中国特色社会主义法治体系白皮书中英文对照版本

The Socialist System of Laws with Chinese Characteristics Information Office of the State Council

The People's Republic of China

October , Beijing

Contents

Foreword

I. Establishment of the Socialist System of Laws with Chinese Characteristics

https://www.360docs.net/doc/bf18469951.html,position of the Socialist System of Laws with Chinese Characteristics

III.Features of the Socialist System of Laws with Chinese Characteristics

IV.Improvement of the Socialist System of Laws with Chinese Characteristics

Concluding Remarks

Foreword

Governing the country by law and building a socialist country under the rule of law is a fundamental principle for the Communist Party of China (CPC) to lead the people and effectively govern the country. We

need to bring into being a socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics so as to ensure there are laws to abide by for the carrying on of state affairs and social life; this is a precondition and foundation for us to implement the fundamental principle of the rule of law in all respects, and an institutional guarantee for China's development and progress.

依法治国，建设社会主义法治国家，是中国共产党领导人民治理国家的基本方略。形成中国特色社会主义法律体系，保证国家和社会生活各方面有法可依，是全面落实依法治国基本方略的前提和基础，是中国发展进步的制度保障。

In 1949 the People's Republic of China was founded, marking the great transition from the centuries-old dictatorial system of feudalism to the system of people's democracy, putting an end to the period of semi-colonialism and semi-feudalism in China, and enabling the people to become masters of the country, society and their own life. For over 62 years, particularly since the policy of reform and opening up was adopted in 1978, the CPC has led the Chinese people in making the Constitution and laws. With concerted and unremitting

efforts, by the end of we had put in place a socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics, which is based on the conditions and reality of China, meets the needs of reform, opening up and the socialist modernization drive, and reflects the will of the CPC and the Chinese people. This legal system, headed by the Constitution, with laws related to the Constitution, civil and commercial laws and several other branches as the mainstay, and consisting of laws, administrative regulations, local regulations and other tiers of legal provisions, ensures that there are laws to abide by in economic, political, cultural and social development, as well as in ecological civilization building. 1949年，中华人民共和国成立，实现了中国从几千年封建专制制度向人民民主制度的伟大跨越，彻底结束了旧中国半殖民地半封建社会的历史，人民成为国家、社会和自己命运的主人。60多年来特别是改革开放30多年来，中国共产党领导中国人民制定宪法和法律，经过各方面坚持不懈的共同努力，到底，一个立足中国国情和实际、适应改革开放和社会主义现代化建设需要、集中体现中国共产党和中国人民意志，以宪法为统帅，以宪法相关法、民法商法等多个法律部门的法律为主干，由法律、行政法规、地方性法规等多个层次法律规范构成的中国特色社会主义法律体系

已经形成，国家经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设以及生态文明建设的各个方面实现有法可依。

The socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics is a legal foundation for socialism with Chinese characteristics to retain its nature, a legal reflection of the innovative practice of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and a legal guarantee for the prosperity of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Its establishment is an important milestone in China's development of socialist democracy and the legal system, and showcases the great achievements of reform, opening up and the socialist modernization drive. It is of great realistic and far-reaching historic significance.

中国特色社会主义法律体系，是中国特色社会主义永葆本色的法制根基，是中国特色社会主义创新实践的法制体现，是中国特色社会主义兴旺发达的法制保障。它的形成，是中国社会主义民主法制建设的一个重要里程碑，体现了改革开放和社会主义现代化建设的伟大成果，具有重大的现实意义和深远的历史意义。

I. Establishment of the Socialist System of Laws with Chinese Characteristics

一、中国特色社会主义法律体系的形成

The socialist system of laws with Chinese characteristics was formed gradually under the leadership of the CPC in the course of adapting itself to the cause of building socialism with Chinese characteristics.

中国特色社会主义法律体系是在中国共产党领导下，适应中国特色社会主义建设事业的历史进程而逐步形成的。

When the People's Republic of China was founded, it was confronted with the difficult tasks of organizing and consolidating the new political power, restoring and developing the national economy, and realizing and guaranteeing the people's right to be masters of the country. To meet the needs of construction of the political power, from 1949 to 1954, before the convening of the First National People's Congress (NPC), China promulgated and implemented the Common Program of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, which acted as a temporary constitution, and enacted the Organic Law of the Central People's Government, Trade Union Law, Marriage Law, Land Reform Law, Interim Regulations on the

