英国文学史上期末复习
英国文学简史
General introduction of English literature
1. 1) Old English Literature (449-1066) 古英语时期文学
——The Song of Beowulf 《贝奥武甫》
2) Medieval English Literature (1066-15th century) 中世纪英语时期文学
——Geoffrey Chaucer (1340_1400) 杰弗里·乔叟
代表作：French influence:
Romance of the Rose《玫瑰传奇》
The Book Of Duchess《公爵夫人之书》
Italian influence:
The Legend of Good Women《良妇传说》
The House of Fame《声誉之堂》
The Parliament of Fowls《百鸟议会》
Troilus and Criseyde 《特罗勒斯与克莱西》
Maturity:
The Canterbury Tales《坎特伯雷故事集》
2.Renaissance English literature (late 15th century ~ early 17th century) 文艺复兴
-------Thomas More 托马斯.莫尔
Utopia 乌托邦(1516)---he gave a profound and truthful picture of the people’s
sufferings and put forward his ideal of a future happy society.
——Francis Bacon 弗朗西斯·培根(1561--1626)
The philosophical---The Advancement of Learning《学术的推进》
The literature -----Essays《随笔》
The professional works
------Thomas Wyatt托马斯怀亚特（1503--1542）
The first to introduce the sonnet into English literature（引入十四行诗的第一人）
Lyrical poetry
------Edmund Spenser 埃德蒙斯宾塞（1552--1599）
Poet’s poet 诗人中的诗人
The Faerie Queene 《仙后》（the greatest epic poem 史诗）
The Shepheardes Calendar《牧人月历》
——William Shakespeare 威廉·莎士比亚(1564--1616)
The most popular and the most wildly respected writer in all English literature
四大悲剧：Hamlet
Othello
King Lear
Macbeth
四大喜剧：A Midsummer Night’s Dream
The merchant of Venice
As you like it
Twelfth Night
——Christopher Marlowe 克里斯托弗·马洛
The greatest of the pioneers of English drama
The one who first made blank verse the principal instrument of English drama English Literature of the Revolution and Restoration Period (1640-1688) 资产阶级革命与王朝复辟时期的文学
-------John Donne约翰多恩(a metaphysical poet 玄学诗人)
代表作：‖the flea‖(跳骚)—love poem
―Song‖(歌)
―A Valediction: Forbidden Morning‖(别离辞：节哀)
―Death be not proud‖(死神，你莫骄傲)
死亡时永恒的，不要害怕死亡，人死后可以超生，到天堂
―The Canonization‖（封圣）
——John Milton约翰·弥尔顿(puritan)
Paradise Lost《失乐园》
Paradise Regained《复乐园》
Samson Agonistes《力士参孙》
On his blindness
On His Deceased Wife《悼念我的亡妻》
——John Bunyan 约翰·班扬
The Pilgrim’s Progress《天路历程》---is written in the old-fashioned, medieval form of allegory and dream.
4. 18th century English literature-the age of Enlightenment 启蒙运动时期
——Daniel Defoe丹尼尔·笛福
Robinson Crusoe《》
The Review《评论》
Moll Flanders
A Journal of the Plague Year《大疫年日记》
Roxana
——Jonathan Swift乔纳森·斯威夫特
Gulliver’s Travel《格列夫游记》
The Battle of Books《书籍之战》
The Tale of a Tub《一直桶的故事》
The Drapier’s Letter《布商的来信》
A Modest Proposal《一个温和的建议》
Journal to Stella《给斯戴拉的日记》
——Henry Fielding亨利·菲尔丁–the father of English novel
--the first to write specially a ―comic滑稽的epic史诗in prose‖, the first to give the modern novel its struct ure and style
The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling《弃儿Tom Jones》
—— Thomas Gray托马斯格雷
Rural poetry
Elegy written in a Country Churchyard《墓园哀歌》
In the 18th century English literature, the representative poets of Pre-romanticism were William Blake and Robert Burns.
