论英语快速阅读理解及其技能与技巧
论英语快速阅读理解及其技能与技巧
英语快速阅读是英语学习过程中一个极为重要的组成部分。为更有效地吸收大量信息,更新知识,提高英语的阅读速度和快速理解能力成为当务之急。在快速阅读过程中, 充分运用视觉信息和非视觉信息的联合作用,利用主题句获取段落主题,利用文章中的信号词会有效提高英语阅读速度和能力。
标签：英语快速阅读;快速理解能力;技能与技巧
阅读是英语学习过程中一个极为重要的组成部分。阅读不是一种被动的机械行为,而是由感知、思考、推理、判断、评价、想象和解决问题等一系列心理活动构成的主动、复杂的心理过程和实践活动。换言之,阅读是从书面语言材料中获取社会行为意义的实践活动和心理过程,是作为一种以书面材料为媒介的交际方式而存在的社会现象。在社会活动中人们阅读的目的有三种:1)生存的需要(reading for survival),这种阅读目的具有实用性。2)休闲的需要(reading for pleasure),人们在节假日或闲暇时间阅读,作为解除疲劳、放松头脑的一种方式。按照(Wallace)(1992)的观点,它的目的是“为阅读而阅读”(readingfor itsownsake)。
3)学习的需要(reading for learning),人们一方面通过阅读学习语言,掌握各种阅读技巧,巩固和发展所学过的知识,学会并运用阅读技巧,提高阅读效率,更好的促进听、说、写交际能力的发展;另一方面人们通过阅读了解所学语言国家的风土人情、文化传统等,以增进人与人之间的沟通和交流。从第三种学习的需要理解阅读,可以看出阅读理解是一个复杂的认知过程,在这个阅读过程中读者与语篇之间是一种互动(in teractive)的关系。
一、快速阅读英语的必要性
二十一世纪是一个更多元化的世界,多元化的世界就会引起多元化的经济和多元化的文化。诸多的多元化将会给我们的事业和生活提供各种各样的机遇和挑战。随着多元化的世界的飞速发展,知识的爆炸和更新对外语教学也提出了新的挑战。如今世界的知识总量每十年至十五年翻一番,而在实际生活里百分之八十五至九十的信息都是靠阅读获取的。为迅速有效的吸收和更新知识,从容面对知识经济加速到来、面对科学技术迅猛发展、面对国际的激烈竞争,提高英语的阅读速度和理解能力成为当务之急。
现代的阅读要求读者在精神高度集中情况下,利用有限的时间和有效的手段,以最快的速度从浩如烟海的英语资料中获取新的信息,吸收先进经验,加强国际间科技文化交流。只有通过大量、快速的阅读,频繁、广泛地接触语言材料,才能涉猎宽泛的知识面,而广博的信息含量是最能使读者对阅读感兴趣,兴趣这位教师就会成为学生形成良好的阅读习惯的益友, 这样,才能使学生自觉或不自觉的学到或掌握大量常用的词汇和语汇,进一步熟练阅读技术和技巧,提高阅读的速度和快速理解能力。
二、快速阅读能力、快速理解能力和阅读效果
大学英语阅读技巧
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大学英语四级考试的阅读文章体裁有记叙文、说明文、议论文，其中说明文和议论文为主要测试文体；在阅读题材方面，科技类大约占25%，人文类大约占45%，经济类大约占15%，综合类大约占5%，环境类比例小，近几年有上升趋势。因此，学生应针对不同的体裁和题材进行有侧重点的备考复习。 篇章阅读理解(单项选择) 本题型要求考生在阅读完一篇300~350个单词左右的文章后解答5个以单项选择题形式进行考查的题目。其所考查的内容一般不会是从文章能直接找到答案的，而需要考生运用自己的语言知识、逻辑知识等进行推敲和加深理解。这种题型可以考查任何层次、全局性、细节性的内容。虽然提供4个答案供考生进行选择，但干扰项大多具有迷惑性，这就要求考生对所读文章内容达到真正的理解。 1、解题步骤 第一步，读问题，划出标志词或关键词 快速浏览题目，对5个题目有大概印象以便阅读时有侧重点。一般来说，对于本身已经明确其考查内容的题目，标志词和关键词是比较容易找到的，只看一下题干即可，而对于那些并没有出现标志词和关键词的题目，如：The author suggests that，可以在解答试题时浏览选项作出解答。 第二步，略读文章 在略读中，首先阅读第一段，因为第一段通常会告诉我们作者将要讨论的话题。然后再阅读最后一段，以帮助我们对文章内容进行概
大学英语B 阅读理解答案
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大学英语(1)——阅读理解
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大学英语一题库阅读理解_试卷_答案
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大学英语四级阅读答题技巧窍门全套
