雅思培训丨雅思写作考点剖析与语料库
雅思培训丨雅思写作考点剖析与语料库
（系列文章之全球化类考点与语料库）
朗阁雅思培训中心张仁超
一、话题概述
全球化指的是世界各国之间的经济文化交流联系更加密切。朗阁雅思培训中心资深写作专家分析，雅思写作考点在于分析多元化国家的利弊，主要体现于语言，贸易，旅游这三个方面的利弊影响。
二、历年考试频度
雅思写作的全球化类话题基本属于每年必考类，历年频度如下表：
2016年1月至5月频度：
三、考点分析：
以下，朗阁雅思培训中心的资深写作专家将为大家整理分析2004年至2016年所有全球化类考题。
1. 国际文化融合与差异
考点题1：
Many countries now have people from different cultures and ethnic groups. What is the reason for this? Is it a positive or negative development? (121013)
题意：国家有不同文化种族的人口。原因，积极or消极？
考点分析：多元文化multiculturalism的好处是促进文化的融合，鼓励思维的多样性，带动社会创新。而缺点则可能导致文化同化cultural assimilation, 会导致民族间的文化冲突cultural conflict。
近似题：
（1）多重文化的社会（不同种族的人住在一起）利大于弊？ (060825=061021=160402)
考点题2：
Some people regard the increasing business and cultural contact between countries as a positive development. Others, however, feel these leading to loss of national identities. Discuss both the views and give your opinion. (040821=051029=150829)
题意：国家间商务文化交流有积极影响，还是降低国家特性？
考点分析：商务文化交流的好处是促进商务与文化合作共赢，而缺点则可能导致竞争，带来同化或消亡。
近似题：
（1）国与国差异减少，人们选择趋向一致(031206=040327=160109)
（2）全球的风景变得越来越相似，原因？利大于弊？(090829)
2. 语言、贸易、旅游细节考点
以下列举的考点3-7属于考点1与考点2的细节考点，与考点1与考点2语料相通。
考点题3：语言
Across the world today, the use of many languages has been declining. Only a few languages have been increasingly used. Is this a positive or negative development? (131116)
题意：许多语言使用量减少，少数语言使用量增加，积极或消极？
考点分析：语言的灭绝体现出人类文化交流密切与文化多样性cultural diversity的丢失。
近似题：
（1）语言灭绝让人更容易生活，所以不重要 (041030)
（2）英语作为国际性语言的利超过弊 (050416)
（3）一些人认为应该发明一种国际交流的新语言，利大于弊 (070818)
考点题4：贸易
Some people think developing countries should invite foreign companies to open branches, offices and factories to promote their economies. Others say that they should keep the foreign companies out and depend more on their own local companies. Describe both views and give your opinion. (120107)
题意：引进外企or保护本国禁止外企？
考点分析：引进外企，促进合作与竞争，改善地区服务，同时会影响本地企业市场。
近似题：
（1）跨国公司全球化对每个人都有积极影响 (120209)
考点题5：旅游
国际：International tourism has become a huge industry in the world. Do the problems of international travel outweigh its advantages? (060520)
题意：国际旅游成为一个巨大的产业-弊大于利
考点分析：促进就业，推动地区经济文化，同时影响地区环境与生态，以及文化同化与冲突。
近似题：
（1）国际旅行越便宜，游客越来越多，利弊 (081120=121020)
（2）国际性旅游有负面影响，原因措施 (150530)
考点题6：旅游偏见
International travel makes people prejudiced more than board-mind, why does this phenomenon happen? How to improve the understanding of countries
they visit? (031011=040403=080821=100626=150813)
题意：国际旅行有时会让人们更偏见而不是心胸开阔，原因及措施
考点分析：旅游者自身素质及地区文化宣传与了解不足，引起文化冲突，应从相关方面改善。
近似题：
（1）去他国旅游，是效仿他国风俗习惯，还是当地应该迎合文化多样性 (050305=050820)
考点题7：进口
As global trade increases, many goods, even some daily goods, are exported to another country, which includes long-distance transport during shipping. Do you think its benefits outweigh its drawbacks? (081204≈05.11.12)
题意：进口商品，利弊
考点略析：促进各国优势资源利用与自身经济发展，改善地区相关服务，带来环境污染，影响本地相关产业。
近似题：
（1）进口各国食品利大于弊？ (080223)
（2）国家应自产食物而尽可能少进口 (110226)
（3）传统饮食被外国快餐取代对家庭社会产生不良影响 (110623)
考点题8：国际援助
Some people think that developing countries need financial help from international organizations. Others think that it is practical aid and advice that is needed. Discuss these views and give your own opinion. (090207=090627)
题意：给与多种援助而非经济援助
考点略析：深度合作，授之以渔。
近似题：
有人认为资助贫困国家弊大于利 (071124=131010)
慈善援助应向最迫切的地区or本国 (100109=091121=150606)
与其他话题合并性题：
（1）全球合作有助于环保还是商业 (080726)
（2）国际旅游和贸易促进社会发展 (100617=140821)
（3）出国旅游去了解他国or通过电视和互联网 (110127)
（4）大多数严峻的问题只能通过国际协作解决 (120121)
（5）如今我们面临全世界的各种问题，因此国家之间良好的关系很重要 (070721)
（6）各国科学技术趋向同一性，原因及利弊 (121117)
（7）学生应该花时间在不同的国家生活和学习不同语言和文化，同意与否 (131121)
四、考点论据
朗阁雅思培训中心资深写作专家分析指出，本类别考题应依据十年同类所有话题考点，进行针对性地道性语料补充，地道素材来源于《the economist》, 《The Guardian》, 《National Geographic》, 《The Atlantic》等。
1. 全球化的原因
（1）经济层面，各个国家生产本国特定优势的产品，通过贸易，可以给进口国和出口国都带来好处。各国经济发展又为贸易旅游及文化方面的全球交流提供物质条件。
（2）技术层面，互联网、媒体科技、交通工具的迅猛发展促进各国经济文化的密切交流。
（3）国家层面，随着国家之间的接触增多，国家之间签署一系列合作规章来促进各国发展与国际性问题处理。
①原因概述：
At least four factors have contributed to globalization:
1.technological change, particularly the ICT revolution;
2.the spread of market-based systems;
3.domestic politics—pro-globalization forces are more politically significant; and inter-
state rivalries.
