初中英语并列复合句与状语从句
并列复合句与状语从句
并列复合句
由并列连词( and, but, or, so, not only…but also, however, neither… nor, either…or, still)把两个或两个以上的互相独立的分句连接而成的句子叫做并列句。并列句之间的关系有并列、转折、选择、因果等关系。
1. 并列关系He is a lovely boy and he is helpful.他很可爱，乐于助人。
2．转折关系I can come, but will be a little late.我能来，但是要稍晚一些。
3. 选择关系Either give a hand, or leave right away.或者帮忙，或者立刻离开。
4. 因果关系She is kind to the others, so all of us love her. 她对别人很好，所以我们都喜欢她。
状语从句
在复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词和副词的从句叫状语从句。例如：
He didn't go to school yesterday because he was ill.（修饰动词go）昨天他没去上学，因为他病了。
We must study so well as our teacher hoped.（修饰副词well）我们应该学得你我们老师希望的那么好。
Lucy is younger than Jim(is)。（修饰形容词younger）露茜比吉姆年轻。
状语从句的语序应是主语+谓语+其他成分，即陈述句的语序。
状语从句的位置，可以放在主句前面或后面，但是若放在主句前面，要用逗号与主句分开；主句若是疑问句，那么时间状语从句只能放在主句的前面。
状语从句的用法
状语从句根据它表达的意思不同可分为时间状语从句、原因状语从句、条件状语从句、比较状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句和让步状语从句。状语从句如果放在主句前通常用逗号分开。
1）时间状语从句
时间状语从句由when, while, after, before, since, as soon as, till, until等连词引导。
例如： I went to bed after the TV play was ever. 电视剧完了以后我上床睡觉。
Could you look after her while we're away? 我们不在时你能照顾她吗？
She has taught in this school since she came to this city in 1989.
自从一九八九年她来到这座城市以来一直在这所学校教书。
Wait until I come back. 请你等到我回来。
注意：如主句是一般将来时，则表示将来的时间状语只用一般现在时。
例如： I'll write to you as soon as I get to Beijing. 我一到北京就将写信给你。
It will get warmer and warmer when spring comes. 春天来临时，天气将变得越来越暖和。
2）原因状语从句
原因状语从句由because, as, since等连词引导。
例如： He sold the car because it was too small. 他卖掉那辆小汽车，因为它太小了。
Since you won't help me, I must do the job myself. 你既然不帮我忙，我必须自己做这项工作。
As my mother is away at this moment, I have to look after my younger sister.
由于我的妈妈现在不在，我不得不照顾我的妹妹。
注意： a）because, as, since, for的用法辨析
because, as, since, for都是表示各种理由的连词，但because多表示所叙述的理由是本句的重点，故because所引导的从句常放在句末。
例如： Why was he absent? Because he was badly ill. 他为什么缺度？因为他病得很重。
as, since用于表示理由是已知，而理由以外才是叙述的重点，两者皆多用于句首，但要注意since重形式，as多表示理由以外的才是重点。
例如： As it is raining, let's stay as home. 因为下雨，我们就留在家里吧。
Since you have no license, you are not allowed to drive. 因为你没有驾驶执照，所以你不可以开车。
for不用于句首，而用于主句之后，补充说明理由；主句表推测时，用for
说明原因。
例如： I'll follow his advice, for he is a doctor. 我会听从他的劝告，因为他是医生。
b）because of也是表示原因状语，但后面只能跟短语。例如：
I stayed at home because of the bad weather. 因为天气不好我留在家里。
3）比较状语从句
比较状语从句由than或as来引导。例如：
I feel better now than (I was) before. 我现在觉得比以前好了。
He writes as well as you (do). 他写得和你一样好。
This problem is more difficult than that one (is). 这道题比那道题难。
4）条件状语从句
条件状语从句由if, unless（= if not）算连词引导。条件从句中的动词多用一般现在时表示将来。例如： I shall go if he asks me. 如果他请我，我就去。
I shan't go unless he asks me. 除非他请我，否则我是不去的。
I shall go, whether he asks me or not. 不管他请不请我，我都要去。
Come with me if you have time. 如果你有时间请跟我来。
I want to watch a basketball match if I'm well tonight.
如果今晚我好了的话，我要看一场篮球赛。
由and连接的简单句，可以用条件状语从句来改写。例如：
Run faster and you'll catch up with him. 跑快点儿你就会赶上他。
=If you run faster, you'll catch up with him. 如果你跑得快点，你就会赶上他。
5）结果状语从句
结果状语从句由so that, so… that引导。例如：
He has lost his bike so that he can't come to school on time.（结果状语）他去了自行车，所以不能准时到校。
Your shirt were so dirty that you must wash it.（结果状语）你的衬衣这么脏，你应该把它洗洗。
注意：由so…that引导的状语从句若是表示否定意思，可以用too…to （太…而不能）来替换。
例如： She was so angry that she could not say a word. =She was too angry to say a word. 她气得说不出话来。
6）让步状语从句
让步状语从句一般用though（虽然）、although（虽然）、even though
（即使）引导。
例如： Though/Although he tried hard, he was not successful. 他虽然
努力尝试，但没有成功。
He went on working though it was very late. 虽然很晚了，他还在继续
工作。
注意： 1．汉语中的“虽然…但是…”在英语中用连词though就可以了，或
单独使用but连接两个并列句也可以，但不能在一个句子中同时用这两个连词（主
句前不用连词）。
例如：“虽然我很喜欢照顾我姐姐的婴儿，但她不让我干”。
这个句子我们可以用下面两种方法来表达。
Though I like looking after my sister's baby, she doesn't let me do it.
