美国历史文化概况(英文版)答案-850-7-董晓波

Keys

答案

Unit 1

Text A

I.

1. destructive

2. have been persecuted

3. established

4. intensified

5. immigrated

6. overwhelming

7. refugees

8. combat

9. dispute

10. financial

II.

1. F

2.T

3.F

4.F

5.T

6.T

7. F

III.

1.像伊丽莎白女王一样，新任国王也鼓励对外扩张，以此来缓解国内的宗教争端和经济上的

低迷。

2.他们一直被称为清教徒，因为他们执意要“净化”英国国教——通过阻止其任命主教来简

化宗教仪式，改革组织形式。

3.在合约期满后这些契约奴可以获得自由，而黑奴却要呆在种植园世代为奴。

4.从16到18世纪，土著居民的人口由于以下原因急剧下降：来自欧洲的流行病的肆虐；欧

洲探险者和殖民者对他们的种族屠杀以及引发的战乱；被迫离开故土；土著部落间的战乱，被奴役；高比率的近亲结婚。

5.那些感染了疾病的人有的是疾病还处于潜伏期，有的是隔离得不那么严密，他们与土著居

民的接触使得疾病得以传播，进一步转为流行病。

Text B

I.

1. beneficial, solely

2. generally, disturbance

3. publish, have

4. strongly, condemn

5. revenge

6. become worse

美国历史文化概况（英文版）

2

7. correct

8. put down

9. leave

10. trap

II.

1.The Seven Years’War: It is the war lasting from 1756 to 1763 during which Britain and France

fought over the control of North American colonies. It ended up with the victory for Britain. As a result of the war, Britain acquired French holdings in Canada and Florida from France’s ally, Spain.

2.The Stamp Act: It is the act that passed by British Parliament in 1765 to be the first direct tax on

the American colonies. It required that all newspapers, pamphlets, legal documents, commercial bills, advertisements, and other papers issued in the colonies bear a stamp.

3.The Boston Tea Party: It is a direct action by colonists in Boston against the British government

for its unfair treatment. On the night of December 16, 1773, a band of men, disguised as Indians boarded three British ships lying at anchor in Boston harbor and dumped the tea cargo, which was from China, into the sea.

4.The Treaty of Paris: The Treaty of Paris, signed on September 3, 1783, formally ended the

American Revolutionary War between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the United States of America, which had rebelled against British rule.

Unit 2

Text A

I. jurisdiction，amphibians，contiguous，lease，habitat，disputing

II.

1. 美国领土包括明确界定的地理区域，即根据美国联邦政府权力管辖的大陆，天空或海域（但

不仅局限于这些领域）。

2. 落基山脉位于大平原的西部边缘，从北到南穿越全国，在科罗拉多州海拔高于14 000英尺

（4 300m）。

3. 为了防止被占领军的傀儡政府系统性地滥用，他们必须执行法律，并使法律在该领土被占

领之前获得效力。

III. T. F.T. F.

Text B

1. 平均而言，（美国）西部各州山区的降雪是全球最高。

2. 太平洋西北沿岸的降雨量比美国大陆的其他任何地区都大，其中华盛顿奎纳尔特雨林降雨

平均达一百三十七英寸（348厘米）。

3. 美国每年受各种自然灾害的侵害。

4. 偶尔会遭遇严重的洪灾。

II. predominate, precipitation, devastated, decimated, widespread, vulnerable, resistant

Unit 3

Text A

I.

1. ceded

2. has been undermined

Keys 3

3. dispossessed

4. unprecedented

5. prevail

6. is pervaded

7. eligible

8. be deducted

9. penniless

10. overseeing

II.

1. T

2.F

3.F

4.F

5.F

6.T

7.T

III.

1. to derive the main support from farmers and tradesmen

2.to be at war with

3.at the price of

4.to lower the property qualifications for voting

5.the gap between rich and poor

6.in the context of the times.

7.the executive department

8.at the expense of

9.on an even playing field

10.died from disease, starvation, and exposure

11.to clash with the tribes native to the area

12.to stream into

13.to sever its diplomatic relation with …

14.to make a fortune

15.to wade across streams and climb over mountains

Text B

I.

