高中英语构词法练习
构词法专项训练
1.I wrote him a letter to show my___(appreciate) of his thoughtfulness.
2.The first tomb was built at the___(begin) of the 15th century.
3.Painting is a ___(create) process.
4.For our homework tonight, we have to write a ___(describe) of the street where
we live.
5.The ___ (discover) of gold on their land made the people rapidly rich.
6.I’d just like to ___ (emphasis) how important it is for people to learn foreign
language.
7.My grandfather is as___(energy) as a young man and hates sitting around doing
nothing at all.
8.The first lesson was very___(enjoy)---I like it a lot!
9.These discoveries proved the___(exist)of a human species who lived in the area
between 700,000 and 200.000 years ago.
10.A smile is the universal___(face) expression---it is intended to put people at ease.
11.Those who change mobile phones frequently will pay a heavy price for
being___(fashion).
12.The committee is discussing the problem right now. it will___(hope) have been
solved by the end of next week.
13.The accused man proved his___(innocent) of the crime.
14.The government’s new scheme is designed to help the___(job).
15.The days start to___(long) in March.
16.___(Luck), Peter didn’t get the job.
17.The old man had no child so he suffered a lot from___(lonely).
18.Stop you ___(mean) chatter, boys. You are wasting time.
19.How lucky he was! He won the lottery and now he is a ___(million).
20.They had the ___(fortune) to be hit by a violent storm.
21.He lives in a ___(mountain) district, where traffic is extremely inconvenient.
22.I am so full that I couldn’t ear another ___(mouth).
23.We must pay special attention to the___(mystery) stranger.
24.Try to act___(nature), even if you are tense.
25.Public spending___(necessary) affects the economy.
26.After the race, I felt my heart beating___(violence).
27.The baby was sleeping___(peace).
28.He showed us ___(person) around the factory.
29.It gives me great___(pleasure) to welcome our speaker.
30.___(polite) costs nothing and gains everything.
31.the___(popular) of professional sports has been increasing steadily.
32.You’ll have a ___(profession) photographer with you to take photographs.
33.She has the right___(qualify) for the job.
https://www.360docs.net/doc/d08508281.html,rge___(quantity) of fish have been caught.
35.We shouldn’t have___(race) discrimination.
36.The price of this dress is___(reason). I can’t afford it.
37.Easter is an important___(region) and social festival in Christian countries.
38.it goes without___(say) that the proposal will be accepted.
39.I left eleven years later, with my school leaving certificate, and a ___(scholar) to
study at Oxford.
40.during___(science) experiments, she explains exactly what is happening and as a
result my work is improving.
41.There is no___(similar) between Tom and me.
42.His bad behavior cost his mother many___(sleep) nights.
43.Anger left him___(speech).
44.It was a race against time to stop people dying from___(starve).
45.difficulties___(strong) the mind, as labor does the body.
46.A positive outlook is vital to dealing___(success) with the crisis in adolescence
and old age in our life.
47.It is a colorless, odorless and___(taste) gas, slightly heavier than air.
48.He knew he had behaved badly and he seemed___(true) sorry.
49.This wounded soldier was___(conscious) from his loss of blood.
50.It’s___(believe) that the event repeated itself years later in the same place.
51.Overpopulation is a ___(universe) problem.
52.More and more people choose to shop in a supermarket as it offers a
great___(vary) of goods.
53.the___(arrive) of migrant workers into the capital had seen Beijin g’s population
reach 17.4 million.
54.Besides, many newspapers are printed daily and can offer the readers___(rely)
information.
55.Girls make up only a small___(percent) of students in computer science classes.
56.I live in Hollywood. You may think people in such an___(attract), fun-filled place
are happier than others. Maybe that is because you haven’t noticed the___(happy) they’ve concealed from you.
57.Ma also accepted a pair of pandas from China. In 2006, Taipei Zoo applied to host
the pandas, Tuantuan and Yuanyuan, from the mainland. But the Taiwan government didn’t allow their___(apply).
58.Firstly, it___(able) the Chinese people to know more about the outside world and
promote ___(friend) and mutual understanding.
59.Loss and___(separate) are often what you find behind a child acting out in school.
60.By saving money, people give themselves more___(secure).
61.Star sapphires and other___(value) jewels worth a total of one million dollars are
on show behind glass.
62.If time could be turned back, allow me to take you back to December 26,
2004,___(tradition), it is a time for family gathering, a time for___(celebrate). 63.Because of the___(popular) of TV and computers, they are getting much less
exercise than before.
64.“I would have no___(object),” said the wolf, “if I could only get a place.”
