高考完形填空 讲解 10篇 (含答案
完形填空
完形填空是一种旨在测试学生英语语言综合运用能力的填空补缺式障碍性阅读。它以语篇信息为基础，以中心脉络为主线给学生提供解题信息。主要考查学生的英语基础知识和语言运用能力，包括词汇辨析能力、分析判断能力、逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力。是一种集知识和能力于一体，立意新、要求高的综合性语言测试题。同时也是高考试题中要求最高、难度最大的一种题型。
近年来，高考完形填空在体裁上以记叙文、夹叙夹议文为主，有时也会出现说明文和议论文。记叙文类完形填空是高考中出现频率很高的一类，是高考完形填空中的重要体裁。记叙文是记人、叙事、写景、状物的文章，有其鲜明的特点。这些特点构成了记叙文写作的基本要素，例如时间、地点、事件的发展、高潮和结局。记叙文完形填空素材的选择通常会注重语言材料的思想性、知识性和时代性，语言材料会突出对情感态度、文化意识的渗透，突出其“励志性”和“教育性”，反映主流价值观，彰显正能量。
夹叙夹议类完形填空是近几年高考经常涉及的一类体裁。这类完形填空的特点是篇幅略长，思路跳跃性强。记叙和议论在文中交错运用。有的是以议论引出记叙；有的是在记叙的基础上发表议论。夹叙夹议文的主题明确，或告诉读者一个道理，或引人思考，或给人乐趣。夹叙夹议文完形填空突出考查考生对语言的整体理解能力、把握主题的能力、微语境的识别能力、逻辑推理判断能力及对语言的感悟能力。一般来说，文章记叙的内容积极向上、情节曲折动人、富有知识性和趣味性；文章的议论部分是记叙的升华，兼具教育性和启发性。这类完形填空重在描述事件或描写人物，因此要完成此类完形填空需要掌握以下几个基本的解题思路：
1.了解作者所叙述的故事的四大要素，即：时间(when)、地点(where)、人物(who)、原因(why)，以便对文章进行定位，达到全景化理解故事的目的。
2.注意作者写作的逻辑顺序。根据故事的不同特点，作者在写作时会采用不同的叙述方式。有顺叙、倒叙和插叙三种方式。
3.重视对人物的动作、语言、心理活动的描写，体会作者的写作意图。注意作者的选词，选词体现作者的情感态度。
4.重视文化背景知识的应用。很多完形填空涉及西方文化背景知识，熟悉西方文化背景知识是完成某些题目的一个必要的条件。
夹叙夹议文完形填空一般有以下特点：
(1)先叙述作者自己的某一个生活经历或见闻，然后针对这一事件发表自己对生活的看法或揭示生活的真理。
(2)文章的开头或者结尾有时是一个完整的富有哲理的句子，这个句子不容忽视，往往是全文的关键句，甚至是文章的主题。作者围绕这一主题用具体的事例加以说明，有时也可能用几个事例从不同的侧面来说明。
(3)提出一种观点或见解，然后用某一事例来阐述这一观点，最后再进一步地总结和升华。作者叙述所发生的事件或生活经历只是为表达其思想内容，要把握全局，理清思路，抓住主线，明确作者要说明的观点或要阐述的生活哲理，然后对题目做出判断。
说明文是用说明的方式介绍人或事物、阐述事理的一种文体。生活中会经常用到，如人物介绍、产品广告说明、现象解释、成果推广等。说明文的主要目的是帮助读者认清事物、明白事理，故其语言通常较为浅显、通俗，比较易于读者理解。但是在高考完形填空题及平时的模拟测试中，说明文比较少见。说明文将知识性、科学性、应用性和准确性融为一体，常使用下定义、举例、列举、比喻、描述等方法，按时间、空间或逻辑等顺序进行说明。
说明文通常具有下列特点：
1.多用现在时态。因为说明文通常是对客观事物或事理的一种介绍与解释，而这种客观介绍与解释一般是不随时间变化而变化的。
2.采用客观描述。说明文一般是对客观存在的说明与介绍，因此，语言的表述也应该尽可能地给人以客观可信的感觉。
3.遣词用字简练、平实、确切。议论文类完形填空是难度较高的完形填空形式，它旨在通过剖析事例，论述事理、提出见解或主张，从而告诉读者某种道理或给人某种启迪。近几年高考纯议论类文章较少。
议论文完形填空具有以下特点：
1.文章篇幅一般较长,容量大、思维跳跃性较强，作者往往通过分析某一具体事例来阐述自己的一个论点。
2.议论文的三个要素：论点、论据和论证。实际上，一篇文章就是作者提出问题、分析问题和解决问题的过程，一篇议论文体的文章往往都具备这样的属性。
不同的议论文可能采用不同的论点引入方式，因此在把握文章论点时应根据
其不同引入方式，采用相应的解题方法。
从历年高考题来看,完形填空题涉及议论文体裁的试题不及记叙文和说明文常见。虽然如此，在备考中也不能忽视。掌握议论文的特点，把握好作者在文章中所阐述的观点并结合常识去推理和合理想象是做好这类完形填空题的关键。
真题演练
Cloze 1
While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 1 process and found something that has changed my 2at college for the better: I discovered ASL—American Sign Language.