②原因拓展1：
Technological development, from better transportation and carrier services to the telephone and mass media, has created a smaller, more integrated world，which makes the world even smaller and more integrated. Communications, trade and employment, personal and political transactions are now occurring on a global scale, in real time, ignoring boundaries between states.
③原因拓展2：
the closer integration of the countries and peoples of the world which has been brought about by the enormous reduction of costs of transportation and communication, and the breaking down of artificial barriers to the flows of goods, services, capital, knowledge, and (to a lesser extent) people across borders.
2. 全球化的价值
（1）经济上，国家与地区经济发展，就业机会增加，产品服务丰富。
（2）技术上，落后国家因此可以学习发达国家的技术或者企业的管理方法等；而发达国家可以依靠技术移民来补充劳动力。
（3）政治上和社会上，国家之间的联系增多，有助于和平地协商处理问题。
（4）文化上，人们开拓视野，增进了解，消除误会，从而可以更融洽地相处。
①全球化促进资源有效利用
The booming international trade can closely integrate a wide range of resources of different countries, which enables many nations to share resources to achieve the goal of complementing each other’s strengths. For instance, the international business made possible by air travel and telecommunication has enabled businessmen from less developed countries to introduce the state-of-the-art facilities from prosperous nations to develop and expand their business. Besides, affluent nations can make full use of the cheaper labor force in impoverished countries to save the production costs and obtain more economic profits. The effective interaction among countries at different levels has allowed a more sustainable development of the world.
②全球化促进竞争，推动发展
At the same time, globalization creates new possibilities and motivations for local cultural autonomy and identities. This “push down effect” of globalization is the reason
for the revival of local nationalism and local forms of cultural identity in all parts of the world. It may seem strange but the more we globalize, the more we localize.
3. 全球化的缺点
（1）经济：发展中国家的劳动力被剥削，资源被取用，国内产业受到冲击。
（2）社会文化：本土文化会被削弱，本土语言会受到威胁，文化多样性会逐步丧失。人们的生活习惯和购买习惯逐渐被改变。
（3）环境上，工业化生产和交通量的加大会增加温室气体的排放；旅游人数的增多会对自然环境构成威胁。
①全球化引发冲突：
Most importantly, critics of recent economic globalization see that these developments are not at all occurring in a vacuum, but feed into ethnic, religious, and factional tensions that lead to wars and help breed terrorism. Furthermore, these terrorists, now globally interconnected and empowered with knowledge, create a whole new category of warfare based, in part, on the disruption of the interconnections which are both created by and necessary for globalization. Some commentators believe the nation-state is ill-equipped to deal with this emergent threat.
②全球化对环境的破坏
The rise in worldwide trade and the increasing interaction between countries previously separated by trade barriers have stimulated a significant increase in transportation progresses at all geographical levels. This has caused a wide variety of threats to the environment. Thus, a demanding problem of globalization is formed by environmental decay caused by the rise in international transportation. The rise in international transportation could be partly blamed on the transport of globalized food. As more global corporations take over most of the aspects of farming, local resources and labors of small farms are decreasingly vanishing. This caused the people to buy and eat food that are grown overseas instead of the local areas, thus, causing and encouraging the amount of international transportation.
③全球化对本地经济的不良影响
The expansion of multinational companies accelerating international economic integration can bring remarkable benefits to the local country. During the process of interaction with foreign staff in multinationals, local staff can have access to the state-of-the-art technology, with which they could later create their own start-up companies or work for local corporations, thereby promoting technological advances and economic growth in developing countries. Moreover, they have the opportunity to learn the work ethics of another country, and then keep the essence of their cultural conventions, promoting cultural diversity in the host country.
五、核心词组与论句
以下，朗阁雅思培训中心资深写作专家针对此类话题，精选了一些核心话题学术性词汇和词组搭配，并根据核心学术词组搭配核心论句，以便备考时间不充裕的考生直接积累和使用。
diversity [da?'v??s?t?]
