中国文化概论英文版Unit3答案

Unit 3 Harmony----The Fundamental Spirit of Chinese Culture Warm-up Activity

1)Haibao.

2)Better City, Better Life. Created from the Chinese character " 人," which means people, the

mascot manifests the concept that a good life should be created by all the people. The world should be supported by "people," and people should have harmonious relationships with nature and society, so that the life in cities would be better.

3)The audio tapescript:

Haibao: Mascot of Shanghai EXPO

Like the mascots for huge worldwide events such as Olympics and World Cup, Haibao, the mascot of World Expo is very important for interpreting the theme and expressing the culture.

Created from the Chinese character " 人," which means people, the mascot embodies the character of Chinese culture and echoes with theme of World Expo Shanghai "Better City, Better Life."

The structure of Chinese character , in which two strokes support each other, manifests the concept that a good life should be created by all the people, the core to push the city development as well as the most creative part in the urbanization. The world should be supported by "people," and people should have harmonious relationships with nature and society, so that the life in cities would be better.

Hair: the hair of the mascot is like the wave of the sea, which represents its open character and stated the character of its birth place Shanghai.

Face: its cartoon expression shows its confidence and friendly character.

Eye: big, round eyes show his anticipation of the city.

Blue: the color shows its latitude and imagination, which represents the rising and potential China. Body: its round body represents a well-off life, which is also lovely and cute.

Fist: he thumbs up to show the appreciation and warm welcome to the friends from all over the world.

Big feet: he stands steadily on the big feet and embraces the world with big arms, which shows China have the ability and faith to host a successful Expo.

Section A. Cultural Treasures

Task. Answer the following quesations based on the passage below.

Reference for the discussion questions:

1.退避三舍。

2.It happened during the Spring and Autumn Period. It is a story about Chong Er (重耳), the

prince of the state of Jin (晋国), who was later known as Duke Wen of the state of Jin (晋文公).

3.The idiom is now often used when someone voluntarily give way to others in order to avoid

conflict.

4.Read the following passage as quickly as you can, then discuss with your friend about the

following questions:

a)What spirit of traditional Chinese culture can be seen from this story?

This is an open question. The students’answer to this question may vary from “keeping one’s promise (践诺)”, “being righteous (重义)” to “harmony/peace enjoys priority (以和为贵)”。

b)Would you do the same thing if you were Chong Er? Why or why not?

The students’ response to this question may be of great variaty.

SectionB Cultural Knowledge Carding

Task 1. Finish the fllowing tasks based on reading the passage above.

1.(1) e, (2) f, (3) a, (4) g, (5) c, (6) d, (7) b.

2.和而不同、和谐共生、和睦相处但不随便附和、多元一体……

3.Five tones: 宫、商、角、徵(zhǐ)、羽

Five colours: 青、黄、赤、白、黑

Five flavors: 甜、酸、苦、辣、咸

4.Harmony in the area of administration, interpersonal relations, politics, economy, diplomacy,

and relations between Man and Nature.

5.This is an open question. The students’ answers may vary.

Task 2. Read the passage below and find answers to the following questions. Theories of Yin-Yang and the Five Elements

1)The yin and yang represent all the opposite principles one finds in the universe. While "yin"

would be dark, passive, downward, cold, contracting, and weak, "yang" would be bright, active, upward, hot, expanding, and strong. / Under yang are the principles of maleness, the sun, creation, heat, light, Heaven, dominance, and so on, and under yin are the principles of femaleness, the moon, completion, cold, darkness, material forms, submission, and so on.

2)Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal and Water.

3)The yin and yang accomplish changes in the universe through the five material agents, or wu

hsing, which both produce one another and overcome one another. All changes in the universe can be explained by the workings of yin and yang and the progress of the five material agents as they either produce one another or overcome one another. This production of yin from yang and yang from yin occurs cyclically and constantly, so that no one principle continually dominates the other or determines the other.

Task 3. Answer the following questions according to the passage below.

1)The answers may vary.

2)The answers may vary.

3)When the balance between Yin and Yang is damaged, disease will produce. Section C Legend Time

Task. Answer the following questions according to the passage below.

1)The students’answers may be anything similar in meaning to “determination and

perseverance in the face of seemingly impossible odds”.

2)These stories reflect the strong wish of the ancient Chinese people to overcome drought. Section D Supplementary Reading

Reference for translation:

1.要保持其作为世界最具政治和文化影响力的国家的领先地位，美国就无法忽视由中国

“和谐复兴”所倡导的21世纪“建设中国和谐社会、共建和谐世界”。

2.过去20多年经济、工业的快速增长使中国已经从一个农业大国发展成社会财富分配不

均的国家，从一个自给自足的社会转变成一个和其他发达国家一样严重依赖于境外能源和其他资源的国家。

3.一个在范围和程度上都远远超过春秋论辩时期的、真正意义上的“百花齐放、百家争鸣”

的时代也许正应运而生。

4.作为中国传统文化信仰的核心内容，“和谐”反映了人与人、人与自然、人与社会以及

国家与国家之间和谐相处、均衡发展的理念。

5.这种（一直以来）对农业的依赖导致（中国民众）更倾向于追求与自然的和谐相处，而

非向自然发起挑战。

6.君子和而不同，小人同而不和。（《论语·子路第十三》）

7.海纳百川，有容乃大。（林则徐自勉联上联，下联为“壁立千仞，无欲则刚”。）