2016专四新题型：完形填空模拟练习(一)(二)(三)(四)(五)

2016年专四专八改革，完型填空由原始20个选择题，变为15选10 的选词填空(与四六级形式一致)。考试吧将根据改革后的新题型为专四考生设置2016专四新题型：完形填空模拟练习，供考生们参考。

(一)

Complaints should be made to a responsible person. Go back to the shop where you bought the goods, taking with you any(36)you may have. Ask to see the buyer in a large store. In a small store the assistant may also be the owner so you can complain(37). In a chain store ask to see the manager.

Even the bravest person finds it difficult to complain face to face, so if you do not want to do it in (38),write a letter. Be sure to39to the facts and keep a copy of what you write. At this stage you should give any receipt numbers, but you should not need to give receipts or other papers to prove you bought the article. If you are not(40)with the answer you get, or if you do not get a reply, write to the managing director of the firm, shop, or organization. Be sure to keep copies of your own letters and any you receive.

If your complaint is a just one, the shopkeeper may offer to(41) or repair the faulty article. You may find this an(42) solution. In certain cases you may have the right to refuse the goods and ask for your money back,but this is only where you have hardly used the goods and have acted at once. Even when you cannot refuse the goods you may be able to get some money back as well. And if you have suffered some(43)loss, if for example a new washing machine tears your clothes, you might receive money to replace them. If the shopkeeper offers you a credit note to be used to buy goods in the same shops but you would rather have money, say so. If you accept a credit note remember that later you will not be able to ask for your money. If the shopkeeper refuses to give you money, ask for(44) from your Citizens' Advice Bureau before you accept a credit note. In some cases the shopkeeper does not have to give you your money back--if, for example, he changes an article simply because you don't like it or it does not fit. He does not hive to take back the goods in these(45).

A. intimate

B. attractive

C. person

D. attachment

E. satisfied

F. receipt

G. contaminate

H. replace

I. special

J. stick

K.vigorously

L. advice

M. circumstances

N. directly

O. petitions

投诉应该找负责人。带上你可能有的任何[36]收据，返回你购买商品的商店。在大商店里，要求见进货员。在小商店里，店员也可能是店主，所以你可以[37]直接投诉。在连锁商店里，要求见经理。

即便是最勇敢的人也会觉得当面投诉很困难，所以，如果不想E3S]当面投诉，你可以写信。确保所写[39]属实，并把你所写的容复印一份自己保留。在这个阶段，你应该提供所有的收据单号，但是你无需提供收据或其他文件来证明你买了这件商品。如果你对所得到的回复不[40]满意，或者如果你没得到回复，要写信给这家公司、商店或组织的总经理。务必将你自己写的信以及你收到的任何来信备份。如果你的投诉是合理的，店主可能会提出[41]退换或修理有问题的物品。你可能会觉得这是个[42]很吸引人的解决方法。在某些情况下，你或许有权拒绝接受这件商品并要求退款，但这只有在你几乎没用过这件商品并即时采取行动的情况下才可以。即使你无法拒绝这件商品，你或许也能拿回些退款。

而且，如果你遭受了一些[43]特殊的损失，例如，如果一台新洗衣机把你的衣服弄破了，你也许会获得损失的赔偿。如果店主给你提供信用证，让你在同样的商店里购买商品时使用，而你更希望他给你钱，那么你就该说出来。如果你接受了信用证，请记住，你之后就不能索要退款了。如果店主拒绝给你钱，你可以在接受信用证前向公民咨询局征求[44]意见。在一些情况下，店主不需要给你退款——比如，因为你不喜欢某件商品或这件商品不适合你，而他也给你换了货的话，在这些[45]情况下，他不需要收回商品并退款。

（二）

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on.Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.

Many of the aids which are advertised as liberating the modem woman tend to have the opposite effect,because they simply change the nature of work instead of eliminating it. Machines have a certain novelty value,like toys for adults. It is (36 )less tiring to put clothes in a washing machine, but the time saved does not really37too much: the machine has to be watched, the clothes have to be carefully sorted first, stains38by hand, buttons pushed and water changed, clothes taken out, aired and ironed.

