历年河北中考英语试题及考点分析总结

河北中考英语专题总结

专题一 名词

名词时表示人、事物、地点、或抽象概念的名称的词，它是中考考察的高频词汇之一，通常

占考试题的百分之时左右。考察名词的题型有很多，有单项填空、完成句子、句型转换、用

所给的单词的适当形式填空等。中考试题对名词的考察涉及名词数的变化，特别是名词复数

的不规则变化；对可数名词和不可数名词的区分，专有名词的做法以及近义词辨析等。词意

理解、不可数名词的数量表示法、名词所有格、名词作定语也是考察的热点。

一、名词的分类 （1）可数名词有单、复数两种形式，而不可数名词只有单数形式。

pen →pens 钢笔 bread 面包

（2）不定冠词、基数词可直接修饰可数名词，表示数量；而不可数名词在表示数量时则用

“不定冠词/基数词＋单位名词＋of ＋不可数名词”。

an apple ,two pictures, a piece of bread , four glasses of water

(3) 可数名词复数前可用many , few, a few ,several 等修饰；不可数名词前可用much ,little ,a

little 等修饰。Some 和any 既可以修饰可数名词，也可以修饰不可数名词。

提示

有些名词既是可数名词，又是不可数名词，但意义有所不同。work(工作)→a work(一本著

作) glass(玻璃)→a glass(一个玻璃杯) paper(纸)→a paper (一张证件/试卷) tea(茶)→a

tea(一种茶)(表示种类) wood(木头)→a wood(一片小树林) room(空间，余地)→a

room(一个房间)

三、名词的复数形式

（1）可数名词的规则变化

1)一般加s

2）s; sh; ch; x 结尾加 es 读 [iz]

3) ce; se; ze; (d)ge 结尾加 s

eg. box es [b ks iz ] blous es [blauz iz ]

类别

意义 例词 专有名词

表示特定的人或事物的词 Kate 凯特 Beijing 北京 普通名词 可数名词 个体名词

表示个体人或事物的词 Apple 苹果 Desk 桌子 集体名词

表示一群人或事物的词 Family 家庭 Group 团，群 不可数名词 抽象名词 表示行为、品质、感情或状态灯抽象概念的词 Happiness 幸福

Knowledge 知

识

物质名词

表示构成各种物

体的物质或材料

的词 Water 水 Milk 牛奶

4)f (fe) 结尾则变f(fe)为v加es---读[vz]

eg. kniv es [na ivz]

5) “辅+y”结尾变y为i加es 清就清[s]

浊就浊[z]

eg. book s[buk s] pen s[pen z] babi es[beibi z]

（2）可数名词的不规则变化

man—men ; woman—women ;child—children

policeman—policemen

Englishman—Englishmen

Frenchman—Frenchmen

foot—feet ; tooth—teeth mouse(鼠)—mice

但注意以下几点：

①potato—potatoes ; tomato—tomatoes

②单复同形: fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ; Japanese

③由man , woman在词首构成的复合名词应将两部分都变成复数

man doctor — men doctors

④reef—reefs

⑤“某国人”的复数：中日不变英法变，其余s加后面. eg. German—Germans

⑥people , police 常用单数形式表示复数概念The police are looking for the missing boy.

3、名词所有格：名词’s (意思是“……的”)

A.有生命的名词所有格，一般在后加“’s”但注意：

1)表两者共有则在后者加“’s”

Lucy and Lily’s father 露西和莉莉的父亲

Lucy’s and Lily’s fathers露西的父亲和莉莉的父亲.

2)以s结尾的词只加“’ ”

eg. 1) the boys’ books 2) James’ father

3)无生命的名词所有格用of来引导

eg. the leg of the desk

4)双重所有格：a friend of my father’s

a friend of mine ( √) a friend of my( × )

1. ( 2007 河北29）__room is big and bright. They like it very much.

A. Tom and Sam

B. Tom's and Sam

C. Tom and Sam's

D. Tom's and Sam's

2. ( 2006 河北27）-Would you like some drinks ,boys?

--Yes,_________, please.

A. some oranges

B. two boxes of chocolates

C. some cakes

D. two bottles of orange

3. ( 2005 河北36）"It's over ________from Shijiazhuang to Beijing.

A. three hours' drive

B. three hour's drive

C. three hours' drives

D. three hours drive

4. (2004 河北37 ) This is _______ bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much.

A. Anne and Jane

B. Anne's and Jane's

C. Anne's and Jane

D. Anne and Jane's

5. (2003 河北) The doctor worked for __after twelve o'clock.

A. two more hours

B. two another hour

C. more two hours

D. another two hour

6.（2008河北24）. Can you imagine what life will be like in ____ time?

A. 20 years’

B. 20 year’s

C. 20-years’

D. 20-years

A. Class Third

B. Class three

C. third Class

D. Class Three

C. IA Ming, babies

D. Li Ming's, babies'

7.（2010 河北28）I don’t think looking after children is just ____work.

A woman

B woman’s

C women

D women’s

8. (2011 河北30 ) 30. Cici enjoys dancing. It’s one of her.

A. prize

B. prizes

C. hobby

D. hobbies

9 （2009 河北83）Computer is one of the greatest ___________________ (发明). I can’t imagine life without it.

10 （2011 河北82）They have invited a (science) to give them a speech on space.

11 （2010 河北82）We need eleven _______(play) for our soccer team.

