任务型阅读常用词汇及词组

高三任务型阅读常用词汇及词组转换

归纳类常用词汇：

原因和结果：reason (for) , result; cause (of) , effect; consequence

异同点与优缺点：difference , similarity；

advantage/benefit , disadvantage

功能：function

观点：opinion , view (on/about) , viewpoint , idea ；

态度attitude to/towards

评论、评价：comment (on) , remark (on/upon) , assessment

表方式、方法：means , way (to do) , method (of) ; solution , approach ( to doing sth. );

take measures/ steps to do sth.

目的：purpose , aim , goal

积极：positive ,; optimistic

消极negative

建议：advice [不可数] , suggestion , tip

概括、总结: summary , conclusion

特点：feature , characteristic

种类：kind , type , category , class

精神上：mentally（adv），

身体上physically（adv）

影响: influence , impact , effect (on )

情形，状况: situation，condition

建立：build , create , establish , found

出现：appear ,occur(red)

实现，完成：reach , realize , accomplish

必要，必需: must /necessity

方面，项目条款：item / aspect

材料: materials

知识消息：knowledge / information

日程计划: schedule / agenda

百分比：percentage

性别:sex

年龄: age

满意:satisfaction(名词) satisfy(动词) satisfied

忧虑，担忧，焦急: concern

(不)熟悉:familiar /unfamiliar

个人，个人的: individual

细节:description , detail

文化: culture

责任: (take) responsibility

贡献: (make) contributions to

重要: value importance significance

比较: contrast、compare（动词）comparison(名词)

时期: period / time

存在: existence(名词) exist（动词）

花费: cost / expense

人口: population

天气与气候: weather[u] / climate [c]

位置: location

主题: theme

背景: setting，background

情节: plot

高潮: climax

结尾:ending

反对者：, opponent

支持者supporter

标题、话题：title; topic

观点：ideas / opinions / views / thoughts

理由：reason/reasons; why

起因：cause; why

过程：process; course; procedure

结果：result/results; consequence/consequences

结论：conclusion

解决的办法：solution

现象：phenomenon/phenomena

因素：factor/factors

instruction/instructions

损失：damage/damages; harm/harms;

地点：place/location/where

事件：event

内容：content

起源：origin

分析：analysis /analyses

问题problem/problems; doubt/doubts ; question/questions

质量：quality

证据：evidence

阶段：period；stage

日期：date

特点characteristic/characteristics; feature/features

目的：aim/aims; purpose/purposes; goal/goals; intention/intentions 国籍：nationality

技能：skill

成就：achievement

全面发展：all-round development

转换类常用句型：

1.100 years = 1 century = 10 decades

2. take advantage of = make use of

3. parental attention = with the help / aid / assistance of parents

4. oppose the move = be against the move = object to = disagree with

5. consider … = take … into consideration / account

6. at the beginning = at first

7. be responsible for = take / shoulder / bear responsibility for

9. in search of = seek / search/look for a better job.

10. housing-related reasons = reasons related / linked/relevant to / connected with housing

11. take an active part in = take part in sth. actively

13. be hooked on headphones = be addicted to headphones

14.valuable information = information of great value

15.understand clearly = have a clear understanding of sth.

16.affect = have an effect / influence / impact on sth.

17.matter = count = be very important = be of importance = make sense = make a difference

18. kills sb. = sth. costs sb. sth. = claim one’s life

19. make an apology = apologize to sb.

20.be over = end = put …to an end

21.despite = in spite of

22. share less than 2% = account for less than 2%= make up

23.online = on the Internet

24.learn good citizenship = learn to be good citizens

25.list the things that you are good at = list what / all you are good at

26.explain sth. = make an explanation

27.offer sth. to sb. = provide / supply sth. for sb.

28.besides = on top of = in addition to = apart from

29. be better than = be superior to

30. approve of = subscribe to = be in favor / support of = favor sth.

31.have access to = be acceptable / accessible / available to

32.stop = quit = give up

https://www.360docs.net/doc/e28304639.html,pensate for = make up for

34.in part = partly

35.every year = yearly = annually

https://www.360docs.net/doc/e28304639.html,e up = run out of (主动)

37.run out = give out = be used up (被动)

38.be accused of = be charged with

39.most of the people = the majority of the people

40.cater to /for one’s needs / demands /requirements = satisfy / meet one’s ….

