2014年专八真题及答案

2014年专业八级考试原题及答案

PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)

SECTION A MINI-LECTURE

In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.

Writing a Research Paper

I. Research Papers and Ordinary Essay

A. Similarity in (1) __________:

e.g. —choosing a topic

—asking questions

—identifying the audience

B. Difference mainly in terms of (2) ___________

1. research papers: printed sources

2. ordinary essay: ideas in one's (3) ___________

II. Types and Characteristics of Research Papers

A. Number of basic types: two

B. Characteristics:

1. survey-type paper:

—to gather (4) ___________

—to quote

—to (5) _____________

The writer should be (6) ___________.

2. argumentative (research) paper:

a. The writer should do more, e.g.

—to interpret

—to question, etc.

b. (7) _________varies with the topic, e.g.

—to recommend an action, etc.

III. How to Choose a Topic for a Research Paper

In choosing a topic, it is important to (8) __________.

Question No. 1: your familiarity with the topic

Question No. 2: Availability of relevant information on the chosen topic Question No. 3: Narrowing the topic down to (9) _________

Question No. 4: Asking questions about (10) ___________

The questions help us to work out way into the topic and discover its possibilities. SECTION B INTERVIEW

In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on

your coloured answer sheet.

Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.

1. What is the purpose of Professor McKay's report?

A. To look into the mental health of old people.

B. To explain why people have negative views on old age.

C. To help correct some false beliefs about old age.

D. To identify the various problems of old age

2. Which of the following is NOT Professor McKay's view?

A. People change in old age a lot more than at the age of 21.

B. There are as many sick people in old age as in middle age.

C. We should not expect more physical illness among old people.

D. We should not expect to find old people unattractive as a group.

3. According to Professor McKay's report,

A. family love is gradually disappearing.

B. it is hard to comment on family feeling.

C. more children are indifferent to their parents.

D. family love remains as strong as ever.

4. Professor McKay is ________ towards the tendency of more parents living apart from their children.

A. negative

B. positive

C. ambiguous

D. neutral

5. The only popular belief that Professor McKay is unable to provide evidence against is

A. old-age sickness.

B. loose family ties.

C. poor mental abilities.

D. difficulities in maths.

SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST

In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.

Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.

6. Scientists in Brazil have used frog skin to

A. eliminate bacteria.

B. treat burns.

C. Speed up recovery.

D. reduce treatment cost.

Question 7 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.

7. What is NOT a feature of the new karaoke machine?

A. It is featured by high technology.

B. It allows you to imitate famous singers.

C. It can automatically alter the tempo and tone of a song.

D. It can be placed in specially designed theme rooms.

Question 8 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.

8. China's Internet users had reached _________ by the end of June.

A. 68 million

B. 8.9 million

C. 10 million

D. 1.5 million

Question 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.

9. According to the WTO, Chinese exports rose _________ last year.

A. 21%

B. 10%

C. 22%

D. 4.73

10. According to the news, which trading nation in the top 10 has reported a 5 per cent fall in exports?

A. The UK.

B. The US.

C. Japan.

D. Germany.

PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)

TEXT A

I remember meeting him one evening with his pushcart. I had managed to sell all my papers and was coming home in the snow. It was that strange hour in downtown New York when the workers were pouring homeward in the twilight.

I marched among thousands of tired men and women whom the factory whistles had unyoked. They flowed in rivers through the clothing factory districts, then down along the avenues to the East Side.

I met my father near Cooper Union. I recognized him, a hunched, frozen figure in an old overcoat standing by a banana cart. He looked so lonely, the tears came to my eyes. Then he saw me, and his face lit with his sad, beautiful smile -Charlie Chaplin's smile.

"Arch, it's Mikey," he said. "So you have sold your papers! Come and eat a banana."

He offered me one. I refused it. I felt it crucial that my father sell his bananas, not give them away. He thought I was shy, and coaxed and joked with me, and made me eat the banana. It smelled of wet straw and snow.

"You haven't sold many bananas today, pop," I said anxiously.

He shrugged his shoulders.

"What can I do? No one seems to want them."

It was true. The work crowds pushed home morosely over the pavements. The rusty sky darkened over New York building, the tall street lamps were lit, innumerable trucks, street cars and elevated trains clattered by. Nobody and nothing in the great city stopped for my father's bananas.

"I ought to yell," said my father dolefully. "I ought to make a big noise like other peddlers, but it makes my throat sore. Anyway, I'm ashamed of yelling, it makes me feel like a fool. "

I had eaten one of his bananas. My sick conscience told me that I ought to pay for it somehow. I must remain here and help my father.

