2018年小学六年级英语总复习资料

2018年小学六年级英语总复习资料
2018年小学六年级英语总复习资料

一、字母

二、冠词

1、元音字母:Aa Ee Ii Oo Uu

2、大写字母的应用:

①句子第一个单词的首字母要大写。 ②人名、国家名、地名、语言等专有名词 首字母要大写。

不定冠词:a 、 an 定冠词 :the

2、a 、an 的使用取决于其后名词以什么音开头,而不是以什么字母开头 。一般情况下,以元音字母开头的单词前要用不定冠词an 。

注意:an hour 一小时 an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 a university student 一个大学生 a usual way 一个通常的方法 3、特指独一无二的事物,前面一般加定冠词the 。 Eg:The Great Wall is in China.长城在中国。

三、名词

可数名词 :表示可以用数目来计算的人、事物和概念的普通名词。(有单复数形式) 1、名词

不可数名词:表示无法用数目来计算的事物和概念的普通名词。(只有单数形式) 2、可数名词的复数变化规则:

①一般情况下直接加-s 。(浊辅音和元音后读/z/,清辅音后读/s/) pen(pens)、 teacher(teachers)

②以s sh x ch 结尾的词,一般情况下加-es 。

bus(buses)、 box(boxes)、dish(dishes)、peach(peaches) ③以“辅音字母+y ”结尾的名词先改y 为i,再加-es,es 读/z/

family(families)、cherry(cherries)、factory (factories )、candy(candies) 但boy 除外boy (boys )

④以f 或fe 结尾的词,多数变f 或fe 为v 再加-es 。

四、代词

(一) 人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性

单数 I me my mine myself 第一人称

复数 we us our ours ourselves 单数 yourself 第二人称 you you your yours

复数 yourselves he him his his himself

单数 she her her hers herself

第三人称 it it its its itself 复数 they them their theirs themselves

1、形容词性物主代词后可加名词,名词性物主代词后不可加名词。 this/that 加动词的单复数形式 these/those 加动词的复数形式

some (通常用于肯定句) any (用于否定句或疑问句)

1、在表示请求或建议,希望得到肯定回答的疑问句中,应用some 而不用any 。如:Can I have some water,please? (四)much 和many

五、数词

(二) 指示代词

(三)不定代词

许多,大量 much 加不可数名词

many 加可数名词

1、基数词:表示数目多少的数词叫基数词。

基数词和序数词的转变

基变序,有规律,词尾加上-th。

一、二、三,特殊记,

词尾字母t,d,d。

八去t,九去e,ve要用f替。

ty将y变成i,th前面

六、动词及时态

(一)、动词的分类:

1、Be动词

1、动词原形:动词的原形是动词未经过变化的形式。如:do,work,sing,study等。

4、动词的现在分词(也就是动词的-ing形式):

(三)动词的时态:

1、一般现在时

⑴一般现在时的形式:一般现在时时常以动词原形表示,但当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。

⑵、一般现在时的基本用法:

The earth moves around the sun.

地球围绕太阳转。

③表示现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。如:I am a student.

我是一名学生。

2、一般过去时

⑴一般过去时的形式:一般过去时是由be动词或实义动词的过去式构成的。

⑵实义动词的一般过去时的否定式和疑问式都应用助动词do的过去式did帮助完成。如:

①Did you watch TV last night?

⑶一般过去时的基本用法:

①有确定的过去时间状语时要用一般过去时。

如:I visited my uncle yesterday.昨天我拜访了我的叔叔。

②表示过去一段时间内的经常性、习惯性或反复性的动作要用一般过去时。

如:She often played computer games in 2013.2013年她经常玩电脑游戏。

③表示主语过去的特征或性格要用一般过去时。

如:She was a teacher.她过去是一名教师。

3、一般将来时

⑴一般将来时的形式:

①“be going to+V.原形”

be going to中的be根据主语的不同而选择使用:

②“will/shall+V.原形”表示将来时时,shall仅与第一人称搭配使用,will与各种人称使用。如:I/ We shall go shopping tomorrow.我/我们打算明天去购物。

He/She/They will come next week.他/她/他们下周来。

⑵一般将来时的基本用法:

①一般将来表示将要发生的动作或状态。如:I will/shall go tomorrow.我明天去。

3、现在进行时

⑴现在进行时的形式:现在进行时由“be动词+V.ing形式”。

⑵现在进行时

的基Array本用

法:

①表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。如:

-What are you doing? 你在做什么?