n. 多样性；差异
常见学术词组搭配：
cultural diversity 文化差异 // enormous/extraordinary/rich diversity 巨大/非凡/丰富的多样性 // a wide diversity of 多种多样的 // maintain/preserve diversity 保持/保护多样性
雅思写作例句：
(1). Tourists and businessmen make it possible for different nations to maintain continuous cultural exchanges, which substantially helps with preserving rich diversity in the world.（Tips: which引导非限制性定语从句；continuous表示连续不断的；help with doing sth表示有助于做某事）
游客和商人使国家间保持连续不断的文化交流成为可能，大大有助于保护世界丰富多样性的存在。(2). When a country tends to develop a closer relationship with the rest of the world, it does not necessarily give up its culture, or rather it would put more emphasis on the conservation of local features to preserve its cultural identities, so cultural diversity is actually not damaged but promoted.（Tips: when引导时间状语从句；so连接并列句；or rather表示更准确的说；put emphasis on sth表示强调；conservation/preserve表示保护；cultural identities表示文化身份；not...but...表示不是而是）
一个国家与他国发展更亲密的关系并不意味着它会放弃自己的文化，更准确的说，它可能会更加强调保护当地特色及文化身份，所以文化多样性不会被破坏而会被促进。
●exploit [?k'spl??t]
vt. 剥削；利用；开发
常见学术词组搭配：
exploit mercilessly/ruthlessly 残忍地剥削 // be open/vulnerable to exploitation 易受到剥削// struggle against exploitation 与剥削作斗争 // fully exploit/exploit...to the full 充分开发
雅思写作例句：
(1). It is often the case that jobs multinational corporations provide are not paid as much as they have to pay for similar jobs in their countries, by which I mean these companies are virtually making use of the cheaper labor force and ruthlessly exploiting workers in developing countries.（Tips: It is often the case that引导主语从句，表示经常出现的情况；by which I mean引导非限制性定语从句；virtually表示实际上；make use of表示利用；cheap labor force表示廉价劳动力）
经常出现的情况是，跨国公司支付当地员工的工资低于其本国同样工作所得薪水，也就是说这些公司其实是在利用发展中国家的廉价劳动力，残忍地剥削工人。
(2). Due to the backward economic development, employees in underdeveloped countries are usually cheap labor resources, who are vulnerable to exploitation by employers of foreign enterprises, so inviting them to open branches means allowing exploitation of local residents.（Tips: who引导非限制性定语从句；so连接并列句；backward表示落后的；foreign enterprises表示外企；local residents表示当地居民）
由于经济发展落后，欠发达国家的员工通常是廉价劳动力，他们容易受到外企老板的剥削，所以邀请这些公司在本地设立分部就意味着本地居民将会受到剥削。
●globalization [?glob?l?'ze?n]
n. 全球化
常见学术词组搭配：
economic/cultural globalization 经济/文化全球化 // globalization strategy 全球化战略 // the growing/increasing globalization 日益增长的全球化 // turn back the tide of globalization 逆转全球化的大趋势 // anti-globalization groups 反全球化群体
雅思写作例句：
(1). It is undeniable that the growing connection and independence of the world’s markets and businesses in contemporary society has made it impossible to turn back
the tide of globalization.（Tips: It is undeniable that引导主语从句表示不可否认；make it impossible to do sth不定式做宾语，it为形式宾语，表示不可能做某事）
不可否认，当今社会世界市场和商业中日益增多的联系和依赖已使全球化成为不可逆转的大趋势。(2). Anti-globalization groups insisting on the negative effects of globalization mainly emphasize its threat to local industries in underdeveloped countries as well as the multi-culture of different nations.（Tips: insisting非谓语动词做后置定语；insist on sth 表示坚持认为；underdeveloped countries表示欠发达国家；multi-culture表示多元文化）坚持认定全球化负面影响的反全球化群体主要强调它对欠发达国家本土产业以及世界多元文化的威胁。
●impoverished [?m'p?v?r??t]
adj. 贫穷的，穷困的
常见学术词组搭配：
impoverished/poverty-stricken countries 贫穷国家 // impoverished areas 穷困地区 // be impoverished by sth 因某物而贫穷 // impoverish the economy 导致经济困顿
雅思写作例句：
(1). In the tide of economic globalization, there exist some countries that are impoverished by a lack of advanced technology, so they can hardly benefit from globalization and even become marginalized, which would further enlarge the gap between the rich and poor.（Tips: there exist为there-be句式；that引导限定性定语从句；so连接并列句；which引导非限制性定语从句；a lack of表示缺乏；marginalized表示边缘化的）
在经济全球化的大潮中，有一些国家因为缺乏先进的技术而贫穷落后，因而很难从全球化中获利甚至会被边缘化，这会进一步拉大贫富差距。
●integrate ['?nt?gre?t]
V. 使成整体，使结合；成为一体
常见学术词组搭配：
tightly/closely integrate 紧密整合 // integrate…with…使结合// integrate into 融入// international economic integration国际经济一体化 // accelerate/speed up integration 加速一体化
雅思写作例句：
(1). The booming international trade can closely integrate a wide range of resources of different countries, which enables many nations to share resources to achieve the goal of complementing each other’s s trengths.（Tips: which引导非限制性定语从句；a wide range表示多种多样的；achieve the goal表示实现目标；complement each other’s strengths表示优势互补）
国际贸易的繁荣很好地整合了不同国家多种多样的资源，使很多国家资源共享，实现了优势互补。(2). The increased flow of trade, capital, technology and people across national boundaries, especially the expansion of multinational companies, has accelerated international economic integration and the process of globalization.（Tips: flow表示流动；across national boundaries表示跨越国界；expansion表示扩张；the process of globalization表示全球化进程）
国家间贸易、资金、技术和人口流动的增多，特别是跨国公司的扩张，加速了国际经济一体化和全球化的进程。
interaction [?nt?r'?k?(?)n]
n. 相互影响；互动，交往
常见学术词组搭配：
increased interaction 互动的增多 // interaction with sb 与某人交往 // social interaction 社
会交往 // face-to-face interaction 面对面互动
雅思写作例句：