中国特色社会主义法治理论学习笔记

学习笔记中国特色社会主义法治理论就是什么？中国特色社会主义法治理论就是中国特色社会主义理论的重要组成部分,后者已为前者的研究、发展、创新指明了方向、奠定了基础,沿着这条道路坚定不移地走下去,中国一定会形成一套不同于世界上任何一个国家的、承载着中国自己话语体系的法治理论。其内容就是什么？发展符合中国实际、具有中国特色、体现社会发展规律的社会主义法治理论,法学理论界承担着重要职责。四中全会审议通过的《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》已经为中国法治理论建设的基础性、根本性问题定下了总基调:坚持党的领导,坚持人民主体地位,坚持法律面前人人平等,坚持依法治国与以德治国相结合,坚持从中国实际出发。法学理论界要以四中全会精神为指引,积极推进中国法学理论创新,破解中国的法学理论难题,汲取中华法律文化精华,借鉴国外法治有益经验,但决不照搬外国法治理念与模式,争取早日形成一整套符合中国实际、具有中国特色、体现社会发展规律的社会主义法治理论。第一章中国特色社会主义法治建设基本原理第一节推进全面依法治国的重大意义一、依法治国就是坚持与发展中国特色社会主义的本质要求

与重要保障,就是实现国家治理体系与治理能力现代化的必然要求,事关我们党执政兴国、事关人民幸福安康、事关党与国家长治久安。二、全面依法治国与全面建成小康社会、全面深化改革的关系:全面建成小康社会、实现中华民族的伟大复兴的中国梦、全面深化改革,完善与发展中国特色社会主义制度,提高党的执政能力与执政水平,必须全面依法治国。三、党的十九大报告对十八大以来法治建设成就的总结:民主法治建设迈出重大步伐。积极发展社会主义民主政治,推进全面依法治国,党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一的制度建设全面加强,党的领导体制机制不断完善,社会主义民主不断发展,党内民主更加广泛,社会主义协商民主全面展开,爱国统一战线巩固发展,民族宗教工作创新推进。科学立法、严格执法、公正司法、全民守法深入推进,法治国家、法治政府、法治社会建设相互促进,中国特色社会主义法治体系日益完善,全社会法治观念明显增强。国家监察体制改革试点取得实效,行政体制改革、司法体制改革、权力运行制约与监督体系建设有效实施。四、社会主要矛盾变化对法治建设提出的新要求:中国特色社会主义进入新时代,我国社会主要矛盾已经转化为人民日益增长的美好生活需要与不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾。我国社会主要矛盾的变化就是关系全局的历史性变化,对党与

第一节坚持走中国特色社会主义法治道路建设中国特色社会主义法治体系

第一节坚持走中国特色社会主义法治道路，建设中国特色社会主义法治体系【本节导引】道路问题关系全局、决定成败。中共十八届四中全会作出《中共中央关于全面推进依法治国若干重大问题的决定》(以下简称《决定》)，并鲜明提出坚持走中国特色社会主义法治道路、建设中国特色社会主义法治体系的重大论断，明确建设社会主义法治国家的性质、方向、道路、抓手，必将有力推进社会主义法治国家建设，具有重大现实意义和深远历史意义。【事件回放】中国共产党十八届四中全会召开中国共产党第十八届中央委员会第四次全体会议于2014年10月20日至23日在北京召开。本次四中全会专题讨论依法治国问题，这在党的历史上尚属首次。

【主体内容】一、中国为什么要坚持走中国特色社会主义法治道路？

依法治国，是坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的本质要求和重要保障，是实现国家治理体系和治理能力现代化的必然要求，事关我们党执政兴国，事关人民幸福安康，事关党和国家长治久安。全面建成小康社会、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦，全面深化改革、完善和发展中国特色社会主义制度，提高党的执政能力和执政水平，必须全面推进依法治国。我国正处于社会主义初级阶段，全面建成小康社会进入决定性阶段，改革进入攻坚期和深水区，国际形势复杂多变，我们党面对的改革发展稳定任务之重前所未有、矛盾风险挑战之多前所未有，依法治国在党和国家工作全局中的地位更加突出、作用更加重大。面对新形势新任务，我们党要更好统筹国内国际两个大局，更好维护和运用我国发展的重要战略机遇期，更好统筹社会力量、平衡社会利益、调节社会关系、规范社会行为，使我国社会在深刻变革中既生机勃勃又井然有序，实现经济发展、政治清明、文化昌盛、社会公正、生态良好，实现我国和平发展的战略目标，必须更好发挥法治的引领和规范作用。法律知识：什么是法治？

