It的用法(超全)

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It的用法(超全)

用法及其句型和固定搭配，是英语语法的重点、难点，又是近几年考试的热点，因此在复习中应给予足够的重视。

句型归纳：

1． It is ＋adj．(＋for sb．／sth．) ＋ to do sth．用于此句型的形容词有：

easy， hard， difficult，possible， important， impossible，necessary， good， bad， exciting， interesting， surprising 等。

如：

It is necessary to change your job． It was very hard for them to walk such a long way in the snow． 2．It is ＋n．(＋for sb．／sth．) ＋ to do sth．用于此句型的名词有：

pity, shame, pleasure, ones duty, ones job, fun, joy, good manners, bad manners 等。

如：

It is a pity for you to have missed such a wonderful play． It is bad manners for the young to take up the seats for the old． 3．It is ＋adj．＋of sb．＋to do sth．此句型中的形容词主要描述某人的品德、特征。

能用于该句型的形容词有：

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kind, nice, wise, silly, polite, impolite, friendly, foolish, clever 等。

如：

How silly it was of you to give up such a good chance！It is friendly of the family to try to make me feel at home in their house． 4．It is ＋adj．（＋n．）＋doing sth．此句型中的形容词和名词常见的有：

no／little use, no／much good, useless 等。

如：

Its no use crying over spilt milk．不要为打翻牛奶而哭泣。

5．It takes sb．＋一段时间＋to do sth．表示做某事花费某人多长时间。

如：

It took us half an hour to ride to the town by the sea． 6．It is ＋及物动词的过去分词＋that 从句此句型中常见的及物动词的过去分词有：

said, told, known, reported, recorded, thought, believed, considered 等。

如：

It is reported that the Russian President will visit China next week． 7．It ＋不及物动词＋that 从句此句型中不及物动

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 词常见的有：

seem， happen， appear， matter 等。

如：

It seems that there will be a heavy snow tomorrow． It happened that I met my good friends in the museum yesterday．碰巧我昨天在博物馆遇见了我的好朋友。

8．强调句型：

It is＋被强调部分＋that／who 从句在使用强调句型时要注意，指人时可以用 who 或 that，其它情况一律用 that。

如：

It was under the bed that my brother hid the ball this morning． It is Mr Bell who／that often comes and looks after the old man． 9．It is／has been＋一段时间＋since 从句。

如：

It is ／has been three years since we saw each other last． 10．It is (high) time that sb． did sth．该句型表示某人现在该做某事了，从句常用过去时（虚拟语气）说明现在应该做的事情。

如：

Its six oclock．It is high time that we went home now． It 常用的固定搭配：

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1. make it （1）在口语当中相当于 succeed，表示：

成功、做到、说定、赶上、及时到达例It’s hard to make it to the top in show business. （2）在口语中相当于 fix the date for，表示约定好时间例 Shall we meet next week？ OK. We just make it next Saturday. 2. as it is （1）相当于 in fact，in reality 表示事实上，实际情况是例 We had planed to finish the task today，but as it is we probably won’t finish it until next week. （2）相当于方式状语从句，表示照原样例 Leave the table as it is. 3. as it were 相当于 as one might say，that is to say，表示也就是说，可以说，换句话说例 He is，as it were，a modern Sherlock Holmes. 4. if it weren’t for/if it hadn’t been for 用来引导虚拟语气，相当于 without，or but for，表示如果不是，要不是例If it weren’t for Tom，I wouldn’t be alive today.

5. that’s it （1）相当于That’s all. That’s so much. 表示至此为止，没有别的了例 You can have one more sweet，and that’s it. （2）相当于That’s right.表示对啦例 I guess the key to the problem is thechoice A That’s it.

6. catch it 在口语中，相当于 be punished/scolded for doing sth. wrong. 表示因做错事而挨骂，受责备，受批评，受惩罚例We’ll really catch it form our teacher if we’re late for class again.

