(完整版)初中英语过去将来时讲解与练习
过去将来时讲解与练习
过去将来时表示从过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用于宾语从句或间接引语中。过去将来时常用“would + 动词原形”或“was / were going to + 动词原形”来表达。
它表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的某个动作或存在的某种状态。
例如：Mary told me that she would go to Shanghai by plane.
玛丽告诉我说她将要坐飞机去上海。
基本构成——
A ) would + 动词原形
如：He asked me if I would stay here. 他问我是否要待在这儿。
B ) was / were going to + 动词原形
如：No one knew when he was going to finish his homework.
没有人知道他什么时候会完成作业。
C ) was/ were ( about ) to + 动词原形
如：He said that they were to leave at six. 他说他们将于6点动身。 She said that the meeting was about to begin. 她说会议就要开始了
D) come, go, arrive, leave, die 等瞬时动词，用在过去进行时态中表示过去将来。
如：She told us that she was leaving for Yunnan. 她告诉我们她将要去云南。
基本用法——
A ) 主句为过去时，宾语从句常表示将要发生的事情。
如：Nobody knew what would happen after a hundred years.
没有人知道一百年之后将会发生什么事。
We wanted to know whether she was going to speak at the meeting.
我们想知道她是否准备在会上发言。
B ) 在叙述过去的事情或事情发生的经过时，用过去将来时表示在当时看将来
会发生的事。
如：It was a Sunday afternoon. A young woman named Maria had just left school. He was going to start to work the next week, so she decided to buy some new clothes and a new pair of shoes.
一个星期天的下午，一位名叫玛丽亚的年轻人刚离开学校。因为她准备下周开始工作，所以，决定买些新衣服和一双新鞋子。
C ) 过去将来时还可以用来表示非真实的动作或状态。
如：If I had a chance to study abroad, I would study at Harvard University.
如果我有机会出国学习的话，我就会去哈佛大学。
I wish he would go with me to the cinema tonight.
今晚他能和我一起去看电影就好了。
牵手中考——
（）1. --- Where will we meet? ---- Sorry?
--- I asked __________ meet.
A. where we would
B. when we would
C. where will we
（）2. ---Did you ask your pen pal _______?
---Yes, he will visit Taiyuan after the exam.
A. what he will do
B. when he would come
C. how he would get here. （）3. --- When will she come back? -- Pardon?
--- I asked when __________________.
A. when will she come back
B. when she will come back
C. when would she come back
D. when she would come back
（）4. --- What did he tell you just now?
--- He said that ____________ tomorrow morning.
A. he will buy some new clothes
B. will he buy some new clothes
C. he would buy some new clothes
D. would he buy some new clothes （）5. Ken was so busy when we saw him, because he ____ a speech the next day.
A. will make
B. would make
C. has made
D. was making （）6. If I had enough money, I ________ a big house for my father.
A. will buy
B. would buy
C. have bought
D. am buying （）7. Tina ___________ leave when I met her.
A. was going to
B. would
C. was about to
D. A, B and C
练习：
（）1. --- Jack, what did Bill tell you?
--- Oh, he told me that he _______ soccer yesterday afternoon,
but his mother didn’t allow him to come.
A. was going to play
B. is going to play
C. will play
D. played
（）2. We decided that we _______ Canada next month.
A. flew to
B. were flying to
C. will fly to
D. are flying to （）3. Nobody knew what _______ after ten years.
A. will happen
B. are happening
C. would happen
D. has happened （）4. He told me the meeting ________ begin.
A. will
B. was
C. was about to
D. should
（）5. Our teacher said that there ________ an English exam the next week.
A. is
B. was
C. is going to be
D. was going to be （）6. She said they _______ before the end of this month.
A. would return
B. will return
C. returned
D. return
（）7. We didn’t whether she ________ at the meeting.
A. will speak
B. is going to speak
C. was going to speak
D. can speak （）8. Did he tell you where she _______ for her holiday?
A. will go
B. would go
C. is going
D. are going
I.选择填空
（）1. Li Ming said he _____happy if Brian_____to China next month.
A. as; come
B. was; would come
C. would be; came
D. will be; come
（）2. Jenny said she _____her holiday in China.