美食当前中国八大菜系英文介绍

美食当前中国八大菜系英文介绍 China covers a large territory and has many nationalities, hence a variety of Chinese food with different but fantastic and mouthwatering flavor. Since China's local dishes have their own typical characteristics, generally, Chinese food can be roughly divided into eight regional cuisines, which has been widely accepted around. Certainly, there are many other local cuisines that are famous, such as Beijing Cuisine and Shanghai Cuisine. 中国地域辽阔，民族众多，因此各种中国饮食口味不同，却都味美，令人垂涎。因为中国地方菜肴各具特色，总体来讲，中国饮食可以大致分为八大地方菜系，这种分类已被广为接受。当然，还有其他很多著名的地方菜系，例如北京菜和上海菜。 Shandong Cuisine 山东菜系 Consisting of Jinan cuisine and Jiaodong cuisine, Shandong cuisine, clear, pure and not greasy, is characterized by its emphasis on aroma, freshness, crispness and tenderness. Shallot and garlic are usually used as seasonings so Shangdong dishes tastes pungent usually. Soups are given much emphasis in Shangdong dishes. Thin soup features clear and fresh while creamy soup looks thick and tastes strong. Jinan cuisine is adept at deep-frying, grilling, frying and stir-frying while Jiaodong division is famous for cooking seafood with fresh and light taste. 山东菜系，由济南菜系和胶东菜系组成，清淡，不油腻，以其香，鲜，酥，软而闻名。因为使用青葱和大蒜做为调料，山东菜系通常很辣。山东菜系注重汤品。清汤清澈新鲜，而油汤外观厚重，味道浓重。济南菜系擅长炸，烤，煎，炒，而胶东菜系则以其烹饪海鲜的鲜淡而闻名。 Shandong is the birthplace of many famous ancient scholars such as Confucious and Mencius. And much of Shandong cuisine's history is as old as Confucious himself, making it the oldest existing major cuisine in China. But don't expect to gain more wisdom from a fortune cookie at a Shandong restaurant in the West since fortune cookies aren't even indigenous to China. 山东是许多著名学者的故乡，例如孔夫子和孟子。许多山东菜的历史和孔夫子一样悠久，使得山东菜系成为中国现存的最古老的主要菜系之一。但是不要期望在西方国家的山东菜馆里从签饼(中国餐馆的折叠形小饼,内藏有预测运气话语的纸条)获得更多的好运气，因为签饼在中国也不是本土的。

建设中国特色社会主义法治体系练习题

建设中国特色社会主义法治体系 ?2、（单选题）要研究如何克服法律实施的阻碍和阻力，有针对性地进行程序设计、制度预防和机制阻隔，针对我国现阶段的国情，有必要把排除（）对法律实施的 ?4、（单选题）关于建设中国特色社会主义法治体系的意义，下列说法错误的是

o A.建设中国特色社会主义法治体系是在新的历史起点上全面推进依法治国、建 ?5、（单选题）法治体系是国家治理体系的重要组成部分，同时法治体系本身也是一个系统。下列说法正确的是（）。①中国特色社会主义法治体系由众多要素组成，这些要素从存在形态入手可将其从总体上分为硬件要素和软件要素两大类。②中国特色社会主义法治体系并不等同于法治诸要素相加之和，它必须对法治诸要素进行组织、搭配和安排，实现法治结构的科学设置，并决定中国特色社会主义法治体系的功能。③中国特色社会主义法治体系不仅要求相互间具有有机联系的组成部分结合起来，而且要成为一个能完成特定功能的总体。④与法律体系不同，法治体系不是一个静止的存在，而是一个动态的过程，包括法律的制定、实施、监督、实现、发挥作用、反馈等阶段性过 ?6、（单选题）有效监督和制约公权力，要在几个方面狠下功夫，下列选项正确的是（）。①要科学配置权力，使决策权、执行权、监督权相互制约又相互协调。②要规范权力的运行，为权力的运行设定大概的范围、条件、程序和界限。③要防止权力的滥用，为权力的行使设定正当目的及合理基准与要求。④要严格对权力的监督，有效规范党内、人大、、行政、司法、审计、社会、舆论诸项监督，并充分发挥各种监督的独特作用，使违法或不正当行使权力的行为得以及时有效纠正。⑤要健全权益恢复机制，

