中考英语专题复习：阅读理解经典

一、中考英语阅读理解汇编

1．阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Shenzhen, Jan 1st, 2018—Shenzhen has become the world's first city to make about 16, 359, run on electricity （电；电能）. 12,518 taxis in the city are electric ones. "We will replace （替换） the rest of the taxis with electric ones by 2020." said Mr. Chen from the government.

"I have been a driver for twenty years," said Mr. Zhang, a driver who started to drive electric buses a month ago. "We had a lot of training and passed strict exams before we were allowed to drive the electric buses."

The city has built 8, 000 charging poles （充电桩） and 501 bus charging stations. "A bus can be fully charged in two hours and the charging poles can serve 300 buses a day at our station. Since the replacement, the bus station has become quiet." said Mr. Guan, the manager of Qinghu Bus Station.

The use of electric buses and electric taxis plays an important role in making air fresher. In a year, the electric buses use 72. 9 % less energy than the traditional ones. The electric taxis will save the energy of 119, 000 tons of standard coal.

Shenzhen was one of the first 13 cities to take part in the National New-Energy Vehicle Program. In 2017, the city spent 3. 3 billion yuan on electric buses and the charging equipment （设备）. The city also encourages people to bus new-energy cars or electric cars by spending less money.（1）How many electric taxis were there in Shenzhen in January, 2018?

A. 8, 000

B. 12, 518

C. 16, 359

D. 11, 900

（2）To drive an electric bus, a driver should ________.

A. have at least 20 years' driving experience

B. charge the electric bus every day

C. take part in the National New-Energy Vehicle Program

D. have a lot of training and pass strict exams

（3）What is the influence of the replacement according to Mr. Guan?

A. 200 buses can be charged a day.

B. It causes air to be worse.

C. The bus station has become quiet.

D. People will pay more if they buy e-cars.

（4）The city encourages people to ________.

A. buy new-energy cars or electric cars by spending less money

B. spending more money in buying new cars

C. use traditional cars as long as possible

D. avoid driving electric buses

（5）The passage is most probably taken from ________.

A. a textbook

B. a diary

C. a story book

D. a news report

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

（4）A

（5）D

【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述是深圳是中国13座城市之一从事新能源工程，有望在2020年全部使用电动出租车和公交车，使空气变得更加清新。

（1）细节题。根据 12,518 taxis in the city are electric ones.可知，深圳2018年一月的电动出租车的数量达到12,218辆，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据 "We had a lot of training and passed strict exams before we were allowed to drive the electric buses.可知，电动出租车司机要进行许多培训和考试，合格者才能开电动出租车，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据 the bus station has become quiet.可知车站会变得安静，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据 The city also encourages people to bus new-energy cars or electric cars by spending less money。可知深圳市鼓励人们用更少的钱买新能源汽车或电动车，故A。（5）推断题。本文讲述深圳从事新能源工程，有望在2020年全面使用电动出租车和公交车，鼓励人们购买新能源汽车和电动车，可以推出这篇文章有可能来自新闻报道，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

2．阅读理解

Drones are a kind of machine that can fly. People use a computer to control this flying machine. Drones can do many things even without people touching them. They can carry things, go somewhere on their own and take pictures .Exports say that drone will change human life in amazing ways. Some people say this special machine will change human life as much as the car or even the computer does.

Many people around the world are using drones today. These drones can help humans solve some difficult problems. For example, filmmakers use drones to make difficult parts of films. Drones can also help to find people. If people are lost, far from home, police can use drones to find them.

In Brazil, farmers also use drones to watch their crops. Brazil has many large farms. On these farms, people find it difficult to look after all the crops. Drones can help farmers to look for crop diseases. They also help farmers use fewer farm chemical. This can help the environment and save muсh money. Реорlе th?nk thаt drоnе? w?ll bе vеrу u?еful ?n fаrm?ng ?n thе futurе.

（1）What's the meaning of the underlined word drones?

A. 电脑

B. 摄影机

C. 特斯拉

D. 无人机（2）Drones can't ?

A. carry things

B. fly

C. control computers

D. take pictures

（3）Police can use drones to ?

A. look for lost people

B. catch criminals

C. find out the truth

D. collect information （4）Drones are good for the environment because they

A. can fly high in the sky

B. can do many things without people

C. help filmmakers save money

D. help farmers use fewer farm chemicals

（5）We know from the passage that drones

A. don't need anyone to control them

B. are more useful than computers

C. can help people fight dangerous diseases

D. will play an important part in farming

【答案】（1）D

（2）C

（3）A

（4）C

（5）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了无人机的作用。

（1）词义猜测题。根据Drones are a kind of machine that can fly. People use a computer to control this flying machine，可知drones是一种可以飞行的机器，人们用计算机来控制这台飞行器，故是无人机的意思，故选D。

（2）推理题。根据People use a computer to control this flying machine，可知它是受电脑控制的，故无人机不能控制电脑，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据If people are lost, far from home, police can use drones to find them，可知警察可以用无人机寻找迷路的人，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据They also help farmers use fewer farm chemical. This can help the environment他们还帮助农民减少使用农用化学品。这有助于保护环境，可知无人机对环境有益，因为它们帮助农民减少使用农药，故选D。

（5）推理题。根据Drones can help farmers to look for crop diseases无人机可以帮助农民寻找农作物疾病，可知无人机将在农业中发挥重要作用，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。

3．请阅读下面短文，从每小段所给的A、B、C 三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项。

I'm writing this article in China, far away from my home in the United States. You might wonder what I do to remember my mom on Mother's Day. Well, I certainly call her to say "Happy Mother's Day" and promise that I will visit home soon.