It would be more liberating to pack it all off to a(39)and not necessarily more expensive, since no capital investment is required. Similarly, if you really want to save time you do not make cakes with an electric mixer, you buy one in a shop. If one compares the image of domesticated woman fostered by the women's magazines with the goods advertised by those periodicals, advertising which finances them, one realizes how useful a projected image can be in commerce. A careful (40) has to be struck: if you show a labor-saving gadget, follow it up with a(41)recipe on the next page; on no account hint at the notion that a woman could get herself a job, but instead foster her sense of her own usefulness,(42) the creative aspect of her function as a housewife. So we get cake mixes where the cook simply adds an egg herself, to produce "that lovely home-baked(43)the family love",and knitting patterns that can be made by hand, or worse still, on knitting machines, which became a tremendous vogue when they were first(44) (difficult to know who would wear all those rapidly produced sweaters, which lacked the advantages of hand-made woolens). Automatic cookers are advertised by pictures of pretty young mothers taking their children to the park, not by(45)women presetting the dinner before catching a bus to the office.

A. laundry

B. exaggerate

C . emphasize

D. certainly

E. indignant

F. removed

G. amount

H. excessively

I. complicated

J. handled

K. flavor

L. professional

M. introduced

N. calculation

O. balance

广告上所说的许多可以解放现代妇女的辅助设备往往会产生相反的效果，因为它们只是改变了劳动的性质而并没有消除劳动。机器有某种新颖的价值，就像成年人的玩具一样。把衣服放进洗衣机[36]确实可以轻松些，但所节省出的时间[37]总量却实在没有太多：机器需要有人看着，先得把衣服认真分好类。用手把污渍[38]洗掉，还得按按钮、换水，然后取出衣物、晾干、熨平。

把所有衣服打包送到[39]洗衣房反而更加省事，而且也未必更贵，因为不需要任何资本投资。同样.如果你真的想节约时间，你就不会用电动搅拌机来做蛋糕，而是去商店里买。如果你将女性杂志所培育出来的居家女性形象与那些给它们提供经费的期刊、广告里所宣传的商品相比较的话，你就会意识到树立形象在商业上是多么有用。你需要小心地建立一种[40]平衡：如果你展示了一个省力的小器具，那么，紧接着下一页就要展示一个[41]复杂的要诀;绝不能做出这种暗示，即女人可以找到一份工作，而是要培养她自身的价值意识，[42]

强调她作为家庭主妇时富有创意的一面。因此，我们准备好现成的蛋糕粉，烹饪者只要自己加个鸡蛋进去就能做出“那种家人喜爱的、诱人的家庭烘焙的[43]风味”。还有可以手工编织的图案，或者更糟糕的是，可以用编织机织出的编织图案，而在编织机刚被[44]引进时，这些东西十分流行(很难知道谁会穿上那些迅速生产出来的毛衣，它们缺乏手工编织的毛织物的优势)。自动化炊具的广告图片上是美丽的年轻母亲带着孩子到公园玩，而不是[45]职业女性在赶公交车土班前预先准备好晚饭的场景。

（三）

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank mare than once.

Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.

Complaints should be made to a responsible person. Go back to the shop where you bought the goods, taking with you any(36)you may have. Ask to see the buyer in a large store. In a small store the assistant may also be the owner so you can complain(37). In a chain store ask to see the manager.

Even the bravest person finds it difficult to complain face to face, so if you do not want to do it in (38),write a letter. Be sure to39to the facts and keep a copy of what you write. At this stage you should give any receipt numbers, but you should not need to give receipts or other papers to prove you bought the article. If you are not(40)with the answer you get, or if you do not get a reply, write to the managing director of the firm, shop, or organization. Be sure to keep copies of your own letters and any you receive.

If your complaint is a just one, the shopkeeper may offer to(41) or repair the faulty article. You may find this an(42) solution. In certain cases you may have the right to refuse the goods and ask for your money back,but this is only where you have hardly used the goods and have acted at once. Even when you cannot refuse the goods you may be able to get some money back as well. And if you have suffered some(43)loss, if for example a new washing machine tears your clothes, you might receive money to replace them. If the shopkeeper offers you a credit note to be used to buy goods in the same shops but you would rather have money, say so. If you accept a credit note remember that later you will not be able to ask for your money. If the shopkeeper refuses to give you money, ask for(44) from your Citizens' Advice Bureau before you accept a credit note. In some cases the shopkeeper does not have to give you your money back--if, for example, he changes an article simply because

you don't like it or it does not fit. He does not hive to take back the goods in these(45).