7. have it （1）相当于 say，insist 表示说，主张，表明，硬说例Rumour has it that they are getting divorced. （2）相当于 get

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to know something，表示了解，知道，获悉例 I had it from John that she was going abroad. 8. have what it takes 在口语中，相当于 be well qualified for，表示具有成功的条件例 You can take it from me that your daughter has what it takes to be a star. 9. so it seems / appears. 10. Keep at it！（Don’t give up！）相当于 go on，表示继续做，不放弃例 My teacher asked me to keep at it. 11. Go it！（Go on！）拼命干，莽撞 12. Now you have done it！（You have done sth. wrong.）13. Now you’ll catch it！（You’ll be punished.） 14. As it happened，在口语中，相当于it’s a pity that，表示真不凑巧，真遗憾例 As it happened，they were out. 15. As it turned out，在口语中，相当于 it was found to be in the end，表示最后被证明是例 As it turned out，his statement was false. 16. Such as it is（they are）在口语中，相当于 although it may not be worth much，表示虽然没有多大价值例 You can borrow my exam notebook，such as it is.

17. Take it/things easy. 相当于Don’t worry or don’t hurry. 用来劝告别人，表示不要慌，别担心，存住气例 Take it easy！ He will do it well. 18. Take it from me. 在口语中，相当于 believe me what I say.表示请相信我的话，我敢担保例 You can take it from me that he will make it this time. 19. For what it is worth 在口语中，相当于although I’m not sure it’s of v alue，表示

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不管其价值如何例 Here is the article I promise you，for what it’s worth. 20. Worth it 在口语中，相当于 useful，表示有好处，值得做例Don’t hesitate about it！It’s worth it. 21. Believe it or not.表示信不信由你例 Believe it or not，Tom is getting married to Mary next Sunday. 22. Take it or leave it. v. 要么接受要么放弃例 That is my last offer. You can take it or leave it. 23. It all depends/that all depends 在口语中，相当于it hasn’t been decided yet，表示那得看情况，还没有定下来例Are you going to the countryside for holiday？It/That all depends. 24. It’s up t o sb. 在口语中，相当于it’s decided by sb. 表示由决定，由负责，取决于例 Shall we go out for dinner？用法小结：

It 用作实词表达以下概念: 指代前文提到的事物，前文中的this, that；替代前文中的内容；指代一位性别不明的小孩或未知的人；指代未指明但谈话双方都知道的那件事；指代时间、天气、气候、距离等自然现象。

一、it 作人称代词的用法 1. 指事物作为人称代词，it 可以除人以外的一切事物或动物。

如：

I dropped my watch and it broke. 我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。 Its hard work, but I enjoy it. 工作很辛苦，可是我乐意干。 Where is the dog? Its in the bedroom. 狗在哪?在卧室里。

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 2. 指人 it 指人主要用于指不性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。

如：

Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩? There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman. 有人在敲门，一定是邮递员。

【说明】在答语中，常用来指本人，如说 Its me。

3. 代替某些代词代词 it 还可用于代替指示代词 this, that 以及复合不定代词 something, anything, nothing 等。

如：

Whats this? Its a new machine. 这是什么?是一种新机器。 Nothing is wrong, is it? 没出什么问题，是吗二、it 作非人称代词的用法 1. 基本用法 it 作非人称代词的用法，主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。

如：

Its too late to go there now. 现在去那儿已经太迟了。

It rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。

It can get very hot here. 这里有时会很热。

2. 用于某些句型 Its time for sth. 该做某事了。

Its time to do sth. 该做某事的时候了。

Its time for sb to do sth. 某人该干某事了。

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Its (about / high) time + that-从句. 某人该做某事了。

(从句谓语用过去式，有时也用should+动词原形) Its first (second) time + that-从句. 某人第几次干某事。

(从句谓语用现在完成时) Its + 时间段 + since-从句. 自从有一段时间了。

Its + 时间段 + before-从句. 过多长的时间才三、 it 用作形式主语 1. 基本用法当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作句子主语时，为保持句子平衡，通常把真正的主语放在句末，而在句首使用形式主语 it。

如：

Its very important to remember this. 记住这一点很重要。 Its hard work climbing mountains. 爬山是费劲的事。