65.Some people have the feeling that nothing can be done about their poor
reading___(able).
66.An ounce of luck is better than a pound of ___(wise).
67.Researchers in Italy examined the tail wagging ___(behave) of 30 dogs, catching
their responses to a range of stimuli with video cameras.
68.Another___(convenience) feature of the EOL is that you’ll be able to pick the
level of detail you want to see to match your interested, age, and knowledge. 69.Health problems are___(close) connected with bad eating habits and a lack of
exercise.
70.You may___(like) some types of food because they do not look, smell or taste
very nice.
71.What is more, it is true that computers can make___(decide), but they need
detailed instructions and programs prepared by humans to operate.
72.Then they chose three Broadway tunes that focused on race,___(equal) and social
justice, the themes of the book.
73.As I lined up for the start I glanced at the flag. It moved ___(gentle) now.
74.Some people have the feeling that nothing can be done about their poor reading
ability. They feel ___(hope) about it.
75.An important new study into teenage attitudes surprisingly shows that their family
life is more___(harmony) than it has ever been in the past.
76.The ___(inform) gained helped up in determining where special attention should
be paid in our course.
77.In the following account, she recalls the job that challenged her___(imagine) and
skill but left her flying high.
78.A thousand words will not leave so deep an___(impress) as one deed.
79.And I included only those books over a hundred pages in___(long).
80.Keep your eyes wide open before___(marry), and half shut afterwards.
81.Reading comprehension can’t be ___(dependent) from the knowledge of writing.
82.___(music) often called him Pops, as a sign of respect for his influence on the
world of music.
83.The northern city of Turin passed a law in April to give pet___(own) fines of up to
$598 if they do not walk their dogs three times a day.
84.So far, scientists have named about 1.8 million living species, and that’s just a
small number of what___(probable) exists on Earth.
85.Men can do nothing without its___(permit), and it fastens its young round
people’s wrists so that everywhere men go they are still under its control.
86.The best___(prepare) for good work tomorrow is to do good work today.
87.He answered me___(rude) and said he would not come back.
88.As his university was aware of the ___(significant) of his work, they gave him
free time to do this research.
89.Cuzco is a lively city where both Indian and___(Spain) culture and are can be
seen.
90.The best time to visit NZ is from November to April---summer time in the
___(south) hemisphere.
91.Jo went to New York and became ___(succeed) in her writing and had the
___(satisfy0 of seeing her work published there.
92.___ (like0 other camp programs that include horses as a small part of their
program, at Shadow Ridge horses are the program!
93.The smell is, as usual, almost___(bear), being a mixture of sweat, seal oil fat, and
dirty underwear.
高中英语构词法讲解