41.starve to death = die of hunger/ starvation

42.be tired out = be worn out = be exhausted = be weary

43.socially responsible = social responsibility

44.sth. benefit sb. = be beneficial to sb. = be of benefit to = sb. benefit from sth .

https://www.360docs.net/doc/e28304639.html,mit oneself to doing sth. = promise to do sth.

46.make full use of = make the most of

高三任务型阅读常用词汇及词组转换

Teaching Aim: Help students to remember the words and phrases used in task-based readings to improve the grades of it .

Teaching difficult points: Remember them and use them correctly, without spelling mistakes.

归纳类常用词汇：

原因和结果：reason (for) , result; cause (of) , effect; consequence

异同点与优缺点：difference , similarity；advantage/benefit , disadvantage 功能：function

观点与态度：opinion , view (on/about) , viewpoint , idea ；attitude

to/towards

评论、评价：comment (on) , remark (on/upon) , assessment

表方式、方法：means , way , method (of) ; solution , approach ( to doing sth. ); take measures to do sth.

目的：purpose , aim , goal 积极和消极：positive ,negative; optimistic 建议：advice [u] , suggestion , tip 概括、总结: summary , conclusion 特点：feature , characteristic 种类：kind , type , category , class 精神上与身体上：mentally ，physically 影响: influence , impact , effect (on )

情形，状况: situation，condition 建立：build , create , establish , found

出现：appear ,occur(red) 实现，完成：reach , realize , accomplish

必要，必需: must /necessity 方面，项目条款：item / aspect

材料: materials 知识消息：knowledge / information

日程计划: schedule / agenda 百分比：percentage

性别:sex 年龄: age

满意:satisfaction 忧虑，担忧，焦急: concern worry,anxiety (不)熟悉:familiar /unfamiliar 个人，个人的: individual

细节:description , detail 文化: culture

任务型阅读常用词汇词性转换

任务型阅读常用词汇词性转换动词变名词 1.v+ ment 结尾 achieve---achievement 成就 advertise--- advertisement// advertising agree— agreement apartment 公寓 amusement 娱乐 argue---argument争吵 commit奉献—commitment develop---development disgree—disagreement department 局，部 experiment 实验，试验 equip 装备---equipment 装备，器材 govern 统治—government 政府 manage---management 经营管理 2．V+ tion 结尾 admit 承认—admis sion attract吸引—attraction 有吸引力的事或人；令人向往的地方conclude—conclusion 结论 compete—competition 竞争，比赛 discuss—discussion 讨论 educate-----education decide----decision describe—description描写，描绘 express 表达----expression 词语；表达方式 graduate 毕业—graduation operate 操作，动手术—operation organize----organization imagine—imagination 想象力 introduce—introduction 介绍 instruct—instruction 指导，介绍 invent—inventor / invention invite—invitation pollute----pollution 污染 predict---prediction 预言 pronounce ---pronunciation impress 给人印象—impression 印象 permit 允许-----permission suggest-建议，暗示--suggestion solve解决-----solution 解决方法 3．V+ ance 结尾

任务型阅读专项练习和答案

任务型阅读专项练习和答案一、英语任务型阅读 1．阅读信息，为每段选择恰当的标题。 Here is a page from a magazine named Future. Read the following information about things that may happen in the future. ________⑴Cars will run on solar power（太阳能）or electricity and will be much cleaner. They will be much safer. For example, if you are too close to another car or if you are driving dangerously, your car will slow down by itself. ________⑵Because there won't be any spare land, new cities will have to be built in the sea. Some cities on water will have two levels. People will live on the upper level, and the lower level will be used for traffic, shops and factories. ________⑶Biotechnology will make food better and healthier. Plants that are not affected by insects or illnesses will be developed. The taste of fruits and vegetables will be better and food will be kept longer. ________⑷New technology will be used to make TVs that are only 5cm thick. They will have pictures that are as clear as photos. Electrical appliances will be quieter and will be controlled by computer. They will also use 50% less power. ________⑸Many new ways to cure illnesses will be successful by using products of genetic engineering （基因产品）. Cures will be found for the flu and the common cold. However, some new illnesses will appear. 【解析】【分析】文章大意：介绍了未来社会在能源交通，城市建设，生物技术以及医药方面的一些变化。 A. Better and healthier food will be developed with the help of biotechnology. 在生物技术的帮助下，将开发出更好、更健康的食品。 B. TVs made by new technology are not only 5cm thick but also as clear as photos. 新技术生产的电视机不仅有5厘米厚，而且像照片一样清晰。 C. Cars will be much cleaner and safer if they run on solar power or electricity. 如果汽车使用太阳能或电力，将会更加清洁和安全。 D. Some new illnesses will appear though many new ways to cure illnesses will be successful. 一些新的疾病将会出现，尽管许多治疗疾病的新方法将会成功。 E. The future cities will be built in the sea because of less land. 未来的城市将建在海里，因为陆地较少。（1）根据文中语句Cars will run on solar power（太阳能）or electricity and will be much cleaner. 提示可知，此段讲述的是新能源汽车的优点，故选C。

