圾，一群艺术家也将试图把垃圾变成艺术品可知本文是新闻，故选B。

可知，D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、词义猜测题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻

找答案，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意，主旨题需要通读全文，了解

大意之后找出中心思想。

9．阅读理解

Almost all cultures celebrate the end of one year and the beginning of another in some ways. Different cultures celebrate the beginning of a new year in different ways, and at different times

on the calendar.

In Western countries, people usually celebrate New Year from midnight on December 31st to January 1st, People may go to parties, sometimes dressed in formal （正式的） clothes, and they may drink champagne（香槟） at midnight. During the first minute of the new year, people cheer and wish each other happiness for the year ahead, But some cultures prefer to celebrate

the new year by waking up early to watch the sunrise. They welcome the new year with the

first light of the sunrise.

Many cultures also do special things to get rid of（摆脱）bad luck at the beginning of a new year. For example, in Ecuador, families make a big doll from old clothes, The doll is filled with old newspapers and firecrackers. At midnight, these dolls are burned to show the bad things from the past year are gone and the new year can start afresh （重新） . Other common traditions to keep away bad luck in a new year include throwing things into rivers or the ocean, or saying special things on the first day of the new year.

Other New Year traditions are followed to bring good luck in the new year. One widespread Spanish tradition for good luck is to eat grapes on New Year's Day. The more grapes a person eats, the more good luck he will have in the new year. In France, people eat pancakes for good luck on New Year's Day. In the United States, some people eat black-eyed peas for good luck-but to get good luck for a whole year, you have to eat 365 of them!

（1） The passage is mainly about____________.

A. the meaning of "Happy New Year!

B. several different New Year traditions

C. what to eat on New Year's Day

D. why people dress up nicely on New Year's Day

（2） It's clear that____________.

（3） To have a happy new year, ____________.

（4） When eating black- eyed peas on New Year's Day, people think____________.

A. one pea brings one day of luck

B. black- eyed peas are the best medicine

C. the peas are too black and taste bad

D. the peas are helpful to count numbers

【答案】（ 1） B

（2） A

（3） C

（4） A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了西方国家不同的庆祝新年的方式，

（1）主旨大意题，通过阅读全文可知，短文主要介绍了不同国家不同的新年庆祝方式，

故答案是 B。

（2）细节理解题，根据But some cultures prefer to celebrate the new year by waking

up early to watch the sunrise.可知，一些国家喜欢在早晨庆祝新年，故答案是A。

（3）细节理解题，根据But some cultures prefer to celebrate the new year by waking

up early to watch the sunrise. They welcome the new year with the first light of the sunrise. 可知，为了过一个快乐的新年，人们要早起看日出，故答案是 C。

（4）细节理解题，根据 In the United States, some people eat black-eyed peas for good luck-

but to get good luck for a whole year, you have to eat 365 of them! 可知人们认为吃一颗黑豆会带

来一天的好运，故答案是 A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要可以直接从文

中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

10．阅读理解

Students in Kenya are returning for their third term. They begin their school year in January

and it is broken up into three terms. In Kenya, in the past, students were not required to attend school and the education was not free, either.

I taught math, English and physics at Chamasiri Secondary School while I was a teacher in Kenya. This school had four classrooms ﹣ one for each grade, Form 1, Form 2, Form 3 and Form 4. They are the equivalent （对等） to our 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th grades. Teachers traveled from classroom to classroom instead of the students going from room to room. The Form I class had 60 students, Form 2 had 45, Form 3 had 30, and Form 4 about 12 students. The class sizes became smaller as the grades continued on. Why did this happn? Many families were very poor and could not afford the school fees （学费） .

Most countryside schools in Kenya did not have a lot of money. As a result, there were very

few textbooks for the students to use. I had seven math texts for my Form 2 class and 14 for the Form I class. Anything the students needed to know was put up on the blackboard and the

students copied it down into their notebooks. The notebooks became the students' textbooks.

Kenyan students study ten different subject areas. Some of the students spend over an hour

running home. They do chores at home and hopefully manage to find some time to study before

it gets dark. Most families do not have electricity and may not even have candies for their children to study by.

Luckily, Kenyan education has been becoming better and better in the past few years. I'm

sure it will have a good future.