专题二代词

代词是代替名词的词，种类多，用途广，中考试题中出现的频率很高，涉及各个题型，约占中考试题的10％左右，出现较多的不定代词的用法及代词作主语时和谓语动词一致的用法、人称代词主格与宾格的用法区别、形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的用法区别等。（一）指示代词：this , that , these , those. this , that一般与可数名词的单数连用，而不与不可数名词连用（但that可单独指代不可数名词）。

that apple ( √) that meat ( ×)

The weather in Sichuan is not so hot as ______ in Guangzhou. [that]

①this(复数形式是these)，是指时间或空间上离说话的人较近的人或物。That(复数形式是those)，是指时间或空间上离说话的人较远的人或物。

②that/those 有时用来代替前面说过的名词，以避免重复。

(二)人称代词、物主代词和反身代词

人称单数复数

主格宾格主格宾格

第一人称I me we us

第二人称you you you you

第三人称he him they them

She her

it it

①主格人称在句子中的用法

I like music.

②宾格人称代词在句子中作动词的宾语或介词的宾语。

We often go to see her on Saturdays.

③ 人称代词作表语时一般用宾格，但在比较正式的场合用主格。

---Who is it?

---It ’s me.（非正式） 指点迷津

one 和it 都可以用来代替前面提到的名词，其区别如下：

（1） One 指不特定的事物，而It 指特定的事物。

Jim lost his pen ,but he has bought a new one.(one 在这里指另外一支，而不是丢失那支)

I ’m looking for my pen , but I can’t find it.(it 只丢失的那支笔)

（2） one 和ones 可与the ,this /these ,that /those ,which 等词连用，而it 不可以。

（3） one 可与形容词连用，而it 不可以。

（4） one 只能代替可数名词单数，而it 可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词。

词义

类型

我的 你的 他（她、它）的 我们的 你们的 他（她、它）们的 形容词性

物主代词

my your his ,her ,its our your their 名词性物

主代词 mine yours his ,hers ,its ours

yours theirs

一变(my —mine); 二留(his —his its —its)

三加s(your —yours ; our —ours ; her —hers ; their —theirs)

物主代词的用法：

（1） 形容词性物主代词具有形容词的特征，在句子中作定语，后面接名词。

（2） 名词性物主代词具有名词的特征，在句子中可以做主语、表语或宾语。

eg. This is _____（我的）book. This book is ______（我的）. [ my ; mine]

反身代词的用法：

（1） 做及物动词或介词的宾语

Did they enjoy themselves last Sunday?

(2)作主语或宾语的同位语

在做同位语时，反身代词可多翻译为“本人”或“本身”。但有时为了加强语气，常译为“自

己”或“亲自”。起强调作用时，反身代词可以放在被强调词之后，也可以放在句末。

He learned by himself.

（3）反身代词的常见搭配：

enjoy oneself 玩得高兴；过得愉快

hurt oneself 伤着自己

单数 复数

yourself yourselves

myself ourselves

himself

themselves

herself itself

teach oneself = learn… by oneself自学

(all) by oneself （完全）独立地

help oneself to 请自便；随便吃…

look after oneself 自理；照顾自己

leave one by oneself 把…单独留下

lose oneself in 陶醉于…；沉浸于…

（五）不定代词

不明确指代个人或事物、某些人或事物的代词叫不定代词。不定代词主要有all ,each ,every ,both ,neither ,one ,little ,few ,many ,much ,other ,another ,some ,any ,no ,还有由some ,any ,no 和every构成的复合代词。

不定式在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语等。

1)some与any

一般情况下，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句、疑问句（但表邀请、建议的问句中可用some—此类句型常以could , would开头）

2) many + 可数= a lot of : 许多

much + 不可数

（但a lot of不能用于否定句）

3) few , a few ; little , a little

①.The story is easy to read. There are ____new words in it. [few]

②.Hurry up! There is_____ time left. [little]

4) everyone / anyone 不加of

no one 不加of

none of

( )____ of us wants to read the book. [B]

A. Everyone

B. Every one

C. Nobody

D. No one

单数复数

泛指

another

三者以上的另一个

定语主语、宾语

other some…others

特指one…the other

一个…另一个

the others =the other+

复名(另外的人或物)

①.We study _____ subjects besides Chinese.

②.May I have ___________ apple ?

③.These cups are clean. ________ are dirty.

④.I have two pens. One is red , ________ is blue. [ other ; another ; others ; the others] 另外注意：one another (三者以上的)相互

each other (两者的)相互

We should learn from each other(说明we指两个人)

They help one another (说明they指三个人以上)

复数单数单数

二者both(都) neither(都不) either(任何一个)

三者all(都) none(都不) any(任何一个)

①.both 否定neither all 否定none

②.both , all 不但作主语为复数，且被修饰的词也为复数；neither , none作主语为单数，但none of + 复名，neither of + 复名

( )1.____ of my parents is a teacher. [B]

A. None

B. Neither

C. Both

D. All

( )2.There are many trees on ____ side of the river. [C]

A. both

B. any

C. either

D. all

every one / any one of

7) each: (二者以上的)每个——作主、宾、定）

every: (三者以上的)每个——只作定语）

①.____ student in the class likes English.

②.___ of the students studied hard.

[Every ; Each]

1.（2008河北）. I tried several jackets on, but ____ of them looked good.

A. both

B. either

C. none

D. neither

2. （2008河北）Look at the photo. The girl beside_____ is Nancy.

A. I

B. my

C. me

D. mine

3.. (2007 河北, 28) My aunt has two children. But ______ of them lives with her.

A. each B, neither C. either D. both

4, ( 2006 河北, 29 ) On _____ sides of the street are a lot of colourful flowers.