I like looking after my sister's baby, but she doesn't let me do it.
=though可以与yet连用，这里yet虽然意思与but相同，但yet不是连
词，而是副词。
例如：Though it was cold, yet he went out without a coat. 虽然很
冷，但他没穿外衣就出去了。
二、复习时需要注意的要点
（1）当整句句子处于过去时的情况下，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。
（2）当整句句子处于将来时的情况下，总是主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
（3）由when引导的时间状语从句，句子处于将来时的情况下，与所有的时间状语从句一样，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。
例如：I am going to be a doctor when I grow up
（4）整句句子处于将来时的情况下，且两个动作同时进行，则持续的那个动作用过去进行时，瞬间的那个动作用一般过去时。
例如：I met my English teacher when I was walking in the street.
（5）像He turned on TV set at once when he got home，整句句子处于过去时的情况下，且两个动作先后发生，when=after，则时态与after一致，主句从句都用一般过去时。
（6）像The class had already begun when I entered the classroom.整句句子处于过去时的情况下，且两个动作先后发生，但这里的when=before，则时态与before一致，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。
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并列复合句与主从复合句
并列复合句与主从复合句 一、并列复合句“二步”学习法 并列复合句（简称并列句）与主从复合句（简称复合句）的区别是：并列句用并列连词连接两个或两个以上的句子，并表示句子与句子之间的并列关系。复合句是一个完整的句子，用连接词连接的从句充当句子的某一个成分，是主从关系。 试比较： Come here early , and you will see our manager . （两个句子之间是并列关系，没有从属关系，所以是并列复合句） If you come here early , you will see our manager . （句中If引导的条件状语从句和后面的主句有主从关系，从句从属于主句，所以是主从复合句） 二、掌握并列复合句的连词 并列句的连词由单个连词和连词词组两部分组成。 1、由and ,but ,or/or else , so , for 等并列连词把连个简单句连接起来而成为 并列复合句。 2、由并列连词词组连接成的并列复合句。常用的并列连词词组有not only …but also …. , either…or…, neither …nor…, not…but…, both…and…, as well as…等等
三、主从复合句“二步”学习法 主从复合句中的从句分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句等6种。前四种均相当于一个名词的作用-----名词性从句。 名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句 第一步、掌握复合句的结构 以下采用线条和图示的方法介绍复合句的结构： 说明： 主句：_________________ 从句：﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ 连接词： 1.主语从句的两种结构： ①连接词﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍谓_________________ Who are the winners hasn’t been announced . ②It谓_________________ 连接词﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍﹍ It hasn’t been announced who are the winners . 主语从句是整个句子作主语，他可以放在主句的谓语动词之前（结构①），但多数情况是it做形式主语（结构②），而把主语从句放在主句之后。如果主语从句太长，显得笨重，这是我们就采用结构② 这种it作形式主语的主从复合句有以下几种结构： ①It is ＋ n. ＋ that … ②It is ＋ adj. ＋that… ③It is ＋过去分词＋从句
初中英语语法状语从句专练及答案
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初中英语语法状语从句讲解专项练习及答案
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简单句：陈述句、感叹句、疑问句、祈使句 一、陈述句 陈述句用来陈述一件事情或者表达一种看法，有肯定和否定两种形式，句末通常 用句号，读降调。 1、肯定形式：主语+谓语+其他 The boy often helps others. 2、否定形式： (1)be的否定式：be用作系动词时：主语+be+not+表语+其他 She is not a teacher. be用作助动词时：主语+be+not+动词的现在分词或过去 分词+其他Jim isn’t playing football. (2)助动词、情态动词的否定 (3)除not外，其他否定词也可构成否定句：no、never、little、few、no one、nobody nothing、neither of....、seldom、too...to 二、感叹句 感叹句是用来表达人的特殊情感的句子。 1、what引导的感叹句 (1)What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数形式+主语+谓语！What a beautiful girl she is! ~ (2)What+形容词+可数名词复数形式+主语+谓语！What important jobs they have done! (3)What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语！What sweet water it is! 2、how引导的感叹句 (1)How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语！How interesting the dog is! (2)How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数形式+主语+谓语！How useful a subject it is! (3)How+主语+谓语！How time flies! 3、一些特殊形式
英语主从复合句大全
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中考英语主从复合句考点总结.
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初中英语语法状语从句-精华版
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