2020经典文档内沪教版英语八年级下册主要知识点归纳大全(很实用)
沪教版英语八年级下册第二学期知识点归纳
第一部分：词与词组
Ⅰ、重点词汇与词组
1、at one’s suggestion
________________ on one’s suggestion ________________ make a suggestion ________________ offer a suggestion ________________
on the suggestion of... ________________
2、be interested in _______________ in danger ___________________
cut down ___________________ _ let out ____________________
belong to ______________________ on earth _______________________
keep…alive _______________________communicate with ___________________
protect oneself____
3、take charge of ____________ under the charge of ____________ in charge of ____________
4、agree on ____________ agree with ____________ agre to (do sth) ____________
5、come to a decision / arrive at a decision / reach a decision ________________
6、give a decision for ________________ give a decision against ________________
7、make a decision ________________
8frozen, freezing
9remind sb. of sth, in addition (to), now that, be excellent for, enable sb to do sth, be covered with, feel like be responsible for, now that, help oneself (to + food/drink/vegetable...)
10happen, take place
Ⅱ、词与词组辨析
1、alive, living都是“活着”的意思，用法不同。例如：
alive是表语形容词，一般在句子中放在系动词后面，用作表语。例如：
I am your friend as long as I am alive. 只要我活着就是你的朋友。
living是定语形容词，一般在句子中放在名词前用作定语。例如：
There are not any living things in the mountain area.在这个山区里没有任何活着的东西。
2、explain; explanation
3、visible; vision；invisible
4、contain hold
2、patient; impatient; patience
3、comfort; comfortable; comfortably
4、reply; answer （v. & n.）
12、try doing sth, try to do sth
13、go on to do sth, go on doing sth
14、be familiar to, be familiar with
8、experience, experienced
9、conclude, conclusion
10、go off, go out, go up, go away, go down, go in
11、used to do sth, be used to do sth, be used to doing sth, be used as, be used for
20、不定冠词a、an的用法
21、介词后面动词用-ing形式
15、pleased, pleasant, pleasure, please
16、accept, receive
17、keep的用法
18、what/how感叹句
19、数词的用法
24、well/good
25、疑问词+ 主语+ 情态动词can/should/could等+ 谓语动词= 疑问词+ 谓语动词不定式
22、状语从句连接词：if/as long as, when/while/as soon as/until/before/after, though/although
23、when/while
第二部分：语法
4、情态动词：mustn’t, can’t, may not等的意思
must与may（主语是第一人称）开头的一般疑问句的否定回答
must用或may用或
must, may等表示肯定的推测意义；can’t表示否定的推测意义
need作为情态动词与实义动词动词的用法
1、It’s + adj. + for/of sb + to do sth
2、a little, a few, little, few
3、表示数量的词：
plenty of, lots of, a lot of
a great/good deal of, a large/small quantity of, a large/small amount of
a number of, the number of
【情态动词用法的基本练习】
( ) 6. —Can you finish the work in two days? —Sorry, I ________. My computer doesn’t work.
A. don’t
B. can’t
C. mustn’t
D. needn’t
( ) 7. —________ you speak Japanese? —No, I can’t.
A. Can
B. Must
C. May
D. Should
( ) 8. If the traffic light is red, you ________ cross the road. It’s very dangerous.
A. don’t
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t
D. wouldn’t
( ) 9. —May I use your ruler? —________.
A. Yes, please
B. You are nice
C. It doesn’t matter
D. It was a pleasure
( ) 1. —May I take my pet dog with me into the cinema? —The rule says no. So you ________.
A. can
B. mustn’t
C. may
D. needn’t
( ) 2. We hope that as many people as possible ________ join us for the charity show tomorrow.
A. need
B. can
C. must
D. should
( ) 3. —Must I get up early tomorrow? —No, ________.
A. you mustn’t
B. I don’t think you have to
C. you can’t
D. you need
( ) 4. —May I play computer games, mum? —No. You ________ finish your homework first.
A. will
B. can
C. would
D. must
( ) 5. —Let’s go to the concert tonight, Michael! —Sorry, I ________ . I have to help my mother with the housework.
A. mustn’t
B. may not
C. needn’t
D. can’t
5、宾语从句：
陈述句改为宾语从句时，用that连接；
一般疑问句改为宾语从句时，用whether/if连接；
特殊疑问句改为宾语从句时，用特殊疑问词连接。
【宾语从句专项精选】
( ) 4 She asked Linda if___ go and get some.
A. could she
B. she could
C. she can
D. she may
( ) 5 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.