A. spent
B. would spent
C. was going to spent
D. would spend （）3. —What did your son say in the letter?
—He told me that he ______ the Disney World the next day.
A. will visit
B. has visited
C. is going to visit
D. would visit
（）4. I hoped Tina ______ to my birthday party on time the next Wednesday.
A. to come
B. is coming
C. will come
D. was coming
（）5. Father said that he ______ me to Beijing the next year.
A. took
B. would take
C. takes
D. will take
（）6. We were not sure whether they ______ more vegetables.
A. are going to grow
B. were going to grow
C. will grow
D. have grown
（）7. She ______ to work when the telephone rang.
A. is going
B. will go
C. was about to go
D. is to go
II. 用所给动词的适当形式填空
1. Miss Zhang said she ________(visit) the Great Wall next summer.
2. She told him that she ________ (not stay) here for long.
3. I wasn’t sure whether Lucy_______(come) the next year.
4. The scientists said the world’s population _______ (slow) down in future.
5. She said the bus _______(leave) at five the next morning.
6. I wasn't sure whether he _______(lend) me his book the next morning.
7. He was fifty-six. In two years he _______(be) fifty-eight.
8. Whenever she has time, she ______(help) them in their work.
中考英语过去完成时专题(含答案)
外研版英语中考英语过去完成时专题(含答案) 一、初中英语过去完成时 1．Seeing Danel went into the classroom with tears in his eyes, I asked him what . A. happened B. had happened C. would happen D. was happened 【答案】 B 【解析】【分析】句意：看着丹尼尔哭着跑进教室，我问他发生了什么。根据动词asked 一般过去时可知，动词happen的动作发生在asked之前，表示过去的过去，用过去完成时had+过去分词。故选B。 【点评】本题考查过去完成时，注意掌握过去完成时的结构had+过去分词。 2．Simon ________ the piano for ages when he gave his first concert. A. has played B. is playing C. had played D. will play 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：西蒙举行第一次音乐会时，他已经弹了很多年钢琴了。根据时间状语when he gave his first concert.可知此处用过去的时态，表示先弹钢琴弹了很多年，然后开了音乐会，表示过去的过去，应该用过去完成时：had+动词的过去分词，故答案为C。 【点评】考查过去完成时。掌握过去完成时的意义（过去的过去）和构成：had+动词的过去分词。 3．By the end of last month, Jane _____ enough money for the poor sick boy. A. raised B. would raise C. had raised D. has raised 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：在上个月末，珍已经为贫穷的生病的孩子筹集到了足够的钱。根据By the end of last month，可知句子的时态为过去完成时，C是过去完成时结构，故答案是C。 【点评】考查过去完成时，注意过去完成的时的判定方法。 4．By the end of 2012, many buildings built in our city. A. have been B. have C. had been D. will 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：到2012年底，我们的城市里已经建成了很多大楼。Buildings是build这一动作的承受者，该用被动语态。而被动语态是由“be + 及物动词的过去分词”构成。根据By the end of 2012可知该用过去完成时，所以选C。 5．Yesterday when I _______ to the station, the train ______ already. A. got, had left B. got, has left C. had got, left D. got, left
(完整)初二下过去进行时讲解及练习
答一读句子，找规律 1. I was playing football at three last Sunday. 2 .They were singing songs from seven to nine last night. 3. I was waiting for you from eight to ten yesterday morning. 4.What was he doing all day last Sunday? 5.It was said that she was writing a novel last year. 二：过去进行时结构：主语+ was / were + V-ing + 其它。 否定式：主语+ was / were not + V-ing + 其它 三：与过去进行时经常连用的时间状语 1.at 3:00 last monday ...，at 8:00 last night即：过去某一具体时刻 2.from nine to ten yestreday即（过去某一具体时间段） 3.when引导的从句 4.while引导的从句 四；when与while的区别 I was watching TV when my mother came in. He was playing basketball while she was sleeping. 过去进行时+when（这时，突然）+一般过去时 过去进行时+while+过去进行时 过去进行时练习题 1. I _____ (have) my breakfast at half past six yesterday morning. 2. Mary _____ (go) over her lessons from six to seven last night. John and peter ____ (do) the same thing. 3. What _____ you ___ (do) at that time? We _____ (watch) TV.