高中英语构词法讲解 一.类别 英语构词法主要有：合成法，转化法，派生法，混成法，截短法和词首字母缩略法。 二.定义与精讲 1.转化法 英语中，有的名词可作动词，有的形容词可作副词或动词，这种把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。 1) 动词转化为名词 ①很多动词可以转化为名词，大多数情况下，意思没有多大的变化，如： Let's go out for a walk.我们到外面去散散步吧。 ②有时意思有一定变化，如： He is a man of strong build.他是一个体格健壮的汉子。 ③有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语，表示一个动作，如： Let's have a swim.咱们游泳吧。 2)名词转化为动词 ①很多表示物件，如 Did you book a seat on the plane? 你订好飞机座位了吗? ②身体部位，如： Please hand me the book.请把那本书递给我。 ③某类人的名词可以用作动词来表示动作，如： She nursed her husband back to health.她看护丈夫，使他恢复了健康。 ④某些抽象名词也可作动词。如： We lunched together.我们在一起吃了午餐。 3)形容词转化为动词 有少数形容词可以转化为动词。如： We will try our best to better our living conditions.我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。 4)副词转化为动词 有少数副词可以转化为动词。例如： Murder will out.(谚语)恶事终必将败露。 5)形容词转化为名词 ①表示颜色的形容词常可转化为名词，如： You should be dressed in black at the funeral.你在葬礼中该穿黑色衣服 ②某些形容词如old, young, poor, rich, wounded, injured等与the连用，表示一类人，作主语时，谓语用复数如下，如： The old in our village are living a happy life.我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。 2.派生法
高一英语能力训练题002
高一英语能力训练题002 I. 单选： 1. The hotline helps to inform the leader____ what has happened each time. A. with B. at C. of D. in 2. They don’t allow ___ in the building, but they allow me __ out of it. A. to smoke; smoking B. smoking; to smoke C. to smoke; to smoke D. smoking; smoking 3. Having lived in Nanjing for forty years, he returned to the small town_ has become a modern one. A. where B. when C. what D. that 4. --Do you feel tired? --No, ________. A. a bit B. a little C. not a bit D. not a little 5. The man ___ I talked yesterday is my English teacher. A. who B. with who C. whom D. with whom 6. --Mary, you must work hard ___ your lessons to achieve high grades. --Dad, please don’t be so hard ___ me. A. at; on B. in;at C. in;on D. on;at 7. This is the most boring text_____. A. which I have ever read B. what I have ever read C. that I have ever read D. I have ever read it 8. He is the only one of the teachers___ Spanish in our school. A. who teach B. that teaches C. which teaches D. that teach 9. --I didn’t go to the airport to meet Dr Liverpool.--But you ____. A. should B. were supposed to C. were supposed D. would 10. The hospital ___ my father works sent 50 good doctors to Chendu on May 13th. A. where B. which C. what D. whom 11. One of the best ways for people to keep fit is to___ healthy eating habits. A. grow B. develop C. increase D. raise 12. Children in the kindergarten require___ ,_____they? A. being taken good care of; don’t B. taking good care of; don’t C. to be taken good care of; do D. to take good care of; do 13. --David has made rapid progress recently. --_____, and______. A. So he has; so you have B. So he has; so have you C. So has he; so have you D. So has he; so you have 14. ___ you’ve got a chance, you might as well make use of it. A. After B. While C. As soon as D. Now that 15. ____ the radio please, I can’t hear clearly. A. Show up B. Take up C. Turn up D. Stay up II：完形填空: Dear Kate, It is very 16__ that you are coming to our school so soon. 17 you arrive, let me introduce 18 you what our school life is like. Our school is quite famous for its long history. It was 19 in the early 1920s. It is a good place 20__we can prepare ourselves well for the future. We have many wonderful teachers who
整理高中英语构词法讲解与练习
