语法复习三：名词性从句
语法复习三：名词性从句
语法复习三：名词性从句
名词性从句相当于名词，可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。因此，名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
（一）引导名词性从句的连接词
1、连接代词：who, whose, whom, what, which。有词义，在从句中担任成分，如主语、表语、宾语、或定
语等。
2、连接副词：when, where, why, how。有词义，在从句中担任成分，作状语。
3、连接词：that, was if。that 无词义，在从句中不担任成分，有时可省略；if (whether), as if虽有词义，但在从句中不担任成分。
注意：连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句，
因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。连接代词与连接副词在从
句充当句子成分，连接词whether 和if（是否），as if （好象）在从句中不充当句子成分，只起连接作用。根据句义，如果连接代词与连接副词，whether、if 和as if 都用不上时，才用that作连接词（that本身无任何含义）。
（二）主语从句
1、主语从句在复合句作主语。
e.g. Who will ga2、用it作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。
e.g. It doesn’t mauch wu will、that引导主语从句时，不能省略。
e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.
（三）表语从句
1、表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。
e.g. The question was who could g2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。
e.g. My idea is (that) we can gadlw（四）宾语从句
1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。
e.g. I hope (that) everything is all rig2、介词之后的宾语从句，不可用which或if连接，要分别用what或 whether。
e.g. I’d in wu’vd the wI’d in what you’ve said.
3、whether与if都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。
①宾语从句是否定句时，只用if，不用whether。
e.g. I wonddoesn’t ra②用if 会引起误解，就要用whether。
e.g. Please lw wu want to go.（此句如果把whether 改成if，容易当成条件句理解）
③宾语从句中的whether 与or not直接连用，就不能换成if；不直接连用，可换。
e.g. I don’t know wue.
I don’t know whether/u④介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。whether 可与不定式连用。whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步
状语从句，以上均不能换成if。但引导条件从句时，只
能用if，而不能用whether。
e.g. It depends on whether we have enougThey don’t know wgPleau hav（五）同位语从句
同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于
该名词（如：news, fact, idea, sugg等）之后，说明
该名词的具体内容。
e.g. I have no idea when he will be baThe fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody. 练习：名词性从句
一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是
什么从句：a is no longer what it used to be.
2. The truth that the earth turn around the suwn to allIt was snowing when he arrived aaHowuaded the managange the plag to us allThe news thaad won the gaad over the whole schoolThe news that you toldday was really disagThat is where Lu Xun used to livHaunderstood what he was talking abouDo you remembacher who taught us English at middle school?
10. I wonder wused my invita二、用适当的连词
填空：I can’t decide ____________ dictionary I should buy.
2. That’s ____________he refused my invitaI am vd in ____________ he has improvedunciauch
a____________ we needThe fact ____________ she had not said anything ag surprised everybod____________ and ____________ they will meet has not been decidedPlease tell me ____________ you are waitingIs that ____________ you are looking for?Would you please tell me ____________ the nea?
10. I don’t know ____________ he will agla三、选择填空：Do you see _____ I mean?
A. that
B./
C. how
D. what
2. Tell me_____ur mind.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. wWe mu_____ we have agreedA. whatB. thatC. /D. howL_____.
A. that can I repaadio
B. whether -I can repaadI can repaadioD. wan I repaadd _____.
A. thaacher said
B. what did the teacher saat did the teacher sayD. whaacher saiduld you advise me
_____?
A. which book should I read first
B. what book should I readat buld read firstD. which book I should readHe wad for _____.
A. he had done it
B. what he had done
C. what had he done
D. that he had dWould you kindly tell me _____?
A. how can I gBeijing Railway Sta
B. how I can gBeijing Railway Stawhere can I gBeijing Railway StaD. wan I gBeijing Railway Stawas very mud by _____.
A. what hada
B. that she hadawhat she hadaD. which hada
10. Wgranted ___
A. that they wg
B. that wgwg notD. wgI really don't know _____
A. I should do next
B. what should I do nexwhat
I should do nextD. how I should do next
12. I'm afraid _____.
A. the little girl will have to be operated
B. that will the little girl havalittle girl will havaD. that will the little girl have to be operatedwalked up to _____ .
