【精品】英语语法代词归纳总结
【精品】英语语法代词归纳总结
一、单项选择代词
1．While e-book sales this year have declined, it is still important for us to remember that the figures are still higher than ______ five years ago.
A．one B．that
C．those D．they
【答案】C
【解析】句意：尽管今年电子书的销量已经下降，但是对于我们来说记住数字仍然高于五年前的销售量仍然很重要。这里用代词those指代上文出现过的可数名词复数figures，故选C。
【名师点睛】
代词that和those用法：
一、代词that 的用法：代词that 的指代为特指，并且我们通常归纳为“同物异指”，即代词that 指代的物体与前文中的物体是同样的名称，但是有不同的内涵，另外代词that 可以指代前文中的不可数名词，
The climate of Jilin is not so mild as that of Jiangsu. 吉林的气候不如江苏温和。
代词that 指代前文中climate，同样都是climate，前文中为吉林的气候，而后文中that 所指代的气候是江苏的气候，名称相同但内涵不一样，这就是所谓的“同物异指”。此处代词that 指代的climate 即为不可数名词。
◆代词that 与one 的区别:
that 指代可数名词单数或者不可数名词，为特指， that 代替可数名词单数时等同于
the one。 one 指代可数名词单数，为泛指。
The weather in Beijing in winter is colder than that of Shanghai. 北京的天气比上海的天气要冷。
As they are retired，Mr. and Mrs. Scot prefer a house in the country to one in a large city. 因为他们退休了，司各特先生和太太宁愿要一座农村里的房子也不愿要一座大城市里的房子。二、代词those 的用法
that 可代替不可数名词，也可代替可数名词单数，代替可数名词单数时等同于the one，表示特指意义; those 只能代替可数名词复数，等同于the ones。
The days in summer are longer than those in winter. 夏天要比冬天长一些。
此句中代词those 指代前文中的复数the days。
Despite the negative image of nuclear energy, actually its public safety risks are no greater than those of fossil fuels.
代词those 指代前文中的public safety risks，指代前文中的复数名词用those 符合题意，句子意思为：尽管核能的形象比较负面，但是实际上核能的公共安全危害性还不如矿物燃料的公共安全危害性大。
2．The manager was very angry, for he had sent his business partner two thousand machines yesterday, half of _________ unqualified.
A．them B．what C．which D．whom
【答案】A
【解析】
本题考查独立主格结构。句意：经理很生气，因为昨天他给他的生意伙伴寄去了2000台机器，其中一半不合格。题中的unqualified为形容词。此题容易误选C。C项前缺少谓语动词。
3．Do you consider _____ any good doing many scientific experiments?
A．there B．this C．it D．one
【答案】C
【解析】
it是形式宾语，代替doing；good是形容词，因此选C
4．The enemy troop could hardly make any advance, and ________ could they fall back. A．neither B．so C．either D．both
【答案】A
【解析】
本题考查代词。根据could they fall back用倒装结构和句意，故用否定词neither，故选A
5．----Will $ 1,000 _______ the cost of the trip?
----I’m afraid not. Perhaps I need _______ $500.
A．pay; another B．charge; more C．cover; another D．afford; more
【答案】C
【解析】
句意“1000美元够旅行的费用吗？”“恐怕不够，也许还需要500美元。”charge“收费”；cover“包括”；afford“买得起”。根据句意可知，用cover；在原来的基础上再多一些用“another+数词”或“数词+more”表示，这里用another。故选C。
6．Mom promised to buy me a nice gift for my next birthday, ______ beyond my imagination. A．which B．that C．something D．the one
【答案】C
【解析】
考查同位语。something beyond my imagination 是 a nice gift 的同位语,补充说明礼物是某种超乎想象的东西。后面句子中没有动词构成不了句子，所以which不能选。the one 指代与gift 是同一个东西的礼物,意思成了“出乎想象的已知的礼物”,与上文的 promised to buy 不符。句意：妈妈承诺我下个生日给我买一个超乎我的想象的好看的礼物。故选C。
7．I’d appreciate ______ if you would pick me up at seven this evening.
A．hat B．this C．it D．you
【答案】C
【解析】
试题解析：句意；如果你明早到机场来接我，我将不甚感激。appreciate,like,love,hate等表喜好，憎恨之类词后不能直接接从句，必须先补充it后再接从句。it表虚指，无实义。另外，一些动词短语也不能直接加从句，必须加it再接从句,如see to it that ,depend on it that 等。
考点：固定句型
8．I prefer a flat in Inverness to ________ in Perth, as I want to live near my mum’s.
