常见名词与介词的固定搭配

常见名词与介词的固定搭配

absence from 缺席,不在

absence of 缺乏

access to ...的入口,通路

acquaintance with 相识,了解

action on sth 对...的作用

addition to sth 增加

admission to /into 进入,入(场,学,会) admission of sth 承认

advance in 改进,进步

advantage over 优于...的有利条件affection for/towards 爱,喜欢

answer to ...的答案

anxiety for sth 渴望

apology to sb for sth 道歉

appeal to sb for sth 恳求,呼吁

appeal for 魅力,吸引力

appetite for 对...的欲望

application 把...应用于...

approach to 类似,办法,通道

argument of sth/to sth赞成/反对...的理由arrangement for 对...的安排

for /against attack on 对...的进攻,评击attempt at 尝试,企图

attention to 对...的注意

attraction for 对...的吸引力

balance between ...之间的平衡

barrier to ...的障碍

belief in 对...的信仰,相信

candidate for 候选人,人选

check on 检查,阻止

claim for sth 要求

collision with sb/sth 碰撞,冲突comment on /about 对...的评论between A and B

complaint of /about 报怨,控告compromise between/on 折中,妥协concentration on sth 专心,集中精力concentration of sth 集中,聚集

concern about/for/over 担心

confidence in 对...的信任,相信connection between; 关系,连接

consent to sth 同意

with/to sth contact with sb/sth 接触,联系contest for sth 争夺,竞争

contradiction between 矛盾,不一致contrast to/with sth 对比,对照contribution to 贡献,捐献,促成

between A and B conversation with sb 对话conversion 转变,转换about sth

of sth into sth credit for sth 荣誉,赞扬damage to sth 损坏

danger to sb/sth 危险

decision on/against 做/不做...的决定decrease in sth ...的减少

defence against 防御,保卫

delegate to 参加...的代表

demand for 对...的需求

departure from 离开

desire for sth 渴望

difference between...in... 不同,差异下difference between...over... 分歧

dispute about 争论,辩论

distinction between 区别

doubt about/as to 怀疑

effect on 对...的作用

emphasis on 对...的强调,注重

encounter with 遭遇,遇到

enthusiasm about/for 热情

entrance to ...的入口,入场

envy of sb 嫉妒

exception to ...的例外of /at sth

exposure to sth 暴露

fancy for sth 喜爱

faith in 对...的信任,信仰

glance at 扫视

gratitude to sb 感激

guess at sth 猜测

for sth hatred for/of 仇恨

hazard to 危险

hunger for 渴望

impact on/ upon 对...的撞击,巨大影响improvement on/in 对...的改进,提高increase in sth 增加,增长independence from 独立,自主influence on 对...的影响

inquiry about 对...的查询

inquiry into 对...的调查

interaction with sth 相互作用inteference in/with 干涉,阻碍between /among sth

introduction to 引言,介绍,入门memorial to sth 引进(物)

invitation to 邀请

investment in sth 投资

loyalty to sb/sth 忠诚

memorial to sb/sth 纪念碑

obstacle to sth 纪念碑

objection to sth 反对

opponent of sth ...的障碍

opponent at /in sth 对手

patience with 反对者

passion for 对...的强烈爱好,热爱precaution against 耐心

pity for sb/sth 可怜,怜悯preference for sth 预防,防备

preface to ...的前言

preparation for 偏爱

preference to sth 优先

proposal for sth 准备

prejudice against/ 对...的偏见,偏重preparation for 建议

in favour of ...赞成,支持

protection for sb 保护

protest against sth 抗议

against sth provision for/against 准备pull at/on sth 拉,拖

ratio of sth to sth 比率

reaction to 对...的反应

reason for 原因,理由

reference to 提及,参考

regard for 对...的注意,尊重

remedy for 补救,解决

reply to sb/sth 对...的回答reputation for 名声,名气

request for sth 要求

research on/into 对...的研究,调查resistance to 对...的抵抗,阻力response to 对...的回答,反应responsibility for 责任,负责restrainst on sb/sth 限制,约束search for 对...的搜寻