A. where did I stand
B. where I stoodI stood there D. where I stoodan you tell me _____?
A. wat gentleman
B. that gentleman is wwho that gentleman isD. wat gentlemaWe'll give you _____.
A. that do you need
B. what do you needwhatever you needD. whether do you needThey want uw _____ to help us.
A. what can they
B. whaan
C. how they can
D. how caWe must put _____aA. what we have learnedB. that we have learnedat have we learnedD. what have we learnedDid she say anything about _____?
A. that the work was to be done
B. how was the work to be dat was the work to be doneD. how the work was to be dHe was never satisfied with _____.
A. what she had achieved
B. had what she achievedad achievedD. that she achieved
20. Tgraphs will show you _____.
A. what does our village look like
B. what our village looks lw does our village look likeD. how our village looks l21. Pd _____ he pay the bill.
A. on that
B. what
C. that
D. on w22. They urged _____ the libraduring the vacaA. whenB. whereC. whyD. that
23. We wish we could have learned _____ when we were at high school.
A. what you did
B. that you had dat what you did
D. what did you do
24.1 will describe to you _____ I saw wA. whatB. thatC. which D./
25. From _____ I should saa good wA. what 1 know of himB. that I do knowwhat do I know of himD. that do I know26. I will give this dictionary to __ waavA. whomever B. awhoeverD27._____ they willasn' t been decidedA. WhatB. ThatC. WhenD. W28. _____ was said here must bA. Who B. The thingC. Whatever D. W29. Ill a question _____ we shall have ouA. ifB. thatC. whatD. w0. I'm going anyway. _____ she will go is udecide.
A. I
B. WIfD. ThaIange _____ she have left without saying a word.
A. that
B. what
C. why
D. how
32. It is very clear _____ our policy is aA. whatB. thatC. why D. w_____ Mr Zhang said is quite rigA. That B. WhenC. WhatD. WIt has been decided _____ he will bA. ifB. wwhyD. thaIt doesn' t matter _____he'baA. ifB. watD. wIt's a great pity _____ we won’t be ablaA. when B. thatC. why D. wIt happened _____ I wasn'at day.
A. when
B. why
C. where
D. tha_____ you have done might do hale.
A. What
B. That
C. Which
D. The thing_____ leavlast ought to tuligA. Anyone B. TWhoever
D.W0._____ the 2000 Olympic Games won't be held in Beijing is known to all.
A. Whether
B. If
C. Whenever
D. Tha_____ failwill make a big mistaA. That B. WhoeverC. Whether D. W2. __ we need more eququite obvious.
A. What
B. WThatD. WhatevHas it been announced _____?
A. when alaake off
B. that alaawhere alaake offD. wlanes are to taThat is _____ we all sudea.
A. what
B. why
C. where
D. wThat’s _____ we should
do.
A. that
B. what
C. how
D. w_____ is troubling me is _____ I don’t understand _____ he said
A. What; that; what
B. What; what; whaThat; that; whatD. Why; that; wThings w_____d to be.
A. when
B. why
C. that
D. whaThat’s _____ I want to say.
A. all what
B. what
C. all which
D. what thaThat’s _____ .
A. where our dlie
B. our dlwhere do our dlieD. that where our dl0. That is _____ .
A. where lived
B. where did he livwlivedD. that wlivedThe qu_____.
A. wworth doing
B. thaworth doingwworth doingDworth doing
52. Water will continue to be _____day nexaxygA. howB. whichC. whatD. aThat's_____.
A. how did I become a teacher
B. how I became a teaw a teacher I becameD. that I became a teaThey are just _____.
A. that what shall I have
B. what shall I havat I shall have whatD. what I shall havIt looked ____.
A. awas going to rain
B. that awas going to raas if was it going to rainD. as if that it was going to raThat's_____.
A. how she did it
B. that how did she dw did she do itD. what she didThat is _____ we decided to put the discuA. whereB. watD. wThat’s _____ I lived when I waars old.