(1). The increased interaction between locals and foreigners helps to stimulate cultural exchanges, resulting in people understanding and accepting different cultures that exist. （Tips: resulting in非谓语动词做结果伴随状语；that引导定语从句；stimulate表示促进；cultural exchanges/communication表示文化交流）
当地人和外国人之间互动的增多促进了文化交流，使人们了解并接受存在的不同文化。
(2). During the process of interaction with foreign staff in multinational companies, local employees have the opportunity to learn the work ethics and cultural conventions of another country and vice versa, resulting in deeper understanding on mutual cultural background.（Tips: resulting非谓语动词做伴随状语；work ethics表示工作理念，职业道德；cultural conventions表示文化传统；vice versa表示反之亦然；mutual表示相互的，彼此的）
在与跨国公司中外国员工交往的过程中，本地员工有机会了解到另一个国家的工作理念甚至是文化传统，反之亦然，因此他们对彼此文化背景的了解变得更加深刻。
●invade [?n've?d]
v. 侵入；侵扰；涌入
常见学术词组搭配：
invade foreign/local markets 侵入外国/当地市场 //cultural invasion 文化入侵 // full-scale invasion 全面侵入
雅思写作例句：
(1). When powerful multinationals invade local markets with their goods, they often compel local companies with fewer resources to go bankrupt and even withdraw from the market.（Tips: when引导时间状语从句；compel sb to do逼迫某人做某事；go bankrupt表示破产；withdraw from表示退出）
当实力强大的跨国公司用自己的商品侵入当地市场时，资源较少的本地公司往往会被迫走上破产甚至退出市场的道路。
(2). Native businessmen oppose the open trade and full-scale invasion of multinational companies in different nations because they would destroy the native orthodox culture and put local industries in jeopardy.（Tips: because引导原因状语从句；open trade表示开放的贸易；orthodox culture表示传统文化；put sth in jeopardy表示使某物处于危险状态）
本地商人反对贸易开放和跨国公司的全面侵入，因为这些会破坏当地的传统文化，还会使地方产业处于危险之中。
●multinational [m?lt?'n??(?)n(?)l]
adj. 跨国公司的；多国的 // n. 跨国公司
常见学术词组搭配：
multinational companies/corporations/enterprises 跨国公司 //giant multinational 大型跨
国公司 // leading multinational 领先的跨国公司
雅思写作例句：
(1). A giant multinational’s opening foreign branches in a specific country could create hundreds of thousands of job opportunities for its local citizens, and therefore the unemployment rate would be lowered to some extent.（Tips: opening非谓语动词做主语；
and therefore连接并列句表示结果；foreign branches表示国外分支机构；hundreds of thousands of表示数十万的；unemployment rate表示失业率；lower表示降低）
在某个国家设立国外分支机构的大型跨国公司能够为当地居民创造数十万计的工作机会，因而会在一定程度上降低失业率。
●state-of-the-art [,ste?t ?v e?'ɑ:t]
adj. 最先进的，顶尖的，达到最高水准的
常见学术词组搭配：
state-of-the-art technology 最先进技术 // state-of-the-art facilities 一流的现代化设施 // state-of-the-art health care 最先进的医疗保健
雅思写作例句：
(1). Local employees of multinational corporations can have access to the state-of-the-art technology, with which they could later create their own start-up companies or work for local corporations, thereby promoting technological advances and economic growth in developing countries.（Tips: with which引导非限制性定语从句；promoting非谓语动词做伴随状语；have access to表示可以接近；start-up companies表示创业公司；technological advances/progress表示技术进步）
在跨国公司工作的当地员工可以接触到最先进的技术，日后可以创立自己的公司或在当地企业工作，因而会促进发展中国家技术的进步和经济的发展。
(2). The international business made possible by air travel and telecommunication has enabled businessmen from less developed countries to introduce the state-of-the-art facilities from prosperous nations to develop and expand their business.（Tips: made 非谓语动词做后置定语；telecommunication表示远程通讯；introduce表示引入；prosperous表示繁荣富裕的；expand business表示壮大生意）
因航空旅行和远程通讯得益的国际商业使欠发达国家的商人们能够从富裕国家引入一流的现代化设施来发展壮大自己的生意。
●sustainable [s?'ste?n?b(?)l]
adj. 可持续的
常见学术词组搭配：
sustainable development 可持续发展// achieve overall sustainable development 实现整体上的可持续发展 // sustainable growth 可持续增长
雅思写作例句：
(1). The effective interaction among countries at different levels has made it possible for the world to achieve overall sustainable development.（Tips: at different levels表示处于不同水平；make it possible for...to do表示使某事成为可能）
不同水平国家间的有效互动往来使世界实现整体上的可持续发展成为可能。
（本文来自朗阁教育雅思培训考试教研组，供广大考生学习使用，转载请注明出处）
雅思写作语料库--人们如何保障饮食健康
Scientists believe that eating fast food is harmful to one’s health. Some people think that education can help them change that bad habit. Others, however, argue that education does not work.Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. 科学家认为吃快餐有害健康，有人认为教育可以帮助人们改变这个不良习惯，有人认为教育不起作用，讨论两种观点。(2010年12月11日雅思考试题目) 【名师点评】讨论两种观点，可以使用第一人称口吻，也可以使用第三人称口吻。【作家立场】保障健康饮食，教育是起到一定的积极作用，但是，健康饮食不能仅仅依靠教育。 【思路拓展】 ①青少年是快餐的主要消费者，快餐含有过多的糖分、脂肪、热量，长期食用有害健康。所以，青少年应该成为教育的主体。 ②为了减少快餐对于消费者的不良影响，除了教育以外，政府也该承担责任。例如，美国政府已经限制肯德基捆绑销售儿童套餐的商业行为。 【范文赏析】 【首段】背景介绍+ 作家立场 So prevailing are the fast foods that some teenagers are in the habit eating junk foods nearly every week. From the perspective of some