-------William Blake威廉·布莱克
诗集《天真之歌》Songs of Innocence: The Lamb, The Chimney Sweeper1789
诗集《经验之歌》Songs of Experience:The Tiger, London, The Chimney Sweeper1794
——Robert Burns罗伯特·彭斯--―The poet of the peasants‖
(1) Political poems ---The tree of Liberty
(2) Satirical poems ---Holy Willie’s Prayer, Two Dogs
(3) Lyrics-- Red, Red Rose 《一朵红红的玫瑰》
Auld Lang Syne《友谊地久天长》
My Heart’s on the Highland《我的心在高原》
一、The Anglo-Saxon period (449-1066)
1、这个时期的文学作品分类：pagan(异教徒) ，Christian(基督徒)
2、代表作：The Song of Beowulf《贝奥武甫》( national epic 民族史诗) 采用了隐喻metaphor手法
3、Alliteration 头韵（写作手法）
4，main characters: Beowulf—the hero
King of Sweden—Beowulf’s uncle
Hrothgar---the king of Danish nation
Grendel --- a sea-monster
Grendel’s mother
Fire fragan
二、The Anglo-Norman period (1066-1350) 盎格鲁—诺曼时期
1、romance 传奇文学
2、In terms of matters there are mainly three classes:
(1)、the matter of France the Song of Roland
(2)、the matter of Greece and Rome about Alexander and the fall of Troy(特洛伊战争)he
(3)、the matter of Britain about King Arthur and his knights of the Round Table.
3、代表作：Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (高文爵士和绿衣骑士) 是一首押头韵的长诗.
三、Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) 杰弗里·乔叟时期
1、the father of English poetry 英国诗歌之父
2、heroic couplet 英雄双韵体：a verse unit consisting of two rhymed(押韵) lines in iambic pentameter(五步抑扬格)
3、代表作：The Canterbury Tales 《坎特伯雷的故事集》(英国文学史的开端) ---masterpiece
He had given us a picture of contemporary English life
A collection of 20 complete stories and 4 fragments
Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales is written in the style of __Rhymed stanzas__ instead of
alliteration in the Anglo-Saxon period.
The Canterbury Tales opens with a General Prologue
4，贡献：Chaucer’s contribution to English literature and language
A, He is the ―father of English poetry‖ and the greatest narrative poet in English poetry.
B, He did much in making the dialects of London the foundation for the modern English language.
C, He was the most significant poet in English literature history to write in Middle English. Chaucer’s creative works vividly reflected the changes which had taken root in English culture.
D, the ―heroic couplet‖
4、Popular Ballads 大众民谣：a story hold in 4-line stanzas with second and fourth line rhymed
Ballads are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission 歌谣是匿名叙事歌曲,一直保存着口头传播的方式
代表人物：Bishop Thomas Percy 托马斯·珀西主教
代表作：Robin Hood and Allin-a-Dale 侠盗罗宾汉和阿林代尔
其他作品：Get up and Bar the Door
Sir Patrick Spens
四、The Renaissance (16世纪) 文艺复兴时期
The 16th century in England was a period of breaking up of feudal relations and the establishing of the
foundations of capitalism.
1、key word: humanism 人文主义：admire human beauty and human achievement
2、代表人物：
1)、Thomas More 托马斯·莫尔Utopia
2)、Francis Bacon 弗朗西斯.培根第一个散文家(essayist)
Francis Bacon was praised by Marx as ―the progenitor of English Materialism‖
3)、Thomas Wyatt 托马斯.怀亚特引入十四行诗的第一人
4)、Edmund Spenser 埃德蒙·斯宾塞poet’s poet(诗人中的诗人) The Fairy Queen《仙后》(epic poem)
5)、Christopher Marlowe 克里斯托弗·马洛blank verse(无韵体)是十六世纪英国戏剧的主要表现形式。
6)、William Shakespeare 威廉·莎士比亚戏剧drama
produced 37 plays, two narrative poems, and 154 sonnets.