A. each

B. both C, either D. all

5. (2005 河北, 40) We've got two TV sets, but ______works well.

A. any

B. both

C. either

D. neither

6. (2004 河北, 40 )--Do you prefer milk or orange juice?

--I don't like ______. I usually drink coffee.

A. other

B. another

C. neither

D. either

7. (2003 河北, 20)--Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food.

--Never mind. You can have _______.

A. us

B. ours

C. you

D. yours

8.(2003 河北, 17) --Which sweater do you prefer, the yellow one or the pink one?

--________. I like a light blue one.

A. Either

B. Both

C. Any

D. Neither

9（2009 河北28）. Is there any difference between your idea and _____?

A. he

B. his

C. she

D. her

10 （2009 河北31）Sam looks like his Dad. They are _____ tall.

A. either

B. any

C. all

D. both

11 （2010 河北32）Emma ,can you introduce _____to Alice ? I want to meet her.

A him

B his

C me

D my

12 (2011 河北27) Geor ge reads the newspaper every morning. That’s habit.

A. he

B. him

C. his

D. himself

13 （2011 河北81）Betty is a good friend of m .We often help each other.

专题三数词

数词分为基数词和序数词。英语中数词分为基数词和序数词，基数词在句子中可做定语、表语、宾语、主语以及同位语，序数词主要作定语。数词在中考中约占5％，考察的题型主要有单项填空、完形填空、阅读理解、句型转换等，听力测试也占较大的比例。在中考对数词的考察主要集中在数次的用法、基数词与序数词之间的转化、分数表达法、不确切数量词之间的关系以及在句子中与名词的搭配等方面。

1.基数词

用于表示事物数目的词称为基数词。

(1000以内的基数词的读法)

365—three hundred and sixty-five

505—five hundred and five

2.基数词变序数词的方法：

基变序，有规律；词尾要加th。

一二三，特殊记；词尾分别tdd。

八去t ，九去e；ve则以f替。

ty 则变作ti ; 后面还有一个e。

要是遇到几十几；只将个位变成序。

eg. one—first two—second three—third

eight—eighth nine—ninth twelve—twelfth

twenty—twentieth

twenty-one –-twenty-first

3.数词的应用：

A、时刻表达法：

a.整点：基数词+ o’clock

eg. It’s eight o’clock now.

b.几点几分：

1．直接表达法：先小时后分

eg. 3:25 three twenty-five

2.间接表达法：先分后小时

1)(<30分钟)用past ：分钟past 小时

eg. 3:25 twenty-five (minutes) past three

2) (>30分钟)用to：(60-分钟数) to (小时数+1)

eg. 3:35 twenty-five (minutes) to four

3) 30分钟= half 15分钟= a quarter

eg. 3:30 three thirty = half past three

3:15 three fifteen = a quarter past three.

3:45 three forty-five = a quarter to four

B、日期表达法：月日，年（或日月年）

1949年10月1日:

October1st , nineteen forty-nine

=the first of October, nineteen forty-nine

2000年: the year two thousand

=twenty hundred

2001年: twenty o one

3月1日: March the first = the first of March

C、表编号：

第207房间：Room 207

第五课：Lesson 5 = the fifth lesson

D、序数词：表示事物顺序的词称为序数词

序数词与不定冠词(a; an)连用表“又一；再一”

eg. You’ve done it three times. Why not try a fourth time?

E、分数的表达：分子（基数）、分母（序数）

eg. one third 三分之一two thirds 三分之二

注意：1.分子超过1时，分母加s

2.含分数的短语作主语由分数后的词决定谓语

eg.1)One third of the students are girls.

2)One third of the milk is mine.

3.分数的特殊形式

1)one third = a third

2)one fourth = a quarter

three fourths = three quarters

3)one second = a half

F、数词的复数形式

（1）表示年龄，意思是“几十岁”。如“三十多岁”为thirties ,表示从30岁到39岁；“十几岁”是teens 。

（2）表示年代，如“20世纪80年代”写成1980s ,读作“nineteen eighties”

（3）表示约数、不确定的数目。

hundreds of ; thousands of ; millions of

（4）用于表分数。当分数的分子大于1时，分母的序数词用复数。

（5）当基数词用作名词或在一些固定词组中时，也用复数。

1. (2005年河北, 46) This is a big class, and ____ of the students are girls.

A. two third

B. second three

C. two-third

D. two three

2. (2004 河北, 36) Nine _____ pounds a week? That’s very good.

A. hundred of

B. hundreds of

C. hundreds

D. hundred

3. (2003 河北) The doctor worked for ____ after twelve o’clock.

A. two more hours

B. two another hour

C. more two hours

D. another two hour

4.Please write down the new words in the text of _______.

A. Lesson Eleven

B. the Lesson Eleven

C. Lesson Eleventh

5 （2009 河北81）This is our _____________________ (三) time to plant trees.

6 （2009 河北85）Mr. Smith gave us _____________________ (一条) advice on how to keep

healthy

7 （2010 河北81）It’s a good habbit to brush teeth t_____ a day.