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Japanese kindergartens in order to”， 本题通过“free play”，“some Japanese kindergartens”反映了原文考查对象，题干内容比较具体，属于细节分析。又如2005年6月份出现的题目：“What did the handball player do when he was not allowed a time out to change his gloves? ”本题handball player 是中心话题，when 引导状语从句，这两部分明确指定了考查的细节内容，在原文中找答案十分方便。 (2)、细节题解题方法 细节题考查信息查找能力和句子的理解能力。由于考试时间非常紧张，对于考生来说，做好细节题，首先是要在原文找到相关信息。正是由于这点，我们看文章需要目的。有同学先看文章再做题，导致做题时还得回去在文章中寻找相关内容，或者干脆凭着对文章的主观印象匆忙求解，结果是浪费时间或者错误较多。建议考生先看题干再看文章，这样就会有方向感，目的感。所以，细节题的重要做题方法就是：先看题干，再看原文，带着题干个别的特有信息或者带着题干的中心话题在原文定位。如“What did the handball player do when he was not allowed a time out to change his gloves? ”就可以结合handball player这个中心话题在原文找答案。 四级细节题干有时会有比较明显的信息，如时间数字，专有名词，中心名词。如2005年1月考题：What was confirmed by the Boston University Medical Center’s study?题干中Boston University Medical Center这个专有名词可以让考生迅速找到考到的原文内容。如果用题干信息在原文找答案没有结果，可以根据题目的先后顺序来确定大概范围(除个别例外，
统考大学英语A-阅读理解题库
阅读理解大学英语A 1、Throughout the colonial period there was a remarkable shortage of women, which varied with the regions and was always greatest in the frontier areas. This shortage enhanced women's status and position and allowed them to pursue different careers. The puritans regarded idleness as a sin, and believed that life in an underdevelopment country made it necessary that each member of the community performed an economic function. Thus work for women was not only approved but also was regarded as a civic duty. Puritan town councils expected widows and independent women to be self-supporting. There was no social prohibition against married women working; on the contrary, wives were expected to help their husbands in their trade and won social approval for doing extra work in or out of the home. The vast majority of women worked within their homes, where their labor produced most articles needed for the family. The entire colonial production of cloth and clothing and partly that of shoes was in the hands of women. In addition to these occupations, women were found in many different kinds of employment. They were butchers, silversmiths and gunsmiths. They ran mills, plantations, shipyards, and every kind of shop. They were gatekeepers, jail keepers, journalists, printers, nurses, and teachers. (1)、What does the passage mainly discuss A：Colonial marriages. B：The puritan religion. C：Colonial women's employment. D：Education in the colonies. 答案：C (2)、According to the passage, where in colonial North America were there the fewest women A：Puritan communities. B：Seaports. C：Frontier settlements. D：Capital cities. 答案：C (3)、It can be inferred from the passage that the Puritans were ______.
