北京航空航天大学考博英语真题及解析
北京航空航天大学考博英语真题及解
析
(总分：100.00，做题时间：180分钟)
Ⅰ Reading Comprehension
Test One(总题数：1，分数：7.50)
Sixty days walking over ice and snow in temperature as low as -45℃, with nothing to keep you company except the occasional polar "bear". This is no small achievement. Only a few people have ever walked to the North Pole unassisted, and if Christina Franco succeeds, she will have earned a place in the history books and met one of the few remaining challenges of exploration left to women.
Her 480-mile journey will begin in northern Canada, dragging a sledge that weighs as much as she does. At the end of each day's walking or skiing, she will pitch her tent in subzero temperatures, get into a sleeping bag filled with ice, and attempt to sleep to the unsettling background sounds of howling wind and cracking ice, which may or may not signal the approach of one of those polar bears. "I'll carry a pistol to scare any bears away," says Franco, 42. "The bears that far north won't have had contact with humans, fortunately, so they won't associate me with food, but they will be curious and that's dangerous. If it uses a paw to see what you are, it could damage your tent—or your arm. I imagine I'll have quite a few sleepless nights."
Many of the early polar explorers suffered from disease and injuries, and while modem technology (lightweight materials, satellite phones, places on stand-by to carry out rescue missions) has lessened the dangers, it can never make such an inhospitable landscape anything approaching safe. It can take just five minutes for any uncovered skin to become frostbitten
and, once the sun has risen, Franco will only be able to remove her sunglasses inside her tent, otherwise the intensity of the sunlight reflecting off the snow would cause snow blindness. Just to heighten the danger, the cold will slow down her brain functions, so it will be more difficult to make split-second decisions in the event of a sudden crisis.
She will use about 8,000 calories a day, losing nearly half a kilogram every 24 hours. "The problem is that the human body can only take on about 5,500 calories a day," she says. "So you have to fatten up before you set off or you'll run out of energy." Franco is currently trying to put on 19 kilos. She may complain about not fitting into any of her dresses, but when Franco weighs herself in front of me and finds she's lost one kilo rather than gained two, as she'd expected, she's very upset. "I hope my scales are wrong because, if not, I've lost weight," she says, reaching for one of many bars of chocolate lying around her kitchen.
1. What does the writer say about the history of exploration? ______（分数：7.50）
A.Walking to the North Pole used to be considered easier than other journeys.
B.No woman has ever completed the journey to the geographic North Pole.
C.Female explorers have already done most of the world's difficult journeys. √
D.Franco is already an important historical figure for her previous journeys.
解析：根据第一段中的“Only a few people have ever walked to the North Pole unassisted, and if Christina Franco succeeds, she will have earned a place in the history books and met one of the few remaining challenges of exploration left to women.”可知，只有少数人曾独自走到北极，如果克里斯蒂娜·佛朗哥成功了，她将在史书中占有一席之地，完成为女性留下的尚未
完成的为数不多的探险挑战之一。据此可知，女性探险家们已经完成了世界上大多数的艰难旅程。C项正确。A、B和D三项均属无中生有，不正确。
Test Two(总题数：1，分数：7.50)
As a volunteer, John Apollos is losing weight—the old-fashioned way—by eating less. Apollos has lowered his daily calorie intake 25% over the past eight months. The fat, not surprisingly, has melted away. But that's not the real reason Apollos and the other participants in the program are eating only three-quarters of what they used to. The researchers are trying to determine whether restricting food intake can slow the ageing process and extend our life span. "I feel better and lighter and healthier," says Apollos. "But if it could help you live longer, that would be pretty amazing."
The idea is counterintuitive: If we eat to live, how can starving ourselves add years to our lives? Yet decades of calorie-restriction studies involving organisms ranging from microscopic yeast to rats have shown just that. Last July a long-term study led by researchers at the University of Wisconsin, found that calorie restriction seemed to extend the lives of humanlike rhesus monkeys (恒河猴) as well. The hungry primates fell victim to diabetes, heart and brain disease and cancer much less frequently than their well-fed counterparts did.
