北林2006真题

北林2006真题
北林2006真题

【2006】

一、请写出下列园林植物的拉丁学名(20分)

1波斯菊Cosmos bipinnatus11罗汉松Podocarpus macrophyllus

2凤仙花Impatiens balsamina12广玉兰Magnolia grandiflora

3须苞石竹13榔榆Ulmus parvifolia

4巢蕨14楸树Catalpa bungei

5石斛Dendrobium 15木荷Schima superba

6王莲Victoria amazonica16猬实Kolkwitzia amabilis

7晚香玉17映山红Rhododendron simsii

8毛地黄18假连翘Duranta repens

9广东万年青19紫薇Lagerstroemia indica

10吊竹梅20金叶女贞

二、填空题(30分)

1鸢尾属花卉是(聚伞)花序,园林中常用的种类有(鸢尾)、(德国鸢尾)、(蝴蝶花)、(黄菖蒲)、(花菖蒲)、(拟鸢尾)。

2夏天开黄色花的花卉有(花菱草)、(万寿菊)、(波斯菊)、(金鸡菊)、(美人蕉)、(一枝黄花)。

3我国园林中应用于的暖季型草主要有(狗牙根)属、(结缕草)属、(假俭草)属、(雀稗)属。

4喜半荫的露地草本花卉有(玉簪)、(紫萼)、(非洲凤仙)、(紫茉莉)、(乌头)、(大岩桐)。5将罗汉松、樟子松、白皮松、马尾松、杜松按耐寒性由强到弱进行排序(樟子松)、(白皮松)、(马尾松)、(杜松)、(罗汉松)。

6请列举出四种不同颜色的园林观果树(每种标明果实颜色):(石榴,红)、(柿树,橙红)、(乌桕,白)、(贴梗海棠,黄)。

7具有观赏价值的刺篱树种有(枸骨)、(沙棘)、(金合欢)、()。

8为西北地区推荐两种耐瘠薄、耐盐碱的优质行道树种:(栾树)、(榆树)。

三、简答题(40分)

1请介绍Miller和冢本氏按花卉原产地分类的方案。(8分)

答:

(1)中国气候型花卉(大陆东岸气候型花卉)

冬暖夏热,年温差大,夏季降雨较多。

①温暖型(低纬度地区)

②冷凉型(高纬度地区)

(2)欧洲气候型花卉(大陆西岸气候型花卉)

冬季温暖,夏季气温不高,一般不超过15-17℃,年温差小,降雨不多。

(3)地中海气候型花卉

冬季温暖,最低温度6-7℃,夏季温度20-25℃,秋季到次年春末为降雨期,夏季为干燥期,极少降雨。

(4)墨西哥气候型花卉(热带高原气候型花卉)

周年气温在14-17℃,温差小。

(5)热带气候型花卉

周年高温,温差小,雨量大,有旱季和雨季。

(6)寒带气候型花卉

冬季漫长而寒冷,夏季凉爽而短暂,植物生长季只有2-3个月,年雨量很少,但生长季有足够湿气。

(7)沙漠气候型花卉

周年降雨少,多为不毛之地。夏季白天长,风大,植物常成垫状。

2某花卉的种子常规播种不发芽,请提出尽可能多的解决方案。(12分)

3将下列树种的科名、干皮、花序、果实特征填入表中。(8分)

科名干皮花序果实

泡桐玄参科灰褐色圆锥花序蒴果椭圆形

梧桐梧桐科灰绿色圆锥花序5蓇葖果开裂

法桐悬铃木科灰褐绿色至灰白色球形头状花序聚合果球形

4造成落叶阔叶树移植困难的原因有哪些?哪些措施能提高树木的移植成活率?(10分)

四、问答题(40分)

1园林花卉观赏栽培中,栽培类型为一二年生花卉、宿根花卉、球根花卉各主要采用哪些花期调控技术?请举例说明。(10分)

2某公园一个水体欲布置一些水生花卉,水深从5cm到100cm不等,请提供可选用的花卉至少10种,并说明选择的原则,用选定的具体种类加以说明。(15分)

3何谓植物生态习性、生态类型?了解和掌握它们有何重要意义?(15分)

五、论述题(20分)

为迎接我国2008年奥运会,拟在奥运场馆周围绿地进行植物景观设计,请阐述你的设计思路。

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