八大菜系的英文翻译

八大菜系的英文翻译 No. 1 Sichuan Cuisine 川菜 Specialties Include: (特别推荐) pockmarked bean curd 麻婆豆腐 chicken cubes with peanuts 宫保鸡丁 pork shreds with fishy flavour 鱼香肉丝 translucent beef slices 水晶牛片 No.2 Guangdong cuisine 粤菜 Specialties include: roasted sucking pig 烤乳猪 fricassee three kinds of snakes and cat 三蛇龙虎凤大会 steamed turtle with chives sauce 虾夷葱酱汁清炖甲鱼 king snake with bamboo slices 蛇王炒鸡丝 gourd cups 汤类 No. 3 Shandong Cuisine 山东菜系 dezhou grilled chicken 炙鸡 b ird’s nest in a clear soup quick-boiled clam 龙凤酸辣汤 lotus flower and shrimp 青辣椒镶虾 No. 4 Huaiyang Cuisine (also known as Weiyang Cuisine) 苏州菜yincai vegetalbes cooked with chicken slices 鸡汤煮干丝 crab meat & minced pork ball in casserole 清炖蟹粉 chicken mousse broth with fresh corn squid with crispy rice crust 桃花饭

2019法考《中国特色社会主义法治理论》习题

1.下列行为中，不可被提起行政诉讼的有：(C) A.罚款 B.没收 C.国防行为 D.强行摊派 2.作出具体行政行为的公务员，因其是以所在国家行政机关的名义作出的，(D) A.故成为行政诉讼的共同被告 B.故成为行政诉讼的被告 C.故不能称为行政诉讼的第三人 D.故不能成为行政诉讼的被告 3.下列选项中属于可诉性行政行为的是?(D) A.公安机关刑事侦查行为 B.行政机关内部人事管理行为 C.劳动争议仲裁行为 D.行政裁决行为 4.行政诉讼中的原、被告一般是(A) A.原告为公民、法人或其他组织，被告是国家的行政机关 B.原告是国家机关，被告是国家行政机关工作人员 C.原被告均是国家机关行政工作人员 D.原告是国家行政机关，被告是公民、法人或其他组织 5.行政案件原则上由(A)人民法院管辖。 A.最初作出行政行为的行政机关所在地 B.原告所在地 C.被告所在地 D.上一级人民法院指定管辖 6.对限制人身自由的行政强制措施不服提起的诉讼，由(D)人民法院管辖。 A.被告所在地 B.原告所在地 C.第三方所在地 D.被告所在地或者原告所在地 7.公民、法人或其他组织对行政机关的派出机构做出的具体行政行为不服的，应以(B)为行政诉讼被告。 A.该派出机构 B.该行政机关 C.该行政机关的上级主管机关

D.该派出机构和该行政机关 8.公民、法人或者其他组织直接向人民法院提起行政诉讼，其诉讼时效的规定是，应当在知道作出具体行政行为之日起的多长时间内?(D) A.一个月内 B.二个月内 C.三个月内 D.六个月内 9.因不动产提起诉讼的案件自行政行为作出之日起超过(C)，其他案件自行政行为作出之日起超过()提起诉讼的，人民法院不予受理。 A.十五年，十年 B.十年，十五年 C.二十年，五年 D.二十年，十年 10.对国务院部门所作的行政行为提起诉讼的案件，应由(C)管辖第一审行政案件。 A.高级人民法院 B.人民法院 C.中级人民法院 D.基层人民法院 11.根据新修订的《行政诉讼法》的规定，当事人、法定代理人可以委托一至二人作为诉讼代理人。下列不可以被委托为诉讼代理人的是：(B) A.当事人的近亲属或者工作人员 B.经法院许可的其他公民 C.当事人所在社区、单位以及有关社会团体推荐的公民 D.律师、基层法律服务工作者 12.人民法院在接到起诉状时对符合法律规定起诉条件的，应当登记立案。对当场不能判定是否符合法律规定的起诉条件的，应当(C) A.及时作出不予立案的裁定，并送达当事人 B.以起诉不符合法定条件为由，作出书面说明，不接收当事人的起诉状 C.接收起诉状，出具注明收到日期的书面凭证，并在七日内决定是否立案 D.及时审查，若无法作出判断时，推断其符合法定起诉条件 13.行政诉讼中，被告收到起诉状副本后不提交答辩状的(D) A.法院应裁定中止审理 B.法院应裁定延期审理