A. intimate

B. attractive

C. person

D. attachment

E. satisfied

F. receipt

G. contaminate

H. replace

I. special

J. stick

K.vigorously

L. advice

M. circumstances

N. directly

O. petitions

投诉应该找负责人。带上你可能有的任何[36]收据，返回你购买商品的商店。在大商店里，要求见进货员。在小商店里，店员也可能是店主，所以你可以[37]直接投诉。在连锁商店里，要求见经理。

即便是最勇敢的人也会觉得当面投诉很困难，所以，如果不想E3S]当面投诉，你可以写信。确保所写[39]属实，并把你所写的容复印一份自己保留。在这个阶段，你应该提供所有的收据单号，但是你无需提供收据或其他文件来证明你买了这件商品。如果你对所得到的回复不[40]满意，或者如果你没得到回复，要写信给这家公司、商店或组织的总经理。

务必将你自己写的信以及你收到的任何来信备份。如果你的投诉是合理的，店主可能会提出[41]退换或修理有问题的物品。你可能会觉得这是个[42]很吸引人的解决方法。在某些情况下，你或许有权拒绝接受这件商品并要求退款，但这只有在你几乎没用过这件商品并即时采取行动的情况下才可以。即使你无法拒绝这件商品，你或许也能拿回些退款。

而且，如果你遭受了一些[43]特殊的损失，例如，如果一台新洗衣机把你的衣服弄破了，你也许会获得损失的赔偿。如果店主给你提供信用证，让你在同样的商店里购买商品时使用，而你更希望他给你钱，那么你就该说出来。如果你接受了信用证，请记住，你之后就不能索要退款了。如果店主拒绝给你钱，你可以在接受信用证前向公民咨询局征求[44]意见。在一些情况下，店主不需要给你退款——比如，因为你不喜欢某件商品或这件商品不适合你，而他也给你换了货的话，在这些[45]情况下，他不需要收回商品并退款。

（四）

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.

Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.

Culture is the sum total of all the traditions, customs, beliefs, and ways of life of a given group of human beings. In this (36), every group has a culture, however savage, undeveloped, or uncivilized it may seem to us.

To the professional anthropologist (人类学家), there is no intrinsic(37)of one culture over another, just as to the professional linguist there is no intrinsic hierarchy(等级制度) among languages.

People once thought of the languages of backward groups as (38) and undeveloped forms of speech,consisting largely of grunts and groans. While it is possible that language in general began as a series of grunts and groans, it is a fact established by the study of "backward" languages that no spoken tongue answers that description today. Most languages of uncivilized groups are, by our most severe standards, extremely complex, delicate, and ingenious pieces of machinery for the(39)of ideas. They fall behind our Western languages not in their sound patterns or(40 )structures, which usually are fully adequate for all language needs, but only in their vocabularies, which41the objects and activities known to their speakers. Even in this department, however,two things are to be noted: 1. All languages seem to(42)the machinery for vocabulary expansion, either by putting together words already in existence or by borrowing them from other languages and adapting them to their own system. 2. The objects and activities requiring names and distinctions in"backward" languages, while different from ours, are often surprisingly(43)and complicated.

This study of language, in turn, (44)a new light upon the claim of the anthropologists that all cultures are to be viewed(45), and without ideas of rank or hierarchy.

A. savage

B. superiority

C. conceive

D. transfer

E. identification

F.grammatical

G. reflect

H. reveals

I. numerous

J . independently

K. exclusive

L. casts

M. sense

N. confidentially

O. possess

文化是人类某一特定群体所有传统、风俗、信仰及生活方式的总和。从这种[36]意义上说，每个群体都有一种文化，不管在我们看来，它是多么野蛮、不发达或未开化。

对于专业的人类学家而言，没有哪种文化在本质上比另一种[37]优越，这就像对于专业的语言学家而言。语言之间并没有在的等级一样。

人们曾经认为落后群体的语言就是[38]野蛮的、不发达的言语形式，主要包括咕哝和呻吟。尽管一般来说，语言有可能是以一系列的咕哝和呻吟的形式开始的，但是，通过对“落后”语言的研究证实，今天没有哪种语言符合这种描述。按照我们的最严格标准来讲，作为[39]传递思想的工具，多数未开化人群的语言极其复杂、缜密，并具有独创性。这些语言在语音模式或[40]语法结构上通常能完全满足语言的所有需求，并不落后于我们西方的语言，