四大悲剧：Hamlet(哈姆雷特)，Othello(奥赛罗)，King Lear(李尔王)，The Tragedy of Macbeth(麦克白) Hamlet is considered to be the summit of Shakespeare’s art, the profoundest expression of Shakespeare’s humanism and his criticism of contemporary life.
人物：Hamlet
The ghost
Claudius—his brother
Gertrude--- the Queen ,his mother
Rosencrantz and Guildenstern---his friends
Polonius—国王的管家
Ophelia—his girlfriend
The Merchant of Venice---love vs. Hatred
Love vs. wealth
人物：Bassanio—hero
Antonio---his friend
Portia—Shakespeare’s ideal woman—beautiful, cultured, courteous, and capable of rising to an emergency.
Shylock---a wealthy Jew
五、The period of Revolution and Restoration (17世纪) 资产阶级革命与王权复辟
1、文学特点：the Puritans(清教徒) believed in simplicity of life、disapproved of the sonnets and the love poetry、breaking up of old ideals.
清教徒崇尚俭朴的生活、拒绝十四行诗和爱情诗、与旧思想脱离。
The Revolution period produced one of the most important poets in English literature, whose name is John Milton and an important prose wrier, John Bunyan.
2、代表人物：
1)、John Donne 约翰·多恩―metaphysical‖poets (玄学派诗人) 的代表人物
2)、John Milton 约翰·弥尔顿a great poet 诗人（poem 诗歌blank verse ）
Defense for the English People《为英国人民辩护》
Paradise Lost《失乐园》―Satan is not a villain‖撒旦不是坏人
Paradise Regained《复乐园》
重点介绍《失乐园》：blank verse无韵体诗歌
It consists of 12 books, was based on the biblical legend of the Adam and Eve,.
The image of Satan:
Satan is often regarded as the real hero of the poem
Like a conquered and banished giant, he remains obeyed and admired by those who follow him down to hell.
He is firmer than the rest of the fallen angels.
It is he who, passing through the guarded gates of hell and boundless chaos, amid so many dangers, and overcoming so many obstacles, makes man revolt against God.
Though wounded, he triumphs, for the thunder that overwhelmed him left his heart still unvanquished.
To Milton, the proud and somber Satan represented the spirit of rebellion against unjust authority.
3)、John Bunyan 约翰·拜扬a great prose writer ―give us the only great alleg ory(寓言)‖
The Pilgrim’s Progress《天路历程》（在监狱里写的）（1687年第一次打印）（1688年死）
人物：(人物的名字很有特色，譬如Help, Faithful, Goodwill等)
Christian, a man wants to get rid of his burden—sin and fears of his life, wants to go the Holy City Evangelist（传道者），the Celestial Kingdom
Help, the Slough of Despond(绝望谭)
Apollyon(魔鬼阿伯伦)，the Valley of Humiliation(羞耻谷)
City of Construction 等
考点：136页“Vanity Fair”
Analysis of the work
It is the most successful religious allegory in the English language. It is written in allegory and dream. It concerns the search for a spiritual salvation.
Its purpose is to urge people to abide by Christian doctrines and seek salvation through constant struggle with their own weakness and a all kinds of social evil.
Metaphor: life is like a journey.
六、The Age of Enlightenment (18世纪) 启蒙运动also known as “the Age of Reason”
1、18th century 文学的三个方面：
Neo-Classicism(新古典主义)、Sentimentalism(伤感主义)、Pre-romanticism (前浪漫主义诗歌)、beginning of the modern novel(刚启萌的现代派小说) 、drama(戏剧)
The middle of the 18th century in England saw the inception of a new literary current—that of sentimentalism
English novel of the 18th grew with the rise of Middle Class.