专题四介词

介词是英语中最常用的词性之一。介词除了本身具有一定的含义之外，他们还常常和名词搭配在一起，表示许多不同的意思。介词是中考热点，约占7％，几乎在各种题型中都会体现，考察的主要是常用介词的用法、由介词构成的短语词组及其用法等。

1.in; on; at用在时间词前，表“在”

1)at + 具体时刻

2)on + 具体某天（具体某天的上、下午等；星期词；以及上、下午词前有修饰词时）

3)in + 年、月、季节及一天中的某部分

但注意：at night= in the night at noon

at this / that time at Christmas

eg. 1.___ the morning 2.___ Monday morning

3. ___ a rainy evening

4. ___3:50

5.__ 2002

6.___ the morning of April 10

7.___ spring

8.___ night 9.___ this time 10. ___ March

另外注意：在时间词（morning , afternoon , evening ; Sunday…）前有last, next , this , that时，不再用介词. tomorrow, tonight前也不用介词。

eg. I will go(A) to the cinema(B) in(C) this evening. ______________

2. in , on , at 表地点：

at一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某个范围之内；on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。例如：

eg. 1)He arrived ___Shanghai yesterday.

2)They arrived ___a small village before dark.

3)There is a big hole ____ the wall.

4)The teacher put up a picture ____ the wall.

3.in , on , to表方位

in(范围内)；on(范围外且接壤)；to(范围外但不接壤)。可表示为下图的位置关系

eg.1)Taiwan is in the southeast of China.

2)Hubei is on the north of Hunan.

3)Japan is to the east of China.

cross: 动词“跨过，越过”=go across

4. across: （表面）跨过

through: （内部）穿过，贯穿介词

eg. 1)Can you swim _____ the river?

2)The road runs __________ the forest.

3) _____ the bridge, you’ll find a cinema.

5. in + 时间段：与将来时连用

after + 时间段：与过去时连用

但after + 时间点：可与将来时连用。

1) I’ll leave _______ three o’clock.. That is, I’ll leave ________ about ten minutes.

2)They left _______ two weeks.

6. in the tree(外加在树上的事物)

on the tree(树上自身具有的花、果、叶等)

in the wall(镶嵌在墙内部的事物)

7. on the wall(墙表面的事物)

1) There is a map ___ the wall

2) There are four windows ___ the wall.

8.by bike / bus / car / ship (单数且无冠词)

但当这些交通工具名词前有其它修饰词时，则应使用相应的介词。

eg. by bike = on a(the; his) bike

by car = in a(the ; her) car

on: 在…（表面）上——接触

9. over: 在…的正上方

above: 在…的斜上方未接触

1) The moon rose ______ the hill.

2) There is a bridge _____ the river.

3) There is a book ______ the desk.

10. between: 在（两者）之间

among :在（三者以上）之间

1)A big crowd of people were waiting for Li Lida on the beach. ________ them were his parents.

2)Tom sits ________Lucy and Lily.

11.on与about : 关于

on用于较正式的演讲、学术、书籍等

about用于非正式的谈话或随便提及

eg. He gave a talk ____ the history of the Party

12. in front of :在…前面/方（范围外）= before

in / at the front of:在……前部（范围内）

1)There is a big tree _______ of the classroom.

2)A driver drives _________ of the bus.

类似区别：at the back of与behind

13.with和in: 表示“用“

with: 指“用工具、手、口等”

in: 指“用语言、话语、声音等”

1) Please write the letter ____ a pen.

2) Please speak ____ a loud voice.

14. on a farm ; in a factory ; the girl in the hat ; leave for: 动身前往某地

15.表示“除了……以外”的besides ,but ,except 和except for

(1) beside 作“除了……以外，还有……”讲，强调部分包括在整体之内。

（2）but 作“除了……以外”讲，相当于except ,but 常与否定代词nothing ,nobody 及部分形容词的最高级连用，后接名词、代词和不定式。

注：but 后接不定式时，何时带to 要依据前面的动词是否有do而定，即：有do不带to，无do要带to 。

（3）except作“除了……以外”讲，强调从整体中排除一部分，对主语的内容起到修正作

用。

16.一些固定搭配：

（1）介词与动词的搭配

listen to , laugh at, get to, look for;

wait for, hear from, turn on, turn off, worry about, think of, look after, spend…on…, 等。（2）介词与名词的搭配

on time, in time, by bus, on foot,

with pleasure, on one’s way to, in trouble,

at breakfast, at the end of, in the end等。

（3）介词与形容词的搭配

be late for, be afraid of, be good at,

be interested in, be angry with,

be full of, be sorry for等。

1.(2007 河北, 27 ) Can you find New York ______ this map of America?

A. in

B. at

C. of

D. on

2. ( 2006 河北, 28 ) Yao Ming is a great basketball player. We are proud ____ him.

A. of

B. to

C. for

D. at

3. (2005 河北, 38 ) It's not always necessary to look up the words_____ the dictionary while reading. Sometimes we need to guess.

A. on

B. in

C. at

D. from

4. (2004 河北, 44 ) Congratulations, John! I'm really happy __ you.

A. in

B. on

C. for

D. to

5. (2003 , 河北, 21 ) --How are you going to the train station to meet your aunt?

--I'm going there ______ my car.

A. by

B. in

C. to

D. on

6.I’ll go to America _______Friday moring.

A. in

B. on

C. at

D.for

7（2008河北23）.You must ride your bike ____ the right side of the road?

A. at

B. on

C. in

D. for

8 （2009 河北27）Let’s play table tennis _____ Tuesday morning, shall we?

A. on

B. in

C. to

D. at

9 （2010 河北27）Sally is very happy .There is a big smile ____ her face.

A on

B to

C in

D at

10 (2011 河北29) This school is different others. It has many out- of-class activities.

