必修5unit1知识梳理

Unit 5 Great scientists

重点单词：

1.conclude vt. & vi. 推断出；结束；缔结

（1）conclude sth (from sth ) （从某事）推断出某事

conclude ……with/ by doing ……以（做）……结束

（2）come to / draw/reach a conclusion 得出结论

in conclusion 最后，总之

2.attend vt. 照顾；出席；护理；上（学等）

(1)attend to 处理；注意倾听；照料，照顾

(2)attend a lecture / movie / meeting 听演讲/看电影/参加会议

attend school / classes 上课

attend church 做礼拜

attend on/upon sb. 伺候/照顾某人

【练习】

1.The coach asked his staff to _________ to the large group of journalists waiting for him to

announce his training plan.

A. adapt

B. attend

C. refer

D. appeal

2. We’re prepared to join with the president Obama , his adminstration , and both parties in Congress whenever we can to these goals.湖北省襄阳市四校2012—2013学年上学期高二期中考试英语试题

A. attract

B.assist

C.attend

D.achieve

3. I always have so many things to _____ when I come back to the company after a

trip abroad.湖北省宜城市三中2012-2013学年高二上学期期中考试

A. add to

B. contribute to

C. attend to

D. appeal to

4. Thousands of foreigners were______ to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened.长阳一中2010—2011学年度第一学期期末考试高二英语试卷

A. attended

B. attempted

C. attracted

D. attached

5. The President ordered that no time should be lost , and directed one of his high officials to ______the matter in person .

A. respond to

B. appeal to

C. contribute to

D. attend to

3. expose v. 暴露；揭露；使曝光

expose sth . 揭露；显露出某事物

expose sth ./ sb. /oneself (to sth.) 使某事/某人/自己暴露/显露

be exposed to 暴露于……

【练习】

1.I think it is almost a crime to __________ children to violence and sex on TV.

A. show

B. disclose

C. uncover

D. expose

2．Sometimes we need to__________ our weaknesses in order to learn from them and grow as a result.2012秋黄冈高中期中考试

A. expose

B. challenge

C. conclude

D. threat

3. .With the pace of life getting faster and faster ,we are all to stress at varieties of stages of our lives these days . It’s become a fact of life.湖北省襄阳市四校2012—2013学年上学期高二期中考试英语试题

A. attached

B. devoted

C. exposed

D. preferred

4. _______________ the classics contributes to children's reading comprehension.

接触经典名著有助于孩子们的阅读理解。（expose）

答案：Being exposed to

5. The reason why people carry umbrellas in hot summer days is that _______________________the hot sun may be harmful to the skin. （expose）

在炎热的夏天，人们为什么带伞是因为暴露在烈日下可能对皮肤有害。

答案：being exposed to

6.for too long does harm to our health. (expose) 在太阳下晒太久对我们的健康有害。(湖北省荆州中学12-13学年高二上学期期中试题) 答案：Being exposed to the sun

4. absorb v. 吸收；吸引；使专心`

absorb …..into 把……吸收进

absorb …..from 从……中吸收/取

be absorbed in (doing) sth. 专心（做）某事

absorb one’s attention 吸引某人的注意力

absorb oneself in = be absorbed in 全神贯注于……

be absorbed by 被……吞并；为……所吸收

【警示误区】

Be absorbed in （专心于），主语往往是人，并不表示被动，类似的短语有：be buried in 专心于；be lost in 陷入……；be caught in 被困于……；be devoted to 致力于……

【练习】

1._________ his thoughts , the scientist didn’t notice what had happened before him .

A. Absorbed in

B. Caught in

C. Used in

D. Interested in

2. .Fully ________ in preparing for the coming exam，she no longer has time to enjoy the various activities in her neighborhood.. 洪湖二中2013—2014高二上学期期中考试英语试卷A．devoted B．contributed C．attended D．absorbed

3. ____________________ the novel, he didn’t notice that the teacher was approaching.(absorb)

由于全神贯注地看小说，他没有注意到老师正向他走来。

答案; Absorbed in (reading)/ As /Since/Because he was absorbed in (reading)

5. blame v. 责备；谴责；把……归咎于n. 过失；责备

(1) blame sb. for …..因……而责备某人；把……归咎于

blame sth. on sb 把某事归咎于某人

be to blame (for) 应承担责任；该受责备

（2）accept / bear / take the blame for …. 对某事负责；承担责任

put / lay the blame for sth. on sb. 把责任推到……身上

be to blame 该怨……（主动形式表被动意义，不能再在to 后加be 动词）

【警示误区】

be to blame 做作定语、表语时，用主动形式表被动意义

【练习】

1.A day after losing the first presidential debate, President Barack Obama and his campaign _________ his Republican challenger Mitt Romney of being dishonest about tax policy and other issues. (2012-2013学年武汉市汉阳三中高二上学期期中考试英语试卷)