I still remember the first time I forget Mother's Day. When I finally figured it out, I asked, "Why does mom get a special holiday? Why isn't there a Children's Day for us?

My mom explained, in that way that only moms seem to be able in explain, "Because every day is Children's Day!"

I knew that I had messed up. I thought about all the time and love my mom had given me. I thought about the food she had made, the toys she had brought and the long hours she had spent with me. There might not be a perfect mom, but there is mom's love, which can fix anything. After that day, for 364 days, I was looking forward to the next Mother's Day.

That was the first year l forgot Mother's Day. It was also the last year I forgot.

Are you struggling to consider what to do for your mom on Mother's Day?

Common things are to write a message that thanks for the love she has given you, send her a card or buy her a gift. But the most important thing is - DON'T FORGET!

（1）How does the writer celebrate Mother's Day this year?

A. He calls his mom.

B. He send his mom a card.

C. He visits home to see his mom.

（2）What might the underlined phrase "figure out" means?

A. 弄清楚

B. 预料到

C. 归纳出

（3）Why did the writer begin to expect Mother's Day?

A. Because he missed his mom far in the United States.

B. Because he wanted to spend more time with his mom.

C. Because he realized he had got much care from his mom.

（4）What is the purpose of the passage?

A. To explain why there isn't a Children's Day

B. To advise us not to forget to keep our own promises.

C. To remind us to remember the love mom has given us.

（5）Which is the best title for the passage?

A. An Interesting Talk

B. An Important Day

C. An Expensive Gift

【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）C

（4）C

（5）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：母爱的伟大的，我们要时刻记着，尤其是当母亲节到来的时候，给她一身问候，或者一张贺卡表达你对母亲的关爱，千万不要忘了。

（1）细节理解题，根据Well, l certainly call her to say “Happy Mother's Day”可知，作者给妈妈打电话祝贺。故答案是A。

（2）词义猜测题，由第二段段意可知，作者忘记母亲节了，后来________后，我对妈妈发问。将选项带进去可知，填“弄清楚”最合适。故答案是A。

（3）细节理解题，根据 expect Mother's Day 可以定位到 After that day，for 364 days，I was looking forward to the next Mother's Day. 往前找答案，可以总结出妈妈给了作者很多关爱，故答案是C。

（4）细节理解题，根据 Common things are to write a message that thanks for the love she has given you, send her a card or buy her a gift. But the most important thing is 一DON'T FORGET!可知，作者建议我们不要忘记母亲节，记得妈妈给我们的爱。故答案是B。

（5）标题判断题，全篇围绕母亲节这一节日话题展开，所以选An Important Day。故答案是B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、词义猜测题和标题判断题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；词义猜测题，需要根据单词所在的语境，进行合理想象，确定单词的意思；标题判断题需要在充分理解文章的基础上，总结中心思想，凝练句式，最终确定答案。

4．阅读理解

My name is Wei Hua and I'm a sporting robot of the 23rd century. I'm clever at high flying exercises. I jump from spaceships and as I fall, I turn, dive, circle and dance until I softly land as close as I can to the finishing line.

Robot competitions in the 23rd century are truly a popular sport. Fans from all over China watch their hand—held TVs when a competition comes on. Last time I took part in the 78th Olympics and I won the silver medal for my performance.

This year I was very proud to be chosen again. I wanted to meet robots from other countries and explore ideas about our sport. However, my programmer fell ill the week before we were leaving. It was very painful for her and I felt very scared. I didn't feel so confident that I would win.

The day of the competition was rather cold for my legs and my special oil began to freeze. I stopped for a moment（which I shouldn't）before I jumped from the starting place on a little spaceship, then I began my performance. At the correct moment I tried to open my parachute （降落伞）but there was a problem. It only opened a little. I began to fall faster and faster so that I could not turn, dive, circle or dance. My heart stopped beating as I landed heavily on a mountain covered with snow.

This is why I am writing to you from my hospital bed with two broken legs and a weak head. I did not win anything at the Olympics after all. I need the factory to build me two new legs and an even bigger head. Then I will be able to compete once more. Let's hope for greater success in the next Olympics!

（1）Wei Hua finished _________ in the 78th Olympics high flying sport.

A. first

B. second

C. third

D. fourth

（2）Why didn't Wei Hua feel so confident about himself before this year's game?

A. His programmer was sick.

B. He had a great pain in his leg.

C. He himself fell ill before they were leaving.

D. He couldn't meet robots from other countries.

（3）According to Paragraph 3, how many reasons led to Wei Hua's failure in the competition?

A. One.

B. Two.

C. Three.

D. Four.

（4）How is Wei Hua feeling now?