高中英语构词法讲解与练习 一.类别 英语构词法主要有：合成法，转化法，派生法，混成法，截短法和词首字母缩略法。 二.定义与精讲 1.转化法 英语中，有的名词可作动词，有的形容词可作副词或动词，这种把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。 1)动词转化为名词 ①很多动词可以转化为名词，大多数情况下，意思没有多大的变化，如： Let's go out for a walk.我们到外面去散散步吧。 ②有时意思有一定变化，如： He is a man of strong build.他是一个体格健壮的汉子。 ③有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语，表示一个动作，如： Let's have a swim.咱们游泳吧。 2)名词转化为动词 ①很多表示物件，如 Did you book a seat on the plane? 你订好飞机座位了吗? ②身体部位，如： Please hand me the book.请把那本书递给我。 ③某类人的名词可以用作动词来表示动作，如： She nursed her husband back to health.她看护丈夫，使他恢复了健康。 ④某些抽象名词也可作动词。如： We lunched together.我们在一起吃了午餐。 3)形容词转化为动词 有少数形容词可以转化为动词。如： We will try our best to better our living conditions.我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。4)副词转化为动词 有少数副词可以转化为动词。例如： Murder will out.(谚语)恶事终必将败露。 5)形容词转化为名词 ①表示颜色的形容词常可转化为名词，如： You should be dressed in black at the funeral.你在葬礼中该穿黑色衣服
高一英语上(Unit4 综合能力训练)
教师辅导讲义
A. skills B. technology C. effects D. techniques 3.There is only one week ________ for them to complete preparations for the award ceremony. A. leaving B. remaining C. to go D. being left 4.The country is under great pressure to_________ its energy-saving goal this year. A. get B. achieve C. reach D. win 5.If you want to win the grand prize, you will have to answer______ q uestions. A. another two B. more two C. two another D. two more than 6. She was so frightened at seeing the snake that she just stood ______, waiting for someone to help her out. A. calm B. still C. quiet D. silent 7. To our great surprise, she _________other contestants and ________the first prize. A. won … won B. beaten… achieved C. defeated … won D. defeated … achieved 8. It is really breathtaking scenery that the waterfall_____ the trees and flowers . A. is covered with B. is surrounded with C. is filled with D. is full of 9. If you want to feel like ________what is happening on the screen, you should go to the Imax Dome Theatre. A. experience B. to experience C. experiencing D. experiences 10. I guarantee that I will arrange __________a car to pick you up when you arrive. A. at B. for C .with D .by 11. I don't like_______ as you read. A. the novels B. the such novels C. such novels D. same novels 12. He talked a lot about things and persons __ they remembered in the school. A. which B. that C. whom D. what 13. The letter is from my sister,______ i s working in Beijing. A. which B. that C. whom D. who 14. In our factory there are 2,000 workers, two thirds of________ a re women. A. them B. which C. whom D. who 15. The supermarket had closed we could get the last-minute food, which added to our misery. A. after B. while C. as D. before 16. Nobody thought that Angela would win the grand prize in the contest, ? A. didn't they B. would she C. did they D. wouldn't she 17. The scenery in Guilin is so fascinating that they decide to stay there for two days. A. other B. more C. another D. the other 18. —Guess what! I have got A for my term paper. —Great! You read widely and put a lot of work into it. A. must B. must have C. can D. can't have 19. On a rainy day I was driving north through Vermont I noticed a young man holding up a sign reading "Boston". A. that B. until C. as D. when 20. True friendship is like health and the value of it is seldom known it is lost. A. until B. unless C. after D. once 21. Though there was a _____ hope, the rescue team still kept on trying. A. faint B. weak C. light D. slight 22．Do you think the newly-released film Lust and Caution is similar_______________ s tyle those previous films directed by Ang Lee? A. in; to B. with; to C. in; with D. to; in