service to 服务,贡献

similarity between ...的相似之处

skill at 技巧,熟练

solution to ...的解决办法

sorrow at/for/over 悲哀,悲痛

stress on 对...的强调

supplement to sth 补充,增刊sympathy for 对...的同情

sympathy with 对...的赞同

taste for 对...的爱好,喜爱

taste in 对...的审美能力

tendency to sth 趋向,趋势

trust in 对...的信赖,信任

wish for 欲望,愿望

常见动词与介词的固定搭配

at

arrive at glare at laugh at

stare at =gaze at

for

account for, substitute for,

search for, run for (竞选),

be known for blame…for

charge for le ave…for…

mistake…for

from

die from discourage…from… distinguish from hear from keep…from… prevent…from…protect…from… recover from separate…from… stop…from… suffer from tell…from:

in

interfere in involve…in

result in /from, succeed in,

lie in, believe in

persist in

into:

develop into divide…into, change…into, of

accuse…of admit of

approve of complain of

consist of convince… of

die of hear of

remind…of rob…of’

smell of think of ,

be composed of, be made up of,

warn of

on /upon

act on agree on,

bas e…on, comment on, concentrate on, congratulate…on,

count on, decide on,

depend on, feed on,

insist on, keep on,

lean on, live on,

operate on, rely on,

to

adapt… to admit to

agree to amount to

appeal to apply… to

belong to confess to

contribute to de vote…to

entitle…to lead to

object to owe…to’

react to refer to

relate to respond to

stick to subject to

submit to yield to

with

agree with associate with

charge…with communicate with compare with conflict with

contrast ... with cope with

correspond with interfere with

share with

ask after问候（身体健康）

ask for要求；请求

break away摆脱，逃跑

break down（机器）出故障；中断；分解break into闯入；打断；突然开始

break off 中断, 折断, 突然停止

break out突然发生；爆发

break through突破；克服；挣脱而出break up打碎；中断

bring about 引起；造成

bring down 使倒下；使下降；使受挫折

bring forward 提出；提前(= put forward) bring into operation 实施，使生效；使运行bring out显示出来；出版，生产

