2017考研英语定语从句四种翻译处理技巧

2017考研英语定语从句四种翻译处理技巧
2017考研英语定语从句四种翻译处理技巧

2017考研英语定语从句四种翻译处理技

英语中的定语有两种:前置定语和后置定语。而无论是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句都是后置定语。限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的主要区别在于限制意义的强弱之分。然而,在汉语中定语作为修饰语通常在其修饰词前面,并且没有限制意义的强弱之分。限制与非限制在翻译成汉语中并不起十分重要的作用。英语中定语从句的往往非常复杂,而我们翻译成汉语中的定语不宜太过复杂臃肿。所以,我们在翻译定语从句时一定要考虑汉语的表达习惯。下面浅谈几种翻译技巧:

第一、前置翻译法

把定语从句翻译到所修饰的先行词前面,可以用“的”来连接。但前置翻译法往往适用于较短的定语。

如:Yao Ming is a basketballplayer who is ver great。姚明是一名非常伟大的运动员。

第二、后置翻译法

把定语从句翻译在所修饰的先行词后面,翻译为并列分句。其中对于先行词的处理有两种:

1. 重复先行词。

如:I told the story to John,who told itto his brother。他把这件事告诉了约翰,约翰又告诉了他的弟弟。

2. 省略先行词。

如:They worked out a new method by which production has now been rapidly increased。他们制定出一种新方案,采用之后生产已迅速得到提高。

第三、融合翻译法

所谓融合,即把定语从句和它所修饰的先行词结合在一起翻译。把定语从句翻译成汉语后其定语的作用已经不明显或完全消失。

如:There is a man downstairs who wants to see you。楼下有人要见你。

第四、定语译成状语翻译法

1. 译成时间状语

如:A driver who isdriving the bus mustn‘t talk with others or be absent-minded。司机在开车时,不许和人谈话,也不能走神。

2. 译成原因状语

如:He showed no further wish for conversation with Mrs.Smith,who was now more than usually insolent and disagreeable。他似乎不愿再和史密斯太太讲话,因为她现在异常无礼,令人厌烦。

3. 译成条件状语

如:Men become desperate for work,any work,which will help them to keep alive their families。人们极其迫切地要求工作,不管什么工作,只要它能维持一家人的生活就行。

4. 译成让步状语

如:He insisted on buying another house,which he had no use for。尽管他并没有这样的需要,他坚持要再买一幢房子,。

5.译成目的状语

如:He wishes to write an article that will attract the public attention to the matter。为了引起公众对这一事件的注意,他想写一篇文章。

6. 译成结果状语

如:They tried to stamp out the revolt,which spread all the more furiously throughout the country。他们企图镇压反抗,结果反抗愈来愈烈,遍及全国。

综上,浅谈了定语从句的四种翻译处理技巧:前置翻译法、后置翻译法、融合翻译法和状语翻译法。纵观历年的考研英语翻译实践中,后置翻译法和状语翻译法用得比较多。希望以上的浅析能够在考研复习中对同学们有所帮助。

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