言语理解常考词语辨析汇总

公务员考试行测备考指导：言语理解常考词语辨析汇总【华图教育阅读提示】华图公务员考试研究中心通过对十年来国家公务员录用考试及各省市公务员录用考试行政职业能力测验真题中言语理解与表达真题的研究，归纳总结了言语理解与表达常考100组词语，并对其进行了辨析。本文节选了部分词语及辨析供考生复习参考。 1．安定--安宁--安谧--安静--平静--清静安定：生活形势等平静正常，稳定。生活安定。安宁：秩序正常，没有骚扰。边境安宁。安谧：安宁，安静。主要指环境气氛。安静：没有声音，安稳平静。平静：着重指平稳，没有不安与动荡。常形容心情、表情、势态等。清静：着重指不嘈杂、不杂乱。 2．安顿--安放--安置--安排安顿：安稳，使人或事物有着落，着重指安排妥当，使有确实的着落。安放：使物件处于一定的位置，是具体的动作。安置：使人或事物有着落。着重指使工作、生活等有适当的位置。多是处理人事工作的活动。安排：着重于分清先后、主次、轻重缓急、有条有理地处理人和事。多指工作上的处理活动。 3．懊悔--懊恼--懊丧--沮丧--颓丧都是形容词，因未满足心愿而悔恨、烦恼。懊悔：着重指后悔，是心里恨自己不该做错了事或说错了话。懊恼：着重指烦恼，心里不痛快，是对别人或自己的言行感到烦恼。懊丧：形容因做事或环境不利而失意，情绪低落，精神不振。懊丧：着重指烦恼而丧气，心中郁闷。

4．沮丧--颓丧沮丧：沮，气色败坏。着重指受挫折后灰心失望。颓丧：颓，委靡不振。着重指情绪低落，意志消沉。 5．傲慢--高傲--骄傲都是形容词，都有自高自大或自豪自尊之意。傲慢：着重指态度上轻慢，目中无人。也可用于褒义，表示自尊而不可侮。高傲：贬义着重指思想情绪上把自己看得过高。用于褒义时表示自豪而又高尚。骄傲：泛指满足已有的成绩，自以为了不起。用于褒义时多表示自豪。也可以作名词。如：李白、杜甫和他们的诗，是中华民族的骄傲。 6．把持--操纵--控制都有按自己的意图掌握住、支配。把持：是贬义词，指公开独占权位。对象常是政权、权力、职位以及地区、单位等。操纵：中性词。指掌管、使用机器等。引申指用不正当手段暗中支配、控制人或社会性的较重大的事物。控制：中性词。只指不让任意活动或超出范围。对象常是速度、数字、交通、生产以及思想、感情等。 7．把握--掌握都是动词。用自己能力，把某种事物抓住、控制住。对象可以是某些具体的或抽象的事物。把握，对象多是具体事物。有时作“有”的宾语，表示对事情能做得到或做得好的信心、力量或根据，是名词。如：有把握。掌握：比“把握”多一层意思，即不仅能把握住，而且能充分支配运用并控制。对象多指抽象事物，如政策、命运、方法、知识、技术、专业、语言、情况等。 8．颁布--公布都是动词。公开发布。对象多是宪法、纲领、法律、法令、条例等。