1. spread

2. practical, elegant

3. thinly

4. represent

5. expand

6. get lost

7. tiring

8. fight, forbid

9. mixture, keep, trace

II.

1. The wilderness forced frontiersmen to rely on themselves to survive and succeed, which

developed their self-reliance. They had to teach themselves many skills like building houses, making ploughs, which made them rough and strong. To survive in such a tough situation, they had to be hard-working. And while settling a piece of new land, they grew dash and daring and ready to run risks. The sparsely-populated area led to the fact that there was no need to lie or beat around the bush, which resulted in their honest and outspoken characteristics. The west movement

美国历史文化概况（英文版）

4

also shows that Americans are not keen on having a permanent residence but interested in seeking their dream by moving from place to place.

2. No, working ranch hands past and present had very little time for anything other than the

constant, hard work involved in maintaining a ranch. His real life was a hard one and revolved around two annual roundups, spring and fall, the subsequent drives to market, and the time off in the cattle towns spending his hard earned money on food, clothing, gambling, and prostitution.

Unit 4

Text A

I.

dispute argument or disagreement

manufacturer a company or industry

frontiersmen men who lived on the American frontier

brutal very cruel and violent

abolition the official end of a law, system etc.

nonchalant behaving calmly and indifferent

bombard to attack a place using bombs etc.

garrison to defend or guard a place

inferior not good, or worse in quality

inexoralble cannot be stopped

II.

1. F

2.T

3.T

4.T

5.F

6.T

7.F

8.T III.

1.关于黑人奴隶制的争端引发了美国内战。

2.关于保护关税法方面的分歧如楔子般分裂了南方州和北方各州。

3.小说成功地传递给读者这样一个信息：奴隶制是社会残酷现实的根源。即使从前对奴隶制

漠不关心的人也开始支持奴隶们的斗争。

4.尽管布朗的努力失败了，他的行动在很多忠诚义士中引起了深深地同情。一些极端分子企

图通过谋杀可恶的种植园主来进行报复。

5. 《宣言》规定了所有反叛州的黑奴都是自由的，并且欢迎他们加入联邦军队。由此，废除奴

隶制成为“拯救联邦”这一宣称的目的外的另一大目标。

Test B

I.

1. resolved

2. in vain

3. propositions

4. conceive

5. dedicated

6. are engaged in

7. consecrate

8. detract

Keys 5

9. perish

10. devotion

II.

1.八十又七年前吾辈先祖于这大陆上，肇建一个新的国度，乃孕育于自由，且致力于凡人皆

生而平等此信念。

2.而吾等将奉献此战场之部分，作为这群交付彼者生命让那国度勉能生存的人们最后安息之

处。

3.但，于更大意义之上，吾等无法致力、无法奉上、无法成就此土之圣。

4.这世间不曾丝毫留意，也不长久记得吾等于斯所言，但永不忘怀彼人于此所为。

5.吾等在此答应亡者之死当非徒然—此国度，于神佑之下，当享有自由之新生—民有、民治、

民享之政府当免于凋零。

III. Omitted

Unit 5

Text A

I.

1.impartial

2.intercepted

3.ratify

4.accommodate

5.distribute

6.illicit

7.rampant

8.cynical

9.gloomy; gloomy

10.negotiate

II.

1. F

2.T

3.T

4.F

5.F

6.F

7.T

8.T III.

1.stunned

2.coalitions

3.prestige

4.barbaric

5.hallmarks

6.involved

7.overthrown

8.unprecedented

Text B

I.

1.subsequently

2.jeopardize

3.appeasement

4.subjugation

美国历史文化概况（英文版）

6

5.invincible

6.knotty

7.fabricate

8.postpone

9.embargo

10.retaliation

II.

1.A

2.C

3.A

4.C

5. B

Unit 6

Text A

I.

1.devastating

2.preceded

3.virtually

4.plunged

5.deteriorated

6.scramble

7.hoarding

8.circulation

9.deprived of

10.revitalizing

II.

