2021职称英语卫生C级考试押题
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2021职称英语卫生C级考试押题:阅读理解练
习(1)
U.S. States Do Poorly in Women's Health
Not a single U.S. state meets basic federal goals for women's health, and the nation as a whole fails except in two areas —— mammograms (乳腺X光照片) and dental (牙齿的) check-ups —— researchers said on Thursday.
Millions of women lack health insurance, and states make it difficult to enroll (加入) in Medicaid, the state-federal health insurance plan for the poor, according to the report.
And few states are doing anywhere near enough to help women quit smoking - the leading cause of death in the United States.
"The nation as a whole and the individual states fall short of meeting national goals," reads the report, put together by the National Women's Law Center and the Oregon Health & Science University. "These health goals provide a road map for assessing the status of women's health."
Of 27 measures examined by the group, from screening for diseases to actually treating them, the nation passes on only two, the researchers said. "The nation is so far from the
health goals that it receives an overall grade of 'unsatisfactory'," they wrote.
The problem seems to be a lack among states of an overall plan for health in general the NWLC said.
"State policy makers' piecemeal (一件一件做的) approach to our health care crisis has resulted in a complex and ineffective system that fails to meet the health care needs of women," Judy Waxman, NWLC Vice President for Health, said in a statement.
"Lawmakers need to take a comprehensive, long-term approach to meeting women's health needs and tackle this serious problem that troubles so many families."
1 In which area is the nation successful?
A Dental check-ups.
B Health promotion.
C Disease screening.
D Cancer treatment.
2 Medicaid is a program aimed at helping
A women.
B the poor.
C the old.
D children.
3 Which is America's number one killer?
A Stress.
B Heart disease
C Cancer.
D Smoking.
4 The national goals for women's health make it easier to
A meet women's health needs.
B assess the status of women's health.
C solve women's health problems.
D deal with the health care crisis.
5 Which approach was recommended by Judy Waxman?
A The piecemeal approach.
B A state-federal approach.
C A comprehensive, long-term approach.
D A complex approach.
【参考答案】
1. A
2. B
3. D
4. B
5. C
2021职称英语卫生C级考试押题:阅读理解练
习(2)
Saving Money
Where you save your money often depends on what you are saving for. If you are saving to buy a CD (光盘) or to go to a concert, then probably you would keep your money somewhere in your room.
If you are saving for a big purchase like a mountain bike or a school trip, where would you save your money?
One place to save money is the bank. Putting your money in a savings account will help your money earn more money. If you put your money in a piggy bank (猪形储蓄罐), one year later you'll still have the same amount of money you put in. If you put your money in a savings account, one year later, you'll have more money than you put in. Why?
When you keep your money in a bank, your money earns interest. Interest is an amount of money a bank pays you to use your money. The bank uses your money (and the money of other people, too) to loan money to people and businesses.
The bank will send you a statement several times a year.
A bank statement tells you how much money you have in your account. It also tells you how much interest you have earned. If you leave your money in the bank, you can watch it grow!
Another way you can save money is to buy a certificate
of deposit or CD. If you have some money that you don't need to use for a long time, this is a good way to make your money grow.
You can buy a CD at a bank. You agree not to use the money for a certain period of time. That period might be from six months to five years. You can't touch your money during that time. If you do, you must pay a penalty, or fee.
6 Your money will earn more money if you put it
A in your room.
B in a piggy bank.
C in your pocket.
D in a savings account
7 A bank pays you interest for
A wasting your money.
B losing your money.
C using your money.
D decreasing your money
8 Among other things, a bank statement tells you
A the amount of money you have in the bank
B the current rates of interest.
C the current rates of exchange.
D the best way to save your money.
9 If you draw your money before it is due, you will have to
A pay interest to the bank.
B close your account.
C open a new account.
D pay a penalty or fee.
10 The word "touch" in paragraph 7 could be best replaced by
A "deposit".
B "lend".
C "use".
D "cash".
【参考答案】
6. D
7. C
8. A
9. D 10. C
2021职称英语卫生C级考试押题:阅读理解练
习(3)
Exercise Lowers Employers' Health Costs
Companies can save millions in health-care costs simply by encouraging their employees to exercise a little bit, researchers reported on Friday.
They said obese (肥胖的) employees had higher health-care costs, but lowered those expenses by exercising just a couple of times a week M without even losing any weight.
Feifei Wang and colleagues at the University of Michigan studied 23,500.workers at General Motors.
They estimated that getting the most sedentary (惯于久坐的)obese workers to exercise would have saved about $790,000 a year, or about 1.5 percent of health-care costs for the whole group.
Company-wide, the potential savings could reach $7.1 million per year, they reported in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine.
Of the whole group of workers, about 30 percent were of normal weight, 45 percent were overweight (超重的), and 25 percent were obese. Annual health-care costs averaged $2,200 for normal weight, $2,400 for the overweight, and $2,700 for obese employees.
But among workers who did no exercise, health-care costs went up by at least $100 a year, and were $3,000 a year for obese employees who were sedentary.