I never felt an urge to 3any sign language before. My entire family is hearing, and so are all my friends. The4languages were enough in all my interactions. Little did I know that I would discover my 5for ASL.
The 6began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 7 their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very 8of communicating without speaking 9me. What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the 10. This newness just left me 11more.
After that, feeling the need to 12further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club's meetings. I only learned how to 13the alphabet that day. Yet instead of being discouraged by my 14progress, I was excited. I then made it a point to 15those meetings and learn all I could.
The following term, I 16an ASL class. The professor was deaf and any talking was17. I soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant.18, if there had been any talking, it would have 19us to learn less. Now, I appreciate the silence and the 20way of communication it opens.
1.A.searching B.planning C.natural D.formal
2.A.progress B.experience C.major D.opinion
3.A.choose B.read C.learn D.create
4.A.official B.foreign C.body D.spoken
5.A.love B.concern C.goal D.request
最新高考完形填空专题练习附答案解析
最新高考完形填空专题练习附答案解析 高考完形填空专题练习原文 Night after night, my mother came to my bed, even long after my childhood years. She would 21 down and push my long hair out of the way, and then kiss my forehead. I don’t remember when it first started 22 me-her hands pushing my hair that way, for they felt work-worn and rough 23 my young skin. Finally , one night, I shouted out at her, "Don’t do that any more-your hands are too rough!" she made no 24 and left quietly. But never again did my mother do it with that familiar expression of her 25 . With the passing years, my 26 returned to that night time after time. By then I 27 my mother’s hands and her goodnight kiss. Sometimes the incident seemed very 28 , sometimes far away, but always it was 29 in the back of my mind.
2019年高考英语真题完形填空真题合集(含答案)
高考英语真题完形填空真题汇总集锦 高考英语全国一卷 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I 41 the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn’t want to 42 a few dollars? More than that, I’d always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I weren’t 43 enough about free credits, news about our 44 was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster, which 45 I would be learning from one of the game’s 46 . I could hardly wait to 47 him. Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this 48 was no game for him; he meant business. In his introduction, he made it 49 that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to 50 the class, among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class to our future professions and, 52 , to our lives. I managed to get an A in that 53 and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 54 . Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I’m still putting to use what he 55 me:“The absolute most important 56 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good 57 . On every single move you have to 58 a situation, process what your opponent (对手) is doing and 59 the best move from among all your options.” These words still ring true today in my 60 as a journalist. 41.A. put forward B. jumped at C. tried out D. turned down 42.A. waste B. earn C. save D. pay 43.A. excited B. worried C. moved D. tired 44.A. title B. competitor C. textbook D. instructor 45.A. urged B. demanded C. held D. meant
高考完形填空解题技巧
高考完形填空解题技巧 Document serial number【KKGB-LBS98YT-BS8CB-BSUT-BST108】
第一讲题目怎么命——一篇“美文佳作”，肢解“七零八落” 要弄明白一个东西“是什么”，就要知道它“从哪里来，要到哪里去”。要做好完形填空，就要对其命题过程有所了解，这样才能够轻松躲避出题陷阱，选出正确选项。就如同那句话，“你找到了限制，就找到了自由”。 完形填空所选语段的原型是一篇地道的完整的英语美文，是命题组的老师为高考命题所需绞尽脑汁从中挖去若干词汇所为。“完形填空”，顾名思义就是通过“填空”，使一篇被挖出若干空格、肢解得“七零八落”的文章恢复其原来完整的模样。 第一步：选文章 首先命题组要根据考试大纲和考试说明的要求，从英美国家杂志或网站上寻找一篇千词左右的文章，然后改造成一篇难度和长度都很合适的、适宜于挖空的二、三百词的语言材料。该语言材料在选材和体裁上一般要具备以下特点： 1．选材 从题材来看，高考完形填空题的选材新颖、时尚，注重知识、文化、教育与品位有机结合，符合中学生的阅读兴趣。题材广泛，涉及人物故事、教育、社会经济、文化发展等。例如2014年浙江卷“老师无意中的表扬却使学生改变很大”；2014年北京卷“老师帮助一位小女孩获得同学们的认可”；2014年湖南卷“妈妈通过教孩子熨衣服，使孩子学会如何处理生活中的棘手之事”；2014年重庆卷的第二篇“要入乡随俗”；2014年广东卷“就父母与孩子们的关系进行讨论”等。 2．体裁 从体裁来看，高考完形填空题通常以记叙文或夹叙夹议的文章为主，偶尔会出现议论文或说明文。以2014年高考为例，除了广东卷考的是议论文、重庆卷第二篇考的是说明文之外，其他省份考的都是记叙文或夹叙夹议的文章。 第二步：挖空格 命题组找到了合适的文章后，就要准备动手挖去一些词汇，确定供考生处理的空格的位置，挖空时一般遵循以下原则：