A．it B．one
C．that D．which
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：考查代词辨析。本句中使用one指代单数可数名词a flat，表示泛指。it指代上文出现的同一事物，that表示特指，which引导非限制性定语从句。句意：我更喜欢在因弗内斯的一个公寓而不是珀斯的公寓，因为我们想生活得离我妈妈家近点的地方。故B正确。
考点：考查代词辨析
9．--Have you heard about Apple iPhone 6s?
--Sure．It is a hit these days．I am thinking about getting _____．
A．one B．them
C．that D．it
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：考查代词用法。one 是泛指，同名异物，相当于a/an + 名词；that 是特指，同名异物，相当于the + 名词；it 同名同物。句意：——你听说过苹果6s吗？——当然了，这些日子非常流行。我正考虑买一个呢。one在这里相当于an Apple iPhone 4，所以选A。
考点：考查代词用法
10．I find ________ amazing that anyone would want to listen to Gospel music.
A．it B．that C．how D．this
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：句意：我发现有人想听Gospel音乐，这很让我吃惊。句中it作形式宾语，amazing作宾补，后面的从句从句that anyone would want to listen to Gospel music.作真正宾语，故选A。
考点：考查代词用法。
11．Oxford is not far from Stratford, so you can easily visit ______ in a day.
A．one B．either C．both D．all
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：考查代词。句意：Oxford离Stratford不远，所以你可以很容易在一天之内参观完这两个。one一个；either两者中任何一个；both两者都；all三者以上都。故选C。【知识拓展】
both两者都；all三者以上都；neither两者都不；none三者或三者以上都不；either两者中任何一个。
考点：考查代词
12．—The exam was easy, wasn't it?
—Yes, but I don't think ________ could pass it.
A．somebody B．anybody
C．nobody D．everybody
【答案】D
【解析】
everybody同表否定意义的词连用时，表达的是部分否定的意义。下句意同“考试是容易。但是我想并非每个人都能通过”。
13．He knew the files could be of help to took over the job.
A．anyone B．someone C．whoever D．who
【答案】C
【解析】
这是一个复合句，He knew是主谓，后面the files could be of help to whoever took over the job.是宾语从句（省略了that）。这个宾语从句里面又套有一个宾语从句whoever took over the job
14．In my eyes ,Miss Green is a strict but kind teacher, everyone will show respect and love to.
A. it
B. which
C. one
D. those
【答案】C
【解析】考查代词：句意：在我看来，格林小姐是个严格的但是善良的老师，一个每个人都尊敬的爱戴的老师。这里用one代指a teacher，做同位语，it指代物，which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰物，those指代可数名词复数。选C。
15．-Which of these two ties will you take?
-I don't like these. Do you have any_____?
A．one B．other
C．ones D．others
【答案】D
【解析】
考查对不定代词的用法。--两个领带你想要哪一个？--都不喜欢，还有其他的吗？
others=other+名词”，泛指“别的人或物，其他的人/物”，故选D。
【名师点睛】不定代词one，ones ， other 和others的区别。
不定代词即不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。
1.不定代词one指代可数名词，既可指人，亦可指物，它可以代替上文中出现的单数可数名词，指代复数名词时可以用ones。
例如：I do not have a pen, can you lend me one?
I like small cars better than large ones.
2.other具有名词和形容词性质，既可指人，亦可指物。other常与定冠词the连用。other只作形容词或代词，表示“其他的，别的”，不可单独使用。
例如：Do you have any other questions?
the other作形容词或代词，特指两者中或两部分的另一个或另一部分。
3.others相当于“other+名词”，泛指“别的人或物”，只有名词性用法。
例如：Some are planting trees, others are watering them.
16．“Made in China 2025” aims to transform China from a product-making factory into a product-making power, ______________ driven by innovation and emphasizing quality over quantity.
A．the one that B．one that
C．one D．the one
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查代词的用法。句意：“2025中国制造”的目标是把中国从一个产品制造工厂变成一个产品制造大国，一个以创新为导向、强调质量而不是数量的大国。one表示泛指，相当于“a(an)+名词”，代替的是同类事物中的“一个”；that表示特指，相当于“the+名词”；代词one=a/ an +n，此处one=a product-making power；而________driven by innovation and emphasizes quality over quantity中driven by 只是一个非谓语短语（be driven by 被……驱使）作定语，因此不需要连词引导。所以排除A、 B。one表示泛指，相当于“t he+名词”可以排除D。故选C。
17．Our monitor’s breaking the record at the sports meeting was an exciting moment, ________
all of us will always treasure.
A．that B．it C．one D．what
【答案】C
【解析】
考查替代。句意：我们的班长在运动会上打破了记录是一个令人兴奋的时刻，一个我们将总是珍惜的时刻。a/an +单数可数名词，用one代替，故选C。
18．Although we produce carbon when we breathe, the carbon we produce is much less than _________ produced by a car.