1.dropped

2.Investors

3.unprecedented

4.stabilize

5.assurances

6.drastically

7.triggered

8.collapsed

III.

1.F

2.F

3.T

4.T

5.F

6.F

7.T

8.T Text B

I.

1.to remain in a condition without improving or developing

2.much more important, more powerful, or much better than any others

3.to refuse to be responsible for something, be in control of something etc., when you should be or

were before

4.to ask for something that you want very much, in a sincere and emotional way

5.unkind and not caring that other people are suffering

6.to find new people to work in a company, join an organization, do a job etc.

7.an attempt or effort to do something new or different

Keys 7

8.immediately

9.until this time

10.to avoid talking about something, especially because you are trying to hide some information

II.

1.这个伟大的国家会一如既往地坚持下去，它会复兴和繁荣起来。

2.因此，让我首先表明我的坚定信念：我们唯一不得不害怕的就是害怕本身——一种莫名其

妙、丧失理智的、毫无根据的恐惧，它把人转退为进所需的种种努力化为泡影。

3.价值难以想象地贬缩了；课税增加了；我们的支付能力下降了；各级政府面临着严重的收

入短缺；交换手段在贸易过程中遭到了冻结；工业企业枯萎的落叶到处可见；农场主的产品找不到销路；千家万户多年的积蓄付之东流。

4.但是，我们的苦恼决不是因为缺乏物资。

5.幸福并不在于单纯地占有金钱；幸福还在于取得成就后的喜悦，在于创造努力时的激情。

6.如果这些暗淡的时日能使我们认识到，我们真正的天命不是要别人侍奉，而是为自己和同

胞们服务，那么，我们付出的代价就完全是值得的。

7.我们最大、最基本的任务是让人民投入工作。只要我们行之以智慧和勇气，这个问题就可

以解决。

8.如果我对人民的心情的了解正确的话，我想我们已认识到了我们从未认识的问题，我们是

互相依存的，我们不可以只索取，我们还必须奉献。

Unit 7

Text A

I.

1. 无论是联邦还是州级法律，美国法律最初很大程度上衍生于英国的普通法，英国法律在革

命战争时期就有效。但是，在实体和程序两方面而言，美国法律已经容纳了一些民法（法系）的创新，与英国法律传统有很大的不同。

2. 美国宪法是“领土上的最高法律”。它规定了美国政府的基础，保证了美国公民的自由和权

利。在美国，没有法律可以与宪法的任何原则冲突，没有政府的职权可以凌驾于宪法之上。

唯有联邦法院有权解释宪法和评估联邦或州法律的合宪性。

3. 美国是普通法系国家。每个州依据普通法有一个法律体系，除了路易斯安那州（其依据的

是法国民法典）。普通法系没有成文法的基础，法官通过在断案中适用从前的案例(先例)来建立普通法系。尽管明显地受到成文法权威的影响，但大多数法律，特别是关于财产、合同及侵权仍旧是普通法系的传统部分。这些领域的法大多由州管辖，因此州法律是普通法系的基本渊源。

II.

1.T

2.F

3.T

4. F

Text B

I.

1. 但是，当追逐同一目标的一连串滥用职权和强取豪夺发生，证明政府企图把人民臵于专制

统治之下时，那么人民就有权利，也有义务推翻这个政府，并为他们未来的安全建立新的保障。

2. 我们认为下面这些真理是不言而喻的：人人生而平等，造物者赋予他们若干不可剥夺的权

利，其中包括生命权、自由权和追求幸福的权利。

3. 因此，我们，在大陆会议下集会的美利坚联盟代表，以各殖民地善良人民的名义，非经他

美国历史文化概况（英文版）

8

们授权，向全世界最崇高的正义呼吁，说明我们的严正意向，同时郑重宣布；这些联合一致的殖民地从此是自由和独立的国家，并且按其权利也必须是自由和独立的国家，它们取消一切对英国王室效忠的义务，它们和大不列颠国家之间的一切政治关系从此全部断绝，而且必须断绝；作为自由独立的国家，它们完全有权宣战、缔和、结盟、通商和采取独立国家有权采取的一切行动。

II.