A. off

B. from

C. of

D. for

专题五连词

连词主要分成两类：并列连词和从属连词。连词主要用来连接单词和单词、短语与短语以及句子和句子。中考中涉及连词较多，尤其是状语从句中的从属连词成为近几年中考的热点和重点。连词在中考题中占8％，主要考查的有单项填空、句型转换以及完形填空等。考察的内容主要是连词的用法。

从属连词和并列连词

（一）从属连词：用于连接各种从句的连词

（1）引导名词性从句的连词

That （没有词义，只是引导作用）；if/whether 是否；wh-特殊疑问句。

（2）引导状语从句的连词：

When “当……的时候”；while “当……时”；as“当……时，由于，尽管，像……那样”；since “自从……以来，由于”；before “在……以前”；after “在……以后”；once “一旦”，as soon as …“一……就……”until “直到”；because“因为”；although/though“虽然”；if“如果”；unless“除非”；whether…or…“无论……还是……”；so that “以便，为了”；in order that “以便，为了”；so…that…“如此……以至于”；as if“好像”；than“比……

不能同时出现在一个句子里的连词

①because(因为)和so(所以)不能同时出现在一个句子里，只能用其中之一，汉语翻译仍然

是因为，所以。

②though(although)和but 不能同时出现在一个句子里，只能用其一，汉语翻译时仍然是虽

然，但是。但though(although) 可以和yet 同时出现在一个句子里，这里的yet 是副词，不是连词。

（二）并列连词：

并列连词用来连接具有并列关系的词，短语或句子。常见的并列连词有：

1.表并列关系的and, both…and, not only…but also, neither…nor等。

2. 表选择关系的or, either…or等。

3. 表转折关系的but, while（然而）等。

4. 表因果关系的for, so等。

5. “和”在肯定句中表并列

or: “和”在否定句中表并列

另外：1)or “或者”用于选择疑问句

2)or “否则”

eg. ①.Which do you like better, tea or milk?

②.Hurry up, or you’ll be late for school.

6.but “但是”表转折

eg. I listened, but I heard nothing.

注意：1)though(虽然), but(但是)不能连用

2)not … but 不是…而是

eg. This book isn’t mine but yours.

both… and :既…又（连接主语为复数）

neither…nor: 既不…也不连接两主

7. either…or: 或者…或者语后者决

not only … but also:不但…而且定单、复

eg.1)Both he and I are students.

2)Neither he nor I am a student.

1. (2007 河北, 30)I didn't know he came back_____ I met him in the street.

A. since

B. when

C. until

D. after

2. (2006 河北,30) He missed the train this morning __ he got up late.

A. or

B. if

C. but

D. because

3. (2005河北, 48)I tried to call you I heard from him, but you were not in.

A. since

B. while

C. until

D. as soon as

4. (2004河北, 38 )We'll go to visit Tian'anmen Square it doesn't rain tomorrow.

A. ff

B. as soon as

C. when

D. since

5. (2003河北, 7) Mr. Brown knows little Japanese, ____ he can't understand the instructions on the bottle of the pills.

A. so

B. or

C. but

D. for

6.（2008河北30）.Susan will not arrive at the airport on time ___ she hurries up.

A. once

B. if

C. when

D. unless

7（2009 河北43）_____ they may not succeed, they will try their best.

A. Though

B. When

C. Because

D. Unless

8 （2010 河北30）Jenny , put on your coat ______you will catch a cold.

A but

B and

C or

D so

9 （2011 河北33）Tony is a quiet student, he is active in class.

A. so

B. and

C. but

D. or

10 （2011 河北41）They will lose the game they try their best .

A. unless

B. once

C. since

D. after

11 （2010 河北42）Peter likes reading a newspaper ______ he is having breakfast.

A until

B while

C because

D though

专题六形容词

形容词是用来修饰名词或代词，说明事物或人的性质或特征的词。近几年中考中加强了对形容词的考察。形容词在中考中常出现以下题型：用所给单词的适当形式填空、单项选择、句型转换、完成句子和完形填空等。考查内容的形式主要有形容词的比较级和最高级、形容词修饰不定代词的位置、形容词作系动词的表语的用法等。

1 形容词在句子中的作用

形容词在句子中可以作表语、定语或宾语补足语等。

（1）形容词在句中作定语，位于名词的前面。

（2）形容词在句中作表语，放在系动词之后。

（3）形容词在句子中作宾语补足语，放在宾语的后面。

（4）两个形容词用and连起来放在句末可以作状语或补语。

1 形容词在名词短语中作定语时通常置于

This is an interesting book.

它所修饰的名词之前

2 修饰some, any ,every ,no 和

Something important

body ,thing ,one 等构成的复合不定代词

时须后置。

He is the only man awake at that time.

3 表语形容词，如alive ,awake,asleep 等作

定语须后置。

4 和表示长、宽、高、厚等的形容词与数

The bridge is 150 meters long.

词连用作定语须后置。

5 用and 或or 连接的的两个形容词作定语

A huge room simple and beautiful

时须后置。

6 形容词短语一般后置 A man difficult to get on

限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老。

颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠。

性形容词有：beautiful ,cold ,bad ,great等。“大长高”是表示大小、长短、高低等的一些词；表示形状的词有：round ,square 等；“国籍”是指一个国家或地区的词；表示“材料”的次有：wooden ,woolen ,stone ,silk 等；表示“作用类别”的词有：medical,college等。

1 (2008河北) 1..The air in the countryside is ___. So many people from the city go there on weekends.

A. soft

B. pretty

C. fresh

D. delicious

2 (2009 河北82) I’m not really _____________________ (饥饿). I’ll just have an ice cream.

3 （2010 河北83）What a ______(sun) day it is today ! Let’ go to the park .