A. Full of hope.

B. Unsure about himself.

C. Heart-broken.

D. Satisfied with his result this year.

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）C

（4）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了23世纪的运动机器人魏华参加今年奥运会时失败了，希望自己

得到改善后能够在下次奥运会取得成就。

（1）细节题。根据Last time I took part in the 78th Olympics and I won the silver medal for my performance.可知魏华赢得了银奖，即第二名，故选B。

（2）细节题。根据However, my programmer fell ill the week before we were leaving. It was very painful for her and I felt very scared. I didn't feel so confident that I would win.可知程序员生病了，所以魏华是不自信的，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据my programmer fell ill the week before we were leaving. It was very painful for her and I felt very scared. I didn't feel so confident that I would win.The day of the competition was rather cold for my legs and my special oil began to freeze.At the correct moment I tried to open my parachute（降落伞）but there was a problem. It only opened a little.可知程序员生病了，所以让魏华不自信；比赛那天天气是寒冷的，魏华的油开始结冰；降落伞仅仅开了一点，三个原因让魏华比赛失败，故选C。

（4）细节题。根据Let's hope for greater success in the next Olympics!希望下一届奥运会取得更大的成功，可知魏华是充满希望的，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

5．阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

Li Shizhen（李时珍） was one of the most famous doctors in Chinese history. He was born in Qichun, Hubei in 1518.

Both of Li Shizhen's father and grandfather were doctors. Li Shizhen's grandfather was a country doctor who traveled in the countryside with a bag of herbs （药草） and medications and cured （治愈） people. His father was doctor who wrote several books.

Li Shizhen used to help his father in his medical practice when he was young. Li Shizhen's father wanted him to enter politics （从政）. Li Shizhen studied for the exams and passed the country-level examination, but he was never able to pass the imperial （帝国的） examination.

When he was 38, he cured the son of the Prince of Chu and was invited to be an official in that court （宫廷） A few years later, he became an official at the Imperial Medical Institute.

Even though he fulfilled his father's dream, he didn't want to continue working for the court.

One year later, he left the court and returned to be a doctor again.

Li Shizhen. was famous for his book, Compendium of Materia Medica《本草纲日》He spent 27 years writing the book. Unluckily, Li Shizhen died before the book was officially published. It is such a successful book. Now it is still one of the most important medical books in China.

（1）What was Li Shizhe' s grandfather?

A. An official.

B. A prince.

C. A country doctor.

D. A writer.（2）What did Li Shizhen's father want Li Shizhen to do?

A. To be a doctor.

B. To write a book.

C. To be a prince.

D. To enter politics.（3）When he was 38,Li Shizhen cured .

A. his grandfather

B. the son of the Prince of Chu

C. an official in that country

D. a famous doctor

（4）According to the passage, what was Li Shizhen famous for?

A. Working for the court.

B. The book, Compendium of Materia Medica.

C. His long traveling.

D. Curing a lot of people.

（5）What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. Li Shizhen's life.

B. Li Shizhen's grandfather's life.

C. Li Shizhen's father's life.

D. Li Shizhen's book.

【答案】（1）C

（2）D

（3）B

（4）B

（5）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了李时珍的生平。

（1）细节题。根据Li Shizhen's grandfather was a country doctor，可知李时珍的爷爷是个乡村医生，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据Li Shizhen's father wanted him to enter politics （从政）.，可知李时珍的爸爸想让李时珍从政，故选D。

（3）细节题。根据When he was 38, he cured the son of the Prince of Chu，可知李时珍38岁时治愈了楚国的王子，故选B。

（4）细节题。根据Li Shizhen. was famous for his book, Compendium of Materia Medica ，《本草纲日》，可知李时珍因为他的书《本草纲目》出名，故选B。

（5）主旨题。根据全文可知主要讲了李时珍的生平，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题和主旨题常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

6．阅读理解

There are some easy things you can do to protect the environment and the earth. Choose ideas from the list or come up with a few of your own.

·Plant flowers, grass or trees.

·Whenever you visit a park or beach, take away what you bring there-keep rubbish in a bag until you can put it in a dustbin.

·Turn off the lights, TV sets when you leave the room. This saves a lot of electricity.

·Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it run. Also, use a glass cup instead of a paper cup because this saves paper.

·Keep the doors and windows closed in winter to keep cold air in.

·Give your old books and magazines to a library instead of throwing them away.

·Give your old clothes to poor children you know instead of throwing them away.

·Use both sides of paper.

·Stop pouring dirty water into the rivers or lakes nearby.

·Encourage all your friends to do the same things you do to help protect the earth.

You don't have to wait until Earth Day to do these things. Make every day Earth Day.

If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.

（1）From the above, we know that this is .

A. a sign

B. a proposal（倡议书）

C. an advertisement

D. a notice

（2）The writer tells us .

A. to protect the environment in many ways

B. to pour dirty water into the rivers

C. to save water only by not letting it run while brushing our teeth

D. that we can't do all these things until Earth Day

（3）We can to save paper.

A. use a paper cup

B. use both sides of paper

C. give old books to a library

D. pick up waste paper at a school

（4）Which of the following is WRONG according to the writer?

A. Turn off the lights when you leave the room.

B. Close the doors and windows in winter.

C. Use a paper cup when you brush your teeth.

D. Give your old clothes to the poor children.

（5）What's the best title of the passage?