nutritionists, too much intake of sugar, calorie and fat is undoubtedly health-threatening, for fast food, in most cases, is low in nutritional value. People differ greatly in their views as to how to foster wholesome dietary habit. As I see it, educating the public about the dangers of unhealthy eating, regulating baneful sales and food advertisements to children and lowering the price of healthy foods should be used together to help people keep fit. 【二段】 Granted, one effective way to promote a healthy diet is to educate people about the potential risks of unhealthy diet. Modern people might opt for healthier meals and snacks if they are taught that fast foods are high in salt, fat and sugar. To illustrate, I myself changed my unwholesome eating habits after watching television programs on how to preserve health. Also, while it is of great significance to educate adult eater, schoolchildren should be main target for education because they are not only in their formative years but also the regular eaters of fast foods. 【三段】 In addition to education, other ways to promote healthy eating are not far to seek. First, methods should be adopted to strictly censor those
2015年雅思写作大作文真题解析
2015年6月6日雅思写作（一） 题目类别society 提问方式Discussion 考试题目 Some people prefer to provide help and support directly to those in their local community who need it. Others, however prefer to give money to national and international charitable organizations. Discuss both views and give your opinion. 有人认为给需要救助的人自己的帮助更加可取，有人认为给有需求的国家或国际援助组织提供经济援助更加重要，讨论两种观点，给出你的意见。 Although people in industrialized countries lead a high standard of living, it is undeniable that there are still 1.2 billion people living below the poverty line. In order to solve poverty-related problems, I feel that all kinds of help should be encouraged and respected. Giving a helping hand to those who are in need in the local community seems reasonable. It is because even in the richest countries, there are still a lot of people, such as disabled people and orphanages, suffering from famine and extreme poverty. For this reason, it is easy and convenient for us to help our fellow citizens, such as donating food or clothing to them, so that we can see the result of our actions immediately. By contrast, it is rather difficult to track expenditure of international aids, which might result in corruption in some cases. Those who donate money to domestic and international charities believe that the collection of money has a tremendous effect on the poor countries compared with other forms of help. This is because few people are able to donate a large amount of money to construct schools, hospitals and roads in poor areas. Instead, governments and charities can achieve this. International aids can also purchase vaccines which are available in developed countries by using the money raised worldwide and save millions children’s life. In my view, minor proportion of donated money and other sorts of help should be appreciated equally as long as the money reaches to those who need it desperately. The government could run campaign and encourage door-to door help. At the same time, charitable organizations should make every penny count for donors.(word count：274)
顾家北手把手教你雅思写作全文翻译表格
本文档配合《顾家北手把手教你雅思写作（剑10）》版使用使用方法：每句话下面预留两行空格， 第一行写自己的翻译，第二行写顾家北的翻译与批阅。 全文翻译1：遵守规则论述类题目写作要点 Some people think that children should obey the rules or do what their parents and teachers want them to do. Other people think children controlled too much cannot deal with problem themselves in adulthood. Discuss both views and state your own opinion.
全文翻译2：老龄化社会+观点类( advantage/disadvantage ) +段落的数量In many countries, the proportion of older people is steadily increasing. Does this trend have positive or negative effects on society?
全文翻译3：看电视学习+观点类( agree/disagree ) +写作要点
Some people believe that children can learn effectively by watching TV and they should be encouraged to watch TV both at home and at school. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
雅思写作流程图解析
雅思写作流程图解析 朗阁海外考试研究中心刘雅敏 相比较其它小作文题型，雅思写作中的流程图对于很多考生来说都会感觉束手无策，尤其 是拿到题目时无从下手。这主要是由流程图的考察重点决定的。不同于图表题型在表达方 式上的固定，流程图更加能够考察考生“真正的”词汇量。虽然流程图出题频率不算高（去 年48场A类考试中，流程图出现6次），且普遍集中在工业生产过程和自然现象这两类，但题材差距很大，2014年的6场考试以及今年出现的2次流程图的具体题材如下： 由于题材不同，所以每次考试的词汇要求都不同，这无疑增加了考生的备考难度。 另外，一般情况下流程图都是以图片而非数字形式出现，所以有不少刚接触流程图的同学 认为它更接近大作文的语言风格。其实不然，流程图的文章风格偏客观描述，而且与其它 小作文题型一样，流程图还有一个特点——主要扩展顺序为时间顺序，这一点不同于大作 文主要以逻辑顺序为扩展顺序。无论大作文还是小作文，逻辑性是一切文章的灵魂，而要 想使流程图的写作逻辑严密，就要按照时间顺序展开，并加入恰当的时间顺序连接词。 除了小作文的共性外，流程图又有自身在表达方式上的特殊要求。具体而言，要注意两点：动词的使用和三大句型的运用。 一、动词的使用
考生面临的比较普遍的问题就是：图里面的词汇可能认识的只有一半，碰到这种情况，考 生应尽量猜，运用常识和看图猜词意。图里面可能会给出一定数量的动词，也可能没有给出。具体而言，一般会出现三种情况： 1. 图详细＋注解详细 流程图中出现过的词汇可以使用一次，第二次出现的时候尽量换成其同义词甚至可以是近 义词。但即使猜出了大概含义，找出同义替换仍然比较困难。对此，有两种解决方案： 1). “名词动用”，如果原图给出了某个词的名词形式，在你的作文中可以将其转变成该词 的动词形式。同理，形容词可以换成副词（通常在该形容词后加-ly），副词变成形容词。 比如剑桥真题6 Test 3的范文中：原图第二个步骤中的“food”, 作者改成了动词“feed”。 2). 根据“下义词”，找出其“上义词”，比如说“furnace”（熔炉）在“玻璃瓶的回收”之类的 流程图中都会出现，我们称之为“下义词”（即含义较具体），而其“上义词”（即概括性较 强的表达）可以是“a container”。 2. 图详细＋注解简略 这种情况要求考生把图片中出现的、而注解中表述比较简略而省掉的信息运用考生会的表 达方式补充出来，尤其注意动词的使用。比如：“玻璃瓶的回收”这一流程中有个步骤是把 碎玻璃倒进熔炉里面将其融化，图片画得较详细：一个椭圆形的鼎样容器，上面画的温度 计显示融化玻璃的具体温度数值，燃料是用木炭还是煤炭还是天然气……但下面的注解可 能只有三个单词：the melting process。显然，我们不可能只用这三个单词描述这一步骤，原因很简单，即考生都熟悉的一个悲剧——图描述完了，字数没写够！遇到这种情况，建议考生用自己的话把图表信息补充完整。 3. 图简略＋注解更简略 同样还是以“玻璃瓶的回收”流程为例，其中一个步骤是玻璃瓶被重塑成新瓶子、并注入相 应液体产品后，被卡车送到超市，消费者购买并使用。该步骤在原图中只出现了两个名词——“supermarket”和“customers”。实战中有相当数量的考生只用一句话说完了这个步骤（比如：These bottles are transported by trucks to supermarkets, and then they would be bought by consumers.）。这种写法与上面的写法后果是一样的——