专题七副词

副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，作状语，表示时间、场所、状态、程度。它也是英语中的重要词汇之一，它与形容词关系密切，不少副词是由形容词转化派生出来的。副词在中考中也是热点词汇之一。考察副词的主要题型有：单项填空、句型转换、用所给词的适当形式填空等。考察的内容主要有副词的用法、频度副词、副词的比较级和最高级以及部分特殊的副词句型等。

一、副词的分类

副词按词汇意义可分为：

方式副词：well，fast，slowly，carefully，quickly程度副词：very，much，enough，almost，rather，quite

地点副词：here，there，out，somewhere，abroad，home时间副词：today，early，soon，now，then，recently，still

频度副词：always，often，usually，sometimes，seldom，never否定副词：no，not，neither，nor

疑问副词：where，how，why 其他：also，too，only

二、副词的基本用法：

1).副词是用来修饰形容词、其他副词,一般放在被修饰词之前.He plays the piano very well .

2). 副词是用来修饰动词,常放在动词之后.He got up quickly

3).enough 修饰adj /adv 时,放在其后.He is old enough to go to school .

三、常见副词用法辨析

1.already与yet的区别already用于肯定句句中，表示“已经”；yet用于否定句句末，表示“还”，用于疑问句句末，表示“已经”He had_____left when I called. Have you found your ruler______？

2 very，much和very much.的区别

very用于修饰形容词或副词的原级；much用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级；修饰动词要用very much.

John is ____ honest. This garden is_____ bigger than that one. Thank you

_____.

3.so与such的区别

⑴so修饰形容词或副词；such 修饰名词，My brotherruns so fast that I can’t follow him. He is such a boy.

⑵so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词

He is ___ clever a boy.=He is ____ a clever boy. It is____cold weather. They are _____good students.

⑶名词前有many ,much, few ,little (少量的) 用so 不用such .(多多少少仍用so)但little 表示“小的”用such.

There are ___ little sheep on the hill .

4.also，too，as well与either 的区别

also，as well，too，用于肯定句，also常用于be动词，情态动词，助动词之后，行为动词之前；as well，too用于句末；either用于否定句中，置于句末。

例如，My father is a teacher. My mother is ____a teacher. =My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher ______.

=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher，_____. I can’t speak French……Jenny can’t speak French，_____.

5.sometime，sometimes，some time与some times的区别

sometime：表示将来的或过去的某一个不确定的时间。sometimes：有时，不时的= at times some time：一段时间some times：几次，几倍

We’ll have a test ______next month._____ we are busy and sometimes we are not.

He stayed in Beijing for _____ last year.I have been to Beijing ______.

6.ago与before的区别

ago表示以现在为起点的“以前”，常与一般过去时连用，不可以单独使用。

before指过去或将来的某时刻“以前”，也可泛指以前，常和完成时连用，可以单独使用。

I saw him ten minutes _______. He told me that he had seen the film______.

7.now，just与just now的区别

now：与一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时连用，意为“现在”

just：与现在完成时连用，表示“刚……”just now：和过去时连用，表示“刚才”

Where does he live______？We have _______ seen the film. He was here______.

8.lonely / alone 的区别

1).alone 独自一人/没有同伴, 既可作adj 也可作adv.

2).lonely 表示孤独,寂寞, 也可修饰地点,表示荒凉,偏僻的，常与feel 连用。

3).alone 只作表语(以a开头的形容词一般只作表语,不作定语)而lonely 既可作表语,也可作定语)

He lives _____ on a _____ island . He is _____ ,but he doesn’t feel ______.

9.fast /quickly /soon 的区别.

fast 表示速度之快quickly表示动作之快soon表示时间之快

I’m leaving home this afternoon . Really ? Why so ______? A.fast B.soon C.quickly D.early

1. (2007河北,36) --Peter, _____do you visit your grandparents? --Twice a month.

A. how long

B. how soon

C. how far

D. how often

2. (2005河北,37 ) Write ______ and try not to make any mistakes.

A. as careful as possible

B. as carefully as you can

C. most careful

D. more careful

3. (2004河北,48) Bob never does his homework _____ Mary. He makes lots of mistakes.

A. so careful as

B. as carefully as

C. carefully as

D. as careful as

4. (2004河北,46) --____ will it take us to get there by bus?

--About two hours.

A. How soon

B. How often

C. How long

D. How quick

5.（2008河北31）. David jumped ____ in the long jump. He won the game!

A. longest

B. farthest

C. fastest

D. highest

6（2009 河北32）—_____ can you be ready, Andy?

—In ten minutes.

A. How much

B. How often

C. How long

D. How soon

7 （2009 河北35）. She always does her homework _____ than her brother.

A. more careful

B. careful

C. more carefully

D. carefully

8 （2010 河北29）The Internet is very useful for us .We can _____find information.

A easy

B easily

C hard

D hardly

9 （2011 河北83）Mrs. Chan told us to write as (care) as we could.

专题八冠词

冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义，它分为不定冠词（a ,an ）和定冠词（the）两种。冠词是英语中使用频率极高的一种词，历年来中考单项填空或完型都涉及冠词的用法，考察内容主要集中在：1不定冠词a 和an de 用法；2定冠词the 的用法以及不定冠词的场合，3 习惯用语中冠词的位置和使用。

冠词的考查重点包括不定冠词a和an的用法，定冠词the的用法和零冠词的用法等。

一.a和an的区别

不定冠词有a和an两种形式，a用于辅音(不是辅音字母)开头的词前，an用于元音(不是元音字母)开头的词前。

例如：a boy, a university, a European country; an hour, an honor, an island, an elephant, an umbrella, an honest man ,a useful book 不看字母看读音,不见原因(元音)别施恩(n)

二.不定冠词的用法

1.泛指某一类人、事或物；相当于any，这是不定冠词a/an的基本用法。A horst is an animal

2.泛指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。A girl is waiting for you.