1. abolished

2. allegiance

3. sentiment

4. pursuit

5. evinces

6. endowed

Unit 8

Text A

I.

attempt earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something adopt choose and follow; as of theories, ideas, policies, strategies or plans hectic marked by intense agitation or emotion

consolidate to unite into one

evaluate place a value on; judge the worth of something

expand become larger in size or volume or quantity

witness see or observe an event and report what happened

dominated controlled or ruled by superior authority or power

rigorous demanding strict attention to rules and procedures

asymmetrical irregular in shape or outline

II.

1. F

2.F

3.T

4.F

5. F

III.

1. The NBA regular season begins in the first week of November. In February, the regular season

pauses to celebrate the annual NBA All-Star Game. Around the end of April, the regular season ends.

2. Teams hold training camps in October. Training camps allow the coaching staff to evaluate

players (especially rookies), scout the team’s strengths and weaknesses, prepare the players for the rigorous regular season, and determine the 12-man active roster (and a 3-man inactive list) with which they will begin the regular season.

3. The attractions of the All-Star Game include the MVP award, the Rookie Challenge, the Skills

Challenge, the Three Point Contest, and the NBA Slam Dunk Contest.

4. Having a higher seed means a team faces a weaker team in the first round. The team in each series

with the better record has home court advantage, including the First Round. Therefore, the team with the best regular season record in the league is guaranteed home court advantage in every series it plays.

5. The NBA Playoffs follow a tournament format. In every round except the NBA Finals, the best of

Keys 9 seven series follows a 2-2-1-1-1 home-court pattern, while for the final round (NBA Finals), the series follows a 2-3-2 pattern. On August 2, 2006, the NBA announced the new playoff format.

The new format takes the three division winners and the second-place team with the best record and ranks them 1–4 by record. The other 4 slots are filled by best record other than those other 4 teams. Previously, the top three seeds went to the division winners.

Text B

I.

1. reputation

2. instrumental

3. inadvertently

4. fleeting

5. popularize

6. prolific

7. acclamation

8. credit

9. endorsement

10. abruptly

II.

1. 他迅速成为耀眼的球星，因其高得分而受到大众的追捧。他从罚球线灌篮的跳投得分技术

为他赢得了“飞人乔丹”和“空中传奇”的绰号。

2. 乔丹因众多的广告代言而备受关注。1985年推出的“飞人乔丹”篮球鞋因为他的代言而获

得巨大成功，至今仍是颇为流行。

3. 虽然乔丹是位全能球员，他“飞人乔丹”的形象却不经意间使年轻球员忽略了跳投、防守

和基本功，这个事实令乔丹本人也感到惋惜不已。

4. 尽管乔丹为提升篮球运动地位作了大量努力，但是他本人在普及该运动中的影响力往往稍

纵即逝。比赛的电视收视率仅在他在役时有所上升，每次他一离队，收视率便急速下降。

5. 当乔丹对票房的影响力达到巅峰时，只要有公牛队的演出，无论是在主场或是客场，票都

即刻售罄。

III. Omitted.

Unit 9

Text A

I.

parallel; eclectic; ultimate; monument;

proponent; diverse; ravage; completion

II.

T F T F F T F T

III.

1. 美国视觉艺术

2. 形成

3. 向西扩张运动

4. 上流社会偏爱的浪漫感伤

5. 讽刺的关爱

美国历史文化概况（英文版）

10

6. 主导的艺术风格

Text B

I.

satirized; indomitable; deluge; injustice

comet; verge; inexhaustible; fruitless

II.

T T F T F F F

Unit 10

Text A

I.

1.

2.

II.

1.He popularized a number of dance techniques, such as the robot and the moonwalk. His

distinctive musical sound and vocal style have influenced numerous hip hop, pop, contemporary R&B and rock artists. Some of his other achievements include multiple Guinness World Records;

13 Grammy Awards; 26 American Music Awards; 13 number-one singles in the United States in

his solo career; and the estimated sale of over 800 million records worldwide.

2.Jackson was also a notable humanitarian and philanthropist. He founded the ―Heal the World

Keys 11 Foundation‖, donating and raising hundreds of millions of dollars for beneficial causes, supporting more than 39 charities and helping children threatened by war, poverty, and disease.