"I'll yell for you, pop," I volunteered.

"Arch, no," he said, "go home; you have worked enough today. Just tell momma I'll be late."

But I yelled and yelled. My father, standing by, spoke occasional words of praise, and said I was a wonderful yeller. Nobody else paid attention. The workers drifted past us wearily, endlessly; a defeated army wrapped in dreams of home. Elevated trains crashed; the Cooper Union clock burned above us; the sky grew black, the wind poured, the slush burned through our shoes. There were thousands of strange, silent figures pouring over the sidewalks in snow. None of them stopped to buy bananas. I yelled and yelled, nobody listened.

My father tried to stop me at last. "Nu," he said smiling to console me, "that was wonderful yelling. Mikey. But it's plain we are unlucky today! Let's go home."

I was frantic, and almost in tears. I insisted on keeping up my desperate yells. But at last my father persuaded me to leave with him.

11. "unyoked" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to

A. sent out

B. released

C. dispatched

D. removed

12. Which of the following in the first paragraph does NOT indicated crowds of people?

A.Thousands of

B. Flowed

C. Pouring

D. Unyoked

13. Which of the following is intended to be a pair of contrast in the passage?

A. Huge crowds and lonely individuals.

B. Weather conditions and street lamps.

C. Clattering trains and peddlers' yells.

D. Moving crowds and street traffic.

14. Which of the following words is NOT suitable to describe the character of the son?

A. Compassionate

B. Responsible

C. Shy

D. Determined

15. What is the theme of the story?

A. The misery of the factory workers.

B. How to survive in a harsh environment.

C. Generation gap between the father and the son.

D. Love between the father and the son.

16. What is the author's attitude towards the father and the son?

A. Indifferent

B. Sympathetic

C. Appreciative

D. Difficult to tell

TEXT B

When former President Ronald Reagan fell and broke his hip two weeks ago, he joined a group of more than 350,000 elderly Americans who fracture their hips each year. At 89 and suffering from advanced Alzheimer's disease, Reagan is in one of the highest-risk groups for this type of accident. The incidence of hip

fractures not only increases after age 50 but doubles every five to six years as the risk of falling increases. Slipping and tumbling are not the only causes of hip fractures; weakened bones sometimes break spontaneously. But falling is the major cause, representing 90% of all hip fractures. These... ...

17. The following are all specific measures to guard against injuries with the EXCEPTION of

A. removal of throw rugs.

B. easy access to devices

C. installation of grab bars

D. re-arrangement of furniture

18. In which paragraph does the author state his purpose of writing?

A. The third paragraph

B. The first paragraph

C. The last paragraph

D. The last but one paragraph

19. The main purpose of the passage is to

A. offer advice on how to prevent hip fractures

B. emphasize the importance of health precautions

C. discuss the seriousness of hip fractures.

D. identify the causes of hip fractures.

TEXT C

In his classic novel, "The Pioneers", James Fenimore Cooper has his hero, a land developer, take his cousin on a tour of the city he is building. He describes the broad streets, rows of houses, a teeming metropolis. But his cousin looks around bewildered. All she sees is a forest. "Where are the beauties and improvements which you were to show me?" she asks. He's astonished she can't see them. "Where! Everywhere," he replies. For though they are not yet built on earth, he has built them in his mind, and they as concrete to him as if they were already constructed and finished.

Cooper was illustrating a distinctly American trait, future-mindedness: the ability to see the present from the vantage point of the future; the freedom to feel unencumbered by the past and more emotionally attached to things to come. As Albert Einstein once said, "Life for the American is always becoming, never being."... ...

20. The third paragraph examines America's future-mindedness from the _________ perspective.

A. future

B. realistic

C. historical

D. present

21. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT brought about by future-mindedness?