3.表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。I have a computer.

4.表示“每一”，相当于every. I go to school five days a week.我一周上五天课。

5.用在序数词前，表示“又一”，“再一”。I have three books. I want to buy a fourth one.

6.用在某些固定词组中：a lot(of), after a while ,a few ,a little ,at a time ,have a swim ,have a cold ,in a hurry ,for a long time,have a good time ,have a look

三.定冠词的用法

1.特指某(些)人或某(些)物，这是定冠词的基本用法。The book on the desk is mine

2.指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。Open the window, please.

3.指上文已经提到的人或事物。

I have a car. The car is red.

4.指世界上独一无二的事物。Which is bigger, the sun or the earth?

5.用在序数词，形容词最高级前。The first lesson is the easiest one in this book.

6.用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。the Great Wall 长城，the United States 美国

7.用在某些形容词前，表示某一类人。the poor穷人, the blind盲人

8用在姓氏复数形式前，表示“全家人”或“夫妻俩”。the Greens 格林一家或格林夫妻俩9.用在方位词前。on the left在左边，in the middle of在中间10.用在乐器名称前。She plays the piano every day.

11.用在表示海洋，河流，山脉，群岛及国家和党派等名词前。the Black Sea黑海，the Yangzi River长江

12.用在某些固定词组中：all the same仍然；all the time一直；at the moment此刻；at the same time同时；by the way顺便说；do the shopping/washing买东西/洗衣服；in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/晚上；in the open air四.零冠词的用法

1.棋类,球类,一日三餐名词前不用任何冠词Play chess play football have supper

特例：当football，basketball指具体的某个球时，其前可以用冠词：I can see a football.我可以看到一只足球。Where’s the football？那只足球在哪儿？(指足球，并非“球类运动”)

2.季节,月份,星期,节假日名词前不用任何冠词.In July in summer on Monday on Teachers’ Day

3.人名,地名,国家名前不加冠词Beijing is the capital of China

4.学科,语言,称呼,语职务名词前不用冠词Math is hard to learn

5.复数名词表示类别时不加冠词They are workers I like eating apples

6.名词前已有物主代词(my，your，his，her等)、指示代词(this/these，that/those)、不定代词(some，any等)及所有格限制时,不用冠词my book(正)；my the book(误)

7.在表特定的公园，街道，车站，桥，学校等之前。No.25 Middle School

五.用与不用冠词的差异

in hospital住院/in the hospital在医院里in front of在…(外部的)前面/in the front of 在…(内部的)前面

at table进餐/at the table在桌子旁by sea乘船/by the sea在海边go to school(church…)上学(做礼拜…) /go to the school(church…)到学校(教堂…)去two of us我们当中的两人/the two of us我们两人(共计两人) next year明年/the next year 第二年 a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家(一个人)

/a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家(两个人)

1. (2007 河北, 26) ____ woman in a purple skirt is Betty’s mother.

A. The

B. A

C. An

D. /

2. (2006 河北课改, 26) There is ____ apple tree in my garden. It’s over 10 years old.

A. the

B. a

C. an

D. /

3.My father is _____engineer.He works very hard.

4.He gave my sister _____useful book yesterday.

https://www.360docs.net/doc/d115806227.html,st week Lily’s father bought her______MP4 as_____birtherday present.

6.I enjoy listening to____music ,but I don’t like _____music we heard just now.

7.Mary used to be____honest girl,but now she often tells lies.

8.Tian’anmen square and____Great Wall are very famous in____China.

9.In the United States ,Father’s Day comes on____third Sunday in___June.

10(2008河北) My father is____ engineer. He works very hard.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. /

11 （2009 河北26）I really like _____ book you lent me yesterday.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. 不填

12 （2010 河北26）Cindy is ______amazing singer .She has lots of fans.

A a

B an

C the D. 不填

13 (2011 河北26) She learned to play piano all by herself.

A. a

B. an

C. the

D. 不填

专题九动词分类和时态

初中英语所涉及的时态有8种，即一般现在时、现在进行时、一般将来时、现在完成时、一般过去式、现在完成时、一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时和过去完成时。动词的时态是中考考察的重点之一，考查题型有用所给单词的适当形式填空、单项选择、句型转换、完成句子和完形填空等。考察的主要内容是各种时态的用法及结构。

一、一般现在时：

1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。也可表客观规律以及在时间，条件状语从句中表将来时

2.时间状语：always, usually, often, sometimes, ever y week (day, year, month…), once a week, on Sundays,

3.基本结构：①be动词；am/is/are ②行为动词:动词原形、第三人称单数。

4.否定形式：①am/is/are+not;②don’t /doesn’t +动词原形+……

5.一般疑问句：①把be动词放于句首；②Do/Does +…+动词原形+…?

二、一般过去时：

1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。

2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, this morning

3.基本结构：①be动词；was/were …②行为动词:动词的过去式

4.否定形式：①was/were+not;

②didn’t +动词原形

5.一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②Did +…+动词原形……?

三、现在进行时：

1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。

2.时间状语：now, at this time, these days, look,listen ,can you see? Can’t you see ?之类的暗示语。

3.基本结构：am/is/are+doing

4.否定形式：am/is/are+not+doing.

5.一般疑问句：Is /Are …+doing sth ?