Scientists have suspected that calorie restriction could extend the life span of animals since at least 1935, when researchers at Cornell University noticed that severely food-restricted lab rats lived twice as long as normal ones and were healthier. Other investigators began exploring the idea and learned that the secret is not merely a matter of body weight.
One theory is that a state of slight hunger acts as a mild but constant stressor that makes an organism stronger and more resistant to the ills of ageing. Taking in fewer calories also slows metabolism, and some data
indicate that humans with a slower metabolism live longer. But even if these theories are correct, simply defining the mechanism is not the same as identifying the molecular pathways behind it. If researchers could determine those pathways, they might be able to pharmacologically mimic the effect of calorie restriction. That could be the ultimate benefit of the CALORIE study. "Calorie restriction is pretty much the only thing out there that we know will not just prevent disease but also extend maximal life span," says Dr. Marc Hellerstein, a nutritionist at the University of California.
1. The purpose of keeping diet for John Apollos and other participants is to ______.（分数：7.50）
A.lose weight in order to keep slim
B.prove how long people can survive if they lack food
C.prove if eating less food can extend life span and keep young √
D.just keep good mood and live a healthier life
解析：根据第一段中的“The researchers are trying to determine whether restricting food intake can slow the ageing process and extend our life s pan.”可知，研究人员致力于研究控制进食量是否能延缓衰老及延年益寿。据此可知，这项研究是为了证明少吃是否能延长寿命及保持年轻。C项正确。
Test Three(总题数：1，分数：7.50)
In the view of the primatologist Sarah Blaffer Hrdy, the extraordinary social skills are at the heart of what makes us humans. Through its ability to secure the attentive care not just of its mother but of many others, a baby promotes many of the behaviors and emotions that we prize in ourselves and that often distinguish us from other animals, including a willingness to share, to cooperate with strangers, to relax one's guard.
As Dr. Hrdy argues in her latest book Mothers and Others: The
Evolutionary Origins of Mutual Understanding, human babies are so dependent on their elders for such a long time that humanity would never have made it without a break from the great ape model of child-rearing. Chimpanzee and gorilla mothers are capable of rearing offspring pretty much through their own powers, but human mothers are not.
Our capacity to cooperate in groups, to empathize with others and to wonder what others are thinking and feeling—all these traits, Dr. Hrdy argues, probably arose in response to the selective pressures of being in a cooperatively breeding social group, and the need to mast and rely on others and be deemed trustworthy and reliable in turn. Dr. Hrdy points out that mother chimpanzees and gorillas jealously hold on to their infants for the first six months or more of life. Other females may express real interest in the newborn, but the mother does not let go. By contrast, human mothers in virtually every culture studied allow others to hold their babies from birth onward, to a greater or lesser extent depending on tradition.
Dr. Hrdy wrote her book in part to counter what she sees as the reigning dogma among evolutionary scholars that humans evolved their extreme sociality and cooperative behavior to better compete with other humans. "I'm not comfortable accepting this idea that the origins of hypersociality can be found in warfare, or that in-group amity arose in the interest of out-group enmity," she said in a telephone interview.
1. What distinguishes humans from animals according to Sarah Blaffer Hrdy? ______（分数：7.50）
A.Animals cannot promote behaviors and emotions. √
B.Animals cannot communicate like humans.
C.Animals lack social skills held by humans.
D.Animals never cooperate with their partners.
