初中英语定语从句讲解、练习与答案
定语从句
定语从句
（一）、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语（动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语）或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。主要由形容词担任，此外，名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任，也可以由一个句子来担任。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。
定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。
如：1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.
2) You must do everything that I do.
上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。
引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who(宾格who, 所有格whose)和关系副词where, when、why
关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分
（二）、关系代词引导的定语从句
1.who指人，在从句中做主语
(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语)
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)
4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。
在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(5) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语)
(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语)
5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替
(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
(5)Do you like the book whose color is yellow?
=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
注：that 用法
(1)不用that的情况
(a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时。(错)The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
（三）、关系副词引导定语从句
关系副词关系副词：在句中作状语关系副词=介词+关系代词
why=for which
where=in/ at/ on/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)
when=during/ on/ in/ ... which (介词同先行词搭配)
1. where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语用来表示地点的定语从句。
(1) Shanghai is the city where I was born.
(2) The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.
2. when引导定语从句表示时间。在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用
(1) I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
(2) The time when we got together finally came.
[注]表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导。By the time you arrived in London, we had stayed there for two weeks.
到你到达伦敦的时候，我们在那里已经待了两个星期。
I still remember the first time I met her. 我仍然记得我第一次见到她。
Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towels, soap, toothbrush etc。每一次他去出差，他带来了生活必需品，如毛巾，肥皂，牙刷等，很多。
3. why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语
(1) Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
(2) I don’t know the reason why he looks unhappy today.
注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换
(1) The reason why/ for which he refused the invitation is not clear,
(2) From the year when/in which he was going to school, he began to know what he wanted when he grew up. 注：1）介词后面的关系代词不能省略。
2）that前不能有介词。
3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同
关系副词when ,where和why 互换。
This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?
Do you remember the day when you joined our club?
This is the reason why he came late.
This is the reason for which he came late.
1. The house ____ we live is not big.
A. in that
B. Which
C. in which
D. that
2. He talked about the lectures and schools ____ he had visited.
A. that
B. Which
C. who
D. whom
3. The scientist the teacher is talking ____ is leaving for Beijing.
A. to him
B. Whom
C. to
D. to that
4. I who ____ your teacher, will teach Marxism as a truth to you.
A. is
B. Are
C. were
D. am
5. ____ they could do was to work hard.
A. All
B. All what
C. All which
D. That
6. Do you know the reason ____ he didn’t come?
A. that
B. which
C. for
D. why
7. The room ____ windows face south is his.
A. that
B. w hich
C. whose
D. who’s
8. The park, ____ we visited yesterday, is very nice.
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. when
9. The park, ____ we met with him, is very nice.
A. where
B. which
C. that
D. when
10. The first time ____ I saw her was in 1989.
A. when
B. which
C. that
D. as
11. Pay attention to all ____ I do.
A. which
B. in which
C. what
D. that
12. I’ve read all the books ____ you gave me.
A. which
B. them
C. what
D. that
13. Is there anything ____ I can do for you?
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. it
14. The woman ____ child had fallen ill was a doctor.
A. who
B. her
C. whose
D. / 15. The pen ____ I’m using ____ is hers.
A. which; it
B. that; it
C. it; /
D. /
16. I have the same trouble ____ you have.
A. that
B. which
C. as
D. wha t
17. It’s the very book ____ I want to find.
A. which
B. that
C. it
D. so
18. He is the only one of the boys who ___ English for four years.
A. has learnt
B. have learnt
C. learn
D. learning
19. This is one of the books ____ worth reading.
A. that is
B. which are
C. it was
D. they are been
20. This is the best film ____ been shown this year.
A. which has
B. which have
C. that has
D. that have
21. This is the largest clock in the world, the minute have ____ is six minutes long.
A. where
B. of which
C. that
D. of that
22. Can you tell me the reason ____ you didn’t come for yesterday?
A. why
B. how
C. which
D. what
23. Do you still remember the day ____ we spent together last month?
A. that
B. in which
C. when
D. where
24. Oct. 1, 1949 was the day ____ the New China was founded.
A. that
B. in which
C. when
D. where
25. Which/Who of them ____ knows something about English doesn’t know this word?
A. which
B. who
C. that
D. as
26. ____ we all know, he is a good man.
………………………………………………最新资料推荐………………………………………
A. Which
B. Who
C. That
D. As
27. I’ve never seen such a lazy boy ____ you are.
A. which
B. who
C. that
D. as
28. There were many great leaders in the history ____ Abraham Lincoln was the greatest one.
A. in which
B. in whom
C. of which
D. of whom
29. I bought a new dictionary, ____ is very beautiful.
A. whose the cover
B. of which cover
C. the cover of which
D. which cover
30. They have planted many trees, one third of
____ are pine trees.
A. them
B. whose
C. which
D. that
31. That is my office, ____ face the south.
A. it’s windows
B. the windows
C. the windows of it
D. the windows of which
32. He’s given us a lot of information, ____ is valuable.
A. little of it
B. Little of which
C. a little
D. much of them
33. He has two sons, ____ is a collage student.
A. who
B. both of whom
C. neither of whom
D. neither
34. There are forty-five students in our class, ____ is only fifteen.
A. the youngest of whom
B. the oldest of them
C. one of them
D. the tallest
35. He has published two books, ____ I’ve completely forgotten.
A. their names
B. the names of which
C. the names of them
D. what names of which
36. He has several friends, the most devoted ____ is Henry.
A. friend
B. one of them
C. of them
D. of whom
37. Five men stole into the gate, ____ was lame in the right leg.
A. the second
B. the third of whom
C. one of them
D. among them
38. This is the very school ____ I wanted to visit.
A. where
B. that
C. which
D. in which
39. Is the school ____ you are going to work?
A. where
B. that
C. which
D. there
40. Is this ____ you want?
A. which
B. the one
C. that
D. the one what]
41. Shanghai, ____ I have visited twice, has a large population.
A. where
B. which
C. what
D. that 42. My youngest sister, ____ is forty years old, has got a life professorship in a university.
A. which
B. whom
C. who
D. that
43. The students didn’t like the way _ she was dressed.
A./
B. which
C. what
D. how
44. There’s no way ____ you could stop others talking about you unless you don’t spare yourself (严格要求自己).
A. for
B. that
C. where
D. of which
45. I am determined to learn my subjects in the way ____ you have done.
A. in which
B. by what
C. what
D. where
46. He used to do things in a way ____ did no harm to anybody.
A. /
B. what
C. in which
D. that
47. I’ll do ____ to help you.
A. all I can
B. all what I can
C. all those I manage
D. all which I can
48. All ____ want to buy the book, put down your names here.
A. who
B. these that
C. those who
D. ones
49. This is the third time ____ you’re late for school.
A. in which
B. that
C. which
D. on which
50. He arrived yesterday, ____ was just what we expected.
A. what
B. who
C. that
D. which
51. Einstein taught at Princeton, ____ there was a famous research institute.
A. that
B. where
C. which
D. because of
52. That is the reason ____ he came to see you.
A. when
B. that
C. which
D. for which
53. She is one of the few persons ____ Spanish in our school.
A. who knows
B. who know
C. which speak
D. that speaks
54. He is the only one of the teachers ____ Spanish in our school.
A. who teaches
B. who teach
C. which teaches
D. that teach
55. You are the only one _ advice he might listen to.
A. who
B. that
C. whose
D. whatever
56. Here is so big a stone ____ no man can lift.
A. as
B. which
C. who
D. that
57. He seems a foreigner, ____ in fact it is.