第二讲：名词性从句

名词性重要引导词

一，That从句

(一)主语从句

That从句做主语时，常用it作形式主语，常见的句型有：

1.It +be+形容词（obvious, true, natural, surprising, good, wonderful,

funny, possible, likely, certain, probable, etc）+that从句。

例如：It is certain that she will do well in her exam.她在考试中一定会发挥出色。

It is probable that he will tell her everything.他可能会告诉她所有事情。

练：很明显，他在森林里迷路了。

2.It +be +名词词组（no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no

surprise, etc.）+that 从句。

例如：It is a pity that we can’t go.我们不能去很可惜。

It ‘s no surprise that our team has won the game.我们队已经赢得这场比赛并不奇怪。

练：毫无疑问，中国是世界第一人口大国。

3.It+be+过去分词（said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.）+that 从句。

例如：It’s said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing.据说格林先生已经到达北京了。

It is decided that the meeting has been put off till next Monday.经决定，会议已经推迟到下周一了。

练：据报道，李娜赢了这场比赛。

（二）、宾语从句

常见的可以接that 从句作宾语的动词有see, say, know, imagine, discover, believe, tell, show, think, consider, be sure, be afraid等。在可以接复合宾语的动词之后，如think, make, consider等，可以用it作形式宾语。

例如：Do you know (that) he has joined the army? 你知道他参军了吗？

We think it highly probable that he is dead.我们认为他很可能已经死了。

We consider it necessary that he should improve his pronunciation. 他应当改进发音我们认为这是必要的。

He has made it clear that he will not give in.他是不会屈服的，这一点已经明确表示了。

练：我认为每天多喝开水是有必要的.

我没去聚会，感觉非常遗憾

我们都认为对这件事马上做出决定很重要.

（三）、表语从句

That 引导，表语从句时，不可省略。

如：My decision is that all of us are to start at 6o’clock tomorrow morning.我的决定是我们所有人明天早晨六点出发。

（四）、同位语从句

连词that引导同位语从句时，应当放在某些抽象名词，如（fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion news, idea, problem, possibility等）之后，对前面的名

词起补充说明的作用，that只起引导同位语从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何的成分，但不能省略，如：

There’s a feeling in me that we’ll meet again.

二、whether/if(是否)

（一）、1、在表语从句和同位语从句中，只能用whether不用if.

如：The problem is whether the meeting will be given.问题是会议是否举行。

I have no idea whether the meeting will be given.我不知道会议是否会举行。

2、当主语从句放于句首时，只能用whether不用if.

Whether the meeting will be given is still a problem.会议是否会举行还是个问题。

3、当it做形式主语时，主语从句放在句末时用whether/if 都可以。

It is still a problem whether/if the meeting will be given. 会议是否会举行还是个问题。

4、discuss 后接宾语从句时，必须用whether而不用if。

They are discussing whether the meeting will be given.他们正在讨论会议是否会举行。

5. 从句后有“or not”时，只能用whether.

I wonder whether he will come or not.

6.后接动词不定式时。

Can you tell me whether to go or to stay?

（二）在介词后面只用whether不用if。

如：It depends on whether you can do the work well.问题在于你是否能把这项工作

做好。

三、特殊疑问词

（一）主语从句

特殊疑问词引导主语从句时，常用it作形式主语。

如：It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.我们在哪儿开会都无所谓。

It has not been decided yet who will preside the meeting.由谁来主持会会议，还没确定。

（二）宾语从句

1.能接特殊疑问词引导宾语从句的动词很多，常见的有see, tell, ask, answer, know,

decide, find out, imagine, suggest, doubt, wonder, show, discuss, understand,

inform, advise.等。

如：I can’t imagine how he did it.我不能想象他是怎么样做这件事的。

They couldn’t understand why I confused that invitation.他们不明白我为什么拒绝那个邀请。

2.作介词宾语。

如:It all depends on how we solve the problem.这完全要看我们怎么解决这个问题。

We are worrying about what we should do next.我们正在为下一步该怎么办而烦恼。

（三）表语从句

The problem is where we should stay.问题是我们应该呆在哪？

（四）同位语从句

My question how I shall get in touch with him has not been answered.我如何能和

他取得联系的问题没有得到答复。

四、wh-ever

Whatever he likes will be given to him.他喜欢的所有东西都讲给他。

Whoever did this job must be rewarded. 无论谁干了这项工作一定要得到报酬。

She will give whoever needs a warm support.凡是需要帮助的人，她都会给予热情的

帮助。

I’ll call the baby whatever name you like.你喜欢什么名字，我就叫宝宝什么名字。

说明：wh-ever 即可以引导名词性从句，又可以引导让步状语从句，而no matter wh-只能引导让步状语从句

如：No matter what happened, he would not mind.(让步状语从句)

Whatever I said, he wouldn’t listen to me.(让步状语从句)

I don’t mind whatever happened. (宾语从句)

Whatever you say is of no use now.(主语从句)

五、as if/as though, because, why 也可以引导表语从句。

如：1.It looked as if it was going to rain.

2. That’s because he didn’t work hard enough.

3. That was why I asked for three days’ leave.

注意：because 引导的表语从句，主语不能是reason或cause,而且since, as不能引导表语从句

真题再现

1.It is by no means clear________ the president can do to end the strike.

2.The limits of a person’s intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but

______ he reaches this limits will depends on his environment,

3.Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ______ he could have expressed

it differently.

4.We promised _________ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with

the movie star.

5.The notice came around two in the afternoon________ the meeting would be

postponed.

6.The newcomer went to the library the other day and search for ______ he could

find about Mark Twain.

7.I made a promise to myself______this year, my first year in high school, would

be different.

8.It suddenly occurred to him _______he had left his keys in the office.

9.Scientists study_______ human brains work to work to work to make computers.

10.As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _______ suits

you best.

11.______Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness.

12.The shocking news made me realize________ terrible problems we would face.

13.There is clear evidence_________the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is

bodily pain

14.The massage you intend to convey through wards may be the exact opposite of

________ others actually understand.

15.Modern science has given clear _______the man hadn’t reported the accident

sooner.

16.I’m afraid he’s more of a talker than a doer, which is _____ he never finishes

anything.

17.We’ve offered her a job, but I don’t know______ she’ll accept it.

18.His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make out ______it is he is trying to

express.

19. Our teachers always tell us to believe in ______we do and who we are if we

want to success.

20.We haven’t discussed yet________ we are going to place our new furniture.

21.Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was

______it was rather closely modeled on his own life.

22.As a new graduate, he doesn’t know ________ it takes to start a business here

23.One reason for her preference for city life is ________ she can have easy access

to places like shops and restaurants.

24. Before the sales start, I make a list of ________ my kids will need for the

coming season.

25.It is uncertain________ side effect the medicine will bring about, although anout

two thousand patients have taken it.

26.Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. On one in the office knew

______ she was so angry.

27.How much on enjoys himself traveling depends on _______ he goes with,

whether his friend or relatives.

28.To improve the quality of our products, we ask for suggestions_________had

used the products.

29.It never occurred to me________ you could succeed in persuading him to

change his mind.

30.Could I speak to _______ is in charge of international sales please?

31.At first he hated the new job but decided to give him a few months to see

______it got any better.

32.As a new diplomat, he often thinks of ______he can react more appropriately on

such occasions.

33.We should consider the students ‘request_______ the school library provide more

books on popular science.

34.The fact has worried many scientists _____the earth is becoming warmer and

warmer these tears.

35.ttThe last time we had great fun was _______we were visiting the Warter Park.