2020年山东临沂实验学校高考模拟卷8

2020 年山东临沂实验学校高考模拟卷(八)

英语

（考试时间：100 分钟）

注意事项：

1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分50 分）

第一节（共15 小题；每小题2.5 分，满分37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每

题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

The latest diet trend in America is also an ancient human activity. The activity is fasting, or not eating food for a set amount of time.

Social media apps and Facebook groups are appearing for people who do “intermittent fasting,” or fasting on a part-time basis. Like other diets, intermittent fasting helps you lose weight by setting limits on eating. But instead of limiting what you eat, it limits when you eat.

Melissa Breaux Bankston is a Crossfit instructor in New Orleans, Louisiana. She tried intermittent fasting as a way to reduce her snacking. “I wanted to limit the amount of time that I was eating,” she said.

However, for now, limited research suggests it may not be any better for weight loss than reducing calorie intake over the long term.

“It’s really another way of fooling your body into eating less calories,”said Krista Varady, who studies intermittent fasting at the University of Illinois at Chicago.

Courtney Peterson, of the University of Alabama at Birmingham, also studies intermittent fasting. She suggested the benefits of intermittent fasting are not as great as some might suggest. “Unfortunately, intermittent fasting gets a little hyped,” she said.

Some health experts say intermittent fasting might be too difficult for many people. They point to a study of 100 people where those placed in a fasting group lost about the same amount of weight as those on diets that restricted calories. The fasting group had a dropout rate of 38 percent, compared with 29 percent for the caloric-restriction diet group.

But intermittent fasting may be easier for people who already skip meals when they are too busy, said Varady. People interested in intermittent fasting should talk to their doctor before trying it. Health experts do not recommend intermittent fasting for children, people on some medications and people with a history of eating disorders.

1.What do intermittent fasting and other diets have in common?

A. They limit what you eat.

B. They limit when you eat.

C. They help people lose weight.

D. They are on a part-time basis.

2.What does the underlined word “h yped” in paragraph 6 mean?

A. Ignored.

B. Overstated.

C. Welcomed.

D. Rejected.

3.Which statement is right according to the passage?

A. Intermittent fasting is very effective.

B. Intermittent fasting is difficult for all people.

C. People can try intermittent fasting as they like.

D. All people are not advised to do intermittent fasting.

B

It began as a game: High school and college students studying computer technology figured out they could use personal computers to break into telephone company computers and make free, long-distance telephone calls. These young computer talents soon gained the name "hackers".

Police arrested a few hackers, but many went on to even more complex hacking. One of them was arrested for making illegal telephone calls and later he used a phone to change a police officer's credit records to get back at the officer for arresting him. He also used a computer to change his college records to give himself better grades.

As hackers gained experience, they began invading computers at banks, airlines and other businesses. In one case a hacker instructed an airline' s computer to give him free airplane tickets.

The U.S. government is worried that hackers may break into its networks of defense computers. The government's secrets are easily attacked because thousands of government computers are connected by telephone lines that hackers can get into.

In November 1988, a college student entered a U.S. Defense Department computer network called Arpanet. The hacker injected a computer program that made copies of itself throughout Arpanet. Some hackers use viruses to destroy all the data in a computer. But in this case, government officials shut down the network before the program reached every computer in the system. Shutting down the system angered many researchers who were using the computers. The hacker turned himself in to the police and he was charged with a crime.

The incident put the spotlight on computer hacking in the United States. Many companies have hired experts to protect their computers from hackers, and many computer experts now advise companies on how to protect their computers.

The U.S. government believes foreign governments have hired hackers to try to break into top-secret defense computers.

Experts disagree over whether a computer network can ever be safe from hacking. But in the future, some of the most outstanding minds in the U.S. will be working to frustrate the attempts of computer hackers.

4. What did the first hackers do?

A. They broke into government computers.

B. They destroyed airplane ticket systems.

C. They played computer games.

D. They made free phone calls.

5. Why can U.S. government computers be easily hacked into?

A. They have no defense systems.

B. They are connected by telephone lines.

C. They are partly accessible to the public.

D. They lack complex processing programs.

6. What happened to the government computers in November 1988?

A. They lost all of the important data.

B. They were shut down by researchers.

C. They were invaded by a college student.

D. They got totally ruined by a computer program.

7. What did companies decide to do to protect their computer systems?

A. Employ computer talents.

B. Build secret defense systems.

C. Ask the government for help.

D. Collect and analyze the data of hackers.

C

Your colleague’s sharp comment keeps replaying in your mind. Two of your students are trapped in a “h e said/she said”battle. When you reflect on your emotional reactions, you sometimes get caught up in cycles of negative feelings, which can make you feel even worse. If so, the answer may lie in a skill called “self-distancing”，

the ability to take a step back and view yourself more objectively. According to a research, when people adopt self-distancing while discussing a difficult event, they make better sense of their reactions, experience less emotional suffering, and display fewer signs of stress.