英语高考高频词汇-短语

英语高考高频词汇短语 1. abandon oneself to sth. 完全屈从于（某种感情或冲动）；沉迷于 2. have an (the )ability to do sth. ( have the ability in doing sth.)有能力做某事 3. to the best of one's ability 尽某人最大的力 4. be about to do when…正准备做某事突然。。。 5. above all 首先，最重要；in all 总计after all 毕竟; 终究all in all总之 6 .at home and abroad 在国内外go abroad 出国 7. in sb.'s absence /in the absence of sb.当（某人）不在时be absent from 缺席 8. be absorbed in 全神贯注于；专心于 9. have (easy/hard)access to sth. 接近；进入；使用；可以用….(零冠词) 10. by accident 偶然；意外地=by chance by mistake 由于错误 11. be delayed through an accident 由于事故而耽误 12. be accompanied by 附有；伴随；相伴而生keep sb. accompanied=keep sb. company 13. according to (后面不接view, opinion…); in my opinion

14. collect accounts收账；open an account 开账户；keep accounts 记账; account for说明; give a full account of 做一个完整的说明; on account of=beca us e of 因为accounting department会计室； 15 .acc us e sb. of…控告某人charge sb. with sth. 起诉某人blame sb. for sth. 责备某人 16. be acc us tomed to sth.( to doing sth.)=be used to sth.(to doing sth.)习惯于做某事 17. have some acquaintance with 熟悉；熟知He is just an acquaintance 18 .come (run) across （偶然）碰到=meet with ; get sth. across 使人理解；领会 19. act as充当，担任act out 表演（对话、故事）；把。。。付诸于行动act on(upon) 对。。。起作用 20 .catch sb. (in the act of) doing sth. 抓住某人干某事；take action 采取行动 21. be active in 在…积极take an active part in 积极参加lead an active life过着积极的生活 22. adapt oneself to 使自己适应adapt sth. to 使某物适应adapt from 根据。。。改写 23. add in 包括；添加；加进去add to 增加；加强add…to 把。。。加到。。。上

英语任务型阅读练习题含答案及解析

英语任务型阅读练习题含答案及解析一、英语任务型阅读 1．从方框中选择恰当的句子补全短文，使文章内容完整、通顺。 Improving Listening Sills in the Classroom Listening is a skill that needs to be learned and used well to be able to succeed in any environment. In the classroom, great listening skills mean the difference between a successful student and one who struggles （挣扎） in school. Come to class rested. ________ When your body is well taken care of, your mental （精神的） focus will be much better. If you come to class sleepy or tired, it may be impossible for you to keep your eyes open and concentrate （集中） on what the teacher is saying. ________ Have everything you need at the start of the class. If you have homework, make sure you are ready to hand it in. Bring out your notebook and pen so you can start taking down notes Also, try to read your textbooks before coming into class. It will help you understand more easily what your teacher is talking about. ________ When you're in the front of the class, you'll have an easier time hearing what the teacher has to say you won't have a daydream when the teacher is near you. Take down notes. Write down what you hear in class. ________ It will also make you concentrate more on what is being said So you can properly take notes. Try to concentrate when you are in class so that you are able to get the key points during a lecture. ________ Once you learn techniques to help you with this skill, you should see an improvement in your listening. 【解析】【分析】主要讲了提高英语听力的技巧。 A. Be prepared.做好准备。 B. Sit near the teachers.坐在老师旁边。 C. Listening is a skill that is developed little by little.听力是一种逐渐发展起来的技能。 D. This makes it easier to remember what is being discussed.这使人们更容易记住正在讨论的内容。 E. Make sure you had a good night's sleep and had a good breakfast.确保你晚上睡得好，早餐吃得好。（1）根据后句When your body is well taken care of, your mental （精神的）focus will be much better.当你的身体得到很好的照顾，你的精神集中会更好，可知前句讲得是睡好，故