中国八大菜系中英文介绍

中国八大菜系中英文介绍 China covers a large territory and has many nationalities, hence a variety of Chinese food with different but fantastic and mouthwatering flavor. Since China's local dishes have their own typical characteristics, generally, Chinese food can be roughly divided into eight regional cuisines, which has been widely accepted around. Certainly, there are many other local cuisines that are famous, such as Beijing Cuisine and Shanghai Cuisine. Shandong Cuisine Consisting of Jinan cuisine and Jiaodong cuisine, Shandong cuisine, clear, pure and not greasy, is characterized by its emphasis on aroma, freshness, crispness and tenderness. Shallot and garlic are usually used as seasonings so Shangdong dishes tastes pungent usually. Soups are given much emphasis in Shangdong dishes. Thin soup features clear and fresh while creamy soup looks thick and tastes strong. Jinan cuisine is adept at deep-frying, grilling, frying and stir-frying while Jiaodong division is famous for cooking seafood with fresh and light taste. Shandong is the birthplace of many famous ancient scholars such as Confucious and Mencius. And much of Shandong cuisine's history is as old as Confucious himself, making it the oldest existing major cuisine in China. But don't expect to gain more wisdom from a fortune cookie at a Shandong restaurant in the West since fortune cookies aren't even indigenous to China. Shandong is a large peninsula surrounded by the sea to the East and the Yellow River meandering through the center. As a result, seafood is a major component of Shandong cuisine. Shandong's most famous dish is the Sweat and Sour Carp. A truly authentic Sweet and Sour Carp must come from the Yellow River. But with the current amount of pollution in the Yellow River, you would be better off if the carp was from elsewhere. Shandong dishes are mainly quick-fried, roasted, stir-fried or deep-fried. The dishes are mainly clear, fresh and fatty, perfect with Shandong's own famous beer, Qingdao Beer Sichuan Cuisine Sichuan Cuisine, known often in the West as Szechuan Cuisine, is one of the most famous Chinese cuisines in the world. Characterized by its spicy and pungent flavor, Sichuan cuisine, prolific of tastes, emphasizes on the use of chili. Pepper and prickly ash also never fail to accompany, producing typical exciting tastes. Besides, garlic, ginger and fermented soybean are also used in the cooking process. Wild vegetables and animals are usually chosen as ingredients, while frying, frying without oil, pickling and braising are applied as basic cooking techniques. It cannot be said that one who does not experience Sichuan food ever reaches China. If you eat Sichuan cuisine and find it too bland, then you are probably not eating authentic Sichuan cuisine. Chili peppers and prickly ash are used in many dishes, giving it a distinctively spicy taste, called ma in Chinese. It often leaves a slight numb sensation in the mouth. However, most peppers were brought to China from the Americas in the 18th century so you can thank global trade for much of Sichuan cuisine's excellence. Sichuan hot pots are perhaps the most famous hotpots in the

建设中国特色社会主义法治体系的总体要求

建设中国特色社会主义法治体系的总体要求编辑丨笑语盈盈建设法律规范体系要求恪守以民为本、立法为民理念，贯彻社会主义核心价值观，使每一项立法都符合宪法精神、反映人民意志、得到人民拥护，实现立法和改革决策相衔接，做到重大改革于法有据、立法主动适应改革和经济社会发展需要。建设法治实施体系要求执法、司法和全社会在法治轨道上开展工作，做到严格执法、公正司法、全民守法。建设法治监督体系要求健全宪法实施和监督制度，强化对行政权力的制约和监督，加强对司法活动的监督，完善检察机关行使监督权的法律制度，完善人民监督员制度。建设法治保障体系要求加强党的领导，完善职业保障体系，加强法律服务队伍建设，创新法治人才培养机制。建设党内法规体系要求健全党内法规体制、强化党内法规与法律、政策的关联，为管党治党提供法治保障。党的十八届四中全会决定全面部署了社会主义法治体系建设，明确了中国特色社会主义制度是中国特色社会主义法治体系的根本制度，是全面推进依法治国的根本制度保障。中国特色社会主义法治体系是基于中国特色社会主义制度根本要求而形成的法治体系，其使命是全面巩固和完善中国特色社会主义制度。因此，中国特色社会主义法治体系建设不是就法治论法治，而是紧紧围绕中国特色社会主义事业总体布局、围绕国家发展所需要的