A．it B．the one C．what D．that
【答案】D
【解析】考查代词辨析。句意：尽管我们呼吸时产生二氧化碳，但我们产生的二氧化碳比汽车产生的少得多。that指代此前面的不可数名词carbon。指代前面的不可数名词，要用that，而it是指同类同物，the one,其中的one指代可数名词的单数，what是“什么”，不能指代前面的不可数名词，因此选D项。
19．A child should be receiving either meat or eggs daily, preferably ______.
A．neither B．none
C．either D．both
【答案】D
【解析】
考查代词。句意：孩子应该每日食用肉类或蛋类，最好两种都吃。A. neither两个都不；B. none没有人；一个也没有；没有任何东西；C. either两个中任意一个；D. both两个都。根据语境判断是“两者都”，故选D。
20．— Have Max and Tina sold out all the English dictionaries?
— Yes, completely. ________ is left.
A．None B．Nothing
C．No one D．Neither
【答案】A
【解析】
考查代词。no one只能指人，但不具体指什么人，一般用来回答who。 none具体指什么人或物，一般用来回答how many。句意：卖完所有的英语字典了吗？是的，全部卖完了，没有一本剩下来。故选A。
21．The population of China is larger than ________ of the United States.
A．this B．that
C．these D．those
【答案】B
考察代词用法。That指代不可数名词或者可数名词单数，后面有定语修饰，表示特指。本句的that指代population; those指代可数名词复数形式，后面也有定语修饰，表示特指。
22．Mr. and Mrs. Scott prefer a restaurant in a small town to ______ in so large a city as New York.
A．this B．one
C．it D．that
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查代词。句意：Scott先生和太太喜欢在小镇上的餐馆，而不喜欢在像纽约这样的大城市里的餐馆。prefer A to B比起……更喜欢……，该句型是固定句型，用one代替another restaurant，故选B。
23．We have many summer camps for your holidays. You can choose ____ based on your own interest.
A．them B．each
C．one D．it
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查代词。句意：我们有许多暑期夏令营，你可以根据自己的兴趣选择一个。A. them它们；B. each每一个；C. one一个，为泛指，泛指同类事物或人中的某一个；D. it为特指，特指上文提到的某人或者某事物。根据语境可知，此处应是表示泛指的某一个，在此泛指上句提到的many summer camps中的某一个，故选C。
24．The coat I bought yesterday is the same ____.
A．as you B．as you are
C．as yours D．like you
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查固定结构和名词性物主代词。句意：我昨天买的外套和你的一样。the same as…和……一样，句中比较的是衣服，因为后面没有名词，所以此处要用名词性物主代词yours，相当于your coat。故选C。
25．This was a courageous decision, all the board members of the company opposed.
A．it B．that C．one D．the one
【解析】
【详解】
考查代词用法。句意：这是一个需要勇气的决定，公司委员会所有成员都反对这样的决定。It代指上文提到的事物本身；that同类事物中不同一个，是特指，相当于that+名词；one相当于a+名词，是泛指；the one 是特指。根据句意，对decision的解释说明，特指这一个决定，故选D。
26．How do you like the Japanese film Your Name! Don’t you just love ________ when the hero comes across the girl again after 8 years?
A．this B．that C．it D．them
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查固定句型。句意：你觉得日本电影《你的名字》怎么样?难道你不喜欢男主角8年后再遇到那个女孩吗? 固定句式“sb＋hate / dislike / love / like＋it＋when从句”为固定用法，故选C。
【点睛】
it作形式宾语的用法。
当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在某个句子中作宾语时，为保持句子结构平衡，避免句式结构的混乱，常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在句尾。此时it仍只起先行引导作用，本身无词义。其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”。
① 当不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或从句在复合宾语结构中作某些动词的宾语时（如think, make, find, consider, feel, suppose等）；
基本句式结构——
一、动词+ it + that-从句。如：
（1）sb find/ believe/ think/ feel/ consider/ make + it +n+to do/that从句，如：I take it (that) he will come on time. 我认为他会准时来的。
He makes it a rule never to borrow money.（他立志决不向别人借钱。）
I think it no need talking about it with them.（我认为没必要跟他们谈。）
（2）sb find/think/make + it + adj. + to do sth/that 从句(宾语从句)如：I don’t feel it difficult to understand the Special English.（我觉得理解英语特别节目并不难。）
I find it interesting to learn English.