初中英语过去完成时
英语过去完成时 A 形式 过去完成时由had＋过去分词构成，因此无人称变化： 肯定式：I had／I’d worked等 否定式：I had not／hadn’t worked等 疑问式：had I worked？等 否定疑问式：had I not／hadn’t I worked？等 B 用法 1 、过去完成时是与现在完成时相当的过去式。 现在完成时： Ann has just left．If you hurry you’ll catch her． 安刚刚走。如果你快一点，就能追上她。（参见第183节。） 过去完成时： When I arrived Ann had just left． 我到的时候，安刚刚离开。 现在完成时： I’ve lost my case． 我的手提箱丢了。（参见第184节。） 过去完成时： He had lost his case and had to borrow Tom’s pyjamas． 他的手提箱丢了，不得不去向汤姆借睡衣睡裤。 但是，过去完成时不像现在完成时那样限于表达未指明时间的动作，因此可以说： He had left his case on the 4∶40 train． 他把手提箱丢在4点40分的火车上了。 2、现在完成时可以和since／for／always等词连用，表示一个开始于过去并仍在继续或刚刚结束的动作。（参见第186节。）与此同理，过去完成时也可以用来表示在所说的过去某一时刻之前就已开始的动作，这一动作： （a）在该时刻仍然在继续；或 （b）在该时刻停止或刚刚停止。 但应注意，过去完成时还可以用来表示： （c）在所说时刻之前某一时候停止的动作。 （a），（b），（c）这三种类型的例句分别列举如下： （a）Bill was in uniform when I met him．He had been a soldier for tenyears／since he was seventeen，and planned to stay in the army till hewas thirty． 我遇到比尔的时候，他身穿军服。那时他已经当了十年兵了／他 从17岁就当兵，并且还计划在军队里呆到30岁。 Ann had lived in a cottage for sixty years／ever since she was born，andhad no wish to move to a tower block．
初中英语过去式过去分词大全
初中英语过去式过去分词的不规则变化 meaning root form pt pp meaning root form pt pp 让允许let let let 喂feed fed fed 阅读read read read 遇见meet met met 放置put put put 感觉feel felt felt 花费cost cost cost 嗅，发出smell smelt smelt 打hit hit hit 拼写spell spelt spelt 砍切割cut cut cut 损坏，宠坏spoil spoilt spoilt 伤害弄伤hurt hurt hurt 发现，找到find found found 撒抛投cast cast cast 举着，握着hold held held 关闭shut shut shut 听见hear heard heard 沉入安置set set set 有，吃have/has had had 传播展开spread spread spread 丢失，失去lose lost lost 使阴暗overcast overcast overcast 离开，留下leave left left 广播broadcast broadcast broadcast 制造，使得make made made 预测forecast forecast forecast 射击射伤shoot shot shot 爆炸burst burst burst 照耀发光shine shone shone 捕捉赶上catch caught caught 坐sit sat sat 教书教学teach taught taught 临时照顾babysit babysat babysat 想认为think thought thought 吐，吐唾液spit spat spat 买buy bought bought 打赢，获胜win won won 搜寻追求seek sought sought 出血bleed bled bled 打架打仗fight fought fought 逃跑flee fled fled 带来bring brought brought 改建rebuild rebuilt rebuilt 扫sweep swept swept 睡过头oversleep overslept overslept 哭泣流泪weep wept wept 挖dig dug dug 保持keep kept kept 撒谎lie lied lied 睡觉sleep slept slept 放置下蛋lay laid laid 梦到，做梦dream dreamt dreamt 躺lie lay lain 学习，学会learn learnt learnt 敲打，振翅beat beat beaten 燃烧burn burnt burnt 编织weave wove woven 建设build built built 上升，升起rise rose risen 弯曲,弯腰bend bent bent 发生，呈现arise arose arisen 花费,度过spend spent spent 驱使驱赶drive drove driven 发送,派遣send sent sent 拿走，带走take took taken 付钱pay paid paid 误认为mistake mistook mistaken 说say said said 摇动挥动shake shook shaken 站立stand stood stood 刮风，吹blow blew blown 明白understand understood understood 生长，种植grow grew grown 误解misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood 知道，了解know knew known 卖sell sold sold 画，拖，拉draw drew drawn 给give gave given 投掷抛throw threw thrown 原谅forgive forgave forgiven 飞行fly flew flown 告诉tell told told 展示show showed shown
初中英语过去完成时语法精讲