解析：根据第一段中的“Through its ability to secure the attentive care not just of its mother but of many others, a baby promotes many of
the behaviors and emotions that we prize in ourselves and that often distinguish us from other animals, including a willingness to share, to cooperate with strangers, to relax one's guard.”可知，婴儿会提升许多将我们与其他动物区别开来的行为和情感，包括愿意分享、与陌生人合作、放松警惕。据此可知，人类与动物的区别在于，动物不能提升行为和情感。A项正确。
Test Four(总题数：1，分数：7.50)
Schools looking to ban cell phones may have a new excuse: a growing number of people are developing an allergy to metal in the devices. We all know that food allergies are on the rise—a study last year showed the rate at 1 per 70 children, compared with 1 in 250 in the 1970s. But at last month's meeting of the American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, allergists reported that many substances that once seemed innocuous (无害的) are now leading to allergic reactions, too.
Allergies can develop when young bodies come into contact with a new substance, and an increasing number of kids have early exposure to tech tools and "adult" products that can lead to a lifetime of reactions. For instance, the nickel hardware often used on phone trim and faceplates can lead to red, itchy skin where the phone is pressed against the face of someone who developed a nickel allergy at a young age. It's especially problematic for women, says Luz Fonacier, an allergist who attended the conference. Young girls are often first exposed to nickel when they get ears pierced, and therefore are more likely to develop sensitivity to the metal that can cause allergic reactions later on.
Temporary tattoos could be another allergy trigger. They share a pigment used in hair dyes, which can lead to problems down the line. "You might have kids developing the sensitivity now, and then finding out only when they're much older and decide to dye their hair, then have an attack," says Fonacier.
Foods that were once considered low risk, like pumpkin, are now
causing some allergic reactions, too.
So what's behind all these newfangled allergens (过敏源) ? Some researchers believe that as humans live in cleaner, safer and more disease-free environments, the immune system—given less to do thanks to antibiotics—turns on substances once considered safe. Others note that children are being exposed to more and more new foods and foreign substances at earlier ages, which could up the chances of developing sensitivity. To be safe, Fonacier recommends that children avoid piercing until after age 10. And it's all just another reason to keep those cell phones and temporary tattoos away from young hands.
1. What makes allergy more serious than before? ______（分数：7.50）
A.People have an allergy to metal in the cell phones now.
B.Many substances that once seemed harmless are now causing allergy. √
C.The number of people who have food allergies is on the rise.
D.The cell phone can make the user's face red and itchy.
解析：根据第一段中的“...allergists reported that many substanc es that once seemed innocuous(无害的)are now leading to allergic reactions, too.”可知，曾经许多似乎无害的物质如今导致了过敏反应。据此可知，B项正确。
Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure(总题数：20，分数：20.00)
1. He advised Jane ______ anyone about the shortage of food. （分数：1.00）
A.not telling
B.not tell
C.tell not
D.not to tell √
解析：advise sb. to do/not to do sth. 表示“建议某人做/不做某事”。句意为：他建议简不要告诉任何人有关食物短缺的事。故选D。
2. Researchers started by listing the factors associated with different levels of pain, ______ the Pain Facial Expression Scale. （分数：1.00）
A.looking for
B.drawing on
C.figuring out
D.aiming at √
解析：D选项aiming at：针对，瞄准。根据句意：“针对疼痛面部表情量表，研究人员首先列出了与不同疼痛程度相关的因素”，故选D。
在其他三项中，A选项looking for：寻找，指望；B选项drawing on：利用，吸收；C选项figuring out：解决，算出，都不符合句意。
3. The newly broadened stadium is ______ of the previous one. （分数：1.00）
A.the size of three times
B.as much as the three times size
C.three times the size √
D.three times more than the size
解析：形容词和副词比较级的倍数表达法一般有三种：1)倍数+as...as；
2)倍数+比较级+than；3)倍数+the+名词+of。句意为：“新扩建的体育馆面积是原先的三倍。”C选项three times the size符合第三种表达法，故选C。