But what might self-distancing look like in action? Consider a typical “he said/she said” student conflict where they are each focusing on their own feelings. One is thinking，“I can’t believe he did that to me.” And another insists, “She really hurt my feelings.”However, if you ask them to take the self-distancing, they might step outside of themselves and ask broader questions: “Why was he so hurt in this situation?” or “How did her anger affect him?” Although this approach may sound too simple to be effective, studies indicate that a change in point of view can have a powerful effect on the way people think, feel, and behave. Here are several different techniques you can try. First，consider how a thoughtful friend might respond after quietly observing their situation. Besides, avoid using the pronoun “I”. Focus on using third-person pronouns, he, she, they, and they were able to see the stressful event as challenging rather than threatening. Finally, ask yourself, “How would I feel about this one week from now or ten years from now?” This form of mental time travel may be effective because our attention is directed away from our immediate, concrete circumstances.

8. What is self-distancing?

A. Getting stuck in negative emotions.

B. A stressful situation.

C. A study on relieving emotional stress.

D. Reflecting on yourself objectively.

9. Paragraph 2 is developed by .

A. example

B. definition

C. classification

D. process

10. Which of the following statement uses the techniques of self-distancing?

A. I’m angry with him.

B. How I wish I could go back to the past!

C. How did these two people get to this point?

D. He grabbed my notes, and then, and then...

11. What is the best title for the passage?

A. Why Self-distancing Matters

B. The Application of Self-distancing

C. Breaking the Cycle of Negative Reflection

D. Ways to Reflect on Emotional Reactions

D

Pangolins (穿山甲) are the most trafficked (非法交易) mammals in the world and are facing extinction. To draw attention to these scaly (有鳞片的), anteater-like animals, a new wildlife documentary, Eye of the Pangolin, is attempting a unique way to inspire action and conservation. Partnering with the non-profit organization Pangolin. Africa, the documentary was made available on YouTube in May 2019. The intention is to reach communities wherever the Internet is available, especially African communities, who live near the animal’s habitats.

Over two years, the documentary crew traveled to South Africa, Ghana, Central African Republic and Gabon in search of the four unique species of pangolin, which has never been achieved before. Filmmakers Bruce Young and Johan Vermeulen say that they went into the shoot knowing relatively little about pangolins, but grew to respect and appreciate the animals. Getting close to the creatures over two years was a crash course in these secretive creatures. Johan Vermeulen said, "One thing however that might seem unimportant is that they are actually quite fussy eaters. You would think they would eat any type of ant, but they all prefer a specific type ant."

Pangolins are hunted illegally across Africa for their scales, which are used for traditional medicine, and their meat. In April 2019, Singaporean customs officials conducted two separate seizures of 24 tons of pangolin scales, which equals to the death of 69,000 pangolins.

Though the documentary focuses less on the trafficking of pangolins, and more on the animals in their natural habitat,

the aim of the documentary is to inspire viewers around the world to call for action to end trafficking and protecting these unique creatures.

Filmed on location in South Africa, Ghana, Central African Republic, and Gabon, this powerful documentary is the story of two men on a mission to get all four species of African pangolin on camera for the very first time. 12．What is the purpose of the documentary?

A．To study the situation of pangolins. B．To

collect fund to protect pangolins. C．To raise

awareness of pangolin protection. D．To

propose setting up pangolin reserves.

13．What is the meaning of the underlined word “fussy” in paragraph 2?

A．Picky. B．Messy.

C．Showy. D．Heavy.

14．What’s the documentary mainly about?

A．The illegal trade of pangolins.

B．The medical function of pangolin's scales.

C．The life of pangolins in their natural habitats.

D．The efforts of Pangolin, Africa to save pangolins.

15．Where is the text most likely from?

A．A brochure. B．A diary.

C．A novel. D．A magazine.

第二节(共5 小题；每小题2.5 分，满分12.5 分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Meditation(冥想）is widely recommended as a health-boosting practice. Basic mediation involves sitting in a comfortable position and trying to quiet your mind by thinking of nothing. 31 But a good way to begin is to think of yourself as an “ob server of your thoughts,” noticing what the narrative voice in your head says but not engaging it.32

Here are some methods to start a basic meditation practice.

Focused Meditation

You can concentrate on something visual, like a statue; something auditory, like a recording of ocean waves; something constant, like your own breathing; or a simple concept, like “unco nditional compassion.” 33 However, the idea is the same—staying in the present moment, avoiding the constant stream of comments from your conscious mind, and allowing yourself to slip into an altered state of consciousness.

Activity-Oriented Meditation

Activity-oriented meditation is a form of mindfulness that combines meditation with activities you may already enjoy, or with new activities that help you focus on the present. 34 Activities like gardening, creating artwork, or practicing yoga can all be effective forms of meditation.

Mindfulness Meditation

Mindfulness can be a form of meditation that, like activity-oriented meditation, doesn’t really look like meditation. This simply involves staying in the present moment rather than thinking about the future or the past. 35 Focusing on emotions and where you feel them in your body—not examining why you feel them, but just experiencing them as sensations—is another.

Whichever method you choose, keep in mind that a consistent practice—even just quieting the mind for five minutes a day—is more useful than sessions that are longer but infrequent.

