2018年山东省济宁市中考英语试卷-答案

2018年山东省济宁市中考英语试卷-答案
2018年山东省济宁市中考英语试卷-答案

山东省济宁市2018年初中学业水平考试

英语答案解析

二、阅读理解

A【文章大意】文章主要讲地图有很多种,显示不同信息,主要给我们提供了一个道路地图。

16.【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题。由地图图例可知,Greentown是large town;Bluetown, Smalltown和Bigtown 是town。故选A。

17.【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题,根据地图可知M3,M23不可以到达,M13、R67都可以从Smalltown到Bluetown,但R67是崎岖小路,故最佳路线是M13,且其路线距离最短,故选B。

18.【答案】D细节理解题,根据There are also many other types(类型) of maps. Each gives a special kind of information.不同地图蕴含不同信息,这些信息能给我们帮助,说明了地图的重要性,文章主要给了一个道路地图,让我们从中读到不同信息,选择路线等,证明地图的重要性,故选D。

B【文章大意】主要介绍了一个Grace Bush的不同寻常的学习经历。

19.【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题,根据文中的第2段”One amazing 16-year old Florida girl, Grace Bush, graduated from both high school and college this week!”可知一个惊人的16岁的佛罗里达州女孩Grace Bush,本周从高中和大学同时毕业,故答案是D。

20.【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题,A护照;B英汉典;C毕业证;D驾照;根据文中的第2段One amazing 16-year old Florida girl, Grace Bush, graduated from both high school and college this week!一个惊人的16岁的佛罗里达州女孩Grace Bush,本周从高中和大学同时毕业可知C可能像她的毕业证书,故答案是C。

21.【答案】B

【解析】细节理解题,根据文中的第3段"Hard work and great attention"可知努力工作,非常专注是她成功的关键,故答案是B。

22.【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题,根据文中的第4段Doing both at the same time is a huge achievement, and it has also helped her family save money. She's one of the 9 children, all home-schooled until the age of 13.在同一时间做成两个巨大的成就,这也帮助她的家人省钱。她是9个孩子中的一个,在13岁之前,所有的教育都是在家完成的。可知13岁之前她在家里接受教育,故D正确,故答案是D。

C【文章大意】这是一篇教育文化类阅读,主要介绍在美国,男孩和女孩经常加入俱乐部。俱乐部的成员一起工作。学习某些技能,分享好时光。作者介绍了几个美国的俱乐部,在所有这些俱乐部中,

男孩和女孩学习成为好的和有用的公民。

23.【答案】C

【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段In America, boys and girls often join clubs. The members of a club work together. They also learn certain skills and share good times.在美国,男孩和女孩经常加入俱乐部。俱乐部的成员一起工作。他们也学习某些技能并分享好时光。可知,男孩和女孩加入俱乐部学习技能和分享美好时光。选C。

24.【答案】B

【解析】段落大意题。根据文章第二段可知,此段主要讲述男孩加入童子军可以参加的活动及学到的技能。故选B。

25.【答案】A

【解析】段意猜测题。根据第三段Girl Scouts and Camp Fire Girls are clubs for girls.女童子军和营火女孩是女孩的俱乐部。可知,在美国有很多女孩俱乐部。选A。

26.【答案】B

【解析】主旨大意题。根据第一段In America, boys and girls often join clubs.在美国,男孩女孩经常加入俱乐部。及第二段第一句Many boys belong to Boy Scouts.许多男孩属于童子军。第三段第一句Girl Scouts and Camp Fire Girls are clubs for girls.女童子军和营火女孩是女孩的俱乐部。可知,短文主要介绍美国男孩和女孩的俱乐部。选B。

D【文章大意】本文是介绍了2017年三个令人惊奇的发明物,数字马克杯,社交机器人和指尖陀螺。

27.【答案】D

【解析】细节理解题,结合There is an app for the mug that allows people to set the mug to a certain temperature between 48°C and 62°C.可知数字马克杯可以控制温度,故选D。

28.【答案】C

【解析】推理判断题,句意:尽管Jibo的创造者认为它还有很多东西要学,但是花899美元的价格购买一台还是很值得的,对于一台又聪明又友好的机器人来说价格很好。由这句话可以推知,虽然这款机器人的价格很贵,但是值得购买。故选C。