A. where
B. at wwhereD. wugg_____ we should send a few comradlA. if B. that
C. when that
D. that w0. The idea _____ all people are selwrong.
A. what
B. that
C. why DWe heard the news _____ our team had wA. thatB. whatC. whether
D. w2. The fact _____ he hadn’t said anything surprised us all.
A. whyBatD. wI have no idea _____ she will be baA. that
B. wat whenD. wWe mud the fact _____ China is still a developing couA. whetherB. that
C. why
D. wThey have no idea at all _____.
A. was gone
B. where did he gwhere has he goneD. which place he has gone
参考答案
语法复习三：名词性从句
一、1、表语从句；2、同位语从句；3、不是；4、
主语从句；5、同位语从句；6、不是；7、表语从句；8、宾语从句；9、不是；10、宾语从句
二、1. which; 2. why; 3. how; 4. What; 5. that;
6. when, where;
7. who(m);
8. what;
9. where; 10. w
三、1~5 DBABD 6~10 DBBCA 11~15 CABCC 16~20 BADAB 21~25 CDAAA
26~30 CCCDB 31~35 ABCDB 36~40 BDACD 41~45 BCDBB 46~50 ADBA~55 CCBDA 56~60 ADABB 61~65 ACDBA
2020考研语法指导：定语从句详解
2020考研语法指导：定语从句详解 定语从句是英语学习的难点，也是考研英语考查的重点。掌握考研英语的定语从句需要掌握以下几个方面： 一、定义 定语从句是指在句中做定语作用，修饰句中的名词或代词的从句，其中被修饰的名词或代词为先行词。当关系代词作定语从句的主语时，其后的谓语动词的人称和数取决于先行词的人称和数。 二、定语从句的结构 定语从句一般位于先行词的后面，定语从句由关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which , that, as 和关系副词when, where, why 等引导。 一）关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中做主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1） who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中做主语和宾语。例如：Is he the m an who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中做主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中做宾语） （2） whose用作关系词表示所属格，也可看作是关系形容词，因 为它后面必须接一个名词连用。不能单独使用。例如:
? They rushed over to help the man whose car had broke n down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 (3) which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可做主语、宾语等。作宾语时常可省略。例如： ? A prosperitywhich / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside? 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语) 二)关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 (1)关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+ which ”结构，所以常常和“介词+ which ”结构交替使用。例如： There are occasionswhen (on which )one must yield? 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the placewhere in which ) I was born?北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why ( for which )he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们协助他的理由吗？ (2)that代替关系副词，能够用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和“介词+ which ”引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如：
语法知识—定语从句的知识点总复习含答案
一、选择题 1. My favorite city is Guilin 3. Chaoyang Experimental School is the best school Yuan Long ping is a Chinese scientist is leading a research to develop sea rice. 10. — Have you heard of the famous Huawei company? —Sure, It's one of the greatest companies __________________ make us Chinese proud. A. which B ? that C. what D. who 11. —Mary, think about _ before you take a trip to Harbin. ??OK, ril take some warm coats then. A. the time that you will spend A. where B. what C. which D. who 2 ? —Yesterday was my birthday. My father sent me a CD —You must be very happy to receive it. A. who B. whom was made by TF Boys. C. which D. what A. which B. that C. when D. where 4?