高中英语单词构词法完整版
高中英语单词构词法 郭会清整理编写 1．词干(Stem) acu 尖≈sharp【例词】acute敏锐的,尖锐的;acumem敏锐,聪明;acupuncture针灸 alti 高≈high【例词】altitude高度;altimeter高度计;exalt提高,提升 ambula 行走≈walk【例词】ambulance救护车;ambulant流动的;ambulate行走,移动 ann 年≈year【例词】anniversary周年纪念;annual每年的;annals编年史 anthro 人≈man【例词】anthropoid似人类的,类人猿;anthropology人类学;anthroposociology人类社会学arch 统治≈ruler【例词】monarch君主;anarchism无政府主义;patriarch家长,族长 aster,astr 星≈star【例词】astrology占星术;astronomy天文学;asterisk星号,星标 audi 听≈hearing【例词】audience听众;audible听得见的audiphone助听器 auto 自己≈self【例词】automation自动化;autobiography自传;autosuggestion自我暗示 bio 生命≈life【例词】biology生物学;biography传记;biocide杀虫剂 brevi 缩短≈short【例词】brief简短的;brevity简洁;abbreviate缩写 capit 头,首要≈head【例词】capital首都;decapitate斩首;capitation人头税,按人收费【删除红字】 ced 走,移动≈go, ;【删除;】move【例词】recede后退,引退;unprecedented史无前例的;precede先行,居先cess 走,移动≈go,move【例词】access通路;process进展 chron 时间≈time【例词】chronology年表,年代学;chronic慢性的;synchronal同步的,同时发生的 cide 杀,切≈kill,cut【例词】suicide自杀;insecticide杀虫剂;bactericide杀菌剂 confid 相信≈trust【例词】confidence信心;confident有信心的;confidential秘密的,机密的 cord 同心,和谐≈heart【例词】accordance一致,调和;concord协调,同意;discord不和,不一致 cred 相信≈trust,belief【例词】credit信用,信任;incredible难以置信的;credulous轻信的 cur 跑,动≈run,move【例词】current潮流;excurse远足,旅行;incursion入侵,进入 cycl 圆,轮≈circle,wheel【例词】bicycle自行车;tricycle三轮车;hemicycle半圆的 dic,dict 说≈s ay,speak【例词】indicate指示,暗示;dictate口授；【加】diction措词 domin 统治≈rule,control【例词】dominate主宰;indomitable不屈不挠的 duce,duct 引导,带走≈lead,take【例词】introduce介绍;induce引诱；【加】conduct指导 equ 相同≈same,equal【例词】equality平等;equivalence对应物；【加】equator赤道 faci 容易≈easy【例词】facile易得到的,不花力气的;facilitate使...容易 fact 做≈make,do【例词】manufacture制造;factory工厂;enefactor恩人,施恩者 fer 搬运,带来≈carry,bring【例词】ferry轮渡;transfer搬运,转移;interfere干预 fin 限制≈end,limit【例词】finalize使...了结;infinite无限的;define限定,下定义 flect,flex 弯≈bend【例词】reflect反射,反映;flexible易弯曲的;reflexctor反射镜 flu 流动≈flow【例词】influence影响;fluent流利;fluid流动的,液,流体 form 形状≈shap【例词】reform改革;conform符合 frag 打破≈break【例词】fragile易碎的;fragment碎片;fracture骨折 gen 生产≈produce【例词】generate产生;genetics遗传学;genesis起源,创始 geo 土地,地球≈land,earth【例词】geology地理学;geometry几何学;geocide地球末日 grad 走≈go,step【例词】graduate毕业;gradual逐步的;degrade退化,堕落 graph,gram 写≈write,writing【例词】telegraph电报;program节目,说明书;diagram图表 grate,grati 感谢≈thanks【例词】grateful衷心感谢的;gratitude感谢 grav 重,严肃≈heavy,serious【例词】gravity重力,严重性;grave严重的;gravimeter比重计,测重器
一轮复习高中英语基本构词法及练习题
英语构词法中的派生法 派生法：在词根加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫作派生法。 一、前缀前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性（除少数前缀外）； 后缀一般改变词类，而不引起词义的变化。 (1) 表示否定意义的前缀常用的有： dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mis-, non-, un- 。 disable disadvantage disagree disappear disapprove disclose discolour disconnect discontinuous discontinue discount discourage disorder illegal impossible inaccurate inactive inadaptable inapplicable inconstant inconvenient incredible incurable independent ineffective informal invisible irregular irremovable irrespective irresponsible misfortune misguide midinterpret mislead misread mistrust misunderstand misuse nonmetal noncooperation noninvolvement unable unacceptable unaware unbalance unbreakable uncertain unchangeable uncomfortable undecided unemployed undetermined undeveloped unearth uneconomical unfold unpack untie (2) 表示其他意义的前缀常用的有： a.前缀anti anti-fascist anti-gas anti-imperialist anti-Japanese War b.前缀auto autobiography autography c.前缀bi- bicentury bilingual