He also helped draw public attention to the issue of HIV/AIDS.

3.Jackson was often physically and emotionally abused by his father when he was a child.

Therefore, he became dissatisfied with his appearance, and he had nightmares and chronic sleep problems. He remained hyper-compliant especially with his father, and also he remained child-like throughout his adult life.

4.No, he didn’t bleach his skin. He suffered from vitiligo and lupus which made him sensitive to

sunlight and so he looked very pale. Several surgeons speculated that he had undergone various nasal surgeries, a forehead lift, thinned lips, and cheekbone surgery—although Jackson denied this and insisted that he only had surgery on his nose and had a dimple created in his chin.

5.His changing appearance, personal relations and behaviors such as the accusation of child sexual

abuse, though Jackson was not guilty at all in the two cases.

III.

1.他为推动音乐、舞蹈、时尚作出的巨大贡献，加之他那曝光过度的私生活，使他四十多年

来一直是全世界瞩目的流行文化巨星。

2.在模拟演唱会的现场，他正面对着满屋子的歌迷表演，突然烟火特效出了意外，杰克逊头

发着火，造成头皮二度灼伤。他做了治疗以隐藏头皮上的疤痕。此后不久他又进行了第三次的整鼻手术。这次的意外创伤在他心中留下了难以抹去的阴影。

3.杰克逊私生活的方方面面，包括他外貌的变化、个人关系及行为等引发了诸多争议。

4.事实上，迈克尔·杰克逊对于外貌的极度自卑、出现的失眠、恶梦等症状、对他人尤其是

父亲的绝对服从、成年后依然像个孩子般等种种表现，都源自他童年时遭受的长期虐待。

5.杰克逊后来用录音作证物，证实孩子爸爸唯一的目的就是向其勒索钱财。而杰克逊因此成

为贪欲之下的牺牲品。

Text B

I.

1.nomination

2.equivalent

3.prominent

4.disrupted

5.dub

6.disclose

7.affectionately

8.elaborate

9.constitute

10.Eligibility

II.

1.The Grammy Awards (for music), Emmy Awards (for television) and Tony Awards (for theatre).

2.The five spokes each represent the original branches of the Academy: Actors, Writers, Directors,

Producers, and Technicians.

3.The films should open in the previous calendar year, from midnight at the start of January 1 to

midnight at the end of December 31 and should play its Oscar-qualifying run in Los Angeles. And the films must be feature-length, defined as a minimum of 40 minutes, except for short subject awards, and they must exist either on a 35 mm or 70 mm film print or in 24 frame/s or 48 frame/s

美国历史文化概况（英文版）

12

progressive scan digital cinema format with native resolution not less than 1280x720. The producers must submit an Official Screen Credits online form before the deadline.

4.The ceremonies now are moved up to Sundays at 8:30 p.m. Eastern/5:30 p.m. Pacific, on late

February or early March.

5.Because traditionally no movie studios or competitors of official Academy Award sponsors may

advertise during the telecast.

III.

1.F

2.T

3.F

4.F

5. F

Unit 11

Text A

I.

1.expedition an organized journey with a particular purpose

2.available of things that you can get, buy or find

3.coordinate to organize the different parts of an activity and the people involved in it so that it

works well

4.monitor to watch and check sth. over a period of time in order to see hw it develops, so

that you can make any necessary changes

5.spacecraft a vehicle that travels in space

6.astronaut a person whose job involves traveling and working in a spacecraft

7. contractor a person or company that has a contract to do work or provide goods or services

for another company

8. navigation the skill or the process of planning a route for a ship or other vehicle and taking it

there

9. orbital a curved path followed by a planet or an object as it moves around another planet,

star, moon, etc.

10. dynamics the science of the forces involved in movement

II.

1. T

2.T

3.F

4.F

5.T

III.