bring up提出；教育；培养

burn down 烧毁；烧掉

burn out 烧光；熄灭；疲乏

burn up烧尽；烧旺

call for需要；要求；邀请

call off取消；停止

call on拜访；看望；号召

call up打电话；使人想起；召集

carry off拿走，抓走，赢得（奖章等）

carry on继续下去；从事

carry out执行，贯彻；实现

carry through 完成，进行到底

check in办理登记手续

check out结帐后离开；检验，检查

check up / on 检查，检验

clear away把…清除掉；扫除

clear up清理；澄清；（天气）放晴

come about发生

come across偶遇；碰到；讲清楚

come along进展；成功；一道走

come into effect生效

come off 发生；举行；成功

come on快点；走吧；有进展

come out 出来；结果是；出版

come round/around 再现；恢复知觉；改变看法come through经历，获得成功

come to苏醒；达到；总数为

come up发生；走上前来；（时间）快到

come up against碰到（困难）

come up to达到（高度、程度）；符合

come up with赶上；提出

compare to把…比作；比为

compare with比较；与…相比

count on依靠，依赖count up算出…总数，总计

cut across绕近道穿过；超越；遮住

cut back削减；终止；急忙返回

cut down削减；减少

cut in插嘴,打断；突然出来

cut off切断；中断；隔绝

cut out删掉；戒掉

cut short中断；打断；缩短

deal in买卖；经销

deal out分配

deal with论述；涉及；与…打交道

die down逐渐消失；变弱

die out消失灭绝

draw in到站；吸收；使加入

draw on利用；支取；吸

draw up起草；制定；（使）停住

drop by / in顺便来访，非正式访问

drop off掉下；入睡；（让）…下车

drop out退出；退学；掉出

fall back on求助于；转而依靠

fall behind落后

fall in with同意, 依从

fall out争吵；脱落

fall through落空；失败

get across解释清楚；使人了解；通过

get along相处；有进展，有起色

get at得到；够得着；查明

get away离开；出发；逃脱

get by通过；逃脱；过

get down to开始，着手

get hold of抓住；掌握；获得；找到

get in收获；进入；到达

get into进入；对…发生兴趣；促使某人卷入某事get off下（车）；逃脱惩罚

get on上车；进展

get on to转入（另一话题或活动）；同…联系get on with继续做；在…方面获得成功；相处

get out 泄露；说出；离去

get over克服困难；解决；恢复过来

get through接通（电话）；完成

get together集会；召集；收集

give away to泄露；赠送；告发

give back送还；恢复

give in屈服，让步；交上，呈上

give off释放出；辐射出；发生

give out放出；发表；用完

give up投降；放弃；辞去

go after追求；追逐

go ahead继续下去；开始

go along with赞成；支持；随行

go around / round足够分配;绕…而行；传播go back on违背诺言

go by时间过去；经过；遵守

go down下降；下沉；下跌

go for去；选择；想要；攻击（用语言）

go in for从事，爱好；参加（竞赛，考试）go into研究；调查；从事

go off离开；爆炸；食品变坏；断电

go on继续进行；发生

go out离开；熄灭；过时

go over浏览，仔细查看，检查，审查

go through通过；经历（苦难）；仔细检查go up上升，增长；涨价

hang about闲荡，闲待着

hang on抓紧不放；由…决定; 别挂断

hand down传下去；传递；传给

hand in交上；递交

hand on传下来；传递

hand out分发，散发

hand over交出；移交

hold back踌躇；阻止(= keep back)；保密hold on抓住；坚持

hold out伸出；坚持；不屈服

hold up举起；阻挡lay aside把…搁置一旁，收起；积累

lay down放下；拟订，规定

lay off（临时）解雇；休息，戒

lay out设计；安排；展示

leave alone不打扰，听其自然

leave behind忘了带，不带；遗留；落后

leave off停止，中断

leave out漏掉，删掉；省略

let down加长放下，降低；使失望

let off排放；放过；宽恕；（在…）下车

let out放走，释放；发出（声音）；泄露

look after照顾；关心

look at看；观察；查阅

look back回头看；回顾

look down on / upon轻视，看不起

look for寻找，寻求；期望

look forward to盼望；期待

look in顺便看望；顺便拜服

look into调查，深入了解

look on观看，旁观

look out注意

look over翻阅，浏览

look through浏览；详细调查

look up查阅，查出；看望

make for快速走向，向…前进；促进

make out理解，领悟；写出；辩论

make up组成，占…比例；弥补，补偿；捏造；make up for弥补，补偿

make up of由…组成；包含有

live on靠…生活；维持生命

live through经受住；度过

live up to不辜负；遵守诺言

pass away去世；死了

pass on通过，传给，传递

pay back还钱，偿还；报复

pay off还清(债)；得到好结果

pick out挑选出；辨认出

pick up捡起；学会；半路搭人；加快

pull down拆毁；降低

pull out拔出，抽出；（火车）离站

pull up停下,停车

point out指出，指明

put across解释清楚；使人接受

put aside放在一边；储存；保留

put away放好；收好

put down写下；记下；镇压

put forward提出；推荐；把…提前

put in伸进；提出；提交；申请，请求

put in for 申请；正式要求

put off延期；推迟；关掉；阻止，妨碍

put on穿上；戴上；上演；增加（体重）

put out熄灭；关灯；生产出，出版

put up举起；修建；提供

put up with忍受；容忍

ring off挂断电话

ring up打电话

run across偶然遇到

run down（被）耗尽；（健康）衰退；撞倒；诽谤；减少

run into偶然遇到；碰上（困难）；与…相撞run out (of)（常与of连用）用光；耗尽

run over匆匆地看一遍；浏览；（车）碾过

run through浏览，匆匆读完let alone更不用说see off为某人送行

see through识破，看透

see to留心，照料，注意

send for派人去请

send in呈送，提交

send off送别；发送，邮寄

set about开始做，着手

set apart使分离；使显得突出

set aside留出；拨出；不理会

set back推迟，阻碍；使花费

set down记下，写下set off动身出发；引起

set out动身出发；开始；陈述

set off的原义是使爆炸(cause to explode)