国家治理体系进行建设。正因为如此，中国特色社会主义法治体系建设才具有全面巩固和完善中国特色社会主义制度的能力与功效。它主要从以下几个方面起到全面巩固和完善中国特色社会主义制度的作用。一、构建建设中国特色社会主义法治体系遵循的原则（一）坚持党的领导与依法治国的有机统一党与法治的关系是法治建设核心问题。中国特色社会主义法治体系建设既明确要求把党的领导贯彻到依法治国全过程和各方面，也明确了党在推进依法治国中的领导原则与领导方式；既明确要求巩固党在国家建设与治理中的领导核心地位，也明确了党必须依据宪法法律治国理政，依据党内法规管党治党。（二）坚持依宪治国与依宪执政有机统一依法治国首先是依宪治国，依法执政首先是依宪执政。党的十八届四中全会作出的这一重要论断，体现了我们党对宪法尊严和权威的充分肯定。宪法是国家根本大法，是社会主义法律体系的核心，也是确保党的领导与国家制度体系稳固的根本法律基础。因此，确立宪法在治国理政中的根本地位，对于中国特色社会主义制度将产生全局和长远作用。（三）坚持社会主义法治五大致系有机统一中国特色社会主义法治体系五大致系既有理论层面，也有实践层面；既有制度层面，也有运行层面；既有国家层面，也有党的层面；既能实现依法治国、依法执政、依法行政的共同推进，

八大菜系英文简介

China covers a large territory and has many nationalities, hence a variety of Chinese food with different but fantastic and mouthwatering flavor. Since China's local dishes have their own typical characteristics, generally, Chinese food can be roughly divided into eight regional cuisines, which has been widely accepted around. Certainly, there are many other local cuisines that are famous, such as Beijing Cuisine and Shanghai Cuisine. 中国地域辽阔，民族众多，因此各种中国饮食口味不同，却都味美，令人垂涎。因为中国地方菜肴各具特色，总体来讲，中国饮食可以大致分为八大地方菜系，这种分类已被广为接受。当然，还有其他很多著名的地方菜系，例如北京菜和上海菜。 Shandong Cuisine 山东菜系 Consisting of Jinan cuisine and Jiaodong cuisine, Shandong cuisine, clear, pure and not greasy, is characterized by its emphasis on aroma, freshness, crispness and tenderness. Shallot and garlic are usually used as seasonings so Shangdong dishes tastes pungent usually. Soups are given much emphasis in Shangdong dishes. Thin soup features clear and fresh while creamy soup looks thick and tastes strong. Jinan cuisine is adept at deep-frying, grilling, frying and stir-frying while Jiaodong division is famous for cooking seafood with fresh and light taste. 山东菜系，由济南菜系和胶东菜系组成，清淡，不油腻，以其香，鲜，酥，软而闻名。因为使用青葱和大蒜做为调料，山东菜系通常很辣。山东菜系注重汤品。清汤清澈新鲜，而油汤外观厚重，味道浓重。济南菜系擅长炸，烤，煎，炒，而胶东菜系则以其烹饪海鲜的鲜淡而闻名。 Shandong is the birthplace of many famous ancient scholars such as Confucious and Mencius. And much of Shandong cuisine's history is as old as Confucious himself, making it the oldest existing major cuisine in China. But don't expect to gain more wisdom from a fortune cookie at a Shandong restaurant in the West since fortune cookies aren't even indigenous to China. 山东是许多著名学者的故乡，例如孔夫子和孟子。许多山东菜的历史和孔夫子一样悠久，使得山东菜系成为中国现存的最古老的主要菜系之一。但是不要期望在西方国家的山东菜馆里从签饼(中国餐馆的折叠形小饼,内藏有预测运气话语的纸条)获得更多的好运气，因为签饼在中国也不是本土的。 Shandong is a large peninsula surrounded by the sea to the East and the Y ellow River meandering through the center. As a result, seafood is a major component of Shandong cuisine. Shandong's most famous dish is the Sweat and Sour Carp. A truly authentic Sweet and Sour Carp must come from the Y ellow River. But with the current amount of pollution in the Y ellow River, you would be better off if the carp was from elsewhere. Shandong dishes are mainly quick-fried, roasted, stir-fried or deep-fried. The dishes are mainly clear, fresh and fatty, perfect with Shandong's own famous beer, Qingdao Beer