4. I have given up trying to convince him; there is no point ______ with him.
（分数：1.00）
A.by arguing
B.with arguing
C.for arguing
D.in arguing √
解析： there is no point (in) doing sth. 为固定搭配，意为“做某事没有意义”。句意为：我已经放弃说服他了，与他争辩没有意义。故选D。
其他三项中所用介词不能与point搭配，均不正确。
5. Man is superior to the animal ______ he uses language to convey his thoughts.
（分数：1.00）
A.that
B.in that √
C.when
D.in which
解析： B选项in that意为“因为，在于”，引导原因状语从句。根据句意：“人类比动物高级，因为人类用语言传达思想”，故选B。
在其他三项中，A选项that引导名词性从句(主语、宾语、表语、同位语从句)、定语从句和状语从句；C选项when引导宾语从句、定语从句和时间状语从句，when引导的从句与时间相关；D选项in which引导定语从句，都不符合句意。
6. All the arrangements should be completed ______ your departure. （分数：1.00）
A.prior to √
B.due to
C.during
D.after
解析： A选项prior to意为“在……之前”。根据句意：“在你离开前，应做好所有的安排”，故选A。
在其他三项中，B选项due to：因为；C选项during：在……期间；D选项after：在……之后，都不符合句意。
7. As men and women achieve financial equality, ______ earning power and economic freedom, mate-seeking preferences by gender tend to wane. （分数：1.00）
A.owing to
B.in terms of √
C.but for
D.regardless of
解析：B选项in terms of意为“就……而言，在……方面”。根据句意：“随着男女在赚钱能力和经济自由方面实现了财务平等，按性别划分的择偶偏好趋于减退”，故选B。