set out 在用来表示"着手做"，后面总是跟动词不定式。

set up建立，创立；引起

show off醒目；炫耀；卖弄，出风头

show up出现；露面；暴露

stand by支持；遵守诺言；袖手旁观

stand for代表；支持；容忍

stand out明显；突出；杰出

stand up站起来；（论点、证据等）站得住脚stand up for拥护；支持

stand up to经受得住；勇敢地面对

take after与…相象

take apart 拆卸（及其）

take away拿走；使离开；消除（病痛等）

take down记下来；拆掉

take for (错)当作；(误)以为

take in吸收，接收；领会；欺骗

take off起飞；匆匆离去；脱下

take on呈现；采纳；承担，从事

take one’s time不要着急，慢慢地做

take over接收，接管，取代

take to喜欢；养成…的习惯

take up占去，占据；开始；从事

think of想起；考虑；关心

think of …as把…看作是，以为…是

think over仔细考虑

throw away扔掉，抛弃；浪费

throw light on / upon sth.阐明某事，使人了解某事

turn down关小；调低；拒绝

turn off关上；转弯；解雇；生产

turn out关上；生产；制造；结果是

turn over翻转；交付；反复考虑

turn to求助于，转向

turn up出现；开大

try on试穿

try out试验，试用

vote down否决

vote for投票赞成

vote on就…表决

wear off逐渐消逝

wear out用破；磨损；使筋疲力尽

work at钻研；从事于，致力于

work out解决；想出，制定出

write off 取消；注销；勾销

介词用法口诀

上午、晚要用in，at黎明、午夜、点与分。

年、月、年月、季节、周，阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in。

将来时态in...以后，小处at大处in。

有形with无形by，语言、单位、材料in。

特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用in。

介词at和to表方向，攻击、位置、恶、善分。日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、午、晚，

收音、农场、值日on，关于、基础、靠、著论。着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。

特定时日和"一……就"，on后常接动名词。

年、月、日加早、午、晚，of之前on代in。

步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab，carriage则用in。

at山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心。

工具、和、同随with，具有、独立、就、原因。就……来说宾译主，对、有、方状、表细分。海、陆、空、车、偶、被by，单数、人类know to man。

this、that、tomorrow，yesterday，next、last、one。

接年、月、季、星期、周，介词省略已习惯。

over、under正上下，above、below则不然，

若与数量词连用，混合使用亦无关。’

beyond超出、无、不能，against靠着，对与反。besides，except分内外，among之内along沿。同类比较except，加for异类记心间。

原状because of,、owing to、due to表语形容词under后接修、建中，of、from物、化分。

before、after表一点, ago、later表一段。before能接完成时，ago过去极有限。

since以来during间，since时态多变换。

与之相比beside，除了last but one。

复不定for、找、价、原，对、给、段、去、为、作、赞。

快到、对、向towards，工、学、军、城、北、上、南。

but for否定用虚拟，复合介词待后言。

ing型由于鉴，除了除外与包合。

之后、关于、在......方面，有关介词须记全。

in内to外表位置，山、水、国界to在前。

如大体掌握如上介调用法口诀，就不易出错。下面对该口诀分别举例帮助你理解消化。

早、午、晚要用in

例：in the morning 在早上

in the afternoon 在下午

in the evening 在晚上

in the day 在白天

at黎明、午、夜、点与分

例: at dawn, at daybreak 在黎明时候

at noon 在中午

at night 在夜间

at midnight 在午夜

以上短语都不用冠词

at six o’clock 在6点钟

at 7：30 (seven thirty) 在7点半

at half past eleven 在11点半

at nine fifteen 在9点15分

at ten thirty a.m. 在上午10点30分

也可以写成

seven to five 5点差7分(半小时以上)