2016年高考完形填空题大汇总
2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语科试题完形填空题一览 1、北京卷 第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答 题卡上讲该项涂黑。 A Race Aga inst Death It was a cold January in 1925 in North Alaska. The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow. On the 20th of that mon th, Dr.Welch 36 a Sick boy, Billy, and knew he had diphtheria, a deadly infectious （传染的［disease mainly affecting children. The children of Nome would be 37 if it struck the town. Dr.Welch needed medicine as soon as possible to stop other kids from getting sick. 38 , the closest supply was over 1,000 miles away, in An chorage. How could the medici ne get to Nome? The tow n's 39 was already full of ice, so it could n't come by ship. Cars and horses could n't travel on the 40 roads. Jet airpla nes and big trucks did n't exist yet. 41 Ja nuary 26, Billy and three other childre n had died. Twemty more were 42 . Nome's tow n officials came up with a（n） 43 . They would have the medicine sent by 44 from Anchorage to Nenana. From there, dogeled（狗拉雪橇［drivers —known as “ mushers "w—uld 45 it to Nome in a relay（接力）. The race bega n on January 27. The first musher, Shannon, picked up the medici ne from the train at Nenana and rode all ni ght. 46 he han ded the medici ne to the next musher, Shannon's face was black from the extreme cold. On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to 47 a frozen body of water called Norton Sound」t was the most 48 part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice,which could sometimes break up without warning.lf that happe ned,Seppala might fall into the icy water below.He would 49 ,and so would the sick childre n of Nome.But Seppala made it across. A huge snowstorm hit on February 1.Amusher named Kaasen had to brave this storm.At one point,huge piles of sonw blocked his 50 .He had to leave the trail （雪橇痕迹）to get around them.C on diti ons were so bad that it was impossible for him to 51 the trail aga in. The only hope was Balto,Kaasen ' s lead dog, Balto put his nose to the ground5 2 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail.lf Balto failed,it would mean disaster for Nome.The minutes passed by.Suddenly, Balto bega n to 53 .He had foung the trail At 5:30 am on February 2, Kaasen and his dog 54 in Nome. Within minutes,Dr.Welch had the medicine.He quickly gave it to the sick children.All of them recoverd. Nome had bee n 55 . 425 36. A.exam ined 37. A.harmless 38. A. Moreover 39. A.airport B.warned B.helpless B.Therefore B.statio n B. snowy C.i nterviewed C. fearless C.Otherwise C. harbor C.busy D.cured D.careless D.However D.border D.dirty
(完整)做好高考英语完形填空的14种技巧
做好高考英语完形填空的14种技巧 1?跳读首尾句进行预测一般来讲，高考完形填空的首、尾句通常是不挖空的。先跳读这两句J便可判断体裁，猜想它要讲什么。若首句交代了When J where, who, What，即四个W，那么就是记叙文，很可能就是一个故事，为了测试语篇的理解能力，出题者特别注意选材的趣味性，其结尾往往出人意料，耐人寻味；若首句是提出或解释说明某事物，一般来说是说明文；若首句提出一个论点，那么就是议论文。 首句往往开宗明义，是文章的主题。细读首句可启示全文。而尾句又往往是对 文章主题的总结。所以，它们是了解文章大意的一个窗口，对我们理解全文有着重 要的启示作用。因此，要充分利用段首句提供的信息，去挖掘文章的思路，寻找文 章的脉络与线索。 EVel yn Glennie WaS the first IaCly Of SOIO PerCUSSi On in SCOtIancl .In an in terview, She recalled how She became a PerCUSSi On SOIOiS 打（击乐器独奏演员）in SPite Of her CliSabiIity.本文主要讲述的是苏格兰第一位女打击乐器独奏演员EVel yn GIe nnie在耳聋的情况下成功学习打击乐器的经历。根据首句给出的信息，下面我们可以猜想EVeIyn GIe nnie学习打击乐器过程必然充满困难，而能够在耳聋的情况下学习打击乐器，EVeIyn GIennie对音乐肯定也是充满热情的。 2.利用语法分析解题完形填空虽然以语境填空为主，但也有部分考查语法项目的 题目。对于这 类题，考生可以利用平时所学的词汇知识，分析单词（组）的使用范围、动词的及物和不及物，并利用句子结构、句式特点等知识全面衡量所有选项排除干扰。如：__ 51 ____ do you SUPPOSe he asked for them? 51 ? A. What B. HOW C. WhO D. WhiCh 【解析】本题中，do you SUPPOSe为插入成分。he asked for them是一个相对独立和完整的句子，因此空格处应该用副词HOW来修饰谓语动词asked,而不能用代词What5 WhO或WhiChO __ 8 ____ I had been born in the 16th CentUry J I WOUICl have had no job. 8.A. BeCaUSe B. While C. If D. SinCe 【解析】根据后面的I had been born in the 16th CentUry可知这只是个假设 5 是一个虚拟语气的条件句。故前面要用if引导。 3.利用固定搭配解题完形填空题中对词汇知识的考查，主要体现在习惯用法和 同义词、近义词 的辨析两方面。习惯用法是英语中某种固定的结构形态，即所谓的“习语"，不能随意改动。所以，考生平时应掌握好习惯用法。对词义辨析题的考查有加大力度的趋势。要做好这类题，需要有较大的词汇量和词语搭配能力、词语辨
全国高考英语完型填空真题汇编(含答案)