A. charged

B. accused

C. blamed

D. scolded

2. Reportedly some farmers do not like to sell grain to the State. It remains to be seen how the government will ________ this challenge.宜昌一中2012-2013学年度高二上学期期中考试A. handle B. blame C. recreate D. raise

(湖北黄冈中学2011—2012学年度上学期期中考试高二英语试题)

答案：who/that is to blame for

for the thing. (blame) 是我应该为这件事负责任（湖北省荆州中学12-13学年高二上学期期中试题）

5. .It is not the husband and wife but their parents _____________the failure of the marriage.(blame)湖北省襄阳市四校2012—2013学年上学期高二期中考试英语试

是他们的父母而不是他们夫妇该为失败的婚姻受责备。

答案: that are to blame for

6. .The driver________________ the accident, although it was not his fault. (blame)

司机该为事故负责，尽管不是他的责任。湖北省宜城市三中2012-2013学年高二上学期期中考试

答案;was to blame for

6. announce v. 宣布；通告；（事情、迹象）显示……；预告……

n. announcement 通告，布告，通知；预告

【归纳拓展】

（1）announce (to sb.) sth./ that …..宣布/ 发布某事

announce that …..宣布/发布……

It is announced that……据称；已宣布……

（2）announcement n. 通告；宣告；宣布

make an announcement 下通知；宣布

【警示误区】

不能说announce sb. sth. , 可以说announce sth . to sb . 或announce to sb. sth.

【易混辨析】

announce / declare

announce 意为“通知，宣布”，指预告性地宣布或公开宣告,多指首次宣布大家感兴趣或可满足大家好奇心的事情

declare “声明，宣布”，指正式宣布，也指当众宣布

【练习】

1. Greeting or talking to a foreign customer in fluent English will certainly make a good first ________ and that’s why English is a must for the job.宜昌一中2012-2013学年度高二上学期

期中考试

A. announcement

B. impression

C. prediction

D. comment

7. contribute v. 捐献；贡献；捐助

【归纳拓展】

contribute to 为……做出贡献；把（时间）投入；给……投稿；有助于；是……的原因make a contribution / contributions to doing sth. 为……做出贡献

【练习】

1. For a wealthy economy that is supposed to ________ global economic stability, Germany is not only failing to do its fair share, but is free-riding on other countries' economies.宜昌一中2012-2013学年度高二上学期期中考试

A. contribute to

B. turn to

C. belong to

D. refer to

2. .The stronger the______ for acquiring language skills is, the more quickly a language beginner

will learn. 2012年秋湖北省重点中学高二上期中联考

A. administration

B. motivation

C. occupation

D. contribution

3. The rise in wood fuel(燃料) use has __________ the disappearance of forest and the loss of habitats for pandas..湖北省黄冈中学2012年秋季高二年级期中考试

A. based on

B. resulted from

C. set off

D. contributed to

4. In a word, if everybody begins to reduce waste and take action immediately, we can ______ to our society.武汉市江夏区部分中学2011-2012届高二期中联考

A. relate

B. belong

C. link

D. contribute

5. After staying in the USA for ten years , he has been determined to__________ American citizenship .湖北省襄阳市四校2012—2013学年上学期高二期中考试英语试题

A. concentrate on

B. appeal to

C. apply for

D. contribute to

6. The young man _________ regularly to the magazine “The Times”,, which makes him a popular writer among the readers .

A. attended

B. devoted

C. appeared

D. contributed

重点短语：

1.put forward 提出；推荐；提名；把（钟表）往前拨

【归纳拓展】

put away 收拾起来（放好）；储蓄

put aside 放在一边；搁置；储蓄

put…..into输入；把……译成

put off 延期；推迟

put on穿戴上；上演；（体重等）增加

put out 扑灭

put through 接通电话

put up 举起；建造；（为某人）提供膳宿；张贴

put up with 容忍；忍受

【练习】

1. To make sure that he will be able to attend the sports meeting, we use special medicine to ________ the healing process.2012-2013学年武汉市汉阳三中高二上学期期中考试英语试卷

A. take up

B. swept up

C. put up

D. speed up

2. Order came that the chapter should be ________ of the book altogether, as it might damage the image of the President. 2012-2013学年武汉市汉阳三中高二上学期期中考试英语试卷

A. dropped out

B. left out

C. put away

D. cut back

3. Internet-related crimes are increasing. Therefore, suggestions should be ________for the future development of the tool.宜昌一中2012-2013学年度高二上学期期中考试

A. put forward

B. put up

C. put off

D. put out

4. The Japanese Trade Union Congress ________ a plan for national recovery and development which had been accepted by the majority .湖北省襄阳市四校2012—2013学年上学期高二期中考试英语试题