历史背景：（1）peaceful development
（2）constitutional monarchy has been set up by parliament in 1688
(3)England 的强大
（4）with the ascent of the bourgeoisie
(5)the industrial revolution
(6) the rise of English novel
2、代表人物：
1)、Daniel Defoe 丹尼尔·笛福realistic novel 现实主义小说
Novel：(1) “ Robinson Crusoe”《鲁宾逊漂流记》—one of the forerunners of the English realistic novel 故事追溯到17th 中叶
Characters of Robinson:
Courage Wisdom
Positive- attitude
Never give up
Sense of gratitude
Optimistic
Perseverance
Hard-working
Theme: the story presents the tremendous power of human beings: wits and courage
The perseverance in his character is the crucial factors for him to achieve success.
Robinson lived on the island 28 years, he made everything he needed by himself. He conquered nature in the modern life.
It tells us to be strong, courageous, so as to a positive state of mind to a better life.
( 2)、Jonathan Swift 乔纳森·斯威夫特
” Gulliver’s Travels”《格列佛游记》novel反讽–作者揭示了资本主义社会的黑暗和严苛的社会等级。
考点166页
Gulliver is a doctor
He made a deep-sea voyage, Described into 4 parts
V oyage to Lilliput（小人国）--9个月13天
V oyage to Brobdingnag（大人国）
V oyage to Laputa, Balnibari, Gluebbdubdrib, Luggnagg, and Japan
V oyage to the Country of Houyhnhnms—a strange nation in which the masters are the horses while the servants are the human like creature – the Yahoos.( horses that are endowed with reason) Satirical features；
Swift offered an opportunity of self-scrutiny.
The Lilliputians and their institutions were all about people and their institutions of England.
The Brobdingnagians were incredible Utopians.
The scientists and philosophers represented the extremes of futile theorizing and speculations in all areas of activities such as science, politics, and economics with their instinct-killing tendencies.
The picture of the Yahoos made a clear statement about man and his nature.
“ A Modest Proposal”《一个温和的建议》猛烈地抨击了压迫爱尔兰人民的统治--- The figure of speech used in ―A Modest Proposal‖ is called irony.
(4) Henry Fielding and his Tom Jones(弃儿Tom Jones)
Characters: Tom (an orphan)
Blifil
Sophia—a young woman of the day with sufficient courage and independence to defy the bad world.
5) Thomas Gray托马斯.格雷
― Elegy, Written in a Country Churchyard‖《墓园挽歌》
( Sympathy for the peasants who were being ruined by the Industrial Revolution .)
Poetic pattern: quatrains of iambic pentameter lines rhyming ABAB
The pattern of Elegy has 3 stages of loss:
First, there is a lament, where the speaker expresses grief and sorrow,
Then, praise and admiration of the idealized dead,
Finally, consolation（安慰）and solace（安慰）
Mood: melancholy, calm, meditative
6)、Oliver Goldsmith’s 奥利佛·.哥尔德斯密斯散文作家essayist
‖ The Vicar of Wakefield‖《威克菲尔德的牧师》，小说novel
‖ She Stoops to Conquer‖《委曲求全》，欢乐喜剧rollicking comedy
‖ The Deserted Village‖《荒村》，诗歌poems
七、The Romantic Period (1798-1832)浪漫主义
1、前浪漫主义代表人物：
1) William Blake 威廉·布莱克诗人poet
2) Robert Burns 罗伯特·.彭斯苏格兰诗人poet
An excellent native poet of Scotland
His poems written in the Scottish dialect on a variety of subject.
The greatest Scottish poet in the pre-romanticism is Robert Burns
Pre-Romanticism was greatly influenced by the Industrial Revolution and the French Revolution
前浪漫主义极大地影响了工业革命和法国大革命。
2、教育意义Educational：liberty, equality and fraternity 自由，平等，博爱
1、. ―art for art’s sake‖ was put forth by ___A___.
A. aestheticism
2、During the Renaissance, __C_____ was the first one to introduce the sonnet into English poetry.