二、动词 + prep + it + that-从句。如：
I can’t answer for it that he will come. 我不能保证他会来。
You may rely on it that he’ll come to meet you. 你放心，他会来接你的。
You may depend on it that we shall always help you.（尽管放心，我们会随时帮你的。）
说明：能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有see to, look to, insist on, stick to, depend on, answer for 等。
注意： that引导的宾语从句不能直接作介词的宾语
三、动词 + it + 介词短语+ that-从句。如：
We owe it to you that there wasn’t a serious accident.（多亏了你才没有发生严重事故。）
I took it for granted that he would help us. 我认为他会帮助我们的。
注意：由及物动词与介词组成的固定搭配中，宾语从句若作该动词的宾语时，须借用it。常见的有take it for granted, bring it to sb’s attention, o we it to sb 等。
四、动词 + it + when /if/that-从句。如：
(1)sb＋hate / dislike / love / like＋it＋when－从句
I hate it when my mother asks me to eat eggs.（我讨厌母亲要我吃鸡蛋。）
I dislike it when you whistle. 我不爱听你吹口哨。
(2)sb＋appreciate/prefer＋it＋if－从句
I really appreciate it if you could help me with my math.
I’d prefer it if I didn’t have to do so much work. 要是我不必做那么多工作，好就太好了。
27．Dancing with the feet is one thing, but dancing with the heart is .
A．one B．other C．others D．another
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查代词辨析。句意：用脚跳舞是一回事，用心跳舞是另一回事。结合上文Dancing with the feet is one thing中与one形成对照应用another，表示“一个……另一个”，故选D。
【点睛】
another 的用法与语法特点
1. another的主要用法
another主要有两个用法，一是表示“另外一个”，即暗指除这个之外的另外一个，具有不确指性。如：
You’d better try and find another job. 你最好设法另找一份工作。
此句的背景是：“你”现在有一份工作，或已找到一份工作，但由于某种原因不想做，所以要另找一份工作。这里说的“另外一份工作”指的就是“除此之外的另外一份工作”。another的另一个用法是表示“增加的”“额外的”，暗指在原有基础上另增加一个。如：Could I have another piece of bread? 我可以再吃一块面包吗?
此句的背景是：“我”原来已吃了一些面包，现在还想吃一块，即在原来的基础上再额外增加一块。
2. another 的语法特点
another后原则只用于指代或修饰单数可数名词，不用于指代或修饰不可数名词或复数名词，但有一个例外，就是当复数名词前带有数词或few修饰时，其前可以用another修饰。如：
We need another three chairs. 我们还需要三把椅子。
You’d better stay at hospital for another few days. 你最好在医院再住几天。
英语不能说another chairs，但可说another three chairs；不能说another days，但可说another few days，原因就是复数名词chairs, days前带有修饰语three和few。
3. one有时可与another对照使用。如：
One (boy) wanted to read, and another wanted to watch TV. 一个（男孩）想看书，另一个则想看电视。
One day he wanted his lunch early, another day he wanted it late. 他一天要早点吃午饭，另一天又要晚点吃午饭。
28．I hate ____when people shout loudly in public.
A．it B．these C．them D．that
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查it做形式宾语。句意：我讨厌人们在公共场合大声喊叫。在enjoy （享受），hate （恨），like（喜欢）， love （爱）等动词之后用it充当形式宾语，在it 后面用宾语从句作真正宾语，故选A。
29．I hate _______ when people talk with their mouths full.
A．it B．that C．these D．them
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查it特殊用法。It作为无所指It,经常放在hate, appreciate，make,get等的后面构成固定句型。如I made it我成功了。I got it我明白了！句意：我抬眼人们嘴里塞的满满的说话。故A正确。
30．I agree with most of what you said，but I don't agree with _____.
A．everything B．anything
C．something D．nothing
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：考查不定代词的用法。not everything意为“不是所有的”。句意“我同意你说的大部分，但不是所有的。”故选A。
考点：考查不定代词的用法
高中英语语法总结
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You are to explain this. 对此你要做出解释。 He is to come to the office this afternoon. 要他今天下午来办公室。 c. 征求意见。例如： How am I to answer him? 我该怎样答复他? Who is to go there? 谁该去那儿呢? d. 表示相约、商定。例如： We are to meet at the school gate at seven tomorrow morning. 我们明天早晨7点在校门口集合。 2. 助动词have的用法 1)have +过去分词，构成完成时态。例如： He has left for London. 他已去了伦敦。 By the end of last month, they had finished half of their work. 上月未为止，他们已经完成工作的一半。 2)have + been +现在分词，构成完成进行时。例如： I have been studying English for ten years. 我一直在学英语，已达十年之久。 3)have +been +过去分词，构成完成式被动语态。例如： English has been taught in China for many years. 中国教英语已经多年。 3.助动词do 的用法 1)构成一般疑问句。例如：
新初中英语语法知识—代词的分类汇编含答案
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新初中英语语法知识—代词的图文答案(1)
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