A. traveled
B. has traveled
C. travels
D. had traveled
( ) 1 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.
A. took
B. take
C. takes
D. will take
( ) 2 Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou.
A. has never gone
B. had never gone
C. has never been
D. had never been
( ) 3 The students want to know whether they___ dictation today.
A. had
B. has
C. will have
D. are
( ) 9. She didn't know___ back soon.
A. whether he would be
B. if would he be
C. he will be
( ) 10. I don't know _____ he still lives here after so many years.
A. whether B where C. what D. when
( ) 6. Can you tell me___ you were born, Betty?
A. who
B. what
C. when
D. that
( ) 7. I don't know ___ they have passed the exam.
A. what
B. if
C. when
D. where
( ) 8. I hardly understand. ___ he has told me.
A.that
B. what
C. which
D. who
( ) 14. Please tell me ______ last year.
A. where does your sister work B where did your sister work C where your sister works D where your sister worked
( ) 15. She asked me if I knew ______.
A. whose pen is it
B. whose pen it was
C. whose pen it is
D. whose pen was it
( ) 11. Do you know _____ they listened to yesterday evening?
A. what B when C why D how
( ) 12. He asked me _____told me the accident.
A whom
B which
C who
D whose
( ) 13. They don't know ________ their parents are.
A that
B what
C why
D which
( ) 18. Could you tell me ___?
A. when will they leave Beijing
B. when would they leave Beijing
C. when they will leave Beijing
D. when did they leave Beijing
( ) 19. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shop keeper _____ Who Moved My Cheese was an interesting book.
A. that
B. how
C. what
D. if
( ) 16. You must remember ________.
A. what your mother said
B. what did your mother say
C. your mother said what
D. what has your mother said
( ) 17. Did you know ____?
A. who he was looking after
B. who was he looking for
C. who he is looking for
D. who he is looking after ( ) 23. —Do you know _____ ? I'm going to see him. —Sorry, I don't know.
A. where does Mr. Li live
B. where did Mr. Li live
C. where Mr. Li lives
D. where Mr. Li lived ( ) 24. —W here do you think _____ he _____ the computer? —Sorry, I have no idea.
A. ／; bought
B. has; bought
C. did; buy
D. does; buy
( ) 25. I don't feel very well. Mum asked me _____ this morning.
A. what the matter is
B. what is wrong
C. what the matter was
D. what wrong was
( ) 26. —Where is Jack?
—He is away to spend his holiday. He's gone either to Hangzhou or to Wuhan, but I'm not sure _____ .
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. there
( ) 20. —I don't know _____ Mr. Green will come to see us. —He will help us with our English.
A. why
B. when
C. how
D. where
( ) 21. —We never know _____ the old man is. —They say he is a teacher.
A. what
B. who
C. which
D. where
( ) 22. I was told _____ Bill Gates was thirteen he began to play with computers.
A. that how
B. how that
C. when that
D. that when
6、直接引语转换为间接引语
. 时态的变化
引述动词如果用一般现在时或一般将来时，间接引语的时态不变。
引述动词如果用一般过去时，间接引语的时态要变成相应的过去时态的一种。具体变化如下：
一般现在时→一般过去时一般过去时→过去完成时
现在进行时→过去进行时现在完成时→过去完成时一般将来时→过去将来时
. 人称代词和指示代词的变化
指示代词this和these通常变为that和those。人称代词也要根据情况做适当调整。从句中的第一人称多变为第三人称，第二人称根据情况改为第一人称或第三人称，第三人称不变。
例如：He said, “I came to help you.”他说：“我是来帮助你的。”
→He said that he had come to help me. 他说他是来帮助我的。
. 时间状语的变化
now →then last month →the month before
today →that day three days ago →three days before
tonight →that night tomorrow →the next day
this week →that week next month →the next month
yesterday →the day before the day after tomorrow →in two days
地点状语的变化here →there 谓语动词的变化come →go
【注意】含有情态动词的直接引语变成间接引语是，情态动词也要相应地变成过去时态。若直接引语为客
观真理或自然规律，变为间接引语时，时态不变。有时由于直接引语有特定的过去时间状语，变为间接引
语时，时态不变。
7、不定代词辨析: all, any, another, both, each, every, either, few, little, many, much, no, none, neither, one, other, some以及由some, any, no, every和body, one, thing构成的复合不定代词。
one, ones的用法
each，every的用法
other, the other, another, others, the others的用法
【将下列句子中的直接引语改为间接引语】
1. “I am very happy.” said Fisher proudly.