第九讲高中英语翻译技巧与能力训练(上)[讲义]
高考英语翻译技巧与能力训练 高考英语中的翻译（中译英）题要求考生能应用所学过的语法和词汇来准确地表达思想，是一种要求相当高的考查形式。要求考生把中文的句子译成通顺的、语法结构正确的、符合英语表达习惯的英语句子，并能准确地传达中文句子中的每一个信息。该题型全面地考查学生英语词汇、语法等知识的综合运用能力，它对学生的动词时态、语态、名词的单复数、冠词、形容词、副词、介词等应用能力，还对学生的词组、句型、句子结构等进行了全面考查。翻译不仅在高考英语主观题中占不小的比例，而且翻译能力还直接影响考生在作文中的表现。 高考评分标准: 1．每题中单词拼写、标点符号、大小写错误每两处扣一分；2．语法错误（包括时态错误）每处扣一分；3．译文没用所给的单词扣一分。 如何才能提高中译英水准，在高考中获得理想的分数呢？考生除了必须具备比较扎实的语言基础外，关键还在于学会总结规律，找准中译英的切入点。 一、分析句子结构、寻找合适的句型 中文必须仔细读，一定要看的就是题目给我们的关键字或关键的词组，也就是我们常说的key words。尤其是最后两句翻译句子，它们大都在句子结构上提高了难度。读什么？读出句子结构：对于简单句，辨别出主谓宾，分清定语、同位语和状语；对于并列句，记住两个语法意义上独立的分句，须由连词连接起来；对于复合句，须区分定语从句，名词性从句以及状语从句。一般来说，中译英的句型可分为三大类：1.简单句；2.并列句；3.复合句；同时我们也要注意非谓语动词及其他一些特殊结构。回顾近几年的高考试题时，也不难发现试题中考了一些特殊句式。如：It句型(近几年考得较为频繁)、倒装句、with结构。 例1: 昨天我的电脑坏了。(wrong) 解析：本题考查：1)简单句There be结构；2)wrong的用法；3)中英文表达的差异。 译句：There was something wrong with my computer yesterday. 例2: 遇到困难的时候，我们需要的不是彼此埋怨，而是互相帮助。(not…but) 解析：本题考查：1)复合句：when引导的状语从句；what引导的主语从句；2)not…but结构；3)“彼此埋怨”的英文翻译。 译句：When(we are)in difficulty/When we meet with difficulties/When we have difficulties ,what we need is not to blame each other but to help each other. 例3：我们能做什么来阻止这种疾病蔓延呢？（prevent） 分析：如果有学生没有读全中文原句的话，就很有可能看成是以前所做的“我们要做些什么来阻止这种疾病的蔓延”，而译为We should do something to prevent the spread of this disease.因为这个原因而造成扣分，就太不应该了。 译句：What can we do to prevent the spread of this disease? 例4：他很有可能通过自己的努力得到驾驶执照。（likely） 译句：He is likely to get the driving license with his own efforts. 分析：有些学生一看到有可能，就会想到自己比较熟悉的possible，想当然地翻译成It is possible that…的结构。其实，学生对likely这个key word的使用也是会的，完全能够使用be likely to do或It’s likely th at…的结构。 例5：上海近几年经历了许多变化，如今已成为世界闻名的经济中心。（go through） 分析：乍一看，学生很容易轻易下笔，Shanghai has gone through…,it has become…，这已成为很多学生的一个习惯，句子和句子中随便用逗号隔开，英语不像中文，必须要考虑到句子的结构，逗号也不能随意使用。而此句中，就要想到用并列句中的连接词and来连接两个成分。
高中英语构词法教案
高中英语构词法 1、合成法 将两个或两个以上的单词合成在一起而构成的新词，叫做合成词。 方式：1. 直接写在一起。 2. 用连字符(-)连接。 3. 由两个分开的词构成。（1）合成形容词 ①名词+现在分词例：English-speaking 讲英语的，south-facing 朝南的 ②名词+过去分词例：man-made 人造的，water-covered 被水覆盖的 ③名词+形容词例：snow-white 雪白的，day-long 整天的 ④形容词+名词+-ed 例：warm-hearted 热情的，kind-hearted 好心肠的 ⑤形容词/副词+现在分词例：good-looking 好看的 funny-looking 滑稽的 ⑥副词+过去分词例：well-known 出名的,deep-set(眼睛）深陷的 ⑦副词/形容词+名词例：right-hand 右手的，full-time 专职的 ⑧数词+名词例：100-meter 100米的，million-pound 百万英镑的 ⑨数词+名词+形容词例：180-foot-high 180英寸高的，10-year-old 10岁的 ⑩数词+名词+-ed 例：four-footed/legged 四脚的，one-eyed 独眼龙的 （2）合成名词 ①名词+名词例：weekend 周末，classroom 教室，bookshop 书店 ②形容词/介词+名词例：gentleman 绅士，loudspeaker 扬声器 ③动词+名词例：typewriter 打字机，cookbook 烹调书 ④名词+动词例：daybreak 破晓，toothpick 牙签 ⑤动词-ing形式+名词例：reading-room 阅览室，sleeping-car 卧车车厢 ⑥副词+动词例：outbreak 爆发，downpour 倾盆大雨 ⑦名词+动名词例：handwriting 笔迹，sun-bathing 日光浴 ⑧名词+in+名词例：mother-in-law 岳母，brother-in-law 姐夫 （3）合成动词 ①副词+动词例：overthrow 推翻，understand 理解 ②形容词+动词例：broadcast 广播，whitewash 粉刷 ③名词+动词例：typewrite 打字，sleepwalk 梦游 （4）合成副词 ①介词+名词例：underfoot 脚下，beforehand 事先
高中英语构词法
