建筑工程专业英语试题一及答案

建筑工程专业英语试题一及答案

I Match the English in Column A with their Chinese equivalents in Column B（每题2分，共20分）

Column A Column B

( ) 1.reinforced concrete a. 钢结构

( ) 2. immovable property b. 施工技术

( ) 3.steel structure c. 基础工程

( ) 4.real estate d. 施工现场

( ) 5.construction technology e. 安装工程

( ) 6. construction drawings f. 警示标语

( ) 7.construction site g. 不动产

( ) 8. installation engineering h. 施工图纸

( ) 9. warning signs i. 钢筋混凝土

( ) 10. foundation work j. 房地产

II Translate the following sentences.（每题5分，共50分）

(1)Actual schedule progress must be compared against the project program to determine whether the project is on schedule.

(2)Quality control in construction typically involves insuring compliance with minimum standards of material and workmanship in order to insure the performance of the facility according to the design.

(3)With the development of private property ownership, real estate has become

a major area of business, commonly referred to as commercial real estate.

(4)Several naturally occurring materials, such as clay，stones, mud，and wood，leaves and so on，have already been used to build houses.

(5)New alloys have further increased the strength of steel and eliminated some of its problems，such as metal fatigue，which is a tendency for it to weaken as a result of continual changes in stress.

(6)Green building materials are composed of renewable，rather than nonrenewable resources.

(7)Heavy building equipment is usually used due to the amounts of material to be moved—up to millions of cubic metres.

(8)There are a lot of different professionals to participate in the construction of a big project. Therefore，how to organize the construction is the key to solving the third stage；this is a very important system engineering.

(9)As in the case of quality management，it is good practice to have an overall company safety program and policy，as well as a site safety program for each project.

(10) Specialists are often called on to valuate real estate and

facilitate transactions.

III Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese.（每小题15分，共30分）

1. Concrete finds good use in all types of building construction.

Concrete is a composite building material comprised of aggregate and

a binder(cement). It is mixed at or near the construction site with sand，

aggregate(small stones，crushed rock，or gravel)，and water to make

concrete. Different proportions of the ingredients produce concrete with different strength and weight. Concrete has been the predominant building material in the modern age due to its longevity，formability，and ease of transport.

2. In terms of architecture，the structure of a building is much more than that. It is an inseparable part of the building style and a style of architecture in the different degree. Used skillfully，the building structure can establish or reinforce orders and rhythms among the architecture spaces and planes. It can be visually dominant or recessive. It can develop harmonies or conflicts. It can be both confining and open.

答案

I Match the English in Column A with their Chinese equivalents in Column B

1.i

2. g

3. a

4. j

5. b

6. h

7. d 8 e 9 f 10 c II. Translate the following sentences

(1) 实际的施工进度必须与施工项目相比较来确定是否能按时交工。

(2) 建筑施工中的质量控制通常是用最少的材料和工艺，根据设计要求以保证设备的正常运行。

(3) 随着私有财产所有权的发展，房地产已经成为一个主要的业务领域，通常称为商业房地产。

（4）一些天然材料，如黏土、石头、淤泥、木材和树叶等都已用于房屋的建筑。

(5) 新的合金进一步提高了钢材的强度，并去除了一些缺点如金属疲劳性，即在连续的应力变化下导致强度减弱的趋势。

（6）绿色建材是由可再生的，而不是不可再生的资源构成的。

（7）由于大量的材料要被移动——有的多达百万立方米，因此，通常需要重型的建筑设备。

（8）一个大工程有很多不同的专业人员参加施工，因此，如何组织好施工是解决好第三个阶段的关键，这是一个十分重要的系统工程。

（9）在质量管理中，制定全面的安全施工计划和政策以及为每个施工项目制订一个现场安全计划都是非常好的实践。

(10) 在房地产评估和交易时相应造就出了一些相关专业人员。

III Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese

1. 混凝土在各种类型的建筑施工中都广泛使用。混凝土是一种由骨料和黏合剂(水泥)而制成的复合建筑材料。在施工现场或者附近，将水泥与砂、骨料(小石头、压碎的岩石或砾石）、水混合而制成混凝土。不同比例的配料会制造出不同强度和重量的混凝土。混凝土由于其寿命长，成形性能好，并且易于运输而成为现代建筑的主要材料。

2. 从建筑学的角度来讲，建筑结构并非仅仅如此。它与建筑风格是不可分割的，在不同程度上是一种建筑风格的体现。如果能巧妙地设计建筑结构，则可建立或加强建筑空间与建筑平面之间的格调与节奏。它在直观上可以是显性的也可以是隐性的。它既能产生和谐体又能产生对照体。它可以既局限又开放。