过去完成时语法精讲 一、过去完成时的概念与结构特点 概念：过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作，即“过去的过去（past-in-the-past ）”。 ----|-------------------------- |-------------------------------|----------------------------> 那时以前那时现在 构成：过去完成时由“助动词had + 过去分词”构成，其中had 通用于各种人称。 They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. # She had finished writing the composition by 10 ：00 this morning. 二、过去完成时的判断依据 1. 由时间状语来判定 一般说来，各种时态都有特定的时间状语。与过去完成时连用的时间状语有： （ 1 ）by + 过去的时间点。如： I had finished reading the novel by nine o'clock last night. （ 2 ）by the end of + 过去的时间点。如： We had learned over two thousand English words by the end of last term. （3 ）before + 过去的时间点。如： 】 They had planted six hundred trees before last Wednesday. 2. 由“过去的过去”来判定。 过去完成时表示“过去的过去”，是指过去某一动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，即动作有先后关系，动作在前的用过去完成时，在后的用一般过去时。这种用法常出现在： （ 1 ）宾语从句中 当宾语从句的主句为一般过去时，且从句的动作先于主句的动作时，从句要用过去完成时。在told, said, knew, heard, thought等动词后的宾语从句。如： She said that she had seen the film before. （ 2 ）状语从句中 在时间、条件、原因、方式等状语从句中，主、从句的动作发生有先后关系，动作在前的，要用过去完成时，动作在后的要用一般过去时。如： ] When I got to the station, the train had already left. After he had finished his homework, he went to bed. 注意：before, after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于before 和after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句都用一般过去时。如：Where did you study before you came here After he closed the door, he left the classroom. （ 3 ）表示意向的动词，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用过去完成时表示"原本…，未能…" We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't. 3. 根据上、下文来判定。 【 I met Wang Tao in the street yesterday. We hadn't seen each other since he went to Beijing.
初中英语常用动词过去式及
初中英语常用动词过去式及 过去分词 1.A---A---A型（现在式、过去式和过去分词同形） 动词原形（现在式）过去式过去分词 cost cost cost花费 cut cut cut 割，切 hit hit hit 打 let let let 让 put put put 放下 read read read 读 hurt hurt hurt 伤 2.A---A---B型（现在式和过去式同形） beat beat beaten 打 3.A---B---A型（现在式和过去分词同形） come came come来 become became become变 run ran run 跑 4. A ---B ---B型 （1）在动词原形后加一个辅音字母 d 或t构成过去式或过去分词。burn burnt burnt燃烧 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习 mean meant meant 意思 hear heard heard 听见 （2）把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“ t ”构成过去式或
过去分词。 build built built 建筑 lend lent lent 借给 lose lost lost 失去 send sent sent 送 spend spent spent 花费 （3）其他 pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋 say said said说 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 think thought thought 想 sleep slept slept 睡 keep kept kept 保持 sweep swept swept 扫 stand stood stood 站 understand understood understood 明白win won won 得胜 shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光catch caught caught抓住 teach taught taught 教
初中过去进行时讲解练习及答案
过去进行时的讲与练 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或者某段时间正在进行或发生的动作，常和表过去的时间状语连用，如：I was doing my homework at this time yesterday.昨天的这个时候我正在做作业。 They were waiting for you yesterday.他们昨天一直在等你。 过去进行时的构成： 肯定形式：主语+was/were+V-ing 否定形式：主语+was not (wasn't)/were not (weren't)+V-ing 疑问形式：Was/Were+主语+V-ing。 基本用法： 1.过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常与之连用的时间状语有，at that time/moment, (at) this time yesterday (last night/Sunday/week…), at+点钟+yesterday (last night / Sunday…)，when sb. did sth等时间状语从句，如： What were you doing at 7p.m. yesterday? 昨天晚上七点你在干什么？ I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time. 我第一次遇到玛丽是在三年前，当时她在一家无线电商店工作。 I was cooking when she knocked at the door. 