(完整版)高考高频动词短语(56个动词)整理

动词短语（1）act短语 act as 担任……职务，起……作用act for 代理（某人职务），代为（处理某事） act out 表演（对话、故事等）act up 捣乱，出毛病（2）believe短语 believe in 确信，信任，信仰，主张believe one's ears 相信所听到的话 make believe 假装（pretend to do sth.）seeing is believing 眼见为实（3）blow短语 blow about 吹散blow away 吹走blow off 吹掉，吹散，吹灭blow out吹灭，走气 blow up，放大（照片），吹大（气球），爆炸，发脾气give sb. a heavy blow 给某人以沉重打击（4）break短语 break away 摆脱，脱离break away from …脱离……，奋力挣脱……、打破 break down 出故障，中止，分解、抛锚、破坏，粉碎；瓦解；衰弱，损坏；(健康等)垮掉，累垮；崩溃 break in 打断，插话，闯入，强行进入，使顺服 break into …闯入……，破门而入，突然开始，把(sth.)分成 break (sth) off （使某物）折断，中断某事物，突然停止，打断，断绝 break out （战争、火灾）突然发生，爆发，准备使用；起锚break open 破开，撬开break short 中断，折断break out in tears 突然大哭break the rule（law）违反规定

break one’s promise 失言break through 突围，冲跨，克服，挤过去 break up vt. 分解，分裂，拆散，碎开，开垦，vi.结束（5）bring短语 bring about 引起，导致，使发生，促使bring along 把……带来，领来 bring back 拿（送）回来，使恢复，使回忆bring sth / sb back to life 使……生动/活泼，使……苏醒 bring down 使……降低，减少，使……倒下，使……落下，浓缩，收缩，击落 bring down / up (the price) 降价／提价bring forth开（花）,结（果），发表，宣布，提出 bring forward 提出bring in 引进（技术），赚钱，带来（收入），吸收 bring into action 使行动起来，使生效bring into effect/practice 完成，实现，实施，实行 bring into operation 使运转，将...投入生产bring into (full) play 发挥，调动，利用bring sb.into touch with...接触，触摸bring on 发展，引起，导致，使前进，提出（论点） bring out 拿出，公布，出版，生产，揭露，阐明，使表现出 bring off 完成，救出，使成功，搬走bring to 使苏醒 bring … to use = put …to use 对……加以利用bring through 治愈，使度过困难/危险时期 bring / carry sth to / into effect 实施……bring to light 出现，公布，暴露 bring to mind 使想起，回忆起bring up 抚养，培养，哺育，使停止

任务型阅读常用词汇及词组转换

任务型阅读归纳类常用词汇话题：topic主题：theme定义：definition 原因：reason (for) , cause (of)后果，结果result; consequence 异同点：difference , similarity；功能：function 优缺点advantage/benefit , disadvantage;strengths and weaknesses 观点与态度：opinion , view (on/about) , viewpoint , idea；attitude to/towards 评论、评价：comment (on) , remark (on/upon) , assessment 解决问题的方法/措施：means of doing sth ;way to do sth; method (of) doing sth ;a solution to sth ; an approach ( to doing sth. );take measures to do sth.目的：purpose , aim , goal 积极和消极：positive ,negative; optimistic建议：advice [u] , suggestion , tip概括、总结:summary , conclusion特点：feature , characteristic种类：kind , type , category , class 精神上与身体上：mentally and physically影响：influence , impact , effect (on )当前情形，状况: present situation;current situation 建立：build , create , establish , found 出现：appear, occur(occurred)实现/完成：reach , realize , accomplish必要，必需: must /necessity方面，项目条款：item / aspect 材料: materials知识消息：knowledge / information日程计划: schedule / agenda百分比：percentage 性别:sex年龄：age成绩，成就achievement 满意:satisfaction忧虑，担忧，焦灼: concern (不)熟悉:familiar /unfamiliar个人，个人的: individual

上海市中考英语英语任务型阅读理解试题(含答案)