雅思写作词句语料库(双页)
adolescent(s)/juvenile(s)/youngster(s)/youth(s) n.青少年 adolescent adj.青春期的 parenting/upbringing n.家庭教育，教养 schooling n. 学校教育 aptitude/talent (for) n.（有……的）天赋 cultivate/foster/nurture v. 培养 specialist n.专才 generalist n.（有多方面知识和经验的）通才 all-rounded/well-rounded/versatile adj.全面的，多面的，多才多艺的awareness/sense/recognition n.意识 the development of students’personality and values 学生个性和价值观的发展mould (or mold美式拼写) one’s character塑造某人的性格 mould (or mold美式拼写) sb. into sth. 把某人塑造成…… a (or the ) sense of responsibility (or duty/obligation)责任感 improve moral standard 提高道德标准
小、
，例如色情和
delete/eliminate/excise v. 删除evaluate v. 评价、评估 the evaluation on 对……的评价或评估 be ?ooded (or ?lled/awash/saturated/inundated) with... 充斥着 excessive and gratuitous violent and pornographic contents 过多的、无端的暴力与色情内容 at the expense/cost of 以……为代价 media hype 媒体炒作advertising hype 广告炒作 hype n. 炒作，大肆吹捧 v. 对 ……大肆宣传，吹捧commercial(s) n. 商业广告public service advertising 公益广告 evoke (or stimulate) impulse buying 刺激冲动性购物shopaholic(s) n. 购物狂promotion n. 促销 marketing tool 市场营销手段 induce sb. to do sth. 诱导或引诱某人做某事 target audience 目标受众sensationalise (or sensationalize 美式拼写) /exaggerate v. 耸人听闻地夸大某事，大肆渲染 over-report...to hook viewers and maximise pro ?ts 为了利益最大化，从而过度报道……来吸引公众的眼球 道德规范（尤指职业的） 良好的/较强的/无懈可击的职业道德adj. 无所不在的，普遍存在的……的流行或盛行对……有着深远的影响 揭露社会问题 监督非常详尽地报道…… 如实的描述、报道adj. 有新闻价值的，有报道价值的adj. 最新的，及时的adj. 客观公正的adj. 不客观的，有偏见的 adj. 可信的，可靠的 adj. 令人误导的，不如实报道的，曲解的adj. 虚假的adj. 欺骗性的 adj. 信息量大的，增长见闻的adj. 娱乐性的，令人愉快的 v. & n. 审查n. 审查制度 对……实施审查 v. 影响，左右 (e.g. sway sb./sb. be swayed by... 影响某人或者某人受到影响)
2015年6月6日 雅思大作文解析
2015-6-6 Task 2 An ask 2 Analysis Some people p ople prefer to provide help and support directly to loca local community who need it. Others prefer to give money to national and international charitable organizations. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.有?人喜欢直接帮助社区中需要帮助的?人。也有些?人喜欢把钱投给国内或国际慈善组织。讨论这两个观点并且表达你?自?己的想法。 1Topic 话题 Charity 2Question type 题型Discuss 3 5W ANALYZE THE QUESTION审题 （WHO+what+when+where+why+how） WHO: people WHAT: do charity How: direct support vs money donation Where: local vs national & international 4identify key words and their synonyms 关键词理解 support directly=direct involvement give money to=donate charitable organizations=charities 5identify all the writing tasks 确定全部写作任务 1. some people prefer direct help 2. others donate to non-pro?t organizations 3. own opinion Brainstorming and organ d organizing ideas 写作思路 Direct support Donation to non-profit 6Necessary: 必要性 组织运作不当，造成损失: charity frauds Bene?ts: 重要性 积极参与：direct involvement 及时?高效: concretely helping ?立竿?见影: make a signi?cant difference Necessary: 必要性 有些问题单纯本地解决不了 not easy to tackle at the local level Bene?ts: 重要性 资本有效运作：Meet more basic needs with fewer dollars 减税福利：tax bene?ts for helping globally
雅思真题作文解析定稿版
雅思真题作文解析 HUA system office room 【HUA16H-TTMS2A-HUAS8Q8-HUAH1688】
生活质量下降的原因及解决方案 要求： 【题目要求】 Today，the quality of life in large cities is decreasing . What are the causes and solutions? 【题目讲解】 报告类题目，难度不大，思路要点在于解决方法与原因分析的对应性。 第一段：开头 第二段：原因——环境污染，健康问题，工作压力 第三段：解决——绿色科技+绿化，健康意识+运动设施，学会自我减压 第四段：结尾
【写作范文】 In recent decades, a large number of young population surge into major cities to pursue a better life, but to their disappointment, the quality of city life is not as high as they expected. The fundamental reason for declining quality of life should be the centralization of various societal resources, such as hospitals, education institutions, large companies and so forth. Centralizing fine resources in a place is originally why a city is founded, but over concentration can lead to high density of population who come to share these resources by being employed or starting a business, and cause problems in many social aspects including traffic congestion, high living cost, severe pollution, etc. Ironically, in spite of tight squeeze in small flats, city dwellers have no opportunity to develop close relationships with their family, friends and neighborhoods and the reason for such social isolation is that young people are busy competing for precious opportunities for a successful career and life, leaving little time for their personal life. To tackle these problems, diverse measures should be taken but the most effective one should be to uproot the resource centralization. By that I mean to move some industry, business and services from metropolises to smaller
雅思写作语料库--小组学习和自己学习
Some people believe that students should study in groups. Others think that they should study alone. What are the benefits of studying in groups and studying alone? Which way is more effective? 有人认为学生们应该小组学习，有人认为学生们应该自己学习，小组学习和自己学习利好各在哪里，你认为何种方式有效? 【思路拓展】 小组学习的利好： 1. 小组讨论，集思广益，例证展开：小组讨论数学题的解题思路，小组讨论作文的头脑风暴。 2. 有良好的学习氛围，可以帮助缺乏自律性的孩子们专注于学习，提高学习效率。 3. 有效的方式结实新朋友，锻炼人的口才，交流能力以及团队精神。 自己学习的利好： 1. 培养了自己的独立思考以及解决问题的能力，学习上不会对他人产生过度的依赖。 2. 小组学习更加容易培养人的分析性思维，理性思维和辩证思维的能力。 点评：论据支持可以学习历史和哲学，以及中学生学习国际新闻 【作者立场】