她敲门时我正在做饭。 2. when后通常用表示暂短性动词，while后通常用表示持续性动词，因此它所引导的状语从句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，如： When the car exploded I was walking past it.= While I was walking past the car it exploded. 3.when用作并列连词时，主句常用进行时态，从句则用一般过去时，表示主句动作发生的过程中，另一个意想不到的动作发生了。如： I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。 4. when作并列连词，表示“（这时）突然”之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如： I was taking a walk when I met him. 我正在散步，突然遇见了他。 We were playing outside when it began to rain. 我们正在外边玩，这时下起雨来了 一般过去时与过去进行时的用法比较： 一般过去时表示“在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态”，而过去进行时则表示“在过去某个特定时间正在进行的动作”。 如：Tom wrote a letter to his friend last night. 汤姆昨晚给他的朋友写了封信。（信写完了） Tom was writing a letter to his friend last night. 汤姆昨晚一直在给他的朋友写信。（信不一定写完，只是强调了动作的延续性）。 过去进行时和一般过去时的差别： 一般过去时表示“在过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态”，而过去进行时则表示“在过去某个特定时间正在进行的动作”。 例如：I was reading an English novel last night.昨晚我在看一本英文小说。（可能没看完） I read an English novel last night我昨晚看了一本英文小说。（已经看完）
【英语】初中英语过去完成时练习题
【英语】初中英语过去完成时练习题 一、初中英语过去完成时 1．My grandparents for fifty years by the time My sister was 15. A. married B. had married C. had got married D. had been married 【答案】D 【解析】【分析】句意：到我妹妹十五岁的时候，我的祖父母已经结婚五十年了。根据for fifty years 五十年和be动词was，可知是表示一段时间的状语，谓语动词具有持续性，用过去完成时had been married“结婚”表状态。故选D。 【点评】本题考查过去完成时，注意通过时间状语及动词判断句子的时态。 2．By the time I finished my homework，my mother ． A. slept B. has been asleep C. was asleep D. had been asleep 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】由上文“By the time ”和“ finished”可知此处应为过去完成时，故选D. 【点评】考查过去完成时。 3．Before O'Shea hosted the Joy FM program in Beijing, he_______ in Hongkong for ten years. A. works B. has worked C. had worked D. would work 【答案】C 【解析】【分析】句意：O'Shea在北京主持Joy FM节目前，他已经在香港工作了10年了。根据Before O'Shea hosted the Joy FM program in Beijing可知，主持节目这个动作发生在过去，而在香港呆了十年是发生在过去的过去，时态要用过去完成时（had +过去分词），故选C。 【点评】考查动词的时态。牢记过去完成时的用法。 4．Yesterday when I _______ to the station, the train ______ already. A. got, had left B. got, has left C. had got, left D. got, left 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：昨天当我到达车站时，火车已经离开了。结合语境可知前文时间状语从句描述的是过去某时发生的动作，故用一般过去时态。下文，描述的是过去某时前已经完成的动作，故用过去完成时态，选A。 【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型，首先要注意句子中的时间状语，如果没有则要通过分析上下文，结合语境来判断句子的时态。英语疑问句中一般具有时态上的对应关系，注意结合这一特点进行区分。
初中英语动词原形、过去式、过去分词
AAB型 原形过去式过去分词现分/动名词三单中文beat beat beaten beating beats 打败ABC 型 原形过去式过去分词现分/动名词三单中文 be was / were been being is / am 是，在… begin began begun beginning begins 开始blow blew blown blowing blows 吹 break broke broken breaking breaks 破裂、折断choose chose chosen choosing chooses 选择 do did done doing does 做、干draw drew drawn drawing draws 画画drive drove driven driving drives 驾驶drink drank drunk drinking drinks 喝 eat ate eaten eating eats 吃 fall fell fallen falling falls 落下 fly flew flown flying flies 飞 forget forgot forgotten forgetting forgets 忘记 get got gotten getting gets 到达、得到give gave given giving gives 给 go went gone going goes 去 grow grew grown growing grows 成长