A. Economic stagnation

B. Environmental destruction

C. High divorce rates

D. Neglect of history

22. The word "pooh-pooh" in the sixth paragraph means

A. appreciate

B. praise

C. shun

D. ridicule

23. According to the passage, people at present can forecast ________ of a new round of future-mindedness.

A. the nature

B. the location

C. the variety

D. the features

24. The author predicts in the last paragraph that the study of future-mindedness will focus on

A. how it comes into being

B. how it functions

C. what it brings about

D. what it is related to.

TEXT D

25. The phrase "men's sureness of their sex role" in the first paragraph suggests that they

A. are confident in their ability to charm women.

B. take the initiative in courtship.

C. have a clear idea of what is considered "manly".

D. tend to be more immoral than women are.

26. The third paragraph does NOT claim that men

A. prevent women from taking up certain professions.

B. secretly admire women's intellect and resolution.

C. doubt whether women really mean to succeed in business.

D. forbid women to join certain clubs and societies.

27. The third paragraph

A. generally agrees with the first paragraph

B. has no connection with the first paragraph

C. repeats the argument of the second paragraph

D. contradicts the last paragraph

28. At the end of the last paragraph the author uses humorous exaggeration in order to

A. show that men are stronger than women

B. carry further the ideas of the earliest paragraphs

C. support the first sentence of the same paragraph

D. disown the ideas he is expressing

29. The usual idea of the cave man in the last paragraph

A. is based on the study of archaeology

B. illustrates how people expect men to behave

C. is dismissed by the author as an irrelevant joke

D. proves that the man, not woman, should be the wooer

30. The opening quotation from Margaret Mead sums up a relationship between man and woman which the author

A. approves of

B. argues is natural

C. completely rejects

D. expects to go on changing

PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)

31. ______ is the capital city of Canada.

A. Vancouver

B. Ottawa

C. Montreal

D. York

32. U.S. presidents normally serves a (an) _________term.

A. two-year

B. four-year

C. six-year

D. eight-year

33. Which of the following cities is NOT located in the Northeast, U.S.?

A. Huston.

B. Boston.

C. Baltimore.

D. Philadelphia.

34. ________ is the state church in England.

A. The Roman Catholic Church.

B. The Baptist Church

C. The Protestant Church

D. The Church of England

35. The novel Emma is written by

A. Mary Shelley.

B. Charlotte Bront?.

C. Elizabeth C. Gaskell.

D. Jane Austen.

36. Which of following is NOT a romantic poet?

A. William Wordsworth.

B. George Elliot.

C. George G. Byron.

D. Percy B. Shelley.

37. William Sidney Porter, known as O. Henry, is most famous for

A. his poems.

B. his plays.

C. his short stories.

D. his novels

38. Syntax is the study of

A. language functions.

B. sentence structures.

C. textual organization.

D. word formation.

39. Which of the following is NOT a distinctive feature of human language?

A. Arbitrariness. 任意性

B. Productivity. 丰富性

C. Cultural transmission. 文化传播性

D. Finiteness. 局限性？

40. The speech act theory was first put forward by

A. John Searle.

B. John Austin.

C. Noam Chomsky.

D. M.A.K. Halliday.

【改错】

The University as Business

A number of colleges and universities have announced steep

tuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,

very low, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because

of a loss in value of university endowments' heavily investing in common ___1

stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizes

its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the ___2

outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of ___3

business firms. The rise in tuitions mayreflect the fact economic uncertainty ___4

increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of being

in the school is foregoing income from a job (this isprimarily a factor in ___5

graduate and professional-school tuition); the poor one' s job prospects, ___6

the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,

in order to make oneself more marketable. The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students ___7

include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving students

a governance role, and eliminate required courses. ___8

Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as

customers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the ___9

rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of the

athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the best

athletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries earlier

from professional teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust authorities,

the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the best students, by

agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit rather than purely

of need-just like business firms agreeing not to give discounts on their best ___10

customer.

PART V TRANSLATION （60 MIN）

SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH

Translate the following text into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.

一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗？提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难；但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待劳动、工作等等的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。

古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多劳动、多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间白白地浪费掉。我国历代的劳动人民及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。

部分译文：Accomplished men of all ages treat their lives very seriously. As long as they are living, they always labor, work, and study as hard as possible, unwilling to spend time in vain, let alone waste even a single moment of their lives.

SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE

Translate the following underlined part of the text into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE.

It is simple enough to say that since books have classes fiction, biography,poetry—we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us. Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds, asking of fiction that it shall be true, of poetry that it shall be false, of biography that it shall be flattering, of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconception when we read, that would be an admirable beginning. Do not dictate to your author; try to become him. Be his fellow

first, you are preventing yourself from getting the fullest possible value from what you read. But if you open your mind as widely as possible, then signs and hints of almost imperceptible finess, from the twist and turn of the first sentences, will bring you into the presence of a human being unlike any other. Steep yourself in this, acquaint yourself with this, and soon you will find that your author is giving you, or attempting to give you, something far more definite.