C. Thomas Wyatt
3、Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between ___A___ and ______ centuries.
A. 14th...mid-17th
4、. ___(P152). A__ is the successful religious allegory(讽喻，寓言) in the English language.
A. The Pilgrim’s Progress
5、Which of the following statements best illustrates the theme of Shakespeare’s Sonnet 18? C
C. The speaker praises the power of artistic creation
6、Which of the following has / have associations with John Donne’s poetry?
B. conceits and wits
7. In 1066, the Normans headed by Duke William, defeated the Anglo-Saxons. This marked the beginning of feudalism in England and England entered into feudal society.
8、Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales is written in the style of rhymed (metrical) stanza instead of alliteration in the Anglo-Saxon period.
9、The Pilgrims Progress is the masterpiece of John Bunyan (the writer), written in the old-fashioned, medieval form of dream and allegory, in which the main character is Christian .
10. In your opinion, why does Satan in Paradise Lost choose the Garden of Eden for his battlefield?(7 points)
Answer: 1) Paradise Lost was written by John Milton. (1points)
2) The Garden of Eden is the most perfect of spot ever created by God ; (2 points)
3) There liv e in innocent bliss God’s masterpiece, the first man and woman, Adam and Eve, who are
allowed by God to enjoy /revel in the supreme beauties of Paradise, provided they do not eat the fruit that grows on the tree of the knowledge of good and evil; (3 point)
4) Satan desires to tear them away from the influence of God and to make them instrumental in his
struggle against God’s authority. (1 point)
11. What are Chaucer’s contributions to English literature
答：(①Chaucer's language now called Middle English is vivid, smooth and exact. He is the first great poet writing in the current English.② His contribution is to lies chiefly in his introduction of various rhymed stanzas of various types. Especially he introduced rhymed stanzas from France to English, instead of the
old alliterative Angle Saxon poetry. ③He is the first great poet to write in the current English. His production of so much excellent poetry was an important factor in establishing English as the literary language of the country. The spoken English of the time consist of several dialect, and Chaucer did much in making the dialect of London as the foundation for modern English speech.)
12、What is the theme of ―Paradise Lost‖?
答：(the exposure of reactionary forces of his time and passionate appeal for freedom)
What is the character/image of Robinson Crusoe?
(He has marvelous capacity for work; He has boundless energy and persistence in overcoming obstacles; He is the most practical and exact; He is religious and mindful of his own profit; He is the representation of early English bourgeoisie.)
英国文学史复习资料(三年级专业生期末考试必备)[1] (1)
英国文学史资料British Writers and Works I. Old English Literature & The Late Medieval Ages
英国文学史及选读 复习要点总结概要
《英国文学史及选读》第一册复习要点 1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors and understatements (此处可能会有填空,选择等小题 2. Romance (名词解释 3. “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthur’ s story 4. Ballad(名词解释 5. Character of Robin Hood 6. Geoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 124 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic couplet 7. Heroic couplet (名词解释 8. Renaissance(名词解释 9.Thomas More—— Utopia 10. Sonnet(名词解释 11. Blank verse(名词解释12. Edmund Spenser “The Faerie Queene” 13. Francis Bacon “essays” esp. “Of Studies” (推荐阅读,学习写正式语体的英文文章的好参照,本文用词正式优雅,多排比句和长句,语言造诣非常高,里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句,非常值得一读 14. William Shakespeare四大悲剧比较重要,此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了,这些剧的主题,背景,情节,人物形象都要熟悉,当然他最重要的是 Hamlet 这是肯定的。他的sonnet 也很重要,最重要属 sonnet18。 (其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读 15. John Milton 三大史诗非常重要,特别是 Paradise Lost 和 Samson Agonistes。对于 Paradise Lost 需要知道它是 blank verse写成的,故事情节来自 Old Testament,另外要知道此书 theme 和 Satan 的形象。