hide hid hidden hiding hides 隐藏know knew known knowing knows 知道了解mistake mistook mistaken mistaking mistakes 犯错ride rode ridden riding rides 骑 ring rang rung ringing rings 响铃rise rose risen rising rises 升起see saw seen seeing sees 看到shake shook shaken shaking shakes 摇动sing sang sung singing sings 唱speak spoke spoken speaking speaks 讲steal stole stolen stealing steals 偷swim swam swum swimming swims 游泳take took taken taking takes 拿、带throw threw thrown throwing throws 扔wake woke woken waking wakes 唤醒wear wore worn wearing wears 穿戴write wrote written writing writes 写 AAA型 原形过去式过去分词现分/动名词三单中文cost cost cost costing costs 花费cut cut cut cutting cuts 砍、切、割
初中英语过去进行时讲解及习题
过去进行时 一、定义：过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作；过去进行时可以 用来描述一件事发生的背景：一个长动作发生的过程中（用过去进行时态），伶一 个短动作发生（用一般过去时态）。 二、过去进行时的不同句式 __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 三、过去进行时的常见标志 1、常用时间状语：then, at this/that time yesterday, at that moment, this morning, the whole morning, all day yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while等。 Eg. What were you doing while I was watching TV then? __________________________________________________ 2、在一些情况下没有使用时间标志词，这时要通过上下文来判断使用过去进行时态。 Eg. They were expecting you the day before yesterday, but you didn’t show up. __________________________________________________ 四、疑难拓展 1、always 等副词与过去进行时连用 过去进行时常用always, forever, continually, constantly, frequently等副词来表达说话人的赞美或厌世等情感。 Eg. I was always making the same mistakes then. He was constantly asking questions. __________________________________________________ 2、过去进行时表过去将来 过去进行时（go, come, start, stay, leave, fly等一些表示位置移动的动词的过去进行时态）可表过去将来。 Eg. He didn’t say when she was coming. __________________________________________________ 3、一般过去时和过去进行时的区别 过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的动作，而一般过去式则表示一个完成的动作。也就是说，用一般过去时只是表示有过这件事，用过去时则强调动作的连续性或动作当时正在发生。 Eg. He was reading a novel this morning.上午他在看一本小说。（可能没看完）He read a novel this morning.上午他看了一本小说。（已经看完） The children were watching TV yesterday evening.昨晚孩子们整晚都在看电视。（没干别的）
(完整版)初中英语过去完成时练习题(附答案)
过去完成时练习题 一、 ()(1)The police found that the house _______and a lot of things_________. A. has broken into, has been stolen B. had broken into, had been stolen C. has been broken into, stolen D. had been broken into, stolen ()(2)By the end of this century, we__ ours into a strong modern country. A. will build B. had built C. have built D. will have built ()(3)We _________the work by six yesterday evening. A. finished B.would finish C. had finished D. had been finished ()(4)I _________to help you but couldn’t get here in time. A. want B. had wanted C. have wanted D. was wanting ()(5) Mrs. Wu told me that her sister___________. A. left about two hours before B. would leave about two hours before C. has left about two hours ago D. had left about two hours before () (6)When I reached home, my parents __________their supper. A.are having B.have already had C.have had D. had already had () (7)It seems that the old man _________something important. A.has lost B. had lost C. lost D. would lose () (8)She __________in this school ________the past ten years. A.was teaching, since B. had been teaching, since C.would teach, for D. has been teaching, for () (9)Did you see Xiao Li at the party? No, ______by the time I arrived.