上海市中考英语英语任务型阅读理解试题(含答案) 一、英语任务型阅读 1．根据短文内容，回答下列各题。 Do you obey the rules in your school? How do you like your school rules? A lot of school rules are similar around the world, but some are different. Every school has their own rules. There are some rules in Japanese schools. The students are not allowed to dye(染) their hair and should keep the hair Japanese black colour. They are not allowed to wear earrings, either. Almost all schools required students to wear uniforms in the past but now half of the schools require uniforms. The students feel happy to wear all kinds of clothes. The students mustn't be late for school. If they are late, they can't get into the school gate because the school gate is closed. In Japan, students are not allowed to have part-time jobs because they may not concentrate on their study. American schools have their own rules. For example, in Morton High School, students are not allowed to choose their own clothes. They must get to school and leave school on time. They must wear sports shoes in gym class. They should keep quiet in the school bus. In America, the students can have part- time jobs in their free time. （1）Why are the students not allowed to have part time jobs in Japan? (不超过8个词) （2）What must the students in Morton High School wear in gym class? (不超过5个词) （3）There must be some rules in your school. Give one example, please. (请自拟—句话作答) 【答案】（1）Because they may not concentrate on their study. （2）They must wear sports shoes. （3）You must be quiet if you enter the school building. (言之有理即可) 【解析】【分析】大意：世界上很多学校校规相似，但一些学校的校规却不相同，本文着重介绍日本学校一些校规和美国学校的一些校规的不同。（1）根据In Japan, students are not allowed to have part-time jobs because they may not concentrate on their study.可知，日本学生不允许兼职因为他们可能不能专注于自己的学习，故填Because they may not concentrate on their study。（2）根据They must wear sports shoes in gym class.可知，他们体育课必须穿运动鞋，故填They must wear sports shoes。（3）在我们学校，学生要求进到教学楼必须保持安静，故填You must be quiet if you enter the school building。【点评】考查任务型阅读，注意首先理解问题所问，带着问题从原文找到答案。 2．根据短文及表格内容列要点。 In order to learn how the students in our school spend money, we made a survey by asking them some questions. First, we asked them how much money they spent last month. And then we asked how much money they spent on snacks, books, movies, computer games, phones, transportation and other things last month. Our maths teacher helped us make a graph(图表) of their answers as follows.

(完整版)高考常见英语词组汇总(打印版)

A across from 在对面 act a part 假装 add up to 达到(数字) all to once 忽然；突然 all but (＝almost) 几乎，差点 apart from 除…外还 apply one’s mind to 专心于 ask after 问候 at a loss 不知所措；困惑不解 at the risk of 冒着…危险 at one time 曾经 at a time 一次，每次 at times 有时 Are u kidding? 开玩笑吧? above all 最重要 account for解释说明 around the clock整天不间断,一天24小时不停 as a matter of fact事实上 at sb`s service愿意为某人效劳 (at)the entrance to… (在)...入口处 as long ago as追溯到,早在 as a (general) rule一般地说来 answer the invitation 答复邀请 allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事 at the invitation of sb.应某人的邀请advise sb. to do sth.劝说某人去做某事ahead of time 提前 accuse sb. of (doing) sth. 指责，指控某人作某事 apologize to sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事向某人道歉 B back and forth 来来往往；（前后）来回地burst into 闯进 be absent from 不在；缺席 be absorbed in 全神贯注于 be aware of 意识到 be better off 境况好 be blind to …对…视而不见be burdened with…负重 be engaged in 忙于；致力于 be favourable to 有助于；有力于 be responsible for 对…负责；是…原因be satisfied with 对…满意 by accident 偶然地；意外地 by all means 通过各种方法；一定要 by and by 不久以后；很快的 by no means 无论如何，决不 be named after sb. 以某人的名字命名 be taken into account 被考虑到 be accustomed to习惯于 be attached to对…有感情 be bound for去…地方 be in the dark蒙在鼓里,不知道 be made of money很有钱 be sick of对…负责任 be tied up in忙于做… be up to sb. 由某人来决定 be supposed to do (同should) bulletin board广告栏,布告栏 by all means当然 brief and to the point 简单扼要的；简洁的be trapped in …被困在... be equipped with 装备 be cross with/at sb. 生某人的气 be at war with…与…处于战争状态 be in safe hands 在可靠的人那里 behind time 晚，迟到 burst out 突然冒出 ┏but for 若没有 ┣can’t but do 只能 ┗the first line but two 第三厅 ┏be tired of …厌倦，厌烦(精神上) ┗be tired from/with…因...疲劳(体力上) C come into being 产生；存在 compare …to…把…比作…compare…with…把…与…进行比较congratulate sb. on …就…祝贺某人count on/upon 指望；依靠 cross out 除去；勾销