five minutes after two 2点过5分

at a quarter to two 1点45分

at the weekend 在周末

年、月、年月、季节、周

即在"来年"，在"某月"，在"某年某月" (但在某年某月某

日则用on)，在四季，在第几周等都要用in。

例；in 1986 在1986年

in 1927 在1927年

in April 在四月

in March 在三月

in December 1986 1986年12月

in July l983 1983年7月

in spring 在春季in summer 在夏季

in autumn 在秋季in winter 在冬季

in the fist week of this semester 这学期的第一周

in the third week 在第三周

阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in，

即在阳光下，在灯下，在树阴下，穿衣、着装、冒雨等都要用in。

例：Don’t read in dim light. 切勿在暗淡的灯光下看书。

They are reviewing their lessons in the bright light. 他们在明亮的灯光下复习功课。

They are sitting in the shade of a tree. 他们坐在树阴下乘凉。

a prisoner in irons 带着镣铐的囚犯

He went in the rain to meet me at the station. 他冒雨到车站去接我。

The poor dressed (clothed) in rags in old society. 旧社会穷人们衣衫褴褛．

以及：in the bright sunlight 在明亮的阳光下

a merchant in disguise 乔装的商人

the woman in white (black, red, yellow) 穿

着白(黑、红、黄)色衣服的妇女

in uniform 穿着制服

in mourning 穿着丧服

in brown shoes 穿着棕色鞋

in his shirt sleeves 穿着衬衫

将来时态in...以后

例: They will come back in 10 days. 他们将10天以后回来。

I’ll come round in a day or two. 我一两天就回来。

We’ll be back in no time. 我们一会儿就回来。

Come and see me in two days’time. 两天后来看我。(从现在开始)

after... (从过去开始)

小处at大处in

例：Li and I arrived at Heishan county safe and sound, all is well. Don’t worry. 李和我平安地到达黑山县，一切很好，勿念。

I live in a great city (big city), my sister lives at a small town while my parents live at a village. 我住在大城市，我姐姐住在一个小城镇，而我的父母则住在农村。

I’m in Liaoning, at Anshan. 我住在辽宁省鞍山市．

有形with无形by，语言、单位、材料in

例：The workers are paving a road with stone. 工人们正用石子铺路。(有形)

The teacher is correcting the paper with a new pen. 这位教师正用一支新笔批改论文。(有形)

"Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy" is a good opera. <<智取威虎山>>是-出好戏。(无形) The product is separated by distilation into gasoline and gas oil. 这种产品是用蒸馏分离出气油和粗柴油。(表示方式、手段、方法--无形)

I really can’t express my idea in English freely in-deed．我确实不能用英语流利地表达我的思想。(表示某种语言用in)

I wrote a novel in Russian. 我用俄语写了一本小说。(同上)

The kilometer is the biggest unit of length in the metric system．公里是米制中最长的长度单位。(表示度、量、衡单位的用in )

The length is measured in meter, kilometre, and centimetre. 长度是以米、公里、厘米为单位来计算的。(同上)

This board was cast in bronze not in gold.

这个牌匾是铜铸的，不是金铸的。

特征、方面与方式、心情、成语惯用in

特征或状态：

例: The Democratic Party was then in power. 那时民主党执政。

They found the patient in a coma. 他们发现病人处于昏迷状态。

He has not been in good health for some years. 他几年来身体一直不好。

Many who came in despair went away in hope. 许多人带着绝望情绪而来，却满怀希望而去。

The house was in ruins. 这房屋成了废墟。

The poor girl was in tears. 这个贫苦女孩泪流满面。

Her clothes were in rags. 她的衣跟穿破了。

His shoes were in holes. 他的鞋穿出窟窿了。

I only said it in fun. 我说这话只是开玩笑的。

She spoke in grief rather than in anger. 与

其说她讲得很气愤，不如说她讲得很伤心。

还有一些短语也用in，如：

in jest 诙谐地，in joke 开玩笑地，in spite 恶意地，in fairness 公正地，in revenge 报复, in mercy 宽大，in sorrow 伤心地等。

His mind was in great confusion. 他脑子里很乱。

Today everybody is in high spirits and no one is in low ebb. 今天大家都兴高采烈，没有一个情绪低落。

She and her classmates are in flower ages.

她和她的同学都正值妙龄。

The compaign was in full swing. 运动正值

高潮中。

方面：

例：we accepted the item in principle. 我们在原则上接受了这个条款。

They are never backward in giving their views. 他们从来不怕发表自己的意见。

The backward area has achieved

self-sufficient in grain. 这个落后的地区在粮食

方面已能自给。

A good teacher must be an example in study. 一个好的教师必须是学习的模范。

方式：

例：All the speeches were taken down in shorthand. 所有报告都用速记记录下来了。

The Party has always educated us in the spirit of patriotism and internationalism. 党一贯以爱国主义和国际主义精神教育我们。