初中英语时态专题八：过去完成时(Word版)
初中英语时态专题八：过去完成时（Word版） 过去完成时 一、过去完成时的概念过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经发生 或完成了的动作，即 “过去的过去”。 二、过去完成时的构成 过去完成时由“助动词had + 过去分词”构成，其中had 通用于各种人称。 eg.1 When I got to school, the bell had rung. eg.2 By the time I got home ,my little brother had gone to bed. eg.3 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left. 三、过去完成时的用法 用法1：过去完成时动词表示过去某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态。强调过去某一动作发生在另一动作之前时。 1.他说他以前见过你。 He said that he (see) you before. 2.我出去的时候,公共汽车已经开走了。 By the time I got outside, the bus （leave）. 用法2：过去完成时动词可以表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或呈现的状态，这一动作一直持续或将继续下去。常和for, since 构成的时间状语连用。 1. 到了六点钟为止，他们已经工作了八小时了。 By six o'clock they (work)for eight hours. 2. 我到广州时，他在那里很长时间了。 When I came to GangZhou , he (be) there for a long time. 用法3. 过去完成时和already, just, ever, yet 等连用表示过去的过去。 1. 他告诉我说他们队已经赢了。 He told me that his team already (win). 2. 她说她仍没去过长城。 She said that she (not be to) the Great Wall yet. 用法4. 在含有定语从句的主从复合句中，如果叙述的是过去的事，先发生的动作常用过去完成时。 例如：I returned the book that I had borrowed.
初中英语动词过去式与过去分词表(带音标)
初中常用动词的过去式、过去分词不规则变化的规律一、A—A—A型，即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。（共9个） ⑴cost[k?st]—cost—cost---costing['k?st??]---costs[k?sts vi.价钱为; 花费 ⑵cut[k?t]—cut—cut---cutting['k?t??]---cuts vt. & vi.切, 剪, 割, 削 ⑶hit[hit]—hit—hit---hitting---hits vt. & vi.打, 打击；碰撞vt.伤害, 殃及 ⑷hurt[h?:t]—hurt—hurt---hurting---hurts vt.使受伤; 伤害 ⑸let[let]—let—let ---letting vt.让, 使；放掉, 松掉 ⑹put[put]—put—put---putting vt.放; 置；使处于(某种状态)；表达, 叙述, 说明 ⑺read[ri:d]—read—read ---reading vt. & vi.读; 看懂, 理解 ⑻set[set]—set—set---setting---sets vt.放, 搁置 ⑼shut[??t]—shut—shut ---shutting---shuts vt. & vi.关, 关上 二、A—B—B型，即过去式、过去分词相同。（共41个） 1 过去式和过去分词都含有-ought。（3个） ⑴bring[bri?]—brought[br?:t]—brought ---bringing---brings vt.带来, 拿来, 带…到某处, 取来 ⑵buy [bai]— bought [b?:t]—bought ---buying vt. & vi.购买, 购得；做出牺牲以获得 ⑶think [θi?k]—thought [θ?:t]— thought ---thinging vt. & vi.想, 思索；以为; 认为 2 词尾有-ild，-end时，只需把d变为t。（4个） ⑴build [bild]—built [bilt]—built ---building---builds vt. & vi.修建, 建造；开发, 创建 ⑵lend [lend]—lent [lent]— lent---lending vt. & vi.把…借给 ⑶send [send]—sent [sent]—sent ---sending vt.送, 寄; 派遣；使…猛然[迅速]移动 ⑷spend [spend]—spent [spent]— spent ---spending vt. & vi.用钱, 花钱vt.度过; 用尽 3．过去式、过去分词都含有-aught。（2个） ⑴catch [k?t?]—caught [k ?:t]—caught ---catching---catches vt.接住；逮住, 抓住；偶然撞见；赶上, 追上；患病;；理解, 听懂, ⑵teach [ti:t?]—taught [t?:t]—taught ---tesching vt. & vi.教 4．把-eep变为-ept。（3个） ⑴keep [ki:p]—kept [kept]—kept---keeping---keeps vt. & vi. & link v.