—Have you visited the Great Wall? —Sure! I think it was the best place ___________________ A. where B ? that rve ever been to. C. which 5. Lily doesn't know ________________ s he and her friends can do to help the little boy parents have left their hometown for making money. A. what ： whose B. how ： who C. how; whose 6 ? —Class, you should be thankful to those people helped and supported you. ?? We will. Miss Chen. which B. whom C ? who D. whose 1. The TV play is about a true story happened in a small village a few years ago. A. what B. when C. where D. that A. whose B. which C. who 9. The movie A. that we saw last night was fantastic. B. what C. whose D ? Who is famous for it's beautiful scenery （风景）. Carl has visited in Chaoshan area. B ? the sights that you will visit C. the people who you will meet 12. Behind the Ruian Square there is D ? the clothes which you will bring ? We often enjoy reading books. A. a museum that is open in the day time B. C ? a library that has a lot of books a market which sells delicious fruit D. a restaurant which will be built in 2 years
牛津高中英语语法复习模块1定语从句 苏教版
牛津高中英语语法复习模块1定语从句苏教版 （一）定义 1)在复合句中（一个句子的某一成分由句子承当），修饰某一名词或代词从句叫定语从句或形容词从句；在句中起定语的作用. 2)被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词antecedent 1) The man who lives next to us is a policeman.[ 先行词关系代词定语从句 2) You must do everything that I do. 先行词关系代词定语从句 (二)：关系代词的作用; 1.连接主句和从句。 2.代表被修饰的先行词。 3.在定语从句做一个句子成分。 eg. This is the room which I lived in last year. 先行词关系代词定语从句 (三)：定语从句中有关系代词who, whom, whose, which, that, as. 关系副词when, where, why 等引导定语从句。 （四）：用关系代词还是用关系副词 关系代词起代词的作用，关系副词起副词的作用，因此同样的先行词，选用什么样的关系词，要由它在定语从句中担任的逻辑作用来决定。 关系代词词行先行词充当成分 who 人主、宾、表 Whom 人宾 That 人&物主、宾、表 Which 物主、宾、表 As 物主、宾 Whose=of whom\of which 人&物定语 关系副词When=at\in\on\during which 时间状 Where=at\in\to which 地点状 Why=for which 原因状 that 在口语中可以代替关系副词以上三者状 This is the place ?where we work.（vi.）(关系词所做的成分关键是有从句中的动词来决定的) This is the place which we visited. (vt. ) ........
英语定语从句用法总结
英语定语从句用法总结 定语从句，一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后关系代词的用法：1. 作主语用who, which和that, 如： He is the man who/that lives next door. The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen. 2. 作宾语用whom, who, which, that, 如： The man we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book I bought last week? 注：在非正式文体中，用于指人的关系代词who whom, that 通常可以省略，但在正式文体中通常用whom, 不可省略;用于指物的关系代词which和that 在非正式文体中也通常省略，但在正式文体中一般不省略。 3. 作定语用whose, 如： It was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at that time. 注：“whose +名词中心词”这一结构在定语从句中既能作主语 He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. 4. 作表语只用that ，它既可以指人，也可以指物，但时常省略。如： He is no longer the man that he used to be.
This is no longer the dirty place we met yesterday. 3. why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason。如： That is the reason why he is leaving so soon. 注：why时常也可以省略。如： That is the real reason he did it. + which; where = in he arrived. The office where he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why we did it. 2. 当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或 宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点 状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory where radio parts are made. His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts. 3. when和where既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导 非限制性定语从句。而why 只
英语语法讲解之定语从句
英语语法讲解之定语从句 时间：2016-08-12作者：来源：学习方法网 一．几个基本概念 1.定语从句的定义：用作定语的从句叫定语从句。 2.先行词：被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。 3.定语从句的位置：紧跟先行词(名词或代词)之后。 4.引导词：引导定语从句的词(包括关系代词和关系副词)。 ﹙1﹚关系代词：that/who/whom/which/as ﹙2﹚关系副词：when/where/why 5.引导词的位置：位于定语从句之前(先行词之后)。【as除外】 6.引导词的功能(作用)： ﹙1﹚连接先行词和定语从句。 ﹙2﹚在定语从句中充当一定的成分(关系代词充当主语或宾语，关系副词充当状语)。 7.定语从句的类型： ﹙1﹚限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间无逗号)。 ①直接由引导词引导定语从句 The man who you’re talking to is my friend. ②由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导 The man to whom you’re talking is my friend. I need a pen with which I can write a letter.