高考英语任务型阅读习题及答案doc

一、高中英语任务型阅读 1．请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。 Decoding the young brain There was a funny experiment to see how a young child would answer a specific question compared to an adult. After the adult had spent some time speaking with the child, he asked the child, “What do you think about me？” The child answered, “You talk too much.” When the adult performed the same experiment with another adult, the reply to the same question was, “I think you're a very interesting person.” Even if the adult f elt the same way as the child, his brain allowed him to take a moment，consider the question, and come up with an answer. He could have been annoyed, but his answer didn't reflect it because he was being polite. The secret lies in the science of the developing brain. The child's honest answer was reflected in the fact that his brain wasn't equipped to filter(过滤) information before answering the question. As a result, he was honest, but he said something that may have been hurtful. However, the child did not intentionally hurt the adult; it's just the way his brain works. As a child grows into adolescence and then into adulthood, that changes. The human brain is made up of billions of neurons(神经元). In order for our body to execute a command, like getting up from a chair and walking to the other room, the neurons in the brain have to communicate with each other. They also help us employ our senses like taste and touch and help us remember things. When the neurons send messages, perhaps one sensation(感觉) the person feels is excitement about eating a cookie because it is so delicious. Later, if that person smells a cookie or hears someone talking about a cookie, it can spark the electrical signals that call up the memory of eating the delicious cookie. In an adult, he or she may remember that eating too many cookies can have consequences, like weight gain. But because the younger brain is more impulsive(冲动的), the desire to feel the pleasure of the sweet treat outweighs the consequences. That is becau se when a child is young, his brain is “wired” in such a way that he seeks pleasure and is more willing to take risks than an adult. This affects his decision-making process and it is why younger people tend to be more impulsive. Sometimes parents have to tell their children over and over again before the child remembers that something is dangerous or risky. How many times have we heard a parent say, “I tell her this all the time, but she never listens！” To conclude, what we know about the young brain is that children are more likely than adults to be impulsive. It isn't always necessarily because they are being naughty; it may very well be because of their brains. So the next time you ask a child what he really thinks of you, be prepared for any kind of answer.

任务型阅读常用词汇及词组转换(1)

任务型阅读常用词汇及词组转换 1. 归纳类常用词汇：原因和结果：reason (for) , result; cause (of) , effect; consequence 异同点与优缺点：difference , similarity；advantage/benefit , disadvantage 功能：function 观点与态度：opinion , view (on/about) , viewpoint , idea ；attitude to/towards 评论、评价：comment (on) , remark (on/upon) , assessment 表方式、方法：means , way , method (of) ; solution , approach ( to doing sth. ); take measures to do sth. 目的：purpose , aim , goal 积极和消极：positive ,negative; optimistic 建议：advice [u] , suggestion , tip 概括、总结: summary , conclusion 特点：feature , characteristic 种类：kind , type , category , class 精神上与身体上：mentally，physically 影响：influence , impact , effect (on ) 情形，状况situation，condition 建立：build , create , establish , found 出现：appear, occur(red) 实现，完成：reach , realize , accomplish 必要，必需: must /necessity 方面，项目条款：item / aspect 材料: materials 知识消息：knowledge / information 日程计划: schedule / agenda 百分比：percentage 性别:sex年龄：age 满意:satisfaction 忧虑，担忧，焦急: concern (不)熟悉:familiar /unfamiliar 个人，个人的: individual 细节:description , detail文化culture 责任: (take) responsibility 贡献: (make) contributions to 重要: value importance significance 比较: contrast comparison 时期: period / time存在: existence exist 花费: cost / expense人口: population 天气与气候: weather[u] / climate [c]位置: location 主题: theme背景: setting，background 情节: plot高潮: climax 结尾:ending反对者与支持者：supporter , opponent 2. 同义转换类常用句型： 1.100 years = 1 century = 10 decades 2. take advantage of = make use of 3. parental attention = with the help / aid / assistance of parents 4. oppose the move = be against the move = object to = disagree with 5. consider … = take … into consideration / account 6. at the beginning = at first 7. be responsible for = take / shoulder / bear responsibility for 8. since the beginning of human evolution = throughout human history 9. Americans have been migrating south and west for decades in search of better job opportunities. = Americans have been migrating south and west for decades, seeking a better job. / searching /looking for a better job. 10. housing-related reasons = reasons related / linked/relevant to / connected with housing 11. take an active part in = take part in sth. actively