如下成语惯用in

例如：in all 总计

in advance 事前

in the meantime 与此同时

in place 适当地

in hopes of(或in the hope of) 怀着.......希望

in connection with 和……有关

in contact with 和……联系

in addition to 除......以外

in case of 倘若，万一

in conflict with 和......冲突

in force 有效的，大批

in depth 彻底地

in regard to 关于

in the neighborhood of 大约、邻近

in retrospect 回顾，一想起

in behalf of 代表......利益

in the least 一点，丝毫

in alarm 惊慌、担心

in the opinion of 据……见解

in the long run 从长远说来

in one’s opinion 在……看来

in word 口头上

in a word 总之

in vain 无益地, 白白地

in case 如果，万一，以防

in detail 详细地

in haste 急急忙忙地

in conclusion 总之

in spite of 尽管

in other words... 换句话说

in return 作为回报

in the name of 以......名义

be confident in 对......有信心

be interested in 对......感兴趣

in doubt 怀疑

in love 恋爱中

in debt 负债

in fun (jest、joke) 玩笑地

in hesitation 犹豫不决

in wonder 在惊奇中

in public (secret) 公开他(秘密地)

in a good humour 心情(情绪)好

"介词at、to表方向，攻击、位置、善、恶、分"。

介词at和to都可以表示方向; 用at表示方向时，侧重于攻击的目标，往往表示恶意；用to 表示方向时，突出运动的位置或动作的对象，侧重表示善意。试比较下列各句：

1. A．She came at me. 她向我扑过来。

B．She came to me. 她向我走过来。

2．A．Jake ran at John. 几杰克向约翰扑过去。

B．Jake ran to John. 杰克朝约翰跑去。

3．A. He rushed at the woman with a sword. 他拿着剑向那妇女扑过去。

B. He rushed to the woman with a sword.

他带着剑向那妇女跑过去。

4．A．He shouted at the old man. 他大声喝斥那老人。

B. He shouted to the old man. 他大声向那老人说

5．A．I heard her muttering at Xiao Li. 我听见她在抱怨小李。

B．I heard her muttering to Xiao Li. 我听见她在同小李低声说话。

6．A. She talked at you just now. 她刚才还说你坏话呢。

B．She talked to you just now. 她刚才还同你谈话呢.

7．A．She threw a bone at the dog. 她用一块骨头砸狗。

B．She threw a bone to the dog. 她把一块骨头扔给狗吃。

8．A．He presented a pistol at me. 他用手枪对着我。

B．He presented a pistol to me. 他赠送我一支手枪。

日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早午晚; 以下皆用on。

例: on Octorber the first 1949 1949年10月1日

on February the thirteenth l893 1893年2月13日

on May the first 5月1日

on the first 1号

on the sixteenth 16号

on the second of January 或on January the second 1月2日

on a summer evening 在夏天的一个夜晚

on Boxing Day 在节礼日(圣诞节次日)

on New Year’s Day 在元旦

on my birthday 在我的生日

但in the Christmas holidays在圣诞节假期; in the eighteenth century 在十八世纪; in ancient times 在古代; in earlier times 在早期; in modern times 在现代，则用in，the present time 现在，at the present day当今则用at。

on May Day 在"五·一"节

on winter day 在冬天

on Decenber 12th 1950 l950年12月12日

on Sunday 在星期天

on Monday 在星期一

on Tuesday morning 星期二早晨

on Saturday afternoon 星期六下午

on Friday evening 星期五晚上

但last night 昨夜；in the evening 在晚上; on time准时，in time及时，等则不同。

年月日，加早午晚，of之前on代in

例：on the morning of 18th 18日早晨

on the evening of 4th 4日晚上

On the eve of their departure they gave a farewell banquet and their head gave a garewell speech. 他们在临行前夕举行了一次告别宴会，他们的团长发表了告别讲话。

收音、农场，值日on

例：Did your supervisor like the story over (or on) the radio last night?

您的导师喜欢昨天从收音机里听到的故事吗?

I heard the news over (or on) the radio. 我从收音机里听到了这一条消息。

taIk over the radio 由无线电播音

on TV 从电视里......

hear something on the wireless 在无线电里听到

My brother works on an Army reclamation farm. 我哥哥在一个军垦农场工作。

The students are working on a school farm. 学生们正在校办农场劳动。

This is a farmer’s house on a farm. 这是农场的农舍。

Who is on duty, tody? 今天谁值日?