=I need a piece of paper on which I can write a letter. 介词的选用可根据从句中的相关词组确定，该介词通常可以放在关系代词之前，也可放在从句之尾。例如： The man (who/whom/that) I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing University. =The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing University. The palace (which/that) I often pay a visit to was built in the 17th century. =The palace to which I often pay a visit was built in the 17th century. ﹙2﹚非限定性定语从句(主句和定语从句之间用逗号隔开)。 ①直接由引导词引导定语从句。 ②由介词+关系代词(whom/which)引导。 I live in a house far away from the city，in front of which is a big tree. There is an apple tree standing at the gate，on which are many apples. This is the man to whom I gave the book. ③由“代词/名词+of+whom/which”或“of which/ whom +名词/代词”(先行词指 人用whom，指物用which)引导。One，some，any，none，all，both，several，many，most，neither，either等词、数词、分数或百分比与of whom或of which连用。 He has five children，two of whom are abroad. (比较：He has five children，and two of them are abroad.) We have three books，none of which is/are interesting. (比较：We have three books，but none of them is/are interesting.) 除why和that不能引导非限定性定语从句外，其余引导词都可以，用法同限定性定语从句一样。但要注意以下区别。
定语从句用法总结
定语从句用法总结 一.定义：定语由一个句子来充当，那么这个句子就叫做定语从句。 eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other.其中划线部分为定语从句。 二.分类：分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，还有间隔性定语从句。 eg: is the school (that/which)we visited last year. （限制性定语从句） weather turned out to be very good,which was more than we could expect. （非限制性定语从句） days are gone when physical strength was all you needed to make a living.（间隔性定语从句） ] 注：定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 限制性定语从句无逗号隔开、不可缺少、起修饰限制作用；而非限制性定语从句有逗号隔开、可有可无、起补充说明作用。 三.构成：定语从句有先行词、引导词和从句构成。 先行词是定语从句所修饰限制的名词或代词。 引导词是用来引导定语从句的关系代词或关系副词。 eg: The old town has narrow streets and small houses that are built close to each other. 此句中先行词为：narrow streets and small houses, ( 引导词为：that，定语从句为：that are built close to each other 四．基本原则 定语从句中不能出现与先行词在意义上相一致的词 is the book that I like it best .(it 与book指同一物，所以要去掉。) 五．定语从句中常见考点：
定语从句语法讲解教学内容
Unit 9语法导学案：定语从句专题讲解 基本概念: 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句 Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now? That is th^ouse where h e lived ten years ago. 定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先 二、定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who （宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系畐寸词包括where, when，why 等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语 从句的重要成分。定语从句的谓语动词由先行词来决定。 三、定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性 定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。 四、关系代词的用法 时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如： Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that 作主语）The coat （that）I put on the desk is blue我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。 （that作宾语） 2. which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如： The buildi ng which sta nds n ear the train stati on is a supermarkets 于火车站附近的那
高考英语语法复习系列之1-定语从句
高考英语语法复习系列之1---定语从句 Part one----基础知识 I. 定语可以由形容词、代词、数词、名词、分词、不定式、介词短语等来担任，修饰名词。(以分词、介词短语为例） 例：The girl behind the tree is Kate. The man driving too fast was a drunk 在英语中，修饰名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。 例：The girl who is behind the tree is Kate. The man who was driving too fast was a drunk 定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。 普通代词与关系代词的区别 I have a sister. She works in Shanghai. she代替sister I have a sister who/that works in Shanghai. ?普通代词：只起代替的作用（如上例she) ?关系代词：（如上例who/that） 1. 除了代替先行词外， 2.它还在定语从句中担任一定的成分， 3. 同时连接先行词与它引导的定语从句。（把主句和从句连起来）
关系词的选用与判断 正确选择关系词是掌握定语从句的关键。关系词的选择完全取决于先行词在定语从句中 IV．介词+关系代词： 1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。 2）that前不能有介词。 3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when 和where 互换。 This is the house in which I lived two years ago. This is the house where I lived two years ago. Do you remember the day on which you joined our club? Do you remember the day when you joined our club? 4）介词的位置变化以及相应的关系词的变化。请分析下面两个句子。 ①那就是他工作的大学。 ┏ at which he works. ┣ which he works at. That is the college ┣ where he works.