1.2008年9月，美国国家航空航天局的约翰逊航天中心举行了庆祝的美国进入太空的50周年

庆典。

2.约翰逊航天中心大约有3 200名公务人员，其中包括了110名宇航员。

3.约翰逊航天中心是美国国家航空航天局航天科学和医药计划的领头羊。

4.宇航员的候选期间，他们会通过阅读手册及进行在不同的轨道系统中的计算机训练课程开

始正式的培训。

5.为航天开发的技术已经广泛使用在了药物、能源、交通、农业、通信、电子产品上。

Text B

I.

1. cockpit

2. maiden voyage

3. launched

4. uphold

Keys 13

5. liftoff

6. anticipation

7. amateur

8. illustrates

9. traverse

10. namesake

II.

1.T

2. F

3. F

4. T

5. F

III. Omitted.

Unit 12

Text A

I.

1. religious

2. comprises

3. permanent

4. refers to

5. catastrophic

6. established/ establish

7. donates

8. withdrew

9. rejoiced

10. annual

II.

1. F

2. T

3. T

4. F

5. T

6. F

III.

1. 历史上，感恩节是为了感谢上帝而诞生的节日。

2. 现在的感恩节起源于1621年在普利茅斯殖民地举行的感恩庆宴。那年，殖民者们在一个成

功的种植季过后，喜获大丰收。

3. 感恩节故事的一些细节描述源自19世纪90年代和20世纪初的神话，在内战余波和新移民

融合的大背景下，这些神话某种程度上为锻造共同的民族身份起到了推动作用。

4. 结果，感恩节假期的周末成为了一年中最繁忙的旅游旺季。

Text B

I.

1. People set up Independence Day in order to commemorate the adoption of the Declaration of

Independence on July 4, 1776, declaring independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain.

2. Independence Day is commonly associated with fireworks, parades, barbecues, carnivals, fairs,

picnics, family gatherings, concerts, baseball games, political speeches and ceremonies, and various other public and private events.

3. Thomas Jefferson was the major author of Declaration of Independence.

4. The myth is that Congress signed the Declaration of Independence on July 4, 1776. Most

delegates actually signed the Declaration on August 2, 1776. The myth was publicly believed and even the two founding fathers, Thomas Jefferson and John Adams came into believe it in their

美国历史文化概况（英文版）

14

elder years.

5. No. For people’s convenience, the celebration date may vary according to which day of the week

the 4th falls on. If it’s in the middle of the week, people would have firework displays and celebrations in the weekend.

II.

(1)

1. declare

2. resolve

3. deliver

4. decorate

5. explore

(2)

1. television

2. commemoration

3. solemn

4. alternation

5. proposal

(3)

1. independent

2. decisive

3. restrictive

4. convenient

5. annual

Unit 13

Text A

I.

A.

1.eventually

2.scandal

3.distinct from

4.transferred

5. distinct

6. headquarters

2.alteration

3.deposited

4.endowed

5.presumes

B.

1.白宫

2.美国国会大厦

3.五角大楼

4.华盛顿纪念碑

5.林肯纪念堂

Keys 15

6.杰斐逊纪念堂

7.美国国会图书馆

8.肯尼迪艺术中心

9.华盛顿邮报

10.水门事件

II.

1.F

2.T

3.F

4.T

5.F

6.F

7.F8.F9.F10.T

III.

1.白宫是美国总统主要的官方住所和办公地点。

2.美国国会大厦是国会开会的地点是联邦政府的立法机构。

3.五角大楼象征着美国军队，它常常被人们用来指美国国防部的而不是建筑本身。

4.美国内战后,国会图书馆的面积和其重要性开始了快速的增长。

5.华盛顿特区是国内和国际媒体一个主要的中心。《华盛顿邮报》公司，成立于1877年，是

历史最悠久、最受读者欢迎的本地日报。

Text B

I.

1. purchase buying sth.

2. surrender to admit you have been defeated and want to stop fighting

3. ratify to make an agreement officially valid by voting for or signing it

4. surpass to do or be better than sb./sth.

5. dominant more important than other things

6. suburb an area where people live that is outside the centre of a city

7. immigrant a person who has come to live permanently in a country that is not

their own

8. spacious large and with plenty of space for people to move around in

9. facilitate to make an action or a process possible or easier

10. antiquity an object from ancient times

II.