建设中国特色社会主义法治体系答案

判断题（共8题，共40分） 1. 我们的市场经济改革尚未完全的完成，仍然是在行进过程中，因此需要进一步的靠制度进行强制性的推进转型。（5分） A 对 B 错 2. 国际上的竞争是全方位的竞争，包括企业竞争，社会竞争，政府竞争，文化等的竞争。其中法治水平也是竞争力的一个很重要的支撑方面。（5分） A 对 B 错 3. 社会秩序、经济秩序的维护，管理秩序的维护等，最后都要靠司法来实现。（5分） A 对 B 错 4. 培养职业法律人才、改革法官队伍，是完善法治体系、建设法治国家的重要内容之一。（5分） A 对 B 错 5. 法治不是我们的文化传统，我们国家的传统是伦理制。（5分） A 对 B 错 6. 十八届四中全会提出要全民守法，这是第一次提的这么高的位置，也是提的非常切中实际的问题。（5分） A 对 B 错 7. 司法的要求就是公正，最高价值就是公正。（5分） A 对

B 错 8. 政府落实一个法律包括财政、人事、其他方面的经济社会各方面的法律都是一种执法。而且执法不仅仅是监督、处罚、强制，也包括采取积极的措施来落实法律的规定。（5分） A 对 B 错单选题（共8题，共40分） 1. 实现建设中国特色社会主义法治体系，建设社会主义法治国家的总目标要坚持五大原则：第一，坚持中国共产党的领导。第二，坚持人民主体地位。第三，坚持法律面前人人平等。第四，坚持依法治国和以德治国相结合。第五，坚持从中国实际出发。这五大原则中，首要的是（）。（5分） A 坚持中国共产党的领导 B 坚持人民主体地位 C 坚持依法治国和以德治国相结合 D 坚持法律面前人人平等 2. 法治国家的立法权只能由（）行使。（5分） A 政府 B 法院 C 政府首脑 D 人民选举的代表组成的会议 3. 商工文明有九大特征：思维方式的理性化、价值观念的人格化、交换方式的市场化、生产方式的工业化、分配方式普惠化、生活方式城市化、组织形式民主化、管理方式法治化，还有活动范围全球化，在这九大特征中，最根本的要素是（）。（5分） A 价值观念的人格化 B 交换方式的市场化 C 生产方式的工业化

中国八大菜系代表作英文翻译

中国八大菜系代表作（英文翻译） No.1 Sichuan Cuisine Pockmarked bean curd Chicken cubes with peanuts Pork shreds with fishy flavour Translucent beef slices No. 2 Guangdong cuisine Roasted sucking pig Fricassee three kinds of snakes and cat Steamed turtle with chives sauce King snake with bamboo slices Gourd cups No. 3 Shandong Cuisine Dezhou grilled chicken Bird’s nest in a clear soup Quick-boiled clam Lotus flower and shrimp No. 4 Huaiyang Cuisine (also known as Weiyang Cuisine) Yincai vegetalbes cooked with chicken slices Crab meat & minced pork ball in casserole Chicken mousse broth with fresh corn Squid with crispy rice crust 川菜麻婆豆腐宫保鸡丁鱼香肉丝灯影牛肉粤菜烤乳猪龙虎烩清蒸甲鱼笋片烧蛇葫芦盅鲁菜德州扒鸡清汤燕窝羹油爆大蛤荷花大虾淮阳菜蔬菜炒鸡片砂锅蟹肉丸奶油鸡丝玉米汤鱿鱼锅巴

八大菜系英文版

鲁、川、粤、闽、苏、浙、湘、徽等菜系，即被人们常说的中国“八大菜系” 中国八大菜系之英文版 Eight Cuisines(八大菜系） China covers a large territory and has many nationalities, hence a variety of Chi nese food with different but fantastic and mouthwatering flavor. Since China's lo cal dishes have their own typical characteristics, generally, Chinese food can be roughly divided into eight regional cuisines, which has been widely accepted aro und. Certainly, there are many other local cuisines that are famous, such as Beij ing Cuisine and Shanghai Cuisine. Shandong Cuisine Consisting of Jinan cuisine and Jiaodong cuisine, Shandong cuisine, clear, pure a nd not greasy, is characterized by its emphasis on aroma, freshness, crispness an d tenderness. Shallot and garlic are usually used as seasonings so Shangdong dis hes tastes pungent usually. Soups are given much emphasis in Shangdong dishes. Thin soup features clear and fresh while creamy soup looks thick and tastes str ong. Jinan cuisine is adept at deep-frying, grilling, frying and stir-frying while Ji aodong division is famous for cooking seafood with fresh and light taste. Shandong is the birthplace of many famous ancient scholars such as Confucious and Mencius. And much of Shandong cuisine's history is as old as Confucious h imself, making it the oldest existing major cuisine in China. But don't expect to gain more wisdom from a fortune at a Shandong restaurant in the West since f ortune s aren't even indigenous to China. Shandong is a large peninsula surrounded by the sea to the East and the Yellow River meandering through the center. As a result, seafood is a major componen t of Shandong cuisine. Shandong's most famous dish is the Sweat and Sour Car p. A truly authentic Sweet and Sour Carp must come from the Yellow River. B ut with the current amount of pollution in the Yellow River, you would be bett er off if the carp was from elsewhere. Shandong dishes are mainly quick-fried, r oasted, stir-fried or deep-fried. The dishes are mainly clear, fresh and fatty, perfe ct with Shandong's own famous beer, Qingdao Beer Sichuan Cuisine pungent Sichuan Cuisine, known often in the West as Szechuan Cuisine, is one of the m ost famous Chinese cuisines in the world. Characterized by its spicy and pungen t flavor, Sichuan cuisine, prolific of tastes, emphasizes on the use of chili. Pepp er and prickly ash(花椒) also never fail to accompany, producing typical exciting tastes. Besides, garlic, ginger and fermented soybean （豆酱）are also used in t he cooking process. Wild vegetables and animals are usually chosen as ingredien