英国文学史及选读__期末试题及答案
考试课程：英国文学史及选读考核类型：A 卷 考试方式：闭卷出卷教师: XXX 考试专业：英语考试班级：英语xx班 I.Multiple choice (30 points, 1 point for each) select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. 1._____，a typical example of old English poetry ,is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons. A.The Canterbury Tales B.The Ballad of Robin Hood C.The Song of Beowulf D.Sir Gawain and the Green Kinght 2._____is the most common foot in English poetry. A.The anapest B.The trochee C.The iamb D.The dactyl 3.The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, which one of the following is NOT such an event? A.The rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture. B.England’s domestic rest C.New discovery in geography and astrology D.The religious reformation and the economic expansion 4._____is the most successful religious allegory in the English language. A.The Pilgrims Progress B.Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners C.The Life and Death of Mr.Badman D.The Holy War 5.Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, its essence is _____. A.science B.philosophy C.arts D.humanism 6.“So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,/So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”(Shakespeare, Sonnets18)What does“this”refer to ? A.Lover. B.Time. C.Summer. D.Poetry. 7.“O prince, O chief of my throned powers, /That led th’ embattled seraphim to war/Under thy conduct, and in dreadful deeds/Fearless, endangered Heaven’s perpetual king”In the third line of the above passage quoted from Milton’s Paradise Los t, the phrase“thy conduct”refers to _____conduct. A.God’s B.Satan’s C.Adam’s D.Eve’s
英国文学史复习资料
Beowulf English literature began with the Anglo-Saxon settlement in England.Beowulf is the national epic of the English people. Beowulf is a folk legend brought to England by Anglo-Saxons from their continental homes.Its main stories are evidently folk legends of primative Northern tribes.The most striking feature of Beowulf is the use of alliteration（头韵）.In alliterative verse,certain accented word in a line begin with the same consonant sound,there are generally 4 accents in a line,three of which show alliteration.Other features are the use of metaphors and of understatements(掩饰). ―Ring-giver‖ is used for king, ―sea-wood‖for ship.Ironical humour is often regarded as a permanentcharacteristic of English. Chaucer (About 1340-1400.) His literature career can be divided into three periods:French Period (The Romaunt of the Rose) ,Italian Period,England period.Troilus and Criseyde is his longest complete poem(8000 lines) and his greatest artistic achievement.The Canterbury Tales is Chaucer’s masterpiece and one of the monumental works in English literature.Taking the stand of the rising bourgeoisie,he affi rms men and women’s right to pursue their happiness on earth and opposes the dogma of asceticism(禁欲主义) preached by the church.As a forerunner of humanism,he praises man’s energy,intellect,quick wit and love of life.Chaucer’s language,called Middle English,is vivid and exact.Contribution to English poetry lies chiefly in the fact that he introduced from France the rhymed stanza of various types,especially the rhymed couplet(双韵诗体)of 5 accents in iambic(抑扬格) meter(the heroic couplet)to English poetry,instead of the old Anglo-Saxon alliterative verse. Marlowe(1564-1593)
2014-2015英国文学史及选读期末试题B
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班级_________________学号姓名考试科目英美文学史及作品选读【（1）】B卷闭卷共 5 页 学生答题不得超过此线····································密························封························线································
班级_________________学号姓名考试科目英美文学史及作品选读【（1）】B卷闭卷共 5 页 学生答题不得超过此线····································密························封························线································
华南农业大学英国文学史期末考试题