During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I41 the idea of taking the class because, after all, who doesn’t want to42 a few dollars? More than that, I’d always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I weren’t43 enough about free credits, news about our 44 was appealing enough to me. He was an international grand master, which 45 I would be learning from one of the game’s46 I could hardly wait to 47 him. Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this 48 was no game for him; he meant business. In his introduction, he made it 49 that our credits would be hard-earned. In order to 50 the class among other criteria, we had to write a paper on how we plan to 51 what we would learn in class to our future professions and 52 .to our lives. I managed to get an A in that 53 and leaned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 54 . Ten years after my chess class with Ashley, I' m still putting to use what he 55 me：“the absolute most important 56 that you learn when you play chess is how to make good 57 . On every single move you have to 58 a situation, process what your opponent (对手) is doing and 59 the best move from among all your options.” These words still ring true today in my60 as a journalist. 41. A put forward B jumped at C tried out D turned down 42. A waste B earn C save D pay 43. A excited B worried C moved D tired 44. A title B competitor C textbook D instructor 45. A urged B demanded C held D meant 46. A fastest B easiest C best D rarest 47. A interview B meet C challenge D beat 48. A chance B qualification C honor D job 49. A real B perfect C clear D possible 50. A attend B pass C skip D observe 51. A add B expose C apply D compare 52. A eventually B naturally C directly D normally 53. A game B presentation C course D experiment 54. A criterion B classroom C department D situation 55. A taught B wrote C questioned D promised 56. A fact B step C manner D skill 57. A grades B decisions C impressions D comments 58. A analyze B describe C rebuild D control 59. A announce B signal C block D evaluate 60. A role B desire C concern D behavior
2018年高考英语真题完形填空真题合集(含答案)
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高考英语 完形填空 专题训练
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1、新课标卷 日期：月日用时：分钟正确：题得分：分 I went to a group activity, “Sensitivity Sunday”, which was to make us more 36 the problems faced by disabled people. We were asked to “37 a disability”for several hours one Sunday. Some members, 38 , chose to use wheelchairs. Others wore sound-blocking earplugs（耳塞）or blindfolds （眼罩）. Just sitting in the wheelchair was a 39 experience. I had never considered before how 40 it would be to use one. As soon as I sat down, my 41 made the chair begin to roll. Its wheels were not 42 . Then I wondered where to put my 43 . It took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into 44 . I took my first uneasy look at what was to be my only means of 45 for several hours. For disabled people, “adopting a wheelchair”is not a temporary（临时的）46 . I tried to find a 47 position and thought it might be restful, 48 kind of nice, to be 49 around for a while. Looking around, I 50 I would have to handle the thing myself? My hands started to ache as I 51 the heavy metal wheels. I came to know that controlling the 52 of the wheelchair was not going to be a(n) 53 task. My wheelchair experiment was soon 54 . It made a deep impression on me. A few hours of “disability”gave me only a taste of the 55 , both physical and mental, that disabled people must overcome. 36. A. curious about B. interested in C. aware of D. careful with 37. A. cure B. prevent C. adopt D. analyze 38. A. instead B. strangely C. as usual D. like me 39. A. learning B. working C. satisfying D. relaxing 40. A. convenient B. awkward C. boring D. exciting 41. A. height B. force C. skill D. weight 42. A. locked B. repaired C. powered D. grasped 43. A. hands B. feet C. keys D. handles 44. A. place B. action C. play D. effect 45. A. operation B. communication C. transportation D. production 46. A. exploration B. education C. experiment D. entertainment 47. A. flexible B. safe C. starting D. comfortable
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