(使)保持; (使)继续 ⑵sleep [sli:p]—slept[slept]—slept ---sleeping---sleeps v.睡眠 ⑶sweep[swi:p]—swept[swept]—swept ---sweeping---sweeps vt. & vi.扫, 打扫, 拂去；扫视 5 把-ell变为-old。（2个） ⑴tell[tel]—told[t??ld]—told ---telling['tel??] vt.讲, 告诉；吩咐, 命令；表明, 显示vt. & vi.分辨, 辨别 ⑵sell[sel]—sold[s??ld]—sold ---selling[…seli?] vt. & vi.卖; 售; 销 6．过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。（4个） ⑴smell[smel]—smelt—smelt---smelling---smells vt.闻到; 嗅出 ⑵ spell[spel]—spelt[spelt];spelled—spelt;spelled---spelling vt. & vi.拼写, 拼读 ⑶feel[fi:l]—felt[felt]— felt---feeling vt.触, 摸vt. [感觉到]；觉得, 认为 ⑷spill[spil]—spilt[spilt];spilled—spilt;spilled---spilling vt. & vi.溢出; 泼出 7．过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。（3个） ⑴learn[l?:n]—learnt[l ?:nt];learned—learnt;learned---learning vt. & vi.学习; 学; 学会；得知; 获悉; 听说 ⑵mean[mi:n]—meant[ment]—meant---meaning vt.表示…的意思；本意是, 原意为; 意味；怀有某目的; 打算； ⑶spoil[sp?il]—spoilt[sp?? lt]—spoilt---spoiling---spoils[sp?ilz] vt.损坏; 毁掉；溺爱, 宠坏 8．过去式、过去分词词尾是d。（4个） ⑴say[sei]—said[sed]—said---saying vt. & vi.说; 讲 ⑵pay[pei]—paid[pe?d]—paid---paying vt. & vi.付给; 付款；有利可图; (对…)有利, (对…)值得 ⑶lay[lei]—laid[le?d]—laid---laying vt.放置；压倒, 使躺下, 放倒vt. & vi.生蛋, 产卵⑷hear [hi?]—heard [h?:d]—heard---hearing vt. & vi.听到, 听见 9．改变元音字母。（11个） ⑴meet [mi:t]—met [met]—met---meeting vt. & vi.遇见, 碰见, 相见；认识, 结识vt.迎接； ⑵get [ɡet]—got [g?t]—got;gotten ['ɡ?tn]---getting vt.得到, 收到；具有；使得；(去)拿来；vt. & vi.到达, 来, 往 ⑶sit [sit]—sat [s?t]—sat---sitting vt. & vi.(使)坐 ⑷find [faind]—found [faund]—found---finding---finds(单三形式) vt.找到, 发现；发觉, 感到 ⑸hold [h?uld]—held [held]—held---holding---holds(单 三形式) vt.拿, 抱, 握住；认为, 相信；包含; 容纳 ⑹spit [spit]—spat [sp?t];spitted—spat;spitted---spitting vt. & vi.吐痰; 吐出； ⑺shine [?ain]—shone [??? n];shined—shone;shined---shining---shines vi.发光; 反射光; 照耀；表现突出, 出众vt.照射； 〈美〉擦亮 ⑻win [win]—won [w?n, w??n]—won---winning---wins vt. & vi.(在…中)获胜, 赢, 战胜(对手) ⑼hang [h??]—hung [h ??]; hanged—hung; hanged ---hanging ['h????] vt. & vi.悬, 挂, 垂下；(被)绞死, 吊死；贴, 固定, 安装 ⑽dig [diɡ]— dug [d?g]—dug vt. & vi.挖, 掘 ⑾lose [lu:z]—lost [l?:st, l?st]—lost vt.遗失; 失去 10．改变辅音字母。（1个） make [meik]—made [me?d]—made---making---makes vt.做; 制造; 被制造；做出, 制定, 产生；使, 使得； 11 改变元、辅音字母。（4个） ⑴leave [li:v]—left [left]—left vt.把…留下; 遗忘；听任, 让；交托, 委托vt. & vi. 离去, 离开; 出发; ⑵stand [st?nd]—stood [st? d]—stood---standing---stands vt. & vi.站立, (使)直立, 站着 ⑶have [h?v]—had [h?d]—had---having------has[h?z] (have 的第三人称单数现在式) vt.有；持有，具有；含有；吃；喝 ⑷understand[,? nd?'st?nd]—understood—understood---understanding vt. & vi.懂; 理解 三、A—B—C型，即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。 （共35个） 1 i—a—u变化。（6个） 1