A. Protect the Earth

B. Save Water and Electricity

C. Make Better Use of Old Things

D. Save Money

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）B

（4）C

（5）A

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了如何保护环境的几种方法。

（1）主旨大意题，根据If everyone makes a contribution to protecting the environment, the world will become much more beautiful.可知，这篇文章是一份倡议书，故答案是B （2）细节理解题，根据There are some easy things you can do to protect the environment and the earth.可知保护环境有好多方法。故答案是A。

（3）细节理解题，根据Use both sides of paper.用纸的两面，可知通过这种办法可以节约用纸。故答案是B。

（4）细节理解题，根据 ·Turn off the tap when you brush your teeth. You can save some water by not letting it run. Also, use a glass cup instead of a paper cup because this saves paper.可知，刷牙的时候不要使用一次性的杯子，应使用玻璃杯子，因此C的叙述是错误的。故答案是C。

（5）标题判断题题，文章从很多方面说了怎么做才能保护我们的环境，因此本文的标题应该是保护环境。故答案是A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，本题涉及到了主旨大意题，细节理解题和标题判断题，主旨大意题需要充分理解短文，提炼出文章的中心思想，从而得到答案。细节理解题比较简单，一般可以从文中直接找到答案，而标题判断题则需要在主旨题的基础上凝练句子，确定文章的标题。

7．阅读理解

Parents of very young children know this: You catch your child in the act of stealing the cookie—the evidence（证据）of candy written on his or her face. However, you get a wide-eyed denial "I didn't do it!"

Learning to tell the truth, even at the risk of punishment, is an important part of moral （道德）development, and new research suggests it can take seven or more years for kids to get there.

Early 2017 Professor Craig E. Smith published a study. He and his workmates chose 48 children between four and nine years of age. They told the kids a story about a boy or girl doing something wrong, such as taking a classmate's toy or candy, and then either lying about the wrong doing to a parent or confessing （承认） it. In each case, they asked the children, "How would the child feel? How would the mother feel?"

The children's answers were generally divided according to age, which is in agreement with the stolen candy, lying and getting unpunished. They imagined the parent in the study would be angry with the child who confessed. However, the seven-to-nine-year-olds were more possible （可能的） to think the child would feel better confessing the crime and that the parent would have positive （积极的） feelings towards a confessor. Smith says, "kids of all ages who expect that a parent would feel happy about a child's confession are more likely to tell the truth rather than lie. Reward the honesty even if you feel you must punish the wrong action." He adds, what parents can learn from these studies is to listen calmly without getting angry right away when their child confesses.

（1）What does the underlined word "denial" in Paragraph I mean?

A. 委屈

B. 责备

C. 否认

D. 拒绝（2）Paragraph 2 mainly tell us .

A. kids can't tell "right" from "wrong"

B. it takes time for kids to learn to tell the truth

C. it's wrong to punish kids for telling the truth

D. all the kids are willing to confess to a bad act

（3）What did Professor Smith and his workmates find in their study?

A. Older kids are more possible than younger children to confess to a bad act.

B. Younger children are more possible than older kids to confess to a bad act.

C. The four-to-five-year-olds would feel better confessing the crime

D. The seven-to-nine-year-olds thought parents would be angry with their confessions.

（4）According to Professor Smith, what can parents learn from these studies?

A. Parents should at once punish the children who lied.

B. Parents should tell children the wrongness of lying.

C. Parents should never get angry after their children's confessions.

D. Parents should show positive feeling about their children's confessions.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文讲述了孩子做错事该诚实还是说谎，最后给了父母几点建议。（1）推断题。根据后文提到 I didn't do it 可知，划横线单词的意思为否定，故选C。（2）主旨题。根据第二段的意义可知，诚实对孩子而言需要花费时间养成，故选B。（3）推断题。根据文章提到的However, the seven-to-nine-year-olds were more possible to think the child would feel better confessing the crime and that the parent would have positive feelings towards a confessor 可知，大一点的孩子会选择承认自己的错误，故选A。（4）细节题。根据文章提到的 He adds, what parents can learn from these studies is to listen calmly without getting angry right away when their child confesses 可知，父母不该惩罚诚实的孩子，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

8．根据表格所提供的信息选择最佳答案。

The Volunteers for the Ice and Snow Festival

Name

Item

Jack

Du Yue Mike Zhang Na

Age25283128 Nationality American Chinese English Chinese

Job Coach Nurse Singer Tour guide Personality Friendly Quiet Humorous Outgoing

Volunteering experience （s）Helping during the

City At Festival in

2016

Volunteering at an

animal hospital in

2013 and 2015

Teaching children

music at school in

the countryside

Working at an

animal care

centre twice

Word Box：item项目；personality性格

（1）Jack helped during the City Art Festival .

A. in 2013

B. in 2015

C. in 2016

（2）Mike is Zhang Na.

A. three years older than

B. as old as

C. three years younger than

（3）Du Yue and Zhang Na .

A. have similar volunteering experiences

B. come from different countries

C. have the same personality

（4）If someone is hurt during the Ice and Snow Festival, may be the most suitable to help.

A. Jack

B. Du Yue

C. Mike

（5）Which of the following is TRUE according to the form（表格）above?