在其他三项中，A选项owing to：因为，多亏；C选项but for：要不是；D选项regardless of：不管，不顾，都不符合句意。
8. This project would give scientists new ______ into what is happening to the Earth's atmosphere.
（分数：1.00）
A.insights √
B.accuracy
https://www.360docs.net/doc/b115752663.html,plexity
D.situations
解析：A选项insights意为“洞察力”。根据句意：“该项目将为科学家提供有关地球大气层所发生情况的新见解”，故选A。
在其他三项中，B选项accuracy：准确性；C选项complexity：复杂性；D 选项situations：情况，局面，都不符合句意。
9. The aim of the present study is to ______ the relationship between active commuting and obesity.
（分数：1.00）
A.investigate √
B.process
C.sequence
D.adapt
解析： A选项investigate意为“调查，研究”。根据句意：“本研究的目的是研究活跃通勤与肥胖之间的关系”，故选A。
在其他三项中，B选项process：处理，审核；C选项sequence：使按顺序排列，安排顺序；D选项adapt：适应，改编，都不符合句意。
10. My tutor frequently reminds me to ______ myself of every chance to improve my English.
（分数：1.00）
A.assure
https://www.360docs.net/doc/b115752663.html,rm
C.avail √
D.notify
解析：C选项avail：有益于，有帮助；avail oneself of意为“利用”。根据句意：“我的导师经常提醒我要利用一切机会提高英语水平”，故选C。
在其他三项中，A选项assure：弄清楚，查明；B选项inform：通知，告诉；D选项notify：通知，告知，都不符合句意。
11. You shouldn't ______ your father's instructions. Anyway he is an experienced teacher.
（分数：1.00）
A.deduce
B.deliberate
C.defy √
D.denounce
解析：C选项defy意为“挑衅，违抗”。根据句意：“你不应该违抗你父亲的教导。不管怎么说，他都是一名经验丰富的教师”，故选C。
在其他三项中，A选项deduce：演绎，推断；B选项deliberate：仔细考虑，深思熟虑；D选项denounce：谴责，都不符合句意。
12. The new underground railway will ______ the journey to all parts of the city.
（分数：1.00）
A.consume
B.eliminate
C.formulate
D.facilitate √
解析：D选项facilitate意为“使容易，使便利，帮助”。根据句意：“新建的地铁将便于人们去往城市各处”，故选D。
在其他三项中，A选项consume：消费；B选项eliminate：消除；C选项formulate：制定，明确地表达，都不符合句意。
13. The new secretary has written a remarkably ______ report only in a few pages but with all the details.
（分数：1.00）
A.concise √
B.clear
C.precise
D.elaborate
解析： A选项concise意为“简练的，简洁的”。根据句意：“新秘书只用几页就写了一份非常简明扼要的报告，附有所有的细节”，故选A。
在其他三项中，B选项clear：清楚的；C选项precise：精确的；D选项elaborate：详尽的，都不符合句意。
14. Now a paper in Science argues that organic chemicals in the rock come mostly from ______ on earth rather than bacteria on Mars.
（分数：1.00）
A.configuration
B.constitution
C.condemnation
D.contamination √
解析： D选项contamination意为“污染物”。根据句意：“当前，《科学》杂志上的一篇论文表明，岩石中的有机化学物质主要来自地球上的污染物而不是火星上的细菌”，故选D。
在其他三项中，A选项configuration：配置；B选项constitution：构成；C选项condemnation：谴责，都不符合句意。
15. It is well known that knowledge is the ______ condition for expansion of mind.
（分数：1.00）
A.incompatible
B.incredible
C.indefinite
D.indispensable √
解析： D选项indispensable意为“必不可少的”。根据句意：“众所周知，知识是开阔思路必不可少的条件”，故选D。
在其他三项中，A选项incompatible：不相容的；B选项incredible：不可思议的；C选项indefinite：不确定的，模糊的，都不符合句意。
16. Human senses are designed to ______ specific stimuli, and after
a focus is achieved, other sensory data is ______.
（分数：1.00）
A.look at...heightened
B.respond to...insulated
C.concentrate on...discounted √
D.create...born
解析：C选项concentrate on意为“专心于，将……集中于……”；discount 意为“不重视，不理会”。根据句意：“人类的感官旨在专注于特定的刺激物，一旦注意力集中了，其余的感官数据就会被忽略”，故选C。
在其他三项中，A选项look at：看，考虑；heighten：加强；B选项respond to：回应；insulate：绝缘；D选项create：创造；bear：出生，都不符合句意。
17. In fact, most engineering problems are answered ______ in dollars and cents.
（分数：1.00）
A.surprisingly
B.slightly
C.rarely
D.ultimately √
解析：D选项ultimately意为“最后，最终”。根据句意：“大多数工程问题其实最终都靠金钱来解答”，故选D。
在其他三项中，A选项surprisingly：令人惊讶地；B选项slightly：轻微地，稍微；C选项rarely：很少，罕有地，都不符合句意。
18. Optimism is a ______ shown to be associated with good physical health, less depression and longer life.
（分数：1.00）
A.trail
B.trait √
C.trace
D.track
解析： B选项trait意为“品质，特质”。根据句意：“乐观是与身体健康、抑郁减轻以及更长寿命相关的特质”，故选B。
在其他三项中，A选项trail：痕迹，踪迹；C选项trace：痕迹，踪迹；D 选项track：轨道，踪迹，都不符合句意。
19. From the fact that Socrates was a man and the principle that all men will die, I ______ that Socrates would die.
（分数：1.00）
A.claimed
B.decided
C.affirmed
D.deduced √
解析：D选项deduce意为“推测，推断”。根据句意：“根据苏格拉底是一个人，而所有人都会死这一事实，我推断苏格拉底会死”，故选D。
在其他三项中，A选项claim：声称；B选项decide：决定；C选项affirm：断言，确定，都不符合句意。
20. Thermoelectric materials ______ waste heat into electricity, but often achieve high conversion efficiencies only ______ high temperatures.