2. Dinny said: “I saw Mr Muskam yesterday.”
3. He said: “I will have finished my work by that time.”
4. “I have never seen anything more beautiful than this.” he said.
we will leave Thornfield tomorrow.”
5. Mr Rochester said; “I’ve settled everything; and
6. “It is too late.” he said.
7. “Here is Miss Eyre, sir,” said Mrs Fairfax.
8. “I will try it,” said Kate.
9. “I’ve studied biology,” he said.
10. “We will go back to the house,” he said.
【不定代词专练】
( ) 6. I’m hungry. I want ________ to eat.
A. anything
B. something
C. everything
D. nothing
( ) 7. —I saw Tony at the party. But he didn’t speak tome ________ evening.
—Maybe he didn’t see you.
A. all
B. every
C. either
D. another
( ) 8. —Are you ________ from America? —No, none of us.
A. both
B. all
C. any
D. either
( ) 9. He showed me a magazine he bought yesterday. I think it’s interesting. So I bought ________.
A. it
B. this
C. that
D. one
( ) 10. Mike fell off the bike, but he didn’t hurt ________.
A. he
B. him
C. himself
D. hisself
( ) 1. ________ police officers in the UK carry guns, but most of them don’t.
A. No
B. Some
C. Many
D. All
( ) 2. —Which do you like best, coffee，water or juice? —________. I only like tea.
A. Both
B. Either
C. Neither
D. None
( ) 3. There are many tall buildings on _______ sides of the street.
A. either
B. all
C. both
D. none
( ) 4. She has written a lot of books, but ________ good ones.
A. any
B. some
C. few
D. many
( ) 5. —Would you like chicken noodles or beef noodles? —________. I’d like tomato noodles.
A. Either
B. Neither
C. Both
D. None
( ) 16. I thought ______of the matter but still couldn't find out the reason.
A. every
B. both
C. nothing
D. everything
( ) 17. My car is not so expensive as ________.
A. him
B. he's
C. he
D. his
( ) 18. Lily and Lucy have arrived，but _______students aren't here yet.
A. other
B. others
C. the other
D. the others
( ) 11. ________ book are you looking for?
A. What
B. Which
C. Who
D. Whose
( ) 12. There isn’t any milk in my glass. Would you give me ________?
A. some
B. few
C. little
D. any
( ) 13. We had plenty of paper but _____ ink.
A. a few
B. few
C. not many
D. not much
( ) 14. Learning a foreign language is especially difficult for those who have never learned ______before.
A. one
B. it
C. them
D. that
( ) 15. We're very busy because we've so ______books to read and so _______homework to do every day.
A. much ... many
B. many ... much
C. many ... a lot
D. a lot ... much
( ) 21. ______ is difficult in the world if you put your heart into it.
A. Something
B. Anything
C. Nothing
D. Everything
( ) 22.. Is this story the same as ______in that book?
A. the one
B. what
C. that
D. it
( ) 19. There are high buildings on ______side of the street.
A. both
B. every
C. any
D. either
( ) 20. －What do you usually have for breakfast? －______eggs and ______milk.
A Little ... a few B. A little ... a little C. A few ... a little D. A few ... a few
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初一上册英语知识点总 结 Document serial number【NL89WT-NY98YT-NC8CB-NNUUT-NUT108】
初一上册英语第一单元知识点总结 英语知识点是学习英语的关键。我们要对它格外重视。因此精品小编为大家整理了这篇初一上册英语第一单元知识点总结以供大家参考。 1.?介绍自己：Myname’s+名字我的名字叫....../I’m+名字我是...... 2.询问姓名 1)What’syourname?你叫什么名字? Alan艾伦/Myname’sAlan我的名字叫艾伦/I’mAlan我叫艾伦 What’s=Whatis name’s=nameis I’m=Iam
2)What’shisname?他叫什么名字? Hisname’sEric他的名字叫埃里克。/He’sEric.他叫埃里克。(He’s=Heis) 3)What’shername?她叫什么名字? Hername’sMary.她的名字叫玛丽。/She’sMary.她叫玛丽。 (She’s=Sheis) 3.?Nicetomeetyou.见到你很高兴。(初次见面用语。)回答Nicetomeetyou.或Nicetomeetyou,too. 4.?Howareyou? 回答：Iamfime,thanks./IamOK,thankyou.