29.【答案】A

【解析】细节理解题,结合But it may not be a good thing to spend too much time playing with it.可知是玩耍的玩具,故选A。

30.【答案】C

【解析】标题判断题,结合Here are three amazing things in Time magazine's list of the 25 best inventions of 2017.本文是介绍了2017年三个令人惊奇最好的发明物,故选C。

三、听力填词

答案略

四、单词拼写与运用

1.【答案】autumn

【解析】句子翻译:在中国北部,秋天来临时叶子通常会掉下来。autumn名词,秋天。

2.【答案】playground

【文章大意】学校的操场是学生玩耍和运动的地方。

【解析】从a place for students to play and do sports判断这里说的应该是操场,playground名词,操场。

3.【答案】ride

【解析】句子翻译:在中国,越来越多的人骑共享单车去上班。这里句子叙述一件事实,时态用一般现在时,ride动词,骑。

4.【答案】themselves

【解析】从They are old enough判断他们年龄足够大了,可以照顾自己了,look after oneself表示自理。故填themselves。

5.【答案】windy

【解析】根据题意:人们经常在阳光明媚的,多风的天气放风筝。可知此处是形容词windy。

6.【答案】teeth

【解析】根据句意:饭后刷牙是一个好习惯,可知考查名词,tooth,此处是复数形式teeth。

7.【答案】cost

【解析】根据题意:我昨天买的邮票花费了我20元钱。可知考查动词,此处的主语是stamp,物做主语时用cost表示花费,此处是过去式cost。

8.【答案】politely

【解析】根据题意:当我们离开时,孩子们礼貌地向我们道别。可知考查副词politely,修饰动词。

五、语法填空

A【文章大意】这是一篇奇闻逸趣类阅读,主要介绍一个老人在公交车上看到一个空位子。但是位子上有个包,旁边的年轻人说这个包是一个老妇人的。她去买香蕉了,一会回来。但是,车开走了,老妇人还没回来。老人说这个老妇人把包遗忘在车上了,让我把包还给她,然后要把包扔出公交车年轻人跳起来喊道:“别扔!这是我的包!”

1.【答案】looked

【解析】考查动词。句意“一个老人四处看”,由下一句He wanted to find他想找到…可知,用一般过去时态,结构是主语+动词的过去式。look的过去式是looked,填looked。

2.【答案】an

【解析】考查冠词。句意“他想找空座位”这里泛指一个空座位。empty是以元音音素/e/开头,用an 修饰。

3.【答案】for

【解析】考查介词。句意“不,它是老妇人的”根据上一句"Is this seat empty?" asked the old man.这个座位是空的吗?老人问,及下一句She went to buy some bananas.她去买香蕉了。可知,应该是填介词for。

【解析】考查动词。句意“她回来的时候我就离开这里”when引导的时间状语从句。主句用一般将来时态。从句用一般现在时态,主要she她,第三人称单数。谓语动词用第三人称单数comes。5.【答案】doesn't come

【解析】考查否定句。句意“老妇人没有来,但是她的包在这里”。这里是直接引语,由is可知,一般现在时态,主语woman女人。单数,含有实意动词,变否定句在实意动词前加doesn't谓语动词用原形come填doesn't come。

B【文章大意】本文介绍的是孟浩然的诗歌《春晓》。春眠不觉晓,处处闻啼鸟。夜来风雨声,花落知多少。

6.【答案】was written

【解析】考查被动语态。结合句意:这首诗是由孟浩然写的,主语诗和谓语动词写作是被动的关系,应该用被动语态,这个动作发生在过去,应该用一般过去时,故填was written。

7.【答案】most famous

【解析】考查形容词的最高级。空格前是the,结合句意:最著名的诗人之一,此处应该是形容词的最高级,故填most famous。

8.【答案】after

【解析】after为连词,意为“在……之后”。本句意为“人们喜欢在春天的早晨起床之后朗诵这首诗”。

9.【答案】us

【解析】考查代词的用法。空格前是动词,此处应该是宾格,故填us。

10.【答案】to picture

【解析】考查固定词组。根据题干可知此处是allow sb to do sth.允许某人做某事,结合句意:这些声音让读者用自己的想象描绘春天。故填to picture。