华南农业大学xx文学史期末考试题 (下)注:本文档主要用作题型参考,非100%原题。 考试范围:启蒙运动时期,浪漫主义时期。 一选择题。(共50题,每题1分) 类型1:作品来源。(约10-15道题) 1.” Some village-Hampden, that with dauntless breast. The littletyrant of hisfields withstood, Some mute inglorious Milton here mayrest. SomeCromwell,guiltless of his country's blood.” is from ( )A.I Wandered Lonely As A Cloud B. The Cloud C. Bright Star D. Elegy 2. “But now your brow is beld, John. Your locks are lik e the snaw;But bless ingson your frosty pow…” is from ( ) A. John Anderson, My Jo B.A Red, Red Rose C. Tintern Abbey D. When We two parted 3.” I am assured by our merchants, that a boy or a girl beforetwelve years old isno saleable commodity, and even when they come tothis age, they will not yieldabove three pounds, or three pounds andhalf a crown at most, on the exchange.” isfrom ( ) A. Gulliver’s Travel B. Robinson Crusoe
英国文学史_复习资料大二英语专业必考
一．作家作品连线 1.GeoffreyChaucer乔叟——TheCanterburyTales(坎特伯雷故事)，TheBookofTheDuchess（公爵夫人之书）、TheParliamentofFowls（百鸟会议）TheHouseofFame(声誉之堂)、TroilusandCriseyde（特罗勒斯与克丽西德） 2.WilliamShakespeare莎士比亚——Hamlet,RomeoandJuliet,Sonnet TheMerchantofVenice，HenryIV，TwelfthNight，KingLear，Macbeth Othello,Winter’sTale,TheTempest 3.FrancisBacon培根——OfMarriageandSingleLife（论婚姻和单身）,OfStudies,AdvancementofLearning,NewAtlantis,Essays 4.JohnDonne邓恩(Metaphysicalpoems玄学派诗人)——SongandSonnets（歌与十四行诗）TheGood-Morrow,BreakofDay,HolySonnets（圣十四行诗）,AttheRou ndEarth’sImaginedCorners,Below,Death,BenotProud,Eleg ies,OnHisMistress,ToHisMistressGoingtoBed 5.JohnMilton弥尔顿——ParadiseLost（失乐园）、ParadiseRegained（复乐园）SamsonAgonistes（力士参孙）,Lycidas(利西达斯），Areopagitica, 6.DanielDefoe笛福——TheLifeandstrangeSurprisingAdventuresofRobinsonCrusoe（鲁滨孙漂流记）、CaptainSingleton(辛格顿船长)、MollFlanders（摩尔·弗兰德斯）AJournalofthePlagueYear（大疫年日记）、Roxana（罗克萨娜） 7.JonathanSwift斯威夫特——Gulliver’sTravels（格列佛游记）ATaleofaTub（一只桶的故事）,AModestProposal（一个温和的建议）,TheBattleoftheBooks,TheDrapier’sLetter,JournaltoStella
英国文学史及作品选读
英国文学史及作品选读 （模拟试题二） Ⅰ. Multiple Choice（1′×20=20分） 1．______can be justly termed England’s national epic. A. The Canterbury Tales B. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight C. The Song of Beowulf D. The Romance of the Rose 2. Among of the following dramas, which is one of Shakespeare’s four tragedies? A.Macbeth B.As You Like it C. Twelfth Night D. The Merchant of Venice 3. _______ is called as “ father of English novels” A. William Shakespeare B. Christopher Marlowe C. Daniel Defoe D.John Donne 4. It was ____who made blank verse the principal vehicle of expression in drama. A. Thomas Wyatt B. William Shakespeare C. Edmund Spenser D. Christopher Marlowe 5. Absoulute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of ____, especially Britain’s sea power was established. A.James I B. Henry VIII C. Queen Elizabeth D. Charles I 6. Hamlet, the most popular of Shakespeare's plays for readers and theater audiences, tells about the story of Hamlet, Prince of _______, and son of the dead king, who seeks revenge for his father’s death. A. England B. Norway C. Scotland D. Denmark 7. Which comment on John Donne is wrong? A. He is the leading figure of metaphysical poetry. B. His poetry is characterized by mysticism and peculiar conceit. C. John Donne’s poetry is characterized regularity among irregularity D. He never shows positive attitude towards love. 8. Robinson Crosue can be termed as____. A. a self-dependent person B. a person with colonial mind C. an adventuous person D. all of the above 9. Robert Burns is the representative of _____. A. Sentimentalism B. Pre-Romanticism C. Romanticism D. English Renaissance 10. William Blake’s ____ paint a world of misery, poverty, disease, war and repression with a melancholy tone. A.Poetical Sketches B. The Book of Thel C. Songs of Experience D. Songs of Innocence 11. The notorious “Peterloo Massacre” happened in _____. A. English Romantic period B. English Renaissance C. period of Restoration D. Neo-classical period 12. Lyrical Ballads are made by ____. A. Wordsworth and Shelley B. Wordsworth and Southey C. Wordsworth and Coleridge D. Shelley and Byron 13. According to____, poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings which originates in emotion and recollected in tranquillity.