小组学习和自己学习各有优势，选择应该由个人做出，我过去常常一个人学习，虽然可以独立思考，但是未能感知小组讨论和交流的乐趣，因此，有机会，我更加渴望小组学习。 点评：主题观点是模仿雅思考官男女分校的范文 【原创语料库】 1. group study 小组学习 2. to study with a group of fellow classmates 和同龄人一起学习 拓展：a group of fellow classmates = peers 同龄人 3. focus on self-improvement 专注于自我提高 4. zero in on academic study = concentrate on learning专注学习(写作亮点) 5. a great many self-leaner 很多的自学者 6. achieve academic success 取得学习的成功 7. enhance the efficiency of learning 提高学习效率 8. face-to-face communication could …… 面对面交流可以…… 9. positive interaction w ith …… 和…… 积极的互动
如何从根本上提升雅思写作水平之逻辑篇
如何从根本上提升雅思写作水平之 逻辑篇 写作老师经验分享, 如何从根本上提升雅思写作水平之逻 辑篇，今天给大家带来如何从根本上提升雅思写作水平之逻辑篇,希望可以帮助到大家，下面就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。 写作老师经验分享如何从根本上提升雅思写作水平之逻辑篇 我们来拿一个真题和一个类似于真题的题进行说明： 20XX0328 Some people say that communication by using computers and phones will have side effects on young people’s writing and reading skills. To what extent do you agree or disagree? 改编题： Some people say that the use of using computers and phones will have side effects on young people’s communication. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
请各位同学想一想，这两个问题是一样的么?劳烦各位思考个3分钟，然后继续往下翻~如果你觉得并没有很大差别，那估计真的碰到这个题目的话，6.5分是很勉强的。 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 我们先来说改编题： side effects: 1. face-to-face communication减少，感情可能变淡 positive effects: 1. be able to contact people without geographical limitation; in the past, it may be impossible to say Hi to a foreign friend. 2. be able to contact friends or partners quickly, no need to wait for responses; in the past, writing letters really wastes a lot of time and sometimes letters may be lost. 我们再来说真题： side effects: 1. writing abilities会下降，因为写信的频率降低了，handwriting当然变差
雅思写作案例分析详解
Some industrialized countries have serious environmental problems. The damage to the environment is an inevitable result when a country tends to improve the standard of living. To what extent do you agree or disagree. 正文： Nowadays, environmental problems is (are/have been) one of the most serious phenomenon (Chinglish, 改为dangerous issues)that threat almost some(every) industrialized countries are facing. However, whether only countries use the resource in environment to increase the quality of life is a controversial issue. （我觉得应该改为：Thus, it is controversial that many countries have adapted the technics of excessively exploiting natural resources in order to accelerate economic development.）In my opinion, it is unavoidable that countries break the surrounding(破坏环境？不这样搭配) if they want to develop the industry and the level of life. (In my opinion, comparatively damage to the environment in the process of developing comprehensive national strength is an inevitable result.) Nowadays, environmental problems have been one of the most dangerous issues that threat almost every industrialized countries. Thus, it is controversial that many countries have adapted the technics of excessively exploiting natural resources in order to accelerate economic development. In my opinion, comparatively damage to the environment in the process of developing comprehensive national strength is an inevitable result. First, it is obvious that for our life(？), the purpose of long-term human activity is to make industrial development（make development没有这个用法哦）and improve the quality of life. This means that there are more and more rubbishes when we are working.（为什么用这么多there be 句型呢）Therefore, if we want to promote the economic （promote economy）, we may damage our environment in the daily life.（in the daily life 很生硬, 改为in unconscious ways） Firstly, the very existence of human beings indeed exerts various influences on the natural environment, such as water pollution, disafforestation and the greenhouse effect. Besides that, human waste pollution has become more and more noteworthy with the fast sprawl of urban districts concerning the unprecedentedly speed of economic development. Moreover, with the population growing by （没这个搭配哈, with the amount of population growing/increasing 差不多）, we need a loads of resource（resources）to support our life. For example, it is allowed by government that every family can get child more than one since 2014 in China.(普遍二胎政策不是这样翻译的哈，还是自己要多查资料) So it maybe（may）consume more resources than before. (it consume，it指代的是什么？) Moreover, larger pollution demands greater amounts of resources to support, a phenomenon that consequently adds more man-made pressure to the natural environment. For instance, Chinese government has issued the universal two-child policy which originally aims at optimizing the demographic structure but may simultaneously bring greater demands of natural resources from the environment.