-I am reading English. 我在读英语。

②当时间状语为now或句子中有look,listen等词时,表示动作正在进行,这时要用现在进行时,如:

-They are playing football now. 现在他们在踢球。

-Listen!She is singing an English song.听,她正在唱英语歌。

七、介词

(一)介词的常见用法:

1、at、in、on在表示时间时的区别:

⑴ at:①表示具体的时间点,如:at five o’clock

⑵ in:①常与上午、下午、晚上等词连用,如:in the morning,in the afternoon,in the evening等。

②常与月份、季节、年份、连用,如:in July ,in spring,in 2017等。

⑶ on:①常与星期连用,如: on Monday,on Sunday等。

②表示具体的某一天,如:onJune 1st ,on May 3 rd等。

2、in和at在表示地点时的区别:

⑴ in+大地点,如:He lives in Shanghai.

⑵ at+小地点,如:at the door,at the corner of the street

3、by,with和in表示方式时的区别

⑴by:表示“以...”方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具。如: I go to school by bike every day.

⑵with:表示“用;以”,一般接具体的交通工具和手段。如:She cut the cake with a knife.

⑶in:表示“用某种语言”;穿着,戴着。如:The girl in a red T-shirt is my sister.

4、in、on、under、用于方位时的区别:

⑴in 在...里面如:in the box 在盒子里面

⑵on 在...上面如:on the desk在桌子上面

⑶under 在...下面如:under the chair 在椅子下面

八、句型

(一)、陈述句:

1、陈述句的肯定式:

(1)主语+系动词+表语.

如:-This is my father.这是我的爸爸.-It’s warm today.今天暖和。

(2)主语+谓语动词.

如:-The teacher smiled.老师笑了。

(3)主语+谓语动词+宾语.

如:-I want some chicken.我想要一些鸡肉。

2、陈述句的否定式:

(1)主语+be动词+not+其他.

如:-Those are not my glasses.那不是我的眼镜。

(2)主语+助动词(do/does/did)+not+实义动词+其他

如:-I don’t like grapes.我不喜欢葡萄。

(3)主语+情态动词+not+实义动词+其他.

如:-I can’t find Tony.我找不到Tony.

3、否定式的缩写形式:

is not=isn’t are not=aren’t do not=don’t does not=doesn’t did not=didn’t will not=won’t were not=weren’t was not=wasn’t

(二)疑问句:

1、一般疑问句:

(1)be+主语+表语?

如:-Are you a student? 你是一名小学生吗?

(2)情态动词(或助动词)+主语+谓语动词+其他?

如:-Can you swim? 你会游泳吗? - Do you like English? 你喜欢英语吗?

2、特殊疑问句:特殊疑问句是对句子中某一部分提问的疑问句。通常以What, Who, Whose, Which, When,

Why, Where, How等词引导。

(三)祈使句:

1、祈使句的肯定式:

谓语动词用原形。如:-Look at the blackboard.请看黑板。

2、祈使句的否定式:

(1)Don’t+动词原形. 如:-Don’t worry.别担心。 -Never do that again! 再也不要那样做了。

3、祈使句的let式:

(1)Let’s+动词的原形. 如:-Let’s go home.让我们回家吧!

4、祈使句的请求式:如:-Turn on the radio, please.请把收音机打开。

5、祈使句的命令式:如:-Stop talking! 别讲话!

6、祈使句的禁止式:如:-No swimming. 禁止游泳。

7、祈使句的提醒式:如:-Look out! The car is coming.当心!车来了。

(四)感叹句:

1、由what引导的感叹句:

(1)What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数+(主语+谓语)!

如:-What a beautiful desert (it is)! 多么美丽的沙漠啊!

2、由How引导的感叹句:;

(1)How +形容词+主语+谓语!

如:-How beautiful the flower is! 多么漂亮的花啊

(五)There be结构:

1、There be 结构的肯定式:

(1)There is +可数名词单数/不可数名词+地点/时间状语.

如:-There is a book on the desk. 桌子上有一本书。

(2)There are+可数名词复数+地点/时间状语.

如:-There are some flowers in there grade.花园里有一些花。

2、There be结构的否定式是在谓语动词后加“not”或“no”,表示“没有”之意。如果句中有some,

变否定式时需将some变为any。

3、There be结构的疑问式:

(1)There be结构变成一般疑问句时,要把be动词提前至there前。

其肯定回答用“Yes ,there is/are”.否定回答用“No, there isn’t /aren’t”.

如:-Is there a computer in your room?你房间有电脑吗?

-Yes,there is./ No, there isn’t.是的,有。/不,没有。

4、There be 的就进原则:

如:-There is a boy and two girls in the classroom.教室里有一个男孩和两个女孩。

-There are three pens and a pencil in the desk. 桌子上有三只钢笔和一只铅笔。

5、There be 和have 的区别:

There be (某地有某人或某物,强调某处有)Have (某人或某物拥有,强调某人有)

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