高中英语阅读猜词技巧.pdf
高中英语阅读理解中的猜词技巧 Teaching Design Date: 2014—11—15 Topic: How to guess unknown words and expressions in reading comprehension. Students: Class 4 Grade 3 Teacher: Lai Ruiwen 一教学分析 1.教学内容简述 该课是一堂专项阅读训练课，具体介绍在高中英语阅读理解中的猜词技巧。“猜测词句意义”题型在高考阅读中占有一定的份量，每年的高考题中有2-3题，也就是每篇阅读基本上有1题，占了一定的份量。而我们学生在这方面的技能显得薄弱，猜词能力比较差，猜词没有具 体的系统的方法，因此，针对此题型的训练就显得很有必要。在必要时，做些语法分析， 通过词与词的关系，确定其词性；有时根据常识和生活经验或构词法知识，完全可以对那些从未见过的生词的词义作出正确的推测。做这种题时，特别要注意的是，对于那些我们 熟悉的词千万不要妄自、草率下结论，一定要结合上下文判断它在文中的意思。 2 教学对象分析 高三的学生到了高三下学期，积累了一定的词汇量，具备了一定的语篇分析能力，通过一定的练习，掌握了一些阅读理解解题技巧，但是学生普遍基础薄弱，句子分析能力差，不知道 联系上下文，阅读能力实属一般，很多同学甚至都是凭感觉在做题，并无系统的解题方法。 因而，希望通过此节课使学生的阅读理解能力有所提高。 二．教学目标分析 1. Knowledge and skills: (1)Enable Ss to know the basic questions patterns in NMET reading comprehension. (2)Help Ss basically know how to guess the word meaning in reading. (3)Help Ss improve some related reading skills. 2. Process and methods (1) 通过具体的例子引入这节课的话题，介绍其在高考中所占的比重和考查形式。使其重视 这一部分内容的学习。 （2）通过归纳总结的方式找出猜词题的解题技巧。教师强调重难点，最后再通过练习巩固 技巧。最终使得学生自己学会分析问题解决问题。 3 Emotional skills (1) Make Ss become more confident in Reading. (2) Enable Ss to enjoy reading. 三. Teaching emphasis and difficulties: Guess the word or expressions according to the context clues. 四Teaching methods: Summarizing, practicing, co—operation and interaction. 五：Teaching aids:
大学英语AB级解题技巧
阅读理解训练指导 1、阅读理解部分的题型简介 高等学校英语应用能力考试的阅读理解部分设有25 道题，阅读理解的短文有4 篇，总阅读量约1000 词，时间为40 分钟，占总分的35 ％。 高等学校英语应用能力考试的阅读部分有两个方面与其他考试中的阅读不同： 一是从内容上看，这部分的阅读材料不包括故事、小说、散文等文学性材料。实用性文字材料占60 % ，重点放在一般性阅读内容上，如科普、文化、社会、常识、经济、人物等，以及应用文如文摘、外贸函电、广告、说明书、业务订单和文件。 二是从答题要求上看，这部分的阅读理解不仅仅限于多项选择题，通常的做法是：给两篇阅读材料，要求考生在理解短文的基础上从每题所给的多项选择题中选出最佳答案；另两篇则要求在理解短文的基础上按给定要求（字数）填空和信息匹配，最后一篇要求简要回答。 填写短文大意题是阅读理解的重要组成部分，要
求读懂全文并根据文中的信息分类填入，多为介绍性文章。 简短回答问题这种题型通常出现在最后的阅读理解里，多以信件或广告形式出现，历年的试题基本上都是这样，要求理解其中的主要信息及传达的要求。 单项选择填空是阅读理解中最常见而且所占比重最大的一种题型。其主要的考点可归纳为：测试对文中指定的生词及句子的理解；测试对文中大意和主旨的理解和概括；测试对文中细节信息的理解、查找和判断；测试对作者的写作目的和感情色彩的推断。 2、阅读部分的命题原则 命题原则，通俗地讲，就是命题人员问问题的方式，从什么角度提问，掌握这些，这对考生高分通过阅读理解部分的测试是很有帮助的。综观近年来高等学校英语应用能力考试的阅读理解部分的命题情况，命题通常分为两大类： 一是涉及文章总体性的问题。涉及文章总体性的问题需要对全文有足够的理解。这类问题的形式通常体现
大学英语四六级阅读猜词技巧解读.doc
大学英语四六级阅读猜词技巧解读 在英语学习中，我们自然会遇到许多生词。这时，许多人立即翻阅字典，查找词义。其实，这种做法是不科学的。它不但费时费力，而且影响阅读速度。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落有着互相制约的关系。我们可以利用语境(各种已知信息)推测、判断某些生词的词义。猜测词义时，可利用以下线索：一、针对性解释针对性解释是作者为了更好的表达思想，在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或词汇等所作的解释。这些解释提供的信息具有明确的针对性，利用它们猜词义比较容易。1、根据定义猜测词义如果生词是句子或段落所解释的定义，理解句子或段落本身就是推断词义。【例一】anthropology is the scientific study of man.由定义可知，anthropology就是"研究人类的科学"。【例二】In slang the term "jam" constitutes a state of being in which a person finds himself or herself in a difficult situation.同样，从上下文的定义可知jam一词在俚语中的意思是"困境"。定义句的谓语动词多为：be， mean， deal with， be considered， to be， refer to， be called， be known as， define， represent， signify，constitute等。2、根据复述猜测词义虽然复述不如定义那样严谨、详细，但是提供的信息足以使阅读者猜出生词词义。复述部分可以适当词、短语或是从句。1)同位语【例一】Semantics， the study of the meaning of words， is necessary if you are to speak and read intelligently.