1. B. New York City

2. A. 5

3. C. France

4. B. The United Nations has three additional regional headquarters.

5. D. USA Today

Unit 14

Text A

I.

1. depicted

2. descendants

3. compliant

4. enacted

5. rebel

美国历史文化概况（英文版）

16

6. segregate

7. were eliminated

8. delivery

9. chronic

10. Accommodation

II.

1. Most African Americans are the direct descendants of captive Africans who survived the slavery

era within the boundaries of the present United States.

2. The popular conception of a race-based slave system did not fully develop until the 1700s.

3. The Civil Rights Movement between 1954 and 1968 was aimed at banning racial discrimination

against American blacks, especially in the Southern United States.

4. At least 95 percent of African-American voters voted for Obama. He also received overwhelming

support from young and educated whites, a majority of Asians, Americans of Hispanic origin, and Native Americans. He lost the overall white vote.

5. Historically, African Americans were supporters of the Republican Party because it was

Republican President Abraham Lincoln who helped in granting freedom to American slaves.

However, African Americans tend to vote for Democrats since the 1930s when Franklin D.

Roosevelt’s New Deal program provided economic relief to African Americans.

III.

1.In Great Migration about 1.75 million American blacks migrated to the North to escape racism

and seek employment opportunities in industrial cities while the Civil Rights Movement put pressure on Presidents and helped the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.

2.The majority of African Americans are Protestant of whom many follow the historically black

churches which minister predominantly African American congregations.

3.African Americans as a group remain at a pronounced economic, educational and social

disadvantage in many areas relative to European Americans while poverty is one of the most serious and long standing issues within African American communities.

4.African Americans are more involved in the American political process than other minority

groups in the United States and they tend to vote overwhelmingly for Democrats in U.S. elections.

5.African Americans had advanced greatly in education, though still lagging overall in education

attainment compared to white or Asian Americans.

Text B

I.

1. On the evening of December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, a Negro woman named Rosa Parks on a

bus refused to give her seat to the white and was arrested and forced to pay a fine of ten dollars. 2. In 1956, the racial segregation law was declared unconstitutional by the United States Supreme

Court.

3. In the summer of 1963, 250000 people of all races, faiths, creeds, and ages gathered at the Lincoln

Memorial, where Martin Luther King gave his famous speech ―I have a dream.‖

4. In 1964, Martin Luther King was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace.

5. On April 4, 1968, Martin Luther King was assassinated with a bullet into his neck.

II.

1. 我梦想有一天，这个国家将奋起，实现其立国信条的真谛：“我们认为这些真理不言而喻；

人人生而平等。”……我们拥有一个共同居住的世界巨厦。人类的生存将靠人的能力去解决

Keys 17 种族的不公平、贫穷和战争问题。

2. 马丁·路德·金求学生涯令人欣慰，他十五岁时进了摩尔豪斯学院，地点在佐治亚州的亚

特兰大，这是一所非常重视培养学生的领导能力和社会责任感的私立男校。

3. 一夜之间，蒙格马利市的公共汽车成了黑人不得不忍受的所有屈辱、所有不公平现象和所

有不平等现象的象征。

4. 我梦想有一天……从前的奴隶的后代和奴隶主的后代能够兄弟般的同桌而坐。我梦想有一

天我的四个孩子能够生活在这样那个一个国度里，人们不再根据他们的肤色而是根据他们的为人去判断他们的行为。今天我又一个梦想。

5.当我们就要离去时，让我们更加坚定地献身于这一斗争，更加坚定地恪守非暴力运动。

Unit 15

Text A

I.

Puritans

opposed

Christ.

individual

purity

future

Reformed

strictly

defended

celebrate

II.

1. F

2. T

3. T

4. F

5. T

III. Omitted.

Text B

I.

1.impulsive.

2.ambivalent

3.adultery

4.tormented

5.onlooker

6.eloquent

7.round-the-clock

8.seamstress

9.harangued

10.willful

II.

美国历史文化概况（英文版）18

1. B

2. A

3. C

4. B

5. A

III. Omitted.