一、常见前缀 1. 前缀anti- “反，抗，阻，排斥” anti-bacterial 抗菌的 anti-body 抗体 anti-fascist 反法西斯主义者 anti-gas 防毒气的 anti-imperialist 反帝的 anti-Japanese War 抗日战争 anti-popular 反人民的 anti-virus 抗病毒 2. 前缀auto- “自动的”、“自己的”autoalarm 自动报警器autobiographer 自传 autocoder 自动编码器autography 亲笔签名automatically 自动地 automobile 汽车、机动车 3. 前缀bi- “二” bicentury 两百年的 bicycle 自行车 bilingual 双语的 bi-monthly 双月的 binocular 双目的、双筒的bioxide 二氧化物 4. 前缀co- “共同”、“一起”、coauthor 合著者之一 coheir 共同继承人 co-operation 合作 5.前缀counter- “反”、“逆”counteragent 反作用剂 counter-attack 反击countercharge 反诉、反告countercurrent 逆向电流 counter-revoluntionist 反革命分子countermarch 反向行进countermine 反水雷的水雷counterproposal 反提案 counterspy 反间谍 6.前缀de- (反动作) “离开、否定、减少”decentralize 分散 decentre 使离开中心decompose 分解 decontrol 解除对...的管制decrease 减少 deform 使变形7. 前缀dis- “否定或相反” disable 使无能 disability 无能disadvantage 缺点、弱势disagree 不同意disappear 消失disapprove 不赞同disarrange 使混乱discharge 卸 disclose 揭开 discolour 使褪色disconnect 分离discontinuous 不连续的discontinue 中止 discount 折扣discourage 使泄气 discover 发现diseconomy 不景气disemployed 失业的disengage 解除 disfavour 不喜欢、不赞成disillusion 使幻灭、醒悟disloyal 不忠诚的disobedient 不服从的disorder 混乱disorganize 瓦解 8.前缀en- em- “使…，加强”embitter 使痛苦 enable 使能够 encase 把…装箱enclose 包围 enchain 使…链接encourage 使…有勇气endanger 使…危险enlarge 使…扩大 enrich 使富裕 enrobe 用…包住enslave 使…成为奴隶enthrone 加冕 entrain 登上火车 9. 前缀ex- “前” exceed (免除、离开)超出exception (完全)除外expense 支出 expose (向外;超过) 揭露ex-soldier 退伍军人 10. 前缀for- ，fore- “先，前，预”forehead 前额
高一英语能力训练18
高一英语能力训练18 第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） Several weeks ago, my friend offered to sell some of our things for us. I thought it was a good chance to 41 my 7-year-old son’s room and 42 some toys that were no longer suitable for him to play with. We 43 that all the money we got from selling the toys would be his money. The night before the 44 , we loaded up the truck with toys and a little bike that was too 45 for him. In the yard he 46 the bike for the last time and then happily put it onto the truck. 47 this little bike had at least two previous owners, i t wasn’t in the best 48 and was certainly not new, but the tyres (车胎) were 49 good. We put a price of $10 on it, but it didn’t sell. So, after the sale was 50, my friend put it on the sidewalk with a sign that 51 “ FREE BIKE”. Within five minutes her doorbell rang. A little boy was 52 there. In poor English he asked whether the bike was 53 free. She said yes and that he could have it for 54 . He smiled, got on the bike and rode away. Later that evening when I told my son how much money he had made at the sale, he was very 55 , shouting happily. He asked about a few of his things, wondering 56 they had been sold. When he asked about the bike, I told him about the little boy and that made him 57 . He was much happier than when I told him how much he had 58 . He was so happy to 59 that someone else would make good 60 of that little bike! 41. A. check B. clean C. build D. display 42. A. look for B. go over C. deal with D. show around 43. A. agreed B. refused C. wrote D. lied 44. A. sale B. show C. trip D. decision 45. A. weak B. thin C. new D. small 46. A. watched B. found C. rode D. designed 47. A. So B. And C. But D. As 48. A. shape B. chance C. place D. time 49. A. also B. still C. never D. hardly 50. A. ahead B. on C. over D. near 51. A. repeated B. said C. copied D. expressed 52. A. jumping B. walking C. standing D. shouting 53. A. really B. usually C. barely D. always
高中英语常见构词法单词一览表