英国文学史复习资料
V The Romantic Period The romantic period began in 1798 the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridge’s
英国文学史复习资料
1.Classicism(古典主义):A movement or tendency in art, literature, or music th at reflects the principles manifested in the art of ancient Greece and Rome. Cl assicism emphasizes the traditional and the universal, and places value on reas on, clarity, balance, and order. 2. Critical Realism 批判现实主义: Realism is a mode of writing that gives the impression of recording or reflecting faithfully an a ctual way of life. The term refers, sometimes confusingly, both to a literary meth od based on detailedaccuracy1of description (i. e. verisimilitude) and to a more gene ral attitude that rejects idealization, escapism, and other extravagant qualities of roma nce in favor of recognizing soberly the actual problems of life.4. Enlightenment 启蒙主义: Enlightenment is an intellectual movement in Europe in 18th century. It w as an expression of the struggle of the bourgeoisie against feudalism. The enlightener s fought against class inequality, stagnation, prejudices and other feudal survivals. I t was so called because it considered the chief means for the betterment of the societ y was the enlightenment or—educationof the people. 5. Renaissanee文艺复兴：Re naissance marks a transition from the medieval to the modern world. Generally, it ref ers to the period between the 14th and mid 17th centuries. It first started in Italy, wit h the flowering of painting, sculpture and literature. From Italy the movement went t o embrace the rest of Europe. Twofeatures are striking of this movement. The one i s a thirsting curiosity for the classical literature. Another feature of the Renaissance i s the keen interest in the activities of humanity. Hence, humanism, which reflected th e new outlook of the rising bourgeois class, is the key-note of the Renaissance. The gr eatest of the English humanists were Thomas More and William Shakespeare. 6 Soliloquy( 独白)： Soliloquy, in drama, means a moment when a character is alone and speaks his or her thoughts aloud.. 7. Neoclassicism 新古典主义:th e Enlightenment brought about a revival of interest in Greek and Roman works. This t endency is known as Neoclassicism.8. Romanticism 浪漫主义: imagination, emoti on and freedom are certainly the focal points of romanticism. The particular characteri stics of the literature of romanticism include: subjectivity and an emphasis on individu alism; freedom from rules; solitary life rather then life in society; the beliefs that imag ination is superior to reason; and love of and worship of nature9. . Sentimentalism 感伤主义:it came into being as a result of a bitter discontent on thepart of certain En lighteners in social reality. (The representatives of sentimentalismcontinued to strug gle against feudalism but they vaguely sensed at the same time the contradictions of b ourgeois progress that brought with it enslavement and ruinto the people. ) The phil osophy of the enlighteners, through rational and materialistic in its essence, did not ex clude senses, or sentiments, as a means of perception and learning. Moreover, the cul t of nature and, a cult of a "natural man" whose feelings display themselves in a mos t human and natural manner, contrary to the artful and hypocritical aristocrats1.0. So nnet 十四行诗:Sonnet is a type of poem consisting of one single fourteen-line stanz a. It was perfected by the Italian poet in the 13th century and introduced into Englan d in the early 16th century. English sonnets in terms of structure, largely fall into tw o classes: Italian form (It consists of 14 iambic pentameter