A. Mike who taught children music is humorous.

B. The two girls volunteered at the Olympics.

C. Jack from England is a tour guide.

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）A

（4）B

（5）A

【解析】【分析】主要讲了冰雪节的一些志愿者信息。

（1）细节题。根据Jack这一竖排中Helping during the City Art Festival in 2016，可知在2016年帮助常识艺术家，故选C。

（2）细节题。根据Age这一横排中可知Mike年龄是31岁，Zhang Na年龄是28岁，Mike 比Zhang Na大3岁，故选A。

（3）细节题。根据Volunteering experience（s）这一横排中可知Du Yue和Zhang Na可知她们都在宠物医院工作过，所以她们有相似的工作经验，故选A。

（4）细节题。根据Job这一栏可知Du Yue工作是护士，所以在冰雪节有人受伤时她可以帮助，故选B。

（5）细节题。根据Mike这一竖排Teaching children music at school in the countryside和Humorous可知Mike在学校教孩子音乐，并且性格是幽默的，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。

9．阅读理解

A doctor entered the hospital hurriedly after being called in for an important surgery（外科手术）.He found the boy's father in the hall waiting worriedly.

On seeing him, the father cried out, "Why did you take all this time to come？Don't you know that my son is in danger？Don't you have any sense of duty？"

The doctor smiled and said, "I am sorry. I wasn't in the hospital and I came as fast as I could after receiving the call and now, I wish you'd calm down so that I can do my work."

"Calm down？！What if your son was in this room right now？Would you calm down？If your own son dies while waiting for a doctor, then what will you do？"said the father angrily. The doctor smiled again and replied, "We will do our best and you should also pray for your son's healthy life."

The surgery took some hours after which the doctor went out happily, "Thank goodness！Your son is saved！"And without waiting for the father's reply he carried on his way running by saying, "If you have any questions, ask the nurse."

"Couldn't he wait some minutes so that I can ask about my son's state？"shouted the father when seeing the nurse minutes after the doctor left.

The nurse answered, tears coming down her face, "His son died yesterday in a road accident. He was at the burial（葬礼）when we called him for your son's surgery. And now that he saved your son's life, he left running to finish his son's burial."

（1）What did the doctor do after he received the call for the surgery?

A. He asked another doctor to do his duty.

B. He went to the hospital as soon as possible.

C. He discussed the boy's state with the father.

D. He waited until his son's burial was finished.

（2）The father shouted at the doctor because he thought .

A. he had waited too long

B. no one cared for his son

C. the doctor was cold to him

D. the surgery took a long time

（3）Who told the truth to the father in the end？

A. The doctor.

B. The nurse.

C. His son.

D. A patient.（4）What is the best title for the text？

A. Seeing is believing

B. Time waits for no man

C. Practice makes perfect

D. Think before you decide

【答案】（1）B

（2）A

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文讲述一个医生被医院招回来救一个孩子，他的父亲误解医生冷血，做完手术后这个父亲才明白原来医生刚刚在车祸中失去了儿子，告诉我们，宽容待人，不要武断。

（1）细节题。根据 A doctor entered the hospital hurriedly after being called in for an important surgery 一位医生在被叫去做一个重要的手术后匆忙进入医院可知，医生接到手术电话后他尽快去了医院，故选B。

（2）推理题。根据 the father cried out, "Why did you take all this time to come 父亲喊道，“你为什么花这么长时间来？，可知父亲对医生大喊大叫，因为他认为他等得太久了，故选A。

（3）推理题。根据The nurse answered, tears coming down her face 护士泪流满面的告诉他......，可知护士最后告诉了父亲真相，故选B。

（4）主旨题。根据本文讲述一个医生被医院招回来救一个孩子，他的父亲误解医生冷血，做完手术后这个父亲才明白原来医生刚刚在车祸中失去了儿子，告诉我们，宽容待人，不要武断，可知 Think before you decide适合做标题，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

10．根据短文内容，判断正误。

I was 15 months old, a happy and carefree kid, until the day I fell. It was a bad fall. I landed on a piece of glass that cut my eye badly. From then on, my injured, sightless, cloudy gray eye lived on with me.

Sometimes people asked me embarrassing （使人难堪的） questions. Whenever kids played

games, I was the "monster". I was always imagining that everyone looked down on（瞧不起）me. Yet mum would say to me, "Hold your head up high and face the world." I began to depend on that saying. As a child, I thought mum meant, "Be careful，or you will fall down or bump into something because you are not looking. "As a teenager, I usually looked down to hide my shame. But I found that when I held my head up high, people liked me.

In high school, I even became the class president, but inside I still felt like a monster. All I really wanted was to look like everyone else. When things got really bad, I would cry to my mum and she would look at me with loving eyes and say," Hold your head up high and face the world. Let them see the beauty that is inside instead of your appearance（外貌） ."

My mum's love was the sunshine that made me bright. I had faced hard times, and learned not only to be confident（自信的） but also to have deep compassion（同情） for others. "Hold your head up high "has been heard many times in my home. I say it to my children. The gift my mum gave me will live on.

（1）The writer imagined that everyone looked down on her because of her appearance. （2）People always asked her embarrassing questions.

（3）The writer's mum said "Hold your head up high" to her to make her more confident. （4）The writer understood the saying very well as a child.

（5）The writer is living with a warm and brave heart now.