（1） Which grade does Form 3 refer to （指的是）in the writer's country A. Grade 9. B. Grade 10. C. Grade 11.（2） Why did the notebooks become the students' textbooks？？

D. Grade 12.

（3） Why do some students run home from school ？

（4） According to the passage, which of the following is NOT TRUE ？

A. In Kenya, a school year has three terms.

B. The Form I class had the most students.

C. Each family has electricity in Kenya.

D. Kenyan education has been improving.

【答案】（ 1） C

（2） B

（3） C

（4） C

【解析】【分析】本文介绍Chamasiri Secondary School 的情况，这个学校有四个班，一个

年级一个班，到这里来就读的学生一般都是穷人家的孩子，学生在这学习10 门科目。

（ 1）细节理解题。根据Form 1， Form 2 ， Form 3 and Form 4. They are the equivalent（对等） to our 9th ， 10th ， 11th and 12th grades.第一组、第二组、第三组和第四组，他们分

别对应 9、 10、 11、 12 年级，故选C。

（ 2）细节理解题。根据Most countryside schools in Kenya did not have a lot of money.肯尼亚的大多乡村学校没有很多钱，故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据 Some of the students spend over an hour running home. They do chores at home and hopefully manage to find some time to study before it gets dark. Most

families do not have electricity and may not even have candies for their children to study by. 一些学生花费一个多小时跑回家，他们在家做家务并希望天黑之前找到一些时间去学习，大多

家庭没有电，甚至没有蜡烛供孩子们学习用，因此孩子们跑回家是为了有更多的时间学

习，故选C。

（ 4）细节理解题。题目问以下哪一个选项是不对的，根据Most families do not have

electricity and may not even have candies for their children to study by.可知，大多家庭没有

电，甚至没有蜡烛供孩子们学习用。 C 选项意为肯尼亚的每个家庭都有电，与原文不符，

故选 C。

【点评】考查阅读理解能力，细节题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题要从文中寻找答

案。

11．阅读理解

It's hard to turn down a tasty banana. They taste good and you don't have to wash them

before eating them. However, British scientists say that the fruit may disappear by 2050.

One reason for this is climate （气候） change. Scientists at the University of Exeter collected data（数据） from 27 countries and regions that produce 86 percent of the world's bananas. They found that climate change has improved growing conditions in 21 of these countries. In the past 60 years, the average yield （平均产量） has reached 1.37 tons of bananas per hectare （公顷） .

However, if temperatures keep rising, this advantage will disappear. Ten of the countries, including India, the world's biggest producer of bananas, will produce fewer bananas. By 2050,

the fruit may die out.

Shouldn't bananas grow more easily if it's hotter outside? In fact, the perfect temperature range for growing bananas is between 24 and 32 C. If temperatures get too high, they will stop growing.

Diseases are another danger to bananas. Unlike other crops, the bananas we grow come from shoot cuttings （茎段） rather than seeds. This means that all banana plants have the same genotype （基因型） . In other words, if a disease is able to kill one plant, it could kill them all.

One serious disease is called Panama. Caused by fungus（真菌） in the soil, it spreads easily. It has spread across South Asia, Africa, the Middle East, and Australia. If one banana plantation （种植园） suffers from the disease, it will take 30 years until it is able to grow bananas again. Scientists have yet to find a cure for this disease.

（1） What does the underlined word " this" in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A. People's love for bananas.

B. The taste of bananas.

C. The convenience of eating bananas.

D. The future disappearance of bananas.

（2） What might happen if temperatures keep going higher?

（3） What does Paragraph 5 tell us?

A. What diseases bananas may suffer from.

B. How bananas are grown.

C. How diseases can easily kill bananas.

D. Which diseases can kill bananas.

（4） The passage is written to ________.

A. offer tips for growing bananas

B. explain why bananas may die out

C. show the difficulties of growing bananas

D. describe bananas' growing conditions

【答案】（ 1） D

（2） C

（3） C

（4） B

【解析】【分析】主要讲了香蕉可能消失的原因。

（1）推断题。根据前句 However, British scientists say that the fruit may disappear by 2050. 可知介绍了香蕉可能消失的原因，所以this 代指香蕉消失，故选D。

（2）细节题。根据 However, if temperatures keep rising, this advantage will disappear. Ten of the countries, including India, the world's biggest producer of bananas, will produce fewer bananas. By 2050, the fruit may die out 可知温度持续上升，香蕉将更少，最终可能消失，即

不能生长，故选 C。

（3）细节题。根据 Diseases are another danger to bananas. 可知疾病是香蕉的另一个危险，

即疾病是怎样杀死香蕉的，故选C。

（ 4）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了香蕉可能消失的原因，故选B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意

从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了

解大意之后找出中心思想。

12．阅读理解

Andrew Hollennan, a 12-year-old boy, loved playing in the open land near his home. The

land was wet and forested, and made a home for birds, other animals and many different plants.

It made the perfect place for him to study and get to know the nature. He had seen some red-

tail hawks, red foxes, wood turtles and other animals. He also found special native flowers.

Suddenly it was announced that the "empty" land would be improved by a lot of houses on it. The plants would be removed, the animals would run away and most would probably die. Then

the wet soil would be covered with extra grounds. When he heard about the news, he was

not happy. He was very worried that the land and water would be polluted.