A. As thoughts appear in your mind, just let them go.

B. It’s not always easy to do if you don’t already practice it.

C. Some people find it easier to do this than to focus on nothing.

D. Without practice, many find it difficult to turn off the voice inside their head.

E Focusing on sensations you feel in your body is one way to stay “in the now.”

F. It involves experiencing each moment, letting it go, and then experiencing the next.

G. You join in a repetitive activity or one where you can get “in the zone” and experience “flow.”

第二部分语言运用(共两节，满分30 分)

第一节(共15 小题；每小题1 分，满分15 分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。The Adams family home has been taken over by origami (折纸)in all sizes and shapes. No one seems to 21 though. Those paper creations are 22 clean water projects around the world and saving lives. A messy home is a small price to pay23

In 2011, Isabelle Adams and her sister Katherine learned that every five seconds a child died from 24 of clean water and that girls of their age couldn’t go to school 25 they were fetching water all day for their families. They 26 to do something.

“So we took something that we loved doing - folding origami, with the 27 goal to help fund a well in Ethiopia,” explains Katherine. 28 , they ended up selling out and raising far more than that to fully 29 the cost of the well.

Katherine, now 13, adds, “It just snowballed, 30 the founding of the project Paper for Water.” In eight years, this project has 31 more than 2 million for over 200 water projects in 20 different countries.

Now, the rest of the Adams family are also 32 . But at the heart of it, beneath countless paper decorations sit two bold sisters hoping to 33 other girls and boys. “Kids have an incredible ability to make a real 34 to the world if they’re just given the chance,” Isabelle says, “an d if people 35 them in their efforts.”21．A．mind B．notice C．appreciate D．remember

22．A．decorating B．rewarding C．attracting D．funding

23．A．in exchange B．in turn C．in return D．in response

24．A．pollution B．loss C．lack D．waste

25．A．although B．because C．unless D．while

26．A．hesitated B．decided C．happened D．demanded

27．A．lifelong B．individual C．original D．critical

28．A．Obviously B．Unexpectedly C．Suddenly D．Gradually

29．A．spend B．fill C．offer D．cover

30．A．trying out B．depending on C．contributing to D．appealing to

31．A．saved B．borrowed C．earned D．collected

32．A．involved B．praised C．recognized D．employed

33．A．satisfy B．inspire C．inform D．comfort

34．A．judgment B．sense C．difference D．connection

35．A．support B．persuade C．welcome D．award

第二节（共10 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填

入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Scientists found that air pollution may be responsible 36 a big reduction in 37 (intelligent). Research showed that air pollution led to big falls in test 38 (score) for languages and mathematics. The study called "The influence of air pollution on cognitive (认知的)performance" 39 (conduct) over four years ago. Researchers analyzed speaking and mathematics tests 40 (take) by 20,000 people of all ages. They said, "Polluted air may do harm to cognitive ability as people become older. "

The study is a warning to the rest of the world , 41 (particular) those in cities. Over 91 percent of the

world population live in areas with polluted air, 42 is the fourth biggest cause of global deaths. Researchers discovered that the 43 (long) people were exposed to polluted air, the greater their cognitive ability went down. They said air pollution caused a year' s worth of lost education. For those aged over 60, this could be several years. A researcher warned, "There 44 be) no shortcut to solve this issue. Governments really need to take effective measures 45 (reduce) air pollution. "

第三部分写作(共两节，满分40 分)

第一节(满分15 分)

假设你是李华，最近跟父母去国外旅行时所居住的旅馆服务不好。请根据以下要点提示给旅馆老板写一封英文投诉信，信中应包括下列内容：

1.空调不能正常运行；

2.浴室不干净；

3.晚上周围噪声很大，且不给更换房间；

4.服务员态度随意，漫不经心。

第二节(满分25 分) 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150 左右。

It was 1st January, the first day of the year and a holiday for me. What luck! I decided to withdraw some money from the bank, The bank person, an elderly gentleman with a white beard, replied indifferently as usual to my polite “Happy New Year.” He nodded and I sat in front of him.

Minutes passed but he didn’t raise his head.Then very hesitantly I put my form and booklet in front of him. He was busy filling up entries in his register. After a few minutes he took my form and from his cabinet he took out a very thick file, from which he started filling in my details, I sat there wondering why we had computerized banking

if we were still filling in forms and register.

After waiting for a few more minutes, in which I showed all signs of being impatient, I asked him if my work was done. The moment I said the words, I felt as if a bomb had fallen on him. He shouted, “Nothing is done, it will take time!”

Just then I saw his morning cup of tea which had been lying there for the last ten minutes, untouched. The tea had tuned almost cold while he was doing his work. Suddenly I felt what this man, who had been working at this counter for the last God-knows-how-many years, must be feeling when customers like me come who are always in a hurry to get their work done. We do not even feel the need to thank them for being there, He must be feeling so anxious that “he re comes another person who will push me for doing his work first.”

注意：

1. 所续写短文的词数应为150 左右；

2. 至少使用5 个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；

3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；

4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。

Paragraph 1:

Thinking of this, I told him, “S ir, you please hare your tea, I am not in a hurry.”

Paragraph 2:

What he said really touched my heart.