【答案】（1）1

（2）0

（3）1

（4）0

（5）1

【解析】【分析】本文讲了作者小时候因眼睛受伤导致外貌变丑而心情低落，在妈妈的帮助之下改变自己并变得自信的故事。

（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Whenever kids played games, I was the "monster". I was always imagining that everyone looked down on me，可知作者总是想象每个人会因为她的外貌而瞧不起她，故答案为正确。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Sometimes people asked me embarrassing questions，可知有时候人们会问使人难堪的的问题，而always意为总是，故答案为错误。

（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段My mum's love was the sunshine that made me bright. I had faced hard times, and learned not only to be confident but also to have deep compassion for others，妈妈的爱是照亮我的阳光，我面对困难，不仅学会了自信而且学会了深切的同情别人，可知妈妈让作者抬头是为了让她更自信，故答案为正确。

（4）细节理解题。根据第二段As a child, I thought mum meant, "Be careful，or you will fall down or bump into something because you are not looking. "小时候，我认为妈妈的意思是：要小心，否则你会摔倒或者碰到什么东西因为你没有在看路，可知作者小时候不理解这句谚语，故答案为错误。

（5）细节理解题。根据最后一段"Hold your head up high "has been heard many times in my home.I say it to my children. The gift my mum gave me will live on，“抬起你的头”这句话在我

家听到过很多次，我也跟我的孩子们说，我妈妈给我的礼物将会永存，可知作者现在带着一颗温暖并勇敢的心生活，故答案为正确。

【点评】考查阅读理解，注意理解文章大意，根据题目去文章找到对应的信息，进行理解判断。

11．阅读理解

No matter who you are and where you live, the most important thing is what kind of person you are. There are many good qualities （品质） that can benefit you a lot in your life. Among them, the following qualities are the most helpful ones.

Have a positive attitude（态度）. Life is not always a bed of roses. When you face difficulties, don't lose heart. Do you know what can help you overcome difficulties？ It's your attitude. Cheer up！ Life is like a mirror. When you smile in front of it, it will also smile at you.

Keep learning. Maybe you are used to your present life. Every day you have so much work to do that you can't find any time to learn. However, the world around you is changing all the time. Never be satisfied with yourself, or you will fall behind others. Keeping learning can help you get success in the future.

Be creative. In the modern world, the students who have creative thinking are needed most. Being creative means coming up with new ideas and having creative imagination. Those who are creative have more choices in their life.

Be honest and keep your promise. Honesty is the best policy（原则）. Nobody likes a person who tells lies. The one who keeps his words is popular everywhere.

As long as you have these qualities mentioned above, you will be excellent and make a difference to the world. Albert Einstein once said, "Try not to become a man of success but rather try to become a man of value."

（1）From the passage, we know that _____can help you overcome difficulties.

A. roses

B. attitude

C. mirrors

D. learning

（2）The underlined word "benefit" probably means ____in Chinese in this passage.

A. 影响

B. 补贴

C. 有益

D. 救济（3）In the writer's opinion, there are _____qualities that can benefit you most in your life.

A. three

B. four

C. five

D. six

（4）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？

A. Since there is too much work to do, you needn't find time to learn.

B. If you think creatively, you will have more chances to choose in your life.

C. When you keep your words, you usually promise to do what you have said.

D. Albert Einstein thought we should become a man of value.

（5）Which one might be the best title of this passage？

A. Keeping Your Promise

B. Being a Man of Success

C. Trying to Think Creatively

D. The Most Helpful Qualities of a Man

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）B

（4）A

（5）D

【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介绍了人应该具有的四种品质：积极的态度，持续学习，有创造力和诚实守信。

（1）细节理解题题，根据When you face difficulties, don't lose heart.Do you know what can help you overcome difficulties？ It's your attitude. Cheer up！可知态度会帮你克服困难，故答案是B。

（2）词义猜测题，根据There are many good qualities （品质） that can benefit you a lot in your life.可知是好的品质在生活中对你有益，所以单词的意思是“有益”，故答案是C。

（3）数字计算题，根据短文内容可知作者介绍了积极的态度，持续学习，有创造力和诚实守信四种好的品质，故答案是B。

（4）正误判断题，根据Every day you have so much work to do that you can't find any time to learn. However, the world around you is changing all the time. Never be satisfied with yourself, or you will fall behind others. Keeping learning can help you get success in the future.可知，世界在变化，一定要找时间学习，因此工作多，不必找时间学习是错误的，故答案是A。

（5）标题判断题，根据文章内容可知，短文主要介绍了对人有帮助作用的四个品质，所以标题为“人的最有帮助作用的品质”，故答案是D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、正误判断题、词义猜测题、数字计算题、标题判断题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；正误判断题同属于细节理解题，需要根据文章内容做出正误判定；词义猜测题需要结合具体语境，推出未知单词的意思；数字计算题需要根据短文中提供的数字进行简单的数学计算，得出结论；标题判断题需要在充分理解文章的基础上归纳文章中心，凝练句式得出结论。

12．阅读理解

Have you ever stayed in a hotel? Most Chinese hotels often provide guests with things like disposable （一次性的） toothbrushes, toothpaste, shampoo and slippers. Many guests like the idea because they don't have to bring their own. But, if you travel to Beijing, remember to bring your own things. Starting from June, some hotels in Beijing will no longer provide guests with these disposables. They want to ask people to use less disposable things.