附二、英语常见构词法 一、常见前缀 1. 前缀anti- “反，抗，阻，排斥” anti-bacterial 抗菌的 anti-body 抗体 anti-fascist 反法西斯主义者 anti-gas 防毒气的 anti-imperialist 反帝的 anti-Japanese War 抗日战争 anti-popular 反人民的 anti-virus 抗病毒 2. 前缀auto- “自动的”、“自己的”autoalarm 自动报警器autobiographer 自传 autocoder 自动编码器autography 亲笔签名automatically 自动地 automobile 汽车、机动车 3. 前缀bi- “二” bicentury 两百年的 bicycle 自行车 bilingual 双语的 bi-monthly 双月的 binocular 双目的、双筒的bioxide 二氧化物 4. 前缀co- “共同”、“一起”、coauthor 合著者之一 coheir 共同继承人 co-operation 合作 5.前缀counter- “反”、“逆”counteragent 反作用剂 counter-attack 反击countercharge 反诉、反告countercurrent 逆向电流 counter-revoluntionist 反革命分子countermarch 反向行进countermine 反水雷的水雷counterproposal 反提案 counterspy 反间谍 6.前缀de- (反动作) “离开、否定、减少”decentralize 分散 decentre 使离开中心decompose 分解 decontrol 解除对...的管制decrease 减少 deform 使变形 degrade 使降级 depress 压下、降低 desalt 除去...的盐分devalue 降低价值 7. 前缀dis- “否定或相反”disability 无能disadvantage 缺点、弱势disagree 不同意disappear 消失disapprove 不赞同disarrange 使混乱discharge 卸 disclose 揭开 discolour 使褪色disconnect 分离discontinuous 不连续的discontinue 中止 discount 折扣discourage 使泄气 discover 发现diseconomy 不景气disemployed 失业的disengage 解除 disfavour 不喜欢、不赞成disillusion 使幻灭、醒悟disloyal 不忠诚的disobedient 不服从的disorder 混乱disorganize 瓦解 8.前缀en- em- “使…，加强”embitter 使痛苦 enable 使能够 encase 把…装箱enclose 包围 enchain 使…链接encourage 使…有勇气endanger 使…危险enlarge 使…扩大 enrich 使富裕 enrobe 用…包住enslave 使…成为奴隶enthrone 加冕 entrain 登上火车 9. 前缀ex- “前” exceed (免除、离开)超出exception (完全)除外expense 支出 expose (向外;超过) 揭露ex-soldier 退伍军人 10. 前缀for- ，fore- “先，前，预”forehead 前额 foreman 工头、工长forward 向前 11.前缀for- “禁，弃” forbid 禁 forget 忘记 forgive 原谅 12.前缀hexa- “六” hexahedron 六面体 hexagon 六角形、六边形
(完整word版)高中英语构词法精讲与练习
高中英语构词法讲解与练习 一. 类别：英语构词法主要有：合成法，转化法，派生法，混成法，截短法和词首字母缩略法。 二. 定义与精讲 1. 转化法：英语中，有的名词可作动词，有的形容词可作副词或动词，这种把一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变的方法叫作转化法。 （1）动词转化为名词 ①很多动词可以转化为名词，大多数情况下，意思没有多大的变化，Let's go out for a walk. ②有时意思有一定变化，如：He is a man of strong build. ③有的与一个动词和不定冠词构成短语，表示一个动作，Let's have a swim. （2）名词转化为动词 ①很多表示物件，Did you book a seat on the plane? 你订好飞机座位了吗? ②身体部位，Please hand me the book.请把那本书递给我。 ③某类人的名词可以用作动词来表示动作，She nursed her husband back to health. ④某些抽象名词也可作动词。We lunched together.我们在一起吃了午餐。 3)形容词转化为动词：有少数形容词可以转化为动词。We will try our best to better our living conditions. 4)副词转化为动词：有少数副词可以转化为动词。Murder will out.(谚语)恶事终必将败露。 5)形容词转化为名词 ①表示颜色的形容词常可转化为名词，You should be dressed in black at the funeral. ②某些形容词如old, young, poor, rich, wounded, injured等与the连用，表示一类人，作主语时，谓语用复数如下：The old in our village are living a happy life. 2.派生法：在词根前面加前缀或在词根后面加后缀构成一个与原单词意义相近或截然相反的新词叫作派生法。 1）前缀：除少数前缀外，前缀一般改变单词的意义，不改变词性；后缀一般改变词类，而不引起词义的变化。 （1）表示否定意义的前缀常用的有dis-, il-, im-, in-, ir-, mis-, non-, un-等，在单词的前面加这类前缀常构成与该词意义相反的新词。例如： appear出现→disappear消失correct正确的→incorrect不正确的 lead带领→mislead领错stop停下→non-stop不停 （2）表示其他意义的前缀常用的有a-(多构成表语形容词), anti- (反对；抵抗), auto- (自动), co- (共同), en- (使), inter- (互相), re- (再；又), sub- (下面的；次；小), tele- (强调距离)等。例如： alone单独的antigas防毒气的autochart自动图表 cooperate合作enjoy使高兴internet互联网reuse再用 subway地铁telephone电话 2）后缀：英语单词不仅可以通过加前缀构成新词，也可加后缀构成新词。后缀通常会改变单词的词性，构成意义相近的其他词性；少数后缀还会改变词义，变为与原来词义相反的新词。 （1）构成名词的后缀常用的有-ence，-(e)r/ -or (从事某事的人),-ese (某地人)，-ess (雌性)，-ful (一……)，-ian (精通……的人)，-ist (专业人员)，-ment (性质；状态)，-ness (性质；状态)，-tion(动作；过程)等。 differ不同于→difference区别write写→writer作家 Japan日本→Japanese日本人act表演→actress女演员 mouth口→mouthful一口music音乐→musician音乐家 （2）构成动词的后缀常用的有-(e)n (多用于形容词之后)，-fy (使……化)，-ize (使……成为)。例如：wide→widen加宽beauty→beautify美化pure→purify提纯 real→realize意识到organ→organize组织 （3）构成形容词的后缀常用的有-al， -able (有能力的)，-(a)n(某国人的)，-en (多用于表示材料的名词后)，-ern (方向的)，-ese(某国人的)，-ful，-(ic)al，-ish，-ive，-less (表示否定)，-like (像……的)，-ly，-ous，-some，-y (表示天气)等。例如：nature自然→natura l自然的reason道理→reasonable有道理的 America美国→American美国的China中国→Chinese中国人的 gold金子→golden金的east东→eastern东方的 child孩子→childish孩子气的snow雪→snowy雪的