We go on duty at 8 a.m. 我们上午8点钟上班。

关于、基础、靠、著论

例: This afternoon we are going to listen to a report on the international situation. 今天下午

我们要听关于国际形势的报告。

Professor Shen will give us a talk on travelling in America. 申教授将给我们做关于美国之行的报告。

You are wrong on all these issues. 在这些问题上你的看法都错了。

The belief is based on practical experience. 这种信念是以实际经验为基础的。

Theory must be based on practice. 理论必

须以实践为基础。

The people in the south live on rice. 南方人主食大米。(靠)

The citizens live on their salaries. 城市人靠薪金生活。

You can’t afford luxuries, on an income of 100 yuan a month．靠月薪100元的收入，你是买不起奢侈品的。

Her pet dogs were fed on the choicest food．她用精饲料喂养她心爱的狗。

He is just a scrounger, who lives on other people. 他正是一个小偷，专靠损害别人过日子。

Keep the kettle on the boil (=boiling). 让水

壶的水一直开着。

The enemy are on the run (=running). 敌人在逃跑。

on后接the加上一个作名词的动词．其意义与现在分词所表达的相近。类似例子很多如：on the march在行军中，on the mend 在好转中，on the prowl徘徊，on the move活动中，on the scrounge巧取豪夺(埋语)，on the go活跃，忙碌，on the lookout注意, 警戒，on the watch 监视着。on the hop趁不备抓住某人等等。

on the People’s Democratic Dictatorship<<实践论>>和<<矛盾论>>

on the People’s Democratic Dictatorship<<论人民民主专政>>

"on Coalition Government" <<论联合政府>>

着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付，相反、准

注：口诀中的"着"是指着火，罢指罢工，偷指偷偷地，公指出差、办公事；假指休假，准指准时。

例：The house next to mine was on fire. 我邻居的房子着火了。

The workers of the railway station were on strike. 铁路工人罢工了。

Grapes and big water melons from Sinkiang are on sale on a large sale. 新疆葡萄和西瓜大量上市了。

do something on the sly (quiet). 秘密地(暗

地里，偷偷地)做某事。

I’ve come here on business. 我是有公事来的。

They went to Bern on a mission. 他们到伯

尔尼去执行一项使命。

They has been away on a long trip. 他们出

去做一次长途旅行。

I’ll go home on leave next month. 下月我将休假回家。

I went on business to Shanghai. I did not take leave. 我是公出去上海的，不是不告面别。

She came to see you on purpose. 她是专程

来看你的。

He came here on purpose to discuss it with you. 他到这来是要与你讨论这件事的。

This lunch is on me.

"No. let’s go Dutch."

"这顿午饭我付钱。"

"不，还是各付各的。"

On the contrary, it was very easy to understand. 相反，这事儿很容易理解。

P1ease come on time. (on schedule). 请准时来。

注：in time是"及时"的意思。

The train arrived on schedule. 火车准时到达。

特定时间和"一……就"，左右on后动名词

例：Gases expand on heating and contract on cooling. 气体加热时膨胀，冷却时收缩。(特定时间)

On entering the room, he found his friends dancing in high spirits. 一进屋，他就发现他的朋友们在愉快地跳舞。

On reaching the city he called up Lao Yang. 一到城里他就给老杨打了一个电话。

I’ll write to him on hearing from you. 我接到你的来信就给他写信。(一……就)

以及on the left, right向左向右，on the stair 在台阶上等。

步行、驴、马、玩笑on，cab，carriage用in

例：On foot步行; on horse骑马; on donkey 骑驴。

He rode on, blood flowing from his side. 他骑着马，鲜血从腰部流下来。

The soldier of the Eighth Route Army rode 100 li on a horse a day in order to catch up with his unit. 为赶上部队，那位八路军战士骑马日行百里。

Go on horse back! 骑马去！

You are having me on! 你和我开玩笑呢!

in cab和in carriage 不能用on或by cab或carrige。

at山脚、门口在当前，速、温、日落价核心即在山脚下、在门口、在目前，速度、以……速率、温度、在日落时、在……核心要用at。

例：At the foot of the mountain, there are thirty of our comrades. 在山脚下，有我们30个同志。

There is a beautiful lake at the foot of the hill. 山脚下有一个美丽的湖。

At the gate of the house there are many children playing glassball. 门口有一大群孩子在玩玻璃球。

Who’s standing there at the door? 谁站在门口?