定语从句用法归纳完整版
定语从句用法归纳标准化管理处编码[BBX968T-XBB8968-NNJ668-MM9N]
定语从句用法归纳 篇一：定语从句的用法一、定语从句的有关概念所谓定语从句，就是在复合句中起定语作用以修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句。学习定语从句，首先要弄清两个重要概念——先行词和关系词。先行词是我们汉语中从来没有听过的一个新概念，它其实指的就是被定语从句所修饰的词。由于定语从句修饰名词或代词时，定语从句通常是后置的，所以人们就将放在定语从句前被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 那什么是关系词呢其实它就是用于引导定语从句的引导词。事实上，英语中的各类从句，不管性质如何，它们都需要有一个词来“引导”，正如人们给引导状语从句的词语取了个名字叫从属连词一样，人们也给引导定语从句的词语取了个名字，叫它关系词，因为它通常被放在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用，以表明两者之间的修饰关系，同时它还在定语从句中充当一定的句子成分。二、定语从句中关系词与所修饰先行词的关系 为了更好地理解定语从句，我们还有必要研究一下关系词与先行词之间的关系。但在研究这种关系之前，我们先来看看关系词有哪些。根据关系词在定语从句中的作用，我们可以将关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种。所谓关系代词就是指起代词作用的关系词，它们在引导定语从句的同时，还在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、宾语等，英语中比较常用的关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等。类似地，关系副词就是指起副词作用的关系词，它们在引导定语从句的同时，还在定语从句中充当状语等，英语中比较常用的关系副词只有三个，即when, where和why。许多初学定语从句的人弄不清关系词与先行词之间到底是什么关系。其实啊，关系词与先行词之间的关系很简单，简单得可以划一个等号。因为，关系词的含义在本质上等价于先行词，它与先行词指的就是同一个人或同一个事物。为便于理解，下面我们来看几个例子吧。I know the man who lives next door. 我认识住在隔壁的那个人。这是一个含有定语从句的复合句。句中的the man为先行词，who lives next door为修饰the man的定语从句；在定语从句中，who是关系词，它在定语从句中用作主语，从意义上说，它在
定语从句语法讲解教学内容.docx
Unit 9 语法导学案：定语从句专题讲解 一、基本概念： 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now? That is thehouse where h e lived ten years ago. 定语从句所修饰的词叫先行词；定语从句一般用关系代词或关系副词来引导，关系词放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作从句中的一个成分。引导定语从句的关系代词有： that, who, whom, whose, which， as 关系副词有： when, where, why. 二、定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括 that，which，who（宾格 whom，所有格 whose）等，关系副词包括 where，when，why 等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从 句的重要成分。定语从句的谓语动词由先行词来决定。三、定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定 语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍 完整。 四、关系代词的用法 关系代词指代在定语从句中的作用that既指人，也指物主语、宾语 which指物（相当于 that）主语、宾语 who指人（相当于 that）主语 whom指人宾语 whose既指人，也指物定语 1.that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语 时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如： Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle玛.丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（ that 作主语）The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue我.放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that 作宾语）
定语从句语法知识点基本汇总
定语从句 一、that引导的定语从句 1. that指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。 在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 He is the man that/who lives next door.他就是住在隔壁的那个人。 Where is the man(that/whom) I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？The person (that/whom) you introduced to me is very kind. 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。The season that/which comes after spring is summer.春天之后的季节是夏季。 I don’t like stories that/which have unhappy endings. 我不喜欢结尾悲伤的故事。 The dress(that/which) Ann bought doesn’t fit her very well.安买的衣服不太合身。 2.限制性定语从句中只能用that引导定语从句的情况 （1）当先行词为all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, few, some, the one等词时。 Everything that he said was true. 他所说的一切都是真的。 There seems to be nothing that is impossible to him in the world. 对他来说似乎世界上没有什么不可能的事。 Is there anything that I can do for you? 有我能为你效劳的事吗？ That’s all that I know. 我知道的就这么多。 （2）当先行词被the very（恰恰,正好）the only, any, few, little, no, all修饰时。 This is the very grammar book (that) I want to buy. 这正是我要买的语法书。 The only thing that is constant is change. 唯一不变的是变化。 There was little that we could do to help her. 我们没有什么能帮助她的。 （3）当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 This is the best that has been used against pollution.这是曾经用过的最好的抗污染的办法。This is the most interesting film that I've ever seen. 这是我看过的最有趣的电影。 （4）当先行词是first，last，next等序数词或被序数词修饰时。 The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 在伦敦他们参观的第一个地方是大本钟。 What is the first American film that you have seen? 你看过的第一部美国电影是什么？（5）当主句的主语是疑问词who或which时。 Who that has common sense will believe such nonsense? 有常识的人谁会相信这种无聊的