Its unknown when he will come. 他什么时候来还不知道。

2. 用作形式主语的的重要句型 (1) It + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事 It is hard for him to make up his mind. 他很难下定决心。

It was foolish of her to say such a thing. 她说那样的话，真是太蠢了。

【说明】介词 of 与 for 的区别是：

of 用于指某人的性格、属性、特征等，介词 for 表示对象，意为对来说。

(2) It takes sb + 时间段 + to do sth. 某人做某事花了时

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 间 It takes years to master a new language. 要花多年的时间才能掌握一门新的语言。

【说明】此句型可以有以下多变种变体：

It took me an hour to write the letter. =The letter took me an hour (to write). =I took an hour to write the letter. 我写这封信花了一个小时 (3) It is up to sb to do sth. 该由某人做某事 Its up to you to to make the choice. 得由你来作选择。

(4) it look (seem, appear, happen, occur) that [as if] 似乎 It seemed as though he didnt recognize me. 他似乎没认出我来。

It happened that I was out when he called. 他打电话时我碰巧不在家。

(5) If it were not for / If it hadnt been for 若不是因为 If it were not for their help, we couldnt have got over the difficulties. 要不是他们帮助，这些困难我们不克服不了的。

四、it 用作形式宾语 1. 基本用法当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时，通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移至句末。

其基本结构为动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)。

如：

I find it very difficult to do the job well. 我发现做

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好这件事不容易。

I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好住这儿。

We think it no use complaining. 我们认为抱怨是没有用的。

2. 用作形式宾语的几个特殊结构 (1) 动词+ it + that-从句。

如：

I like it that you came. 你来了，我很高兴。

I take it (that) he will come on time. 我认为他会准时来的。

You can put it that it was arranged before. 你可以说这是以前安排的。

Rumor has it that the defence minister will soon resign. 据传闻，国防部长不久就要辞职。

【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有 have, take, put, like 等。

(2) 动词 + it + when (if)-从句。

如：

I dislike it when you whistle. 我不爱听你吹口哨。

We really appreciate it when she offered to help. 她来帮忙了，我们十分感激。

Id prefer it if I didnt have to do so much work. 要是我不必做那么多工作，好就太好了。

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ 【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有 enjoy, hate, love, like, dislike, appreciate, prefer 等。

(3) 动词 + prep + it + that-从句。

如：

See to it that youre not late again. 注意千万不要再迟到。 Look to it that this doesnt happen again. 注意不要再发生这种事。

You may rely on it that hell come to meet you. 你放心，他会来接你的。

I cant answer for it that he will come. 我不能保证他会来。

【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有 see to, look to, insist on, stick to, depend on, answer for 等。

(4) 动词 + it + 介词短语+ that-从句。

如：

I owe it to you that I am still alive. 多亏有你我才仍然活着。

I took it for granted that he would help us. 我认为他会帮助我们的。

【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多，常见的有 take it for granted, bring it to sbs attention, owe it to sb 等。

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在强调句中的使用 It is＋被强调部分＋that(who)＋其他在使用强调句型时需注意以下几点：

1. 请注意强调句型的特殊疑问句

2. 在强调原因状语从句时，只能强调由 because 所引导的从句。

3. 在强调 not until 结构时必须把 not 与 until 一起放到被强调的位置上。

4. 注意强调句型与定语从句的区别。

5. 不管被强调部分是单数还是复数，其前一律用 It is / It was，而不能用 They are / There were 之类的。

6. 被强调部分是指人时，被强调部分后可用 that / who，被强调部分指物时，被强调部分后只能用 that。

7. 被强调部分是指时间或地点时，被强调部分后通常用 that，一般不用 when，where 之类的。

例：

It is I who am right. 是我对。

It was you that were wrong. 是你错了。

It was in the Japan that he died. 他是死于日本。

It was yesterday that he got married. 他是昨天结婚的。 It was a computer that he bought last week. 他上个星期买的是一台电脑。

Where was it that she lived? 她是住在什么地方? When was it that he left for Japan? 他是什么时候离开去日本的? Who is it

---------------------------------------------------------------最新资料推荐------------------------------------------------------ that teaches you English? 是谁教你们英语

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