（分数：1.00）
A.convert...at √
B.dominate...at
C.transform...on
D.tackle...on
解析： A选项convert意为“转化”；at high temperature为固定词组，意为“在高温下”。根据句意：“热电材料将废热转化为电能，但通常仅在高温下才能实现高转换效率”，故选A。
在其他三项中，B选项dominate：主导；C选项transform：改变，转化：D选项tackle：处理，与……交涉，都不符合句意。
Ⅲ Cloze(总题数：1，分数：10.00)
Most worthwhile careers require some kind of specialized training. Ideally, therefore, the choice of a(n) 1 should be made even before the choice of a curriculum in high school.
Actually, 2 most persons make several job choices during their working live, partly 3 economic and industrial changes and partly to improve their positions. The "one perfect job" does not exist. Young people should therefore 4 into a broad flexible training program that will 5 them for a field of 6 rather than for a single job. Unfortunately many young people,
knowing 7 about the occupational world or themselves for that matter, choose their lifework 8 a hit-or-miss basis.
Some 9 from job to job. Others 10 to work in which they are unhappy and 11 they are not fitted.
One common mistake is choosing an occupation for 12 real or imagined prestige. Too many high-school students—or their parents for them—choose the professional field, 13 both the relatively small proportion of work vacancies in the professions and the extremely high educational and personal 14 . The imagined or real prestige of a profession or a "white-collar" job is 15 good reason for choosing it as a life's work. 16 , these occupations are not always well paid. Since a large proportion of jobs are in mechanical and manual work, the majority of young people should give
serious 17 to these fields.
Before making an occupational choice, a person should have a general idea of what he wants 18 life and how hard he is willing to work to get it. Some people desire social prestige, others intellectual
satisfaction. Some want security; others are willing to
take 19 for financial gain. Each occupational choice has its demands as well as 20 .
1. （分数：10.00）
A.academy
B.occupation √
C.guidance
D.identification
解析：文章开头就讲到，大多数理想的职业都需要某种专门的培训，因此空格处应选“职业”，故选B。
Ⅳ Translation(总题数：1，分数：20.00)
Transport has always shaped cities. In Medieval times crossroads gave birth to thriving market towns. Venice was built up around its canals. Industrial Britain's development followed the route of railways and waterways. Many North American cities were created for the car. But how are the cities of today being shaped by a need for more sustainable transport?
Cities are now home to over half of the global population, and have a large role to play in reducing carbon emissions and improving air quality. This will need new technologies and new ways of organizing cities, alongside efficiency gains.
1 Many local governments are accelerating change through policy initiatives such as integrated transport, congestion charges and low emission zones, sustainable procurement and lifecycle costing and opening data up to companies and academics. And these city-level policies can move markets in more sustainable directions. For example, London is requiring all newly licensed taxis to be zero-emission capable from 2018. This has resulted in five vehicle manufacturers committing to meeting that deadline, which is both in their own commercial interests and good for
the environment.
There are three main ways cities can innovate to make transport more sustainable without increasing journey time.
Better land use planning: The least dense cities, for example Houston, have per capita carbon emissions nearly ten times higher than the densest, such as Singapore. 2 City planners are using transit-oriented development to increase density while maintaining quality of life and property value. This involves clustering mixed use developments around a key transport hub, as with the KL Sentral area in Kuala Lumpur, built around the largest railway station in Southeast Asia.
Modal shift: Some cities, such as Delhi, are investing heavily in creating the mass transit systems needed to change how citizens travel. Others are using incentives and behavioural change to encourage people to choose more efficient—and often healthier—forms of transport. Copenhagen has a number of progressive cycling policies including the Green Wave, which allows people cycling at 20km/h to hit all green lights during rush hours. This supports commuting at a speed that keeps traffic moving, but is safe for the cyclist.
Making existing transport modes more efficient: Light weighting and new engine and fuel technologies are helping to make existing road and rail vehicles more efficient. However it is not yet clear which technologies and fuels cities will back. 3 Many options require city-level investment in new infrastructure—for example the city of Gumi in South Korea is currently piloting a scheme that embeds wireless charging for electric buses within the roads, helping to recharge vehicles on the move.