中国八大菜系翻译总结

中国八大菜系英文介绍 China covers a large territory and has many nationalities, hence a variety of Chinese food with different but fantastic and mouthwatering flavor. Since China's local dishes have their own typical characteristics, generally, Chinese food can be roughly divided into eight regional cuisines, which has been widely accepted around. Certainly, there are many other local cuisines that are famous, such as Beijing Cuisine and Shanghai Cuisine. 中国地域辽阔，民族众多，因此各种中国饮食口味不同，却都味美，令人垂涎。因为中国地方菜肴各具特色，总体来讲，中国饮食可以大致分为八大地方菜系，这种分类已被广为接受。当然，还有其他很多著名的地方菜系，例如北京菜和上海菜。 Shandong Cuisine 山东菜系/鲁菜 Consisting of Jinan cuisine and Jiaodong cuisine, Shandong cuisine, clear, pure and not greasy, is characterized by its emphasis on aroma, freshness, crispness and tenderness. Shallot and garlic are usually used as seasonings so Shangdong dishes tastes pungent usually. Soups are given much emphasis in Shangdong dishes. Thin soup features clear and fresh while creamy soup looks thick and tastes strong. Jinan cuisine is adept at deep-frying, grilling, frying and stir-frying while Jiaodong division is famous for cooking seafood with fresh and light taste. 山东菜系，由济南菜系和胶东菜系组成，清淡，不油腻，以其香，鲜，酥，软而闻名。因为使用青葱和大蒜做为调料，山东菜系通常很辣。山东菜系注重汤品。清汤清澈新鲜，而油汤外观厚重，味道浓重。济南菜系擅长炸，烤，煎，炒，而胶东菜系则以其烹饪海鲜的鲜淡而闻名。 Sichuan Cuisine 四川菜系/川菜 Sichuan Cuisine, known often in the West as Szechuan Cuisine, is one of the most famous Chinese cuisines in the world. Characterized by its spicy and pungent flavor, Sichuan cuisine, prolific of tastes, emphasizes on the use of chili. Pepper and prickly ash also never fail to accompany, producing typical exciting tastes. Besides, garlic, ginger and fermented soybean are also used in the cooking process. Wild vegetables and animals are usually chosen as ingredients, while frying, frying without oil, pickling and braising are applied as basic cooking techniques. It cannot be said that one who does not experience Sichuan food ever reaches China. 四川菜系，是世界上最著名的中国菜系之一。四川菜系以其香辣而闻名，味道多变，着重使用红辣椒，搭配使用青椒和花椒，产生出经典的刺激的味道。此外，大蒜，姜和豆豉也被应用于烹饪过程中。野菜和野禽常被选用为原料，油炸，无油炸，腌制和文火炖煮是基本的烹饪技术。没有品尝过四川菜的人不算来过中国。 If you eat Sichuan cuisine and find it too bland, then you are probably not eating authentic Sichuan cuisine. Chili peppers and prickly ash are used in many dishes, giving it a distinctively spicy taste, called ma in Chinese. It often leaves a slight numb sensation in the mouth. However, most peppers were brought to China from the Americas in the 18th century so you can thank global trade for much of Sichuan cuisine's excellence. Sichuan hot pots are perhaps the most famous hotpots in the world, most notably the Yuan Yang （mandarin duck）Hotpot half spicy and half clear. 如果你吃四川菜，发现它过于柔和，那么你可能吃的不是正宗的四川菜。红绿辣椒被用在许