四、过去进行时：

1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。

2.时间状语：at this/that time yesterday, at that time ,at sixyesterday evening , last night 或以when/while引导的时间状语(过去进行时+when+一般过去时/ 一般过去时+while +过去进行时/过去进行时+while +过去进行时)

3.基本结构：was/were+doing

4.否定形式：was/were + not + doing.

5.一般疑问句：把was或were放于句首。

五、现在完成时：

1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。

2.时间状语：recently, lately, since…for…,in the past few years, already ,yet ,never ,ever, just, before, so far ,once, twice etc.

3.基本结构：have/has + done

4.否定形式：have/has + not +done.

5.一般疑问句：把have或has放于句首。

6.反义疑问句：直接用has /have 进行反问

7.注意：

1).have been to /have gone to /have been in 的区别

have been to +地点表示曾经去过某地，现人已返回。(once ,twice ….)

have gone to +地点表示人已去了某地，人还未返回。(where is sb ?)

have been in +地点表示在某地呆多长时间。（for…../ since …..）

2).与时间段连用时，短暂性动词应改为相应的延续性动词。

Come/go to ------ be at /in leave ----be away from buy ----have borrow /lend -----keep open ---be open close---be closed die---dead start/begin ----be on join—--be in /be a member of /be a soldier become –be make friend ---be friend get up ---be up fall asleep ---be asleep catch a cold – have a cold reach/get/arrive---stay/be

3).现在完成时的四种句型：

A).主语+短暂性动词的过去式+ 时间+ago B).主语+have/has +延续性动词的过去分词+for…./since …. ago .

C).It’s +时间段+since +短暂性动词的过去式D).时间段+has passed +since +短暂性动词的过去式

His grandfather died two years ago . His grandfather has ____ ____ for two years.

_____two years _____ his grandfather ____. Two years ____ ____ ____ his grandfather _____.

4).现在完成时与一般过去时的区别现在完成时与现在有关的时态，他侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响。而一般过去时侧重于表示过去的动作与现在无关，若询问该动作发生的具体的时间时，只能用一般现在时。

Has he returned the library book ? Yes, he has. When ____ he _____(return) it ?He ____ (return)it yesterday afternoon .

六、过去完成时：

1.概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。

2.时间状语：1).before+过去时间，by+ 过去时间, by the end of last year(term, month…) 2).by the time +从句（一般过去时），主句（过去完成时）3).用于由when ,after , before 引导的时间状语从句中，前后两动作都发生在过去。

过去完成时+when/before +一般过去时一般过去时+after +过去完成时4).用于宾语从句中。

3.基本结构：had + done.

4.否定形式：had + not + done.

5.一般疑问句：把had放于句首。

七、一般将来时：

1.概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

2.时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year ) ,soon, in+一段时间, by…,the day after tomorrow, this evening ,tonight

3.基本结构：1).am/is/are/going to + do；2).will/shall + do. 3).用现在进行时表示将来，动词come, go ,start,leave ,fly,move ,begin ,get …. 4).当主句为一般将来时，由if ,as soon as ,until, when ,before, after, unless 引导的状语从句中用一般现在时代替一般将来时。

4.否定形式：①was/were + not; ②在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。

5.一般疑问句：①be放于句首；②will/shall提到句首。

八、过去将来时：

1.概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。

2.时间状语：the next day(morning, year…),the following month(week…), by then ,

3.基本结构：①was/were/going to + do；②would/should + do.

4.否定形式：①was/were/not + going to + do;②would/should + not + do.

5.一般疑问句：①was或were放于句首；②would/should 提到句首。

I. (2007河北,33 ) I'll do it better if the teacher ______ me another chance.

A. Five

B. Fives

C. gave

D. will give

2. (2007河北,37 )Henry speaks Chinese very well. He ___in China since 2002.

A. stays

B. stayed

C. is staying

D. has stayed

3. (2007河北, 38 )How much does the ticket _____ from Shanghai to Beijing?

A. cost

B. take

C. spend

D. pay

4. (2007河北,35 )When I went to say goodbye to Anna, she _____ the piano.

A. is playing

B. plays

C. was playing

D. played

5. ( 2007河北, 44 ) He ____ a piece of waste paper, and put it into the rubbish bag.

A. picked up

B. threw away

C. looked for

D. handed in

6. (20(/6河北,39 )He has failed several times, but he won't ______.

A. go on

B. come on

C. get up

D. give up

7. (2006河北,323 Hangzhou is a nice city. My Dad ____ me there when I was about ten years old.

A. pulled

B. caught

C. took

D. brought

8. (2006河北,35) My father ______ on business for two weeks. He’ll return in 3 days.

A. left

B.has left

C.has gone

D. has been away

9. ( 2005河北, 39 ) Oh, Danny. It's raining outside. You'd better ____your raincoat.

A. put on

B. put up

C. dress

D. to wear

10. (2004河北,49)I_____ this book for two weeks. I have to return it now.

A. borrow

B. have borrowed

C. kept

D. have kept

11. (2003河北,16)--Who cleaned the blackboard yesterday, Dick?

--John ______.

A. cleaned

B. doe

C. did

D. is

12. (2003河北,23) When she was 22 years old, her dream to be a teacher _______.

A. came true

B. come true

C. came real

D. come real

13. (2003河北,24)--Lucy, ____ you _____ your ticket? --Not yet.

A. did, find

B. have, found

C. has, found

D. do, find

14(2008河北). The children ___ a P.E.class on the playground when it suddenly began to rain.

A. have

B. are having

C. had

D. were having

15（2008河北32）.Nick ____ a new camera. He has taken lots of pictures with it.

A. buys

B. is buying

C. bought

D. will buy