六、完形填空

【文章大意】学生问老师:“贪心是什么?”老师没有直接回答。而是让学生穿过学校旁边的巧克力工厂,挑出他能找到的最大的巧克力棒。但是有一条规则:当他经过工厂时,他不能走回头路,老师用生动的事例,给学生解释了“贪心”的含义。

1.【答案】directly

【解析】考查副词。directly,副词,意思是“直接地”,修饰动词didn't answer,再结合预猜句意老师没有直接回答他的问题可知,要填副词作状语。故答案为directly。

2.【答案】rule

【解析】考查名词。rule,可数名词,意思是“规则”,再结合句意但是有一条规则:当他经过工厂时,他不能走回头路。和前面的冠词a可知,要填名词单数形式。故答案为rule。

3.【答案】another

【解析】考查形容词。another,形容词,意思是“另一个”,再结合预猜句意他继续走着,看到另一个巧克力棒。可知,要填形容词作定语。故答案为another。

【解析】考查副词。again,副词,意思是“再一次”,修饰动词thought,再结合预猜句意但是,他再一次认为,如果他继续下去,他可以找到一个更大的。可知,要填副词作状语,故答案为again。

5.【答案】none

【解析】考查代词。none,代词,意思是“没有一个”,常构成短语none of…,再结合预猜句意而且它们都没有以前的那么大。可知,要填代词作主语。故答案为none。

6.【答案】gave up

【解析】考查动词短语。gave up,动词短语的过去式,意思是“放弃”,再结合预猜句意最后,他放弃了。他空手回到老师身边,向老师解释了发生了什么。可知,要填动词的过去式作谓语,故答案为gave up。

7.【答案】first

【解析】考查形容词。first,形容词,意思是“第一个”,再结合预猜句意你喜欢第一个巧克力棒。可知,要填形容词作定语。故答案为first。

七、阅读表达

【文章大意】本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了国王提供了艺术家奖给画出和平的最佳画作的艺术家,面对两幅迥然不同的画最终作出决定,他明白和平意味着身处所有这些事情,你的心里仍然平静。

1.【答案】To find out the best picture of peace;

【解析】细节理解题;题目问的是国王想要艺术家做什么?根据原文"There was once a King and he wanted to find out who could paint the best picture of peace. And he would offer a prize to the artist."从前有一位国王,他想知道谁能画出和平的最好图画,并将为艺术家颁奖。可得出答案。

2.【答案】It was a perfect picture of peace;

【解析】细节理解题;题目问的是“大家怎么看这第一幅画?”根据原文"Everyone thought that it was

a perfect picture of peace."每个人都认为这是和平的完美画面。可得出答案。

3.【答案】peace means being calm in your heart.

【解析】细节理解题;题目问的是为什么国王选择了第二张照片?根据原文"peace does not mean to be in a place where there is no noise, trouble, or hard work. Peace means to be in the middle of all those things and still be calm in your heart. That is the real meaning of peace."和平并不意味着在一个没有噪音、麻烦或艰苦工作的地方,和平意味着在所有这些事情的中间,内心仍然平静,这就是和平的真正意义。可得出答案。

4.【答案】和平意味着即使处在那些(纷繁复杂的)事物之中,内心仍然平静。

【解析】英译汉题;means to be 意味着;in the middle of在…中间;in your heart在内心;

5.【答案】The Real Meaning of Peace

【解析】由全文可知,通过对比两幅风格完全不同的画作,国王指出了和平的真正含义。

八、写作

【答案】

A time when I made someone happy

Making someone happy can be one of the most rewarding feelings in this world. At the children's hospital, it is my greatest pleasure to cheer up the sick children. (让谁快乐) As a volunteer, I go to the children's hospital every weekend to see the sick children.(时间)I tell them stories, help them review their lessons and tell them interesting things that happened outside the hospital.(做的事情) For those children,hospital life is boring and they have to suffer from illness. So they especially need the care and love of others. (为什么使他们开心) I felt proud when I saw the smile on their faces.

【解析】

高分句型一:

Making someone happy can be one of the most rewarding feelings in this world.让一个人快乐是这个世界上最有益的感觉之一。

Making是动名词作主语;one of the+形容词最高级表示最...之一。

高分句型二:

I felt proud when I saw the smile on their faces.当我看到他们脸上的笑容时,我感到很自豪。

when引导时间状语从句

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