高三语法复习：定语从句
：定语从句 （一）定语从句常见的关系代词和关系副词 who 指代人；whom指代人（宾格）；which/that 指代物； that 指代方式, 从句中作方式状语； why 指代原因, 从句中作原因状语； when 指代时间,从句中作时间状语；常跟在先行词time, period，interval, occasion及表时间的词之后; where指代地点, 从句中作地点状语；常跟在先行词situation, case, point及地点名词之后. 请在横线上填上恰当的关系词。 1. The man ______ visited our school yesterday is from London. 2. Mike wants to work in a country ______there are a lot of forest. 3. Do you remember the farm ______we visited last summer? 4. Look out! Don’t get too close to the house ______ roof is under repair. 5. ______is reported, China won thirty-eight gold medals in 2012 London Olympics. 6. He missed the show, ______was a great pity. 7. Many people , some of ______are not overweight, are going on a diet. 8. Look at the man and the horse ______are running down the road. 9. He didn’t tell me the reason ______ he got home late yesterday. 10.I don’t like the way ______you talk to your mother. 【解题要点】找准先行词，分析先行词在从句中所作的成分。 请从A,B,C,D中选出最佳答案。 1.If a shop has chairs ______women can park their men，women will spend more time in the shop. A.that B.which C.when D.where 2. Everyone has periods in their lives, ______everything seems very hard. A.when B.where C. which D. that 3. I refuse to accept the blame for something ______was someone else’s fault. A.who B.that C. as D. what 4.It’s helpful to put children in a situation______they can see themselves differently. A.that B.when C.which D.where 5.Many children, ______parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village. A.which B.whose C.that D.whom 6. Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street, ______ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. A.that B.which C.who D. where （二）that与which的区别。 1.只用that而不用which的情况 a) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时。 b) 先行词有the only, the very修饰时。c) 先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级。 d) 先行词既有人，又有物时。2.用which而不用that的情况 a）在引导非限定性定语从句时。b) 介词后不能用。 【即学即用】在横线上填上that 或which 1.Jim passed the driving test, ______ surprised everybody in the office. 2.My friend showed me round the town , ______was vey kind of him. 3. I kept the first letter______I got from him. 4.J.K. Roling wrote a lot of novels , most of ______are best sellers. 5. We talked about the teachers and interesting things______ we could remember in the primary school. （三）as引导的定语从句 1.as引导限制性定语从句通常用于the same … as, such … as; so…as结构中。 He is not the same man as he was. She is such a lovely girl as is loved by everyone. 2.常用句型：as is known to all, as is said/reported/known, as I expect 等。 As is expected, he got the first place again in this mid-term examination. 3.引导非限制性定语从句时,as与which的区别 ①当主句和从句语义一致时，用as；
初中英语定语从句的用法归纳