谈读书

既然书籍有不同的门类，如小说、传记、诗歌等，我们就应该把它们区分开来，并从每种中汲取它应当给我们提供的正确的东西;这话说起来固然容易，然而，很少有人要求从书籍中得到它们所能提供的东西，通常我们总是三心二意地带着模糊的观念去看书：要求小说情节

真实，要求诗歌内容虚构，要求传记阿谀奉承，要求历史能加深我们自己的偏见。如果我们读书时能抛弃所有这些成见，那将是一个极可贵的开端。我们对作者不要指手划脚，而应努力站在作者的立场上，设想自己在与作者共同创作。假如你退缩不前，有所保留并且一开始就批评指责，你就在妨碍自己从你所读的书中得到最大的益处, 然而，如果你能尽量敞开思想，那么，书中开头几句迂回曲折的话里所包含的几乎难以觉察的细微的迹象和暗示，就会把你引到一个与众不同的人物的面前去。如果你深入下去，如果你去认识这个人物，你很快就会领悟作者正在给你或试图给你某些明确得多的东西。倘若我们首先考虑怎样读小说，那么，一部小说中的三十二章就是企图创造出象一座建筑物那样既有一定的形式而各部分又受到控制的东西，不过词句要比砖块难以捉摸，阅读的过程要比看一看更费时、更复杂。理解小说家创作工作的各项要素的捷径也许并不是阅读，而是写作，而是亲自试一试遣词造句中的艰难险阻。那么，回想一下给你留下鲜明印象的某些事——比如，你怎样在大街的拐角处从两个正在交谈着的人身边走过，树在摇曳、灯光在晃动，谈话的语气既喜又悲；这一瞬间似乎包含了一个完整的想象，一个整体的构思。

PART VI WRITING (45 MIN)

Interview is frequently used by employers as a means to recruit prospective employees. As a result, there have been many arguments for or against the interview as a selection procedure. What is your opinion? Write an essay of about 400 words to state your view.

In the first part of your writing you should state your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay.

Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.Write your composition on ANSWER SHEET FOUR.

PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)

SECTION A MINI-LECTURE

1. basic steps

2. raw materials

3. head

4. facts

5. explain

6. objective

7. purpose

8. ask questions

9. a manageable size 10. the topic itself

SECTION B INTERVIEW

1. C

2. A

3. D

4. B

5. D

SECTION C NEWS BROADCAST

6. B

7. C

8. A

9. C 10. B

PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)

11. B 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D

16. B 17. D 18. A 19. A 20. C

21. A 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. C

26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. A

PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)

31. B 32. B 33. A 34. D 35. D

36. B 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. B

PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN)

1. 把investing改为invested

2. 第二题irrespective后加of

3. 把those 改为that

4. the fact 后面加that

5. eliminate 改为eliminating

6. 最后一个purely of need 改为on need

PART V TRANSLATION (60 MIN)

SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISH

SECTION B ENGLISH TO CHINESE

PART VI WRITING (45 MIN)

近十年英语专业八级考试翻译原题及参考答案-

20０7年英语专业八级考试翻译原题及参考答案 C－Ｅ：暮色中,河湾里落满云霞，与天际得颜色混合一起，分不清哪就是流云哪就是水湾。也就在这一幅绚烂得图画旁边，在河湾之畔,一群羊正在低头觅食。它们几乎没有一个顾得上抬起头来,瞧一眼这美丽得黄昏。也许它们要抓紧时间,在即将回家得最后一刻再次咀嚼。这就是黄河滩上得一幕。牧羊人不见了，她不知在何处歇息.只有这些美生灵自由自在地享受着这个黄昏。这儿水草肥美,让它们长得肥滚滚得，像些胖娃娃.如果走近了，会发现它们那可爱得神情,洁白得牙齿,那丰富而单纯得表情。如果稍稍长久一点端详这张张面庞，还会生出无限得怜悯。 Besｉde tｈis pictuｒｅwithｐｒoｆuｓiｏnｓof colorｓ, a grｏup of sheｅp aｒe lｏwing tｈeir heads,ｅａｔing by ｔｈe riｖer bank、Hardly ｎone oｆｔｈｅｍwｏulｄspare sｏme timｅto raise their eyes tｏhａve a glaｎcｅat the bｅａutifｕｌdusk、Ｔhｅｙare, perhaps,takinｇuse oｆｅvery miｎuteｔo enjｏy ｔheｉr lasｔcｈew befoｒe bｅｉng drｉven home、This is a piｃtｕｒe ｏｆthe Yｅｌｌow River baｎk，iｎwhｉch the shepherd diｓapｐeａrs，ａnｄno onｅknoｗs where he is rｅｓｔｉｎg hｉmsｅlf、Only the ｓheep，ｈｏｗｅver,as free creatures，ａrｅｊoｙfullｙaｐｐreciating ｔhｅdｕsk、Tｈe exubeｒant wａte ｒpｌants ｈaｖe nｕｔritedｔｈｅshｅep, ｍaｋing ｔhem

2014年专八写作真题及两篇范文

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