雅思写作小作文必备语料库
雅思写作小作文必备语料库 动态图形词汇 上升 -rise, increase, grow, climb, jump，go up, an upward trend shoot up (informal)，ascend -rocket, soar, swell, surge, skyrocket, mushroom, escalate, on the rise，on the increase 相关单词用法 下降 -drop, decrease, go down, decline, fall, descend, sink, dip, an downward trend., -plummet, Plunge, slump, dive, nosedive 相关单词用法 不变、平稳等 -keep/remain/stay stable/steady/unchanged/constant（不变） -maintain the same level -experience a stable trend, -level off at（上升或下降之后）/ level out at（上升之后）/ -hover at/ stabilize at/ reached a plateau at 波动 fluctuate/rise and fall, vary, undulating; be volatile/ variable; 高点、低点： ?reach the highest point，reach(arrive at/hit) a peak(summit) at+数字(用hit 时动作较剧烈)，peak at+数字 ?reach/fall to/arrive at/hit the bottom/the lowest point at数字，bottom out at数字，(用hit时动作较剧烈) 其他点 ?起始点： n. starting point v. start/begin/end at ?交叉点： It is worth/deserves mentioning that 1）.A和B在...处拥有相同数值 A and B share the same amount/number in 2）.A在...处超过B A outstrip/overtake/outnumber/go beyond B in... ?表示达到了多少数量的及物动词或词组 Reach/arrive at/ amount to / hit/ register/ stand at
雅思写作地图题深度解析(上)
雅思写作地图题深度解析（上） 朗阁海外考试研究中心姜芮 在雅思小作文中，流程图和地图题无疑对于广大考生来说都有不小的威胁，很多考生在遇到此类型的题目时，会变得手足无措，不知道应该从何写起。许多考生抱着侥幸的心里，往往不重视此类小众题目的备考，结果作文分数受到了很大的影响。在本系列文章中，朗阁海外考试研究中心写作组的专家将着重对雅思写作地图题做一个深度解析。 我们用两个经典的地图题真题为例，在近两年出现的数次地图题中，多数都是属于这类“三格地图”。 WRITING TASK 1 You should spend about 20 minutes on this task. The diagram below shows the development of the village of Kelsby between 1780 and 2000.
Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant. Write at least 150 words. 在审题过程中我们需要特别注意以下几点： 1. 时态：关注时态是小作文能否取得高分的关键，同样对于地图题，我们也应该很好地注意时态，本文的时间是明确的，都是过去的时间，因此全文应当使用一般过去时。 2. 顺序：该图属于动态的地图题，这种类型的地图题一律按照时间顺序来写。在这道题中，也就是按照图的顺序依次来写，不要把元素拆开。如果是静态的地图题（即不涉及时间变化的题型），则按照空间顺序来写。在描述单幅地图时，我们可以采取上北下南的顺序描述，或者从左到右的顺序也可以，但值得注意的是，如果地图上有明显的方向标示，那就要根据这个标示来描述。 下面我们一起来分析文章的写作。 第一段：Introduction 引言段就是把题目进行改写。原文中的diagram，可以替换成figure，原文中的shows，可以改为illustrate, demonstrate, reveal, indicate等词。宾语development，可以替换成transformations，也可以改为宾语从句how the village of Kelsby developed/ changed. 题目中给出的时间比较模糊，可以具体化为in 1780, 1860 and 2000. 【例文】The three maps illustrate how the village of Kelsby changed in 1780, 1860 and 2000. 第二段：描述1780年的地图 1780年的情况只涉及到静态的数据，因此只需要用存在句即可表达，不涉及任何变化的单词。但是，考生非常容易把这些元素全部用there be这个句型来表达，从而导致句式单一。表示存在的句型除了there be之外，还有非常简单的have句型，还有lie/ be located/ be situated这样的结构。另外还有一种倒装句型，比如“桌子上面有一本书”，可以翻译为on the desk is a book. 除此之外，要注意几个元素的顺序问题。这里有四大元素：住宅区homes，树林woods，农场farms，还有一条河流river。理论上只要按照一定的空间顺序（比如顺时针、逆时针，从左到右）都是可以的，但是要考虑家庭数量的变化是导致其它所有变化的根本原因，因此建议先写住宅区homes。 还有就是土地单位的表达，land是不可数名词，因此不能说a land，只能说a piece of land。为了表达更加精确，可以用a plot of land（一小块），a stretch of（一长片），a large expanse of（一大片）。 另外朗阁海外考试研究中心提醒考生们还要注意方位词的表达。地图题中常用的方位词有：in the east/ west/ south/ north of ...; in the eastern/ western/ southern northern part of ...; 如果是在角落，可以用in the southwestern corner of ...; 在河流的上/下游：at the lower/ upper reaches of the river; 在河岸：alongside the riverbank; 在河流的南端：at the southern end of the river.