初中英语定语从句用法归纳 定语从句是一种形容词的关系从句。它由关系代词或关系副词引导（1）。初中英语中的定语从句仅限于限制性定于从句，但对初中生来说，定语从句既是一个重点，也是一个难点。 一、英语中的定语从句与汉语中的定语位置不同。 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。英语中的定语从句始终要放在被修饰的词之后，而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前。如： The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher. 先行词定语从句 昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。 二、英语从句中的句型结构比较复杂，有先行词、关系代词或关系副词。 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词或关系副词。限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系（2）。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中要充当一个成分。关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词在句中作状语。如： I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. （主语） 先行词关系代词 我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。 The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(宾语)先行词关系代词 我姐姐上周星期天给我的那本字典很贵。 The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown. (定语)
高中英语必修一语法讲解 定语从句(1)
定语从句（1） 概念引入： She is the girl who sings best of all. 她是所有人中唱得最好的。 This is the best film that I have ever seen. 这部电影是我看过的最好的一部。 He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry. 他数学考试没有及格，这使他的父亲很生气。 Give me the book whose cover is green. 把那本儿绿皮儿的书给我。 定语从句是我们初中学过的一项语法，上面这些句子与你初中学的有差别吗？是不是有点不同呢？从这个单元开始，我们将学习定语从句的升级版，但还是从头开始学哟。 语法点拨【高清课堂：定语从句一P1】， 定语从句的定义 Do you know the girl who came here yesterday? 你认识昨天来的那个女孩吗？ The book which he bought the day before yesterday is very good. 他前天买的那本书很棒。 He is the man whom we should learn from. 他就是我们应该学习的人。 Her friend whose home is very far came to see her. 她的那位家很远的朋友来看她了。 其中粗体的部分就是定语从句，划横线的部分叫做先行词，也就是被定语从句修饰的词。 定语从句：修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词。 关系词：上面例子中的关系代词who, whom, which, that是用来引导定语从句的连接词。这些连接词代替先行词在从句中担任一个成分，如主语、宾语或表语。例如：Those students who study in this school are good at football. （who代替先行词students在从句中充当主语） There is still much homework which we must finish. （which代替先行词homework在从句中充当宾语） 关系代词引导的定语从句 I. who和whom 1. who和whom代表人, 当先行词在从句中作主语时用who引导，作宾语时用whom引导。The girl who is singing is my best friend. 正在唱歌的女孩是我最好的朋友。 （who代替先行词the girl在从句中作主语） His friend who works as a doctor is very interesting. 他那当医生的朋友很有趣。
九年级英语语法定语从句专题复习
定语从句专题复习 定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose(一般指人), that（指人或物）, which(指物)等。 关系副词有： when（时间）, where(地点), why（原因）等。 （1）关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 ① who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下： Is he the man who/that wants to see you 他就是你想见的人吗（who / that在从句中作主语） He is the man (whom/ that) I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/who/that在从句中作saw的宾语,可以省略） ② whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换），例如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose/of which cover（封面）is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。 ③ which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如： Rosa likes music that/which is quite and gentle.（which / that在句中作宾语）This is the book (that/which) I'm looking for.（which / that在句中作look for 的宾语） （2）关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 ① when, where, why 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构，因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用，例如： Do you remember the day when I saw you(你还记得我见到你的那一天吗) Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born. 北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why（for which）he refused our offer 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗 ② that代替关系副词 that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和“介词+ which”引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如： His father died the year（that / when / in which）he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place（that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 （3）判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，