比我们落后的只是[41]反映这些说话者所知物体及活动的词汇。然而，即使是在这方面，也有两点值得一提：1.所有语言都[42]拥有拓展词汇的机制，要么是通过将现存词汇组合在一起来拓展，要么是通过从其他语言中借入一些词并将其改造以适应自身体系来实现。2.在这些[43]“落后的”语言中，尽管那些需要名字及区分的物体及活动与我们不同，它们却都经常是多得出奇、复杂得出奇。

对于语言的研究反过来让人们对人类学家的断言——所有的文化都该被[45]独立看待，而不该带着等级观念去看待——[44]有了新的认识。

（五）

2016年专四专八改革，完型填空由原始20个选择题，变为15选10 的选词填空(与四六级形式一致)。

考试吧将根据改革后的新题型为专四考生设置2016专四新题型：完形填空模拟练习，供考生们参考。

It's an annual occurrence in the dry season: a smoky, hazardous haze blankets southern Malaysia and Singapore. This year it was so bad that in some affected areas there was a 100 percent rise in the number of asthma cases. Hundreds of schools were closed, and the government of Malaysia (1)______gas masks.

The source of the pollution lies across the Malacca Strait in Indonesia where

(2) ______burning of forests to clear space for palm oil plantations continues unabated

Indonesian President Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono offered a public (3)______for what has happened and asked for the understanding of Singapore and Malaysia.

The Indonesian president promised to prosecute anyone (4)______in illegal slash-and-bum activities.Eight Southeast Asian companies are reportedly under (5)______

But the ongoing deforestation seems to contradict past promises. In 2009, President Yudhoyono pledged to reduce by 26 percent greenhouse gas (6)______, caused mostly by deforestation. And in 2011he instituted a moratorium protecting designated

forest areas. In exchange, (7)______ conscious Norway pledged $1 billion to support these efforts.

Ariana Alisjahbana at the World Resources Institute says local officials are not supporting the national plan."Actually it's a lack of coordination and lack of enforcement. So when we look over all the different rules Indonesia has on the books, (8) ______ speaking they're very, very good ones. But they're just not (9)______ "said Alisjahbana

Although the economic incentive to replace forests with farms hampers conservation, Alisjahbana says long-term progress is being made.

But she says a greater commitment to stop the slash-and-bum (10)______through incentives and strict penalties for violations is needed.

A. transport

B. illegal

C. apology

D. cheat

E. deforestation

F. out

G. enforced

H. involved

I. distributed

J. environmentally

K. theoretically

L. emissions

M. practical

N. examination

O. investigation

每年在旱季都会有这样的事情发生：到处弥漫的有害烟雾笼罩马来西亚南部和新加坡。今年情况很恶劣，在某些受影响地区罹患肺炎的病例数量翻倍。成百上千的学校都关门了，马来西亚政府(36) 分发防烟口罩。

污染源在马六甲海峡的另一侧，即印尼一侧，燃烧森林腾出空地种植棕榈油种植园的(37. 非法行为持续发生，有增无减。

印尼总统西洛?班邦?尤多约诺对于所发生的事情进行公开(38) 道歉，请求新加坡和马来西亚的理解。

印尼总统承诺要惩治所有(39)参与到非法砍伐燃烧活动中的人。据报道，八家东南亚公司正在接受(40) 调查。

但森林面积持续减少似乎与之前的承诺自相矛盾。2009年，尤多约诺总统誓言要降低26%的温室气体(41) 排放量，这些气体主要是由于森林面积减少造成的。作为交换，有(42)环境意识的挪威政府承诺用10亿美元支持这一工作。

世界资源研究院的阿瑞纳?阿里斯亚班纳说当地政府不支持这项全国计划。

阿里斯亚班纳说：“事实上，这是因为缺乏协作和执行。所以我们在浏览这些书中印尼的种种规定的时候，虽然(43) 理论上都是非常非常好的，但就是缺少(44) 执行。”

虽然用森林改耕地的经济诱因妨碍了对话，阿里斯亚班纳说：长期的进步正在进行。

但她说：要通过经济诱导和严厉的惩罚制止砍伐燃烧导致的(45) 森林面积减少事件的发生，人们需要做出更大的努力。