I don’t need the dictionary at present. 我现在还不需要这本词典。

He is at present in Washington. 他目前正在华盛顿。

The train runs at fifty kilometres an hour. 火车每小时行驶50公里。

we built the plant at top speed and minimun cost. 我们以最低的投资，最高的速度修建了该工厂。

at home 在国内，在家里

at ten degrees centigrade 在摄氏10度

at minus ten degrees centigrade 摄氏零下10度

Water freezes at 0°centigrade. 水在镊氏零度结冰。

Water usually boils at 100°. 水通常在摄氏loo度沸赐。

at zero 在零度

at the rate of 45 miles an hour

at full speed 全速

at a good price 高价

at a low cost 低成本

at a great cost 花了很大代价

at that time 在当时

Evaporation takes place at all tempertures. 蒸发在任何温度下都能发生。

at 1000RPM (revolution per minute) 每分

钟1000转

at a high speed 高速

The soldiers launched an attack upon the enemy at sunset. 战士们在日落时对敌人发起了攻击。

at daybreak 日出时

The force at the core leading our cause forward is the Chinese Communist Party. 领导

我们事业的核心力量是中国共产党。

The atom has a nucleus at its core. 在原子

的中心有一个原于核。

At the beginning of this term the teacher in charge of our class was very strict with us. 这学期开始，我们的班主任老师对我们要求非常严格。常见介词短语:

above all: 首先, 首要according to: 按照, 根据after all:毕竟,终于ahead of:在…前面

all over:遍及,到处along with: 与…一起

as a matter of fact: 实际上as a result: 结果;因此

as a result of:由于…的结果as a rule: 通常,惯例as far as:远至;到…程度as far as …be concerned

as follows:如下as for:至于,就…方面来说

as regards:关于,至于as to:至于,关于

as usual:照常;惯例as well:也, 又

as well as: (除…之外)也,既…又

aside from: 除…以外at a loss: 困惑,不知所措at no time:从不,决不at any rates: 无论如何

at any events:无论如何at best: 充其量,至多

at first:最初,起先at first sight

at hand:在手边,附近at large: 逍遥法外;一般

at last:最后at least

at length:详细地at most

at no time:决不at once

at one time:同时;曾经;从前at the cost of:以…为代价

at present at the mercy of:在…支配下

at the moment at the same time

at times:有时,不时back and forth

by accident by all means

by comparison by far

by means of by mistake

by no means by reason of

by the way by virtue of:由于

by way of except for

for a moment for a while

for ever for example

for good:永久地for instance

for long:长久地for purpose of:为了

for the better:好转;改善for the present

for the sake of:为了…起见in a hurry

in a moment in a word

in addition in addition to

in all in any case

in any event:无论如何in brief

in case in case of

in charge of in common

in conclusion in consequence

in contrast to(with) in detail

in effect in fact

in favour of in force

in front of in future

in general in hand: 携手,手拉手;结合起来

in honour of in line with

in nature in no case

in not time:立即in no way

in order in other words

in particular in place of

in practice in proportion to

in public in question

in regard to in relation to

in short in spite of

in sum in terms of

in the course of in the distance

in the event of in the face of

in the first place in the future

in the last place in the light of

in the past in the way of

in time in turn

instead of of course

off duty on a large scale:大规模地

on account of:因为on an average:平均;一般说来

on board on business:因事;因公

on condition that:如果on duty

on hand:在手边on occasion:有时,不时

on one’s own on purpose:故意地

on the average: 平均;一般说来on the basis of on the contrary on the grounds of

on the one hand on the other hand

on the point of on the whole

on time:准时out of date

out of order out of question

out of the question over and over regardless of: 不管, 不顾

thanks to to the point: 切题

up to date with regard to:对于;就…而论

with relation to with respect to

with the exception of with the purpose of:为了