A. put down

B. put away

C.put aside

D. put forward

5. An interesting suggestion for measuring the atmosphere around Mars has been ________.长阳一中2010—2011学年度第一学期期末考试高二英语试卷

A. put up

B. put away

C. put forward

D. put out

6. None of the travelers paid attention to the advice by the villagers ,.As a result , they got lost in the forest .

A. put aside

B. put forward

C. put down

D. put out

7. It was not until the workers threatened a strike ____________ at the committee mating.

直到工人威胁罢工Joe才在委员会的会议上提出那个建议。（put）2012-2013汉阳三中高二期中考试试卷

答案：that Joe put forward that suggestion

2.apart from 除……之外；此外

take …. apart 将……拆开

tell….. apart 分辨出

fall apart 零散；坏了

【练习】

1._________ cleaning the yard and making up the beds for the old , we also read newspapers

for them and had chats with them .

A. Except for

B. Rather than

C. Apart from

D. Instead of

2.. Experts say _______ a high dropout rate, South Africa does not produce enough students with the skills for higher education in math and science.(2012-2013学年武汉市汉阳三中高二上学期期中考试英语试卷)

A. except for

B. apart from

C. alongside with

D. but for

3. I cared for none of the presents ________the wonderful bag you bought for my 12th birthday.洪湖二中2013—2014高二上学期期中考试英语试卷

A．in addition to B．as well as C．in addition D．apart from

4. .______ being too large, the color and the style of the dress suit me well.武汉市江夏区部分中学2011-2012届高二期中联考

A. Besides

B. Apart from

C. As well as

D. Instead of

3. make sense 有意义；有道理；讲得通

【归纳拓展】

Make sense of 理解；弄明白

Make no sense 没有道理；没有意义

In a / one sense 从某种意义来说

In no sense 绝不是；绝非/ （位于句首，句子要部分倒装）

There is no sense (in) doing sth. 做某事没有道理的

【练习】

1.What she referred to was so confusing that they could hardly make any _________ of it .

A. message

B. information

C. understanding

D. sense

2．It doesn’t _________ to buy that expensive coat when these cheaper ones are just as good as that ones．（湖北汉川二中2012-2013学年度上学期期中考试）

A．make a difference B．make out C．make sense D. make up

3 .Obviously，it doesn’t ____________________to dig another tunnel to rescue the miners trapped in the mine 200 meters deep under the ground.(sense)

很明显，挖另外一条地道去救困在地下200米下矿井中的矿工是没有意义的。（洪湖二中2013—2014高二上学期期中考试英语试卷）

答案：.make sense

4. .It was after my explanation for several times ______________________ the main point.. (sense)

解释了好几次之后他才明白要点。（湖北汉川二中2012-2013学年度上学期期中考试）

答案：that he made sense of

5. I _____________________ the music “Tante”, which, however, is so popular online.(sense)

我弄不懂“忐忑”这支曲子，而它却在网络上这么流行。（湖北省黄冈中学2012年秋季高二年级期中考试）

答案：can’t make sense of

重点句型：

1.Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense .

句型公式：

Only + 状语+助动词/Be动词/情态动词+主语+其他

【句式分析】

（1）当Only修饰状语位于句首时，主句用部分倒装语序

Only a week later did I receive on answer from her .

Only in this way can you solve this problem .

Only when you are forty and looking back will you realize that you haven’t done your best.

（2）当only 修饰主语的时候放句首，不到装

Eg: Only the teacher can answer this question.

【易混辨析】

if only/ only if

if only “要是……就好了”，主要用于虚拟语气，表示强烈的愿望或非真实的条件

eg: If only I hadn’t been so careless in the exam !

only if “只有……”，相当于as long as ，主要用于条件句中,位于句首时，其后句子用倒装eg: Only if a teacher has given permission is a student allowed to leave the room.

Only if we trust each other can we work together .

【练习】

1. .Only if you ask many different questions _______________all the information you need to know.(acquire)

你只有问许多不同的问题才会获得你需要知道的所有信息。湖北省黄冈中学2012年秋季高二年级期中考试

答案：.will you acquire

2. Only after being asked three times _____________the meeting. (come)

被邀请了三次之后，他才来开会。湖北省荆州中学12-13学年高二上学期期中试题

答案：did he come to

3. Only if you read many different books _________________ (你才会获得) all the information you need. (acquire)只有读不同的书你才会获得所有你需要的信息。武汉市部分中学2011-2012届高二期中联考

答案：will you acquire

4. Only when you research the plan carefully, _____________________a good suggestion. (put)湖北省宜城市三中2012-2013学年高二上学期期中考试

仅仅当你仔细研究这个计划，你才能提出一个好的建议。

答案：can you put forward