Many disposable things are made of plastic. People throw them away after only using them once. It is a waste of natural resources （资源） and is very bad for the environment. Do you know, one Chinese person makes as much as 400kg of waste a year! Most of that waste comes from disposable things. In Beijing, people throw away about 19,000 tons of plastic bags and 1,320 tons of plastic lunch bowls every year! Plastic can take between 100 and 400 years to break down. So the less plastic we throw out, the better. So, wherever you travel, bring your own things and use them again and again.

Back at home and school, you can also do something to make our world a better place. Try to

do these things in your daily life: Use cloth shopping bags, not plastic ones. After using a plastic bag, wash it out and let it dry. Then you can use it over and over again. Do not use paper cups. At your school canteen（食堂）, use your own bowl and chopsticks instead of disposable ones.（1）Why do many hotels provide guests with some disposable things?

A. Let their guests be convenient during their travelling.

B. Hope their guests use less disposable things.

C. Wish their guests to save money.

D. Want their guests to use more disposable things.

（2）Some Beijing hotels will no longer provide guests with ____.

A. cheap food and drink

B. disposable things

C. good service

D. free TV programs （3）Which of the following is NOT true?

A. Many disposable things are made of plastic.

B. Throwing disposable things away is a waste of natural resources.

C. Plastic is very bad for the environment.

D. Plastic breaks down easily.

（4）What can we do to make our world a better place at home and school?

A. Use shopping bags made of plastic.

B. Do not throw away paper cups.

C. Use disposable plates, bowls and chopsticks.

D. Do not forget to reuse daily necessities（日用品）.

（5）We can tell from the story that ____.

A. people don't like disposable things at all

B. we can't use paper or plastic bowls at school

C. we should use less plastic things and protect our environment

D. hotels won't provide disposable things because they want to save money

【答案】（1）A

（2）B

（3）D

（4）D

（5）C

【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述一次性用品浪费自然资源而且对环境有害，北京的一些酒店将不再为客人提供这些一次性用品。他们想让人们少用一次性用品。倡导人们用布制购物袋而不用塑料袋。

（1）推断题。根据Many guests like the idea because they don't have to bring their own.可知，让他们的客人在其旅游中方便，故选A。

（2）细节题。根据some hotels in Beijing will no longer provide guests with these disposables.可知，一些北京旅馆将不再给顾客提供一次性用品，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据Plastic can take between 100 and 400 years to break down.可知，塑料要花费100到400年才分解，所以不容易分解，故选D。

（4）推断题。根据So, wherever you travel, bring your own things and use them again and

again.可知，让我们的世界在家里和学校变得更美好，我们应该重复使用日用品，故选D。（5）主旨题。本文主要讲述为了保护我们的环境我们应该少用塑料用品，故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题、推断题和主旨题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

13．阅读理解

Hover Camera

Wang Mengqiu, the inventor of Hover Camera, was born in Hangzhou in 1982. He once studied at Stanford University in the United States. He became famous overnight （一夜成名）because of the invention.

Forget selfie sticks（自拍杆）! Compared with other cameras, Hover Camera has many advantages.

*It can fly and stay in midair, track your face and even follow you to make sure it gets the perfect picture.

*It can be controlled by using a smartphone.

*It records movements with a 13MP camera and takes 4K video.

*It is the best choice for weddings, sports games and holidays.

Mr. Wang also said, "The main design consideration is easy and safe to take for the users. It's .very light and small. It can be folded（折叠） in two, so it can be easily put into a bag. When the power is low, it can land on the ground safely on its own. "

It's reported that the company has raised $ 25 million to produce it. Hover Camera can be bought now. The price is $ 599.

（1）Hover Camera can.

A. swim in the water

B. fly in midair

C. change its weight

D. be used as a phone （2）The underlined word "track" means "___________".

A. pull

B. follow

C. push

D. show

（3）According to the passage, why is Hover Camera easy and safe to take?

A. Because it's light and small.

B. Because it can be folded in three.

C. Because it doesn't need power.

D. Because only a smartphone can make it land.

（4）Which is NOT mentioned in the passage?

A. How can we control Hover Camera?

B. When can we buy Hover Camera?

C. How much is Hover Camera?

D. How popular will Hover Camera be?

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）A

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了一种可以飞到半空中并悬浮在那的相机。

（1）细节题。根据文中列举的好处中的第一条 It can fly and stay in mid-air，可知它可以飞到半空中并悬浮在那，故选B。

（2）词义猜测题。根据文中列举的好处中的第一条track your face and even follow you to make sure it gets the perfect picture，追随着你的脸，甚至会跟随你，以确保它得到了完美的照片，故可知track词义与follow相近，故选B。

（3）细节题。根据倒数第三段Mr. Wang also said，"The main design consideration is easy and safe to take for the users. It's very light and small．王先生说："这个主要的考虑是使用者携带它的时候很容易也很安全，很轻而且小巧，故选A。

（4）细节题。A选项：根据文中列举的好处中的第二条It can be controlled by using a smartphone，它能被智能手机所控制，故排除A．B选项：根据倒数第二段Hover Camera can be bought later this year它可以在年底购买，故排除B,C选项：根据倒数第一段But a spokesman says the company hopes to sell it for less than $600，可知价格也有被提到，故选D。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。

14．阅读理解

A British company has made a new product to help us save money. The product is a wristband that gives us an electric shock if we spend too much money. The wristband is called Pavlok. It is linked to our bank account. It knows how much money we have in the bank. If we go shopping and there is not enough money in our bank account, the wristband makes an electric shock on our wrists. This warns us not to overspend. The company is called Intelligent Environments. It wants to work with banks to help customers with their money. So far, no banks in Britain have said they would ask their customers to wear Pavlok. They could start doing this in the future.