Andrew wrote down clearly all the researches he had down about the area, and how the houses would affect the local environment. He sent letters to members of local government and television reporters. He also called on his neighbors to oppose the building of the houses. Although he was only 12 years old, he had the courage and wisdom of a person much older. Andrew's teachers described him as gentle, shy and active. His classmates also admired how much he knew about local animals and plants, and the environment. Each day after school, Andrew went door-to-door, to ask the people to sign, who did not want the houses to be built. In only one month, he got the signatures of 250 people.

In the end, the land remained a safe place for birds, animals and plants that belonged there.

Andrew won many prizes for his brave and great work to stop the houses being built, and thus

help save the environment.

（1） The passage is mainly about _______.

（2） The underlined word "oppose" in the passage probably means______.

A. support

B. dislike

C. disagree

D. prefer

（3） Andrew was very worried because _______.

（4） We can infer that _______.

A. The land would remain as it used to be

B. The open land would be built into a park

C. The neighbors would have to move away

D. Andrew would soon work for the government

【答案】（ 1） B

（2） C

（3） B

（4） A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了12 岁的小男孩Andrew 是怎样阻止建筑物在空地上建立的。

（1）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了12 岁的小男孩 Andrew 是怎样阻止建筑物在空地上

建立的。，即是怎样关心环境的，故选B。

（2）推断题。根据全文可知Andrew 反对建立建筑物，所以他号召邻居反对建筑物的建

立，所以oppose 意思是反对，不同意，即disagree，故选 C。

（3）细节题。根据 Suddenly it was announced that the "empty" land would be improved by a

lot of houses on it. 可知新建筑物将在空地上被建立，所以Andrew 是担心的，故选B。

（4）推断题。根据 In the end, the land remained a safe place for birds, animals and plants

that belonged there. 可知最后，这片土地仍然是属于那里的鸟类、动物和植物的安全之地。

即这片陆地仍然和以前一样，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意

从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了

解大意之后找出中心思想。

13．阅读理解

A few months ago we started a blog at https://www.360docs.net/doc/ad356419.html, called Confessions（自白）of an English

Learner. This blog is for you to share your stories about language misunderstandings, and to laugh, cry and sympathize （同情） with other people's stories.

Adam from Taiwan wrote that he was taking a tour with his son in Hawaii. His son had gone to the restroom. The tour guide asked where the boy was, and Adam answered, "He is in the toilet." In other countries, that answer might have made perfect sense. But in the United States, most people would say "He's in the restroom." or "He's in the bathroom." To Americans, a "toilet" is

what you find in a restroom instead of the name for the room itself. So you can see why saying

"in the toilet" might have sounded funny.

Michele from France had a funny and maybe somewhat painful story to tell. She was visiting London and the weather was very cold and rainy. She went into an Indian restaurant and ordered

a meal. The waiter asked if she wanted it "hot". She was surprised by the question and said, "Yes, very, very hot." Michele said after she took her first bite she realized her misunderstanding. The food was very, very spicy （辣的） .So be careful the next time someone asks if you want your food "hot". It can also refer to （指） the flavor （味道） .

（1） On Confessions of an English learner, you should tell.

A. stories about the best ways you improve your English

B. stories about mistakes you made in learning English

C. experience you've got in English-speaking countries

D. stories about your trip in English-speaking countries

（2） When the waiter asked Michele questions about "hot", she thought the waiter referred to.

A. the weather

B. the temperature

C. the flavor

D. the room （3） The writer wrote the passage by.

A. giving examples

B. giving suggestions

C. listing some points

D. asking questions

【答案】（ 1） B

（2） B

（3） A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：主要写的是一个英语学习者的自白所犯的语言错误的事。

（1）细节题。根据 This blog is for you to share your stories about language misunderstandings 可知，这个博客是为了分享所犯的语言错误，所以在这个博客上，你会说所犯的错误，故

选 B。

（ 2）细节题。根据 the weather was very cold and rainy 和 waiter asked if she wanted it "hot". She was surprised by the question and said, "Yes, very, very hot." 可知，天气很冷，所以服务员

为 hot 时，作者以为是要热菜，认为hot 是温度的意思，故选（ 3）细节题。通读全文，作者通过写犯错的例子来阐述的，故选【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题要注意从文中寻找答案。B。

A。

14．阅读理解

Once upon a time in a land far away, there was a wonderful old man who loved all kinds

of small animals, such as spiders, insects and butterflies and so on.

One day while walking through the woods, the nice old man found a cocoon （茧）of a butterfly. He took it home.

A few days later, a small opening appeared. He sat and watched the butterfly for several hours

as it struggled to make its body out of that little hole. Then it seemed to stop making any progress. It appeared it could go no farther.