There are already some great examples of cities taking significant steps in creating sustainable transport systems. 4 In Manila the Asia Development Bank is aiming to roll out 100,000 e-trikes to replace current fossil fuel versions, which is not just good for the environment
and health, but increases take-home pay for drivers by around 15%.
Hangzhou in China which already has the world's largest bike sharing scheme, has embraced the electric car. It is now installing multi-storey "vending machines" for ultra-compact electric cars, with a 75 mile range and costing just $3 an hour. There are around 50 of these in the city today and plans for many more. The city also has battery swapping facilities for around 500 electric taxis.
5 The global need to cut carbon emissions and air pollution, at the same time improving human development, has created the demand for sustainable and accessible transport systems. Through their actions, city governments are helping to shape the cities of the future, today.
（分数：20.00）
1. （分数：4.00）
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正确答案：(许多地方政府正在制定新政策加快转变步伐，如打造综合交通系统、征收拥堵费、规划低排放区、进行可持续的采购和产品生命周期成本核算、向企业和专家学者开放数据等。)
解析：
2. （分数：4.00）
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正确答案：(城市规划人员坚持公共交通导向型发展，以提高城市密度，同时维持生活质量，稳定房产价值。)
解析：
3. （分数：
4.00）
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正确答案：(很多方案都要求城市投资建设全新的基础设施，如韩国的龟尾市正
在实行试点，为给电动公交车充电而在道路中嵌入无线充电装置，实现不停车充电。)
解析：
4. （分数：4.00）
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正确答案：(亚洲开发银行计划在马尼拉投放10万台电动三轮车，替代现有的化石燃料车辆。此举不仅有利于环保与健康，还可将司机实得收入提高15%左右。) 解析：
5. （分数：4.00）
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正确答案：(减少碳排放、降低空气污染，同时促进人类发展是全球共同需要，这也要求我们发展畅达的可持续交通系统。)
解析：
Ⅴ Writing(总题数：1，分数：20.00)
1. Directions: Nowadays the way many people interact with each other has changed because of technology. In what ways has technology affected the types of relationships people make? Has this become a positive or negative development? Write an essay of no less than 200 words based on this topic. Your essay should be written clearly on the Answer Sheet
2.（分数：20.00）
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正确答案：([范文]
A Double-edged Sword of Modern Communication Technology
Getting used to the convenience brought by technology, I cannot imagine the situation that cellphones, WeChat, Taobao and other new media
of communication all disappeare from our life. It is undoubtedly that they have already taken over our life and affected our relationships in various ways. In my opinion, they have both positive and negative effects.
On the one hand, technology has made our communication easier and more efficient. Before the Internet, we used to write letters or send telegram to our friends. After the Internet walks into our life, we send emails to each other and can quickly receive our friends' reply. We don't need to wait days or even months for their letters. Especially with the development of smart phones and 4G networks, we can chat with our friends face to face whenever we want to and wherever we are. And as long as there is a network, we can enjoy free video calls. For instance, I am pursuing my graduate education in a foreign country, and I can't afford to fly back to reunite with my family. However, I can talk with my parents through WeChat face to face. Compared with receiving a letter in one or two months, they would be much more relieved if they can see me through WeChat regularly.
On the other hand, new ways of communication also have negative influence on our personal relationships. More and more young people choose to make friends online, rather than going out with their friends in real life. It was reported that some people even decided to have a dinner together online, instead of going to a restaurant and enjoying the delicious food and a beautiful night together. It becomes harder to maintain a close relationship if we could not meet our friends in person. And what's worse, when some young people get used to the virtual world, they refuse to go outside to embrace the real world.
To conclude, the modern technology is a double-edged sword, which makes our life more convenient but also more isolated. We should make good use of this sword in our life—taking advantages of video calls to develop relationships and enhancing them by meeting each other in the real world.)解析：