The Pavlok wristband is part of the Internet of Things. This is the idea that everything in our life will be connected to the Internet. The CEO of Intelligent Environments, David Webber, said people liked the idea of the Pavlok. Shoppers would rather get a small electric shock in the store from the wristband than get a big shock later when they see their bank account. Mr. Webber said the Pavlok would be great for people who cannot stop spending because they have no power or their power is weak. He added that many young people have the "ostrich effect". This is when people put their heads in the sand and buy things rather than look at how much money they have in their bank accounts.

（1）The company made the product to help itself _________.

A. make money

B. save money

C. spend money

D. rob money

（2）The wristband has to work with _________.

A. shops

B. doctors

C. banks

D. Intelligent Environments

（3）Mr. Webber thinks the wristband is _________.

A. helpless

B. great

C. a big surprise

D. cheap

（4）You can read this passage in a _________.

A. health magazine

B. science magazine

C. sports magazine

D. weather report

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了英国生产的帮助人们省钱的工具——腕带，如果你花钱多了，它会电击你，它是互联网的一部分。

（1）逻辑推理题，公司的目的是赚钱，他生产这种东西就为为了赚钱，故答案是A。（2）细节理解题，根据It is linked to our bank account.可知它跟银行账户关联，故答案是C。

（3）逻辑推理题，根据最后一段的陈述可知，韦伯认为这种产品很棒，故答案是B。（4）文章出处题，这是一篇科普性的文章，应出现在科学杂志上，故答案是B。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、逻辑推理题和文章出处题。细节理解题可以直接从文中寻找答案；逻辑推理题需要结合具体语境，有已知内容推出未知的可能的事实；文章出处题需要根据文章内容来判断文章的来源。

15．阅读理解

For more than six million American children, coming home after school means coming to an empty house. Some deal with the situation by watching TV. Some may hide. But all of them have something in common. They spend part of each day alone. They are called "latchkey children". They're children who look after themselves while their parents are working. And their bad condition has become a subject of concern.

Lynette Long was once the headmistress of an elementary school. She said, "We had a school rule against wearing jewellery. A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys fastened. I was constantly telling them to put them inside their shirts. There were so many keys. It never came to my mind what they meant," Slowly, she learned they were house keys.

She and her husband began talking to the children who had them. They learned of the impact （影响） working couples and single parents were having on their children. Fear is the biggest problem faced by children at home alone. One in each three latchkey children the Longs talked to reported being scared. Many had nightmares and were worried about their own safety.

The most common way latchkey children deal with their fears is by hiding. It might be in a shower stall, under a bed, or in a closet. The second is TV. They'll often play it at high volume. It's hard to get statistics（统计数据）on latchkey children, the Longs learned. Most parents are

slow to admit they leave their children alone.

（1）The main idea about latchkey children is that they _________________.

A. are growing in numbers

B. suffer problems from being left alone

C. watch too much TV during the day

D. are also found in middle class neighbourhoods （2）Which sentence in the second paragraph is the topic sentence?

A. We had a school rule against wearing jewellery.

B. A lot of kids had chains around their necks with keys fastened.

C. Slowly, she learned they were house keys.

D. I was constantly telling them to put them inside their shirts.

（3）he main feeling these children have when they are at home by themselves is _________________.

A. tiredness

B. freedom

C. loneliness

D. fear

（4）The Longs' study was mainly on _________________.

A. lonely children who have single parents

B. children whose parents are working or who have one parent only

C. children who have the problem of fear

D. parents who are working far from their homes

（5）We may draw a conclusion（结论） that _________________.

A. it's difficult to find out how many latchkey children there are

B. latchkey children try to hide their feelings

C. latchkey children often watch TV with their parents

D. latchkey children enjoy having such a large amount of time alone

【答案】（1）B

（2）C

（3）D

（4）B

（5）A

【解析】【分析】本文介绍了美国一些“钥匙儿童”的生活情况这一社会问题。

（1）推理题。根据 their bad condition has become a subject of concern 他们的糟糕状况已经成为人们关注的话题可知，关于钥匙儿童的主要观点是他们独自一人会有问题，故选B。（2）主旨题。根据 Slowly, she learned they were house keys 可知，慢慢地，她了解到它们是房子的钥匙是第二段的主题句子，故选C。

（3）细节题。根据 Fear is the biggest problem faced by children at home alone 可知，这些孩子独自在家时的主要感觉是害怕，故选D。

（4）细节题。根据They learned of the impact（影响）working couples and single parents were having on their children 可知，主要研究父母在工作或只有一个父母的孩子，故选B。（5）推理题。根据 It's hard to get statistics（统计数据） on latchkey children 可知，结论是很难查出有多少挂钥匙的孩子，故选A。

【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找