5.Mr.，Mrs.，Miss.和Ms. Mr.['mist?(r)]先生 Miss.[mis]小姐，女士;(年轻未婚女子) Mrs.['misiz]太太;夫人(用于已婚妇女姓名前) Ms.[miz]女士 6.?IsheJack?他是杰克吗? Yes,heis.是的，他是。 No,heisn’t.Hisname’sMike.不，他不是。他的名字叫迈克。 7.?AreyouHelen?你是海伦吗?
初二英语下册知识点归纳
初二英语下册知识点归纳Last revision on 21 December 2020
初二(八年级)下册英语第一单元知识点归纳 初二(八年级)下册英语第一单元知识点主要是依据初二(八年级)下册英语教材，从重点短语、知识归纳、语法知识这三个部分总结了初二(八年级)下册英语第一单元知识点，适合初二学生学习英语、中考考生备考英语。 【重点短语】 1. fewer people 更少的人(fewer修饰名词复数，表示否定) 2. less free time 更少的空闲时间(less修饰不可数名词，表示否定) 3. in ten years 10年后(in的时间短语用于将来时，提问用How soon) 4. fall in love with…爱上… 例：When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell in love with him at once 当我第一次见到许老师，我立刻爱上他 5. live alone 单独居住 6. feel lonely 感到孤独(比较：live alone/go along等) The girl walked alone along the street, but she didn’t feel lonely那女孩独自沿着街道走，但她并不感到孤独 7. keep/feed a pet pig 养一头宠物猪
8. fly to the moon 飞上月球 9. hundreds of +复数数百/几百(概数，类似还有thousands of; millions of) 10. the same as 和……相同 11. A be different from B A与B不同(=There is a difference/Thgere are differences between A and B) 12. wake up 醒来(wake sb. up表示“唤醒某人” 13. get bored 变得厌倦(get/become是连系动词，后跟形容词如 tired/angry/excited等) 14. go skating 去滑冰(类似还有go hiking/fishing /skating/bike riding等) 15. lots of/a lot of 许多(修饰可数名词、不可数名词都可以) 16. at the weekends 在周末 17. study at home on computers 在家通过电脑学习 18. agree with sb. 同意某人(的意见) 19. I don’t agree. = I disagree. 我不同意 20. on a piece of paper 在一张纸上(注意 paper/information/news/work/homework/housework等常考到的不可数名词) 21. on vacation 度假
人教版七年级下册英语知识点归纳总结
Unit 1 Can you play the guitar? 一、单词与词组 Guitar吉他sing 唱歌,swim游泳dance跳舞,draw画画,chess西洋棋 Join: 表示“参加，加入”，此处指参加社团或组织，成为其中的成员。 Join the army 参军 Join the NBA 加入美国篮球协会 Join the art/sports/music/English/chess club 参加体育/音乐/英语/象棋俱乐部 乐器类+the play the guitar /the violin/the drums/the piano 非乐器类+ the play soccer/ basketball/volleyball/football/tennis/badminton （英式足球/ 篮球/ 排球/英式足球，美式橄榄球/网球/羽毛球）、 Be good at+ sth./doing sth. 擅长做某事 Be good with 与…相处得好 Be good to 对…友好=be friendly to Be good for 对…有好处 want to do sth /want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事 Like to do sth.特指某一次的动作； like doing sth. 强调经常性的爱好。 两者都表示喜欢做某事，在仅仅表达“喜欢”时两者可以通用。 Tell: Tell stories 讲故事 tell sb. sth. /to do sth. /not to do sth.告诉某人某事/不要做某事 Help: Help sb. to do sth. /help sb. with sth./ help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事 Help yourself/sb. (to sth.)把某物(尤其是指食物,饮料等)拿给自己/某人 can't help doing sth.情不自禁做某事 Call at 用于打某人的电话 e.g. Call Mr.Brown at 293-7742 Home:1. 表示动态概念。意思是“回家”，“到家”。前面不加介词。这里的home 是副词，表示目的地。 e.g. 1)When do you go home every day?你每天什么时候回家？ 2)He drives home after work.他下班的开车回家。 3)She often does some shopping on his way home. 她经常在回家途中买些东西。 2. at home 表示静态概念。意思是“在家”。这里的home是名词，表示具体地点。 e.g. 1) Is she at home? 她在家吗？ 2)He left his book at home. 他把书放在家里了。 Go home 回家 get home 到家 at home 在家 Also 也，而且；较正式，用于肯定句，紧跟动词。 e.g. I can speak English and I can also speak Chinese. 我能说英文也能说中文。 Too 多用于口语，放在句末。 E.g. Me too. 他也没有完成。 Either 多用于否定句，放在句末。 E.g. He hasn’t finished, either.