Then the man decided to help the butterfly, so he took a pair of scissors and snipped off the remaining bit of the cocoon. The butterfly then got out of the cocoon easily.

But it had a swollen （肿胀的）body and small shriveled （枯萎的）wings. The man continued to watch the butterfly because he expected that, at any moment,the wings would enlarge to be able to support the body, which would contract （收缩）in time. Neither

happened! In fact, the butterfly spent the rest of its life crawling around with a swollen body

and shriveled wings.

What the warm-hearted man in his kindness did not understand was that the restricting cocoon and the struggle required for the butterfly to get through the tiny opening were Nature's way of forcing fluid （体液） from the body of the butterfly into its wings, so that it would be ready for flight once it achieved its freedom from the cocoon.

Sometimes struggles are exactly what we need in our life. If we were allowed to go through

our life without any difficulties, it would be bad for us. We would not be as strong as what we could have been. And we could never fly.

（1） How did the butterfly get out of the cocoon according to the passage?

A. It got out of the cocoon by itself.

B. The cocoon was broken.

C. The old man helped it get out.

D. Another butterfly helped it.

（2） What does the underlined word "struggle" mean?

A. Try very hard to.

B. Have to.

C. Have great difficulties to.

D. Fight against.（3） When did the old man decide to help the butterfly?

A. When the old man saw it.

B. When the small opening appeared.

C. As soon as the old man got home.

D. After the butterfly struggled for several hours.

（4） Where should the missing sentence "It never was able to fly" be put?

A. Between Paragraph 3 and 4.

B. Between Paragraph 4 and 5.

C. Between Paragraph 5 and 6.

D. Between Paragraph 6 and 7.

（5） What can we learn from the story?

A. We shouldn't help others.

B. We can't get over difficulties.

C. Difficulties are helpful in our life sometimes.

D. Helping others is a good thing.

【答案】（ 1） C

（2） A

（3） D

（4） C

（5） C

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了一个哲理小故事。一个老人好心帮助蝴蝶从蚕茧

里出来，结果因为缺少了斗争的过程，这只蝴蝶无法飞行，告诉我们人生就是一个结论困

难的过程，不经历困难，我们就无法取得成功。

（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 Then the man decided to help the butterfly, so he took a

pair of scissors and snipped off the remaining bit of the cocoon. The butterfly then got out of the cocoon easily.理解可知，在老人的帮助下，这只蝴蝶很快从茧中爬出来，故选C。

（2）词义推断题。根据文中的语句 He sat and watched the butterfly for several hours as it struggled to make its body out of that little hole. Then it seemed to stop making any progress. It appeared it could go no farther. 理解可知， struggle 的基本含义是挣扎，故选A。

（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句He sat and watched the butterfly for several hours as it struggled to make its body out of that little hole.与Then the man decided to help the butterfly, so he took a pair of scissors and snipped off the remaining bit of the cocoon.可知，蝴蝶挣扎了

几个小时以后，老人决定帮助蝴蝶，故选D。

（4）理解推断题。根据第五段中的语句Neither happened! In fact, the butterfly spent the

rest of its life crawling around with a swollen body and shriveled wings.可以推断得出，这只蝴蝶永远也飞不起来了，因此放在第五和第六段之间，故选C。

（5）理解归纳题。根据文章最后一段If we were allowed to go through our life without any

obstacles and difficulties, it would disable us ． We would not be as strong as what we could have been ． And we could never fly ．说明在我们的人生中障碍和困难是人生的财富，因为有了他

们，才让我们走向成功，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题，推理判断题和主旨题等常考题型，

细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题，词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全

文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。

15．阅读理解

How The Little Kite Learned To Fly?

By Katherine Pyle

"I never can do it," the little kite said,

As he looked at the others high over his head.

"I know I should fall if I tried to fly."

"Try,"said the big kite, "only try!

Or I fear you never will learn at all."

But the little kite said, "I'm afraid I'll fall."

The big kite said, "Ah, well, good-bye;

I am off." And he rose towards the sky.

Then the little kite's paper stirred （微动） .

And he shook himself free for flight.

First whirling （回旋） and scared, then bravery grown,

Up, up he rose through the air alone,

While far below he could see the ground,

And the boys like small ants moving round.

"Oh, how happy I am!" the little kite cried.

"And all because I was brave and tried."

（1） This writing is a/an.

A. ad

B. poem

C. notice

（2） When the little kite was afraid, the big kite.

A. helped it to fly

B. laughed at it

C. said nothing to it （3） The little kite flew high at last because it.

A. tried bravely

B. was careful

C. grew up

D. story

D. encouraged it

D. was free

【答案】（ 1） B （2） D

（3） A