But adding two or more days of light exercise —— at least 20 minutes of exercise or work hard enough to increase
heart rate and breathing ——lowered costs by on average $500 per employee a year, the researchers found.
"This indicates that physical activity behavior could reduce at least some of the harmful effects of excess body fat, and in consequence, help lower the health-care costs," Wang and colleagues wrote.
11 How can employees help lower the health-care costs?
A By taking more rest.
B By eating less.
C By exercising a little bit,
D By saving more money.
12 By encouraging its employees to exercise General Motors could save
A $790,000 per year.
B $7.1 million per year.
C $3,000 per year.
D $7,300 per year.
13 How many workers in General Motors were NOT of normal weight?
A Seventy percent.
B Thirty percent.
C Forty-five percent.
D Twenty-five percent.
14 For which group of the workers were the health-care costs the highest?
A The employees of normal weight.
B The overweight employees.
C The obese employees.
D The sedentary obese employees.
15 How often should the employees exercise to help lower the health-care costs?
A At least seven days a week.
B At least twenty minutes a week.
C At least twice a week.
D At least once a week.
【参考答案】
11. C 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
2021职称英语卫生C级考试押题:阅读理解练
习(4)
U.S. Blacks Hard-hit by Cancer Death rates for cancer are falling for all Americans, but black Americans are still more likely to die of cancer than whites, the American Cancer Society said Monday. In a special report on cancer and
blacks, the organization said blacks are usually diagnosed with cancer later than whites, and they are more likely to die of the disease. This could be because of unequal (不平等的)access to medical care,, because blacks are more likely to have other diseases as well, and perhaps because of differences in the biology (生物学) of the cancer itself, the report added. "In general, black Americans have less hope of surviving five years after diagnosis than whites for all cancer sites and ell stages of diagnosis," the report said. "In describing cancer statistics for black Americans, this report recognizes that many of the differences associated with race may be caused by unfair social and economic differences and unequal access to medical care." The cancer society said blacks should be encouraged to get check-ups (体格检查) earlier, when cancer is more treatable, and it said more research is needed to see if biological differences play a role. "The new statistics emphasize the continuing importance of wiping out these unfair social differences through public policy and education efforts," the organization said in a statement. But it also noted a drop in cancer death rates. "Cancer death rates in both sexes for all sites combined have dropped
greatly among black Americans since 1992, as have incidence rates (发生率)," said the report. 1 Black Americans are more likely to die of cancer than A people in other countries. B white Americans. C all other Americans.
D their ancestors. 2 Which may NOT be a reason for higher cancer death rates among US blacks? A Unequal access to medical care. B Greater probability of having other diseases. C Differences in the biology of the cancer.
D Early diagnosis. 3 Cancer is more treatable if it is detected A in an early stage. B in a late stage.
C all of a sudden.
D together with other diseases. 4 Public policy and education efforts may help to do away with A death rates. B various cancers. C unfair social differences D biological differences. 5 Since 1992, cancer death rates among black Americans A have been going up and down. B have remained stable. C have increased. D have fallen. 【参考答案】 6. B 7. C 8.
D 9. A 10. B
2021职称英语卫生C级考试押题:阅读理解练
习(5)
A Desert Between Paul and Clara
Paul had long promised to marry Clara. But at thirty-three he met and married Alice. Clara was driven mad.
Paul was taken to court. The judge ordered him to pay Clara $600 because of the broken promise. Paul had to borrow the money from a moneylender. He agreed to pay back $5 a month——for twenty years. His wages at the time were $16 a month.
Paul and Alice were poor but not unhappy. They had little enough food, certainly, even before the children began to arrive. Each month Paul paid $5 to the moneylender. He worked hard, never taking a holiday. In time, there were seven mouths to feed.
Illness was always with them. It grew serious when the oldest child was eight. The years of hunger weakened the family, because each month Paul paid $5. The details of the sickness were ugly, but the result was this: after twelve years of family life, Paul was alone in the world.
He lived alone, except for memories. Work was not now a god for him: it was a pain-killer. Each month he paid, and in time the twenty years ended. From that moment his wages were his own.
One day, it was a holiday——he went to the seaside. He sat down on a seat by the sea. A middle-aged woman came and sat down near him. They recognized each other at once.
The woman said, "The $600 has been in the bank since the day it was paid to me. It is now $6,000, and I have kept it for you. Will you let me share it with you?"
"No," said Paul, gently. "Each thousand is a lost life in a desert between us. It can never bring any happiness."
6 Paul was ordered to pay Clara $600 because
A he had borrowed $600 from her.
B he had broken his word to marry her.
C he had promised to give her $600.
D he had spent a lot of her money.
7 How many children did Paul and Alice have?
A Two.
B Four.
C Five.
D Eight.
8 Twelve years after his marriage, Paul was
A poor but not sad.
B very sick.
C free from debt.
D lonely and unhappy.
9 After his wife and children died, Paul turned to his work to
A ease his pain.
B forget his debt.
C get pleasure.
D seek friendship.
10 When Paul met Clara again 20 years later, he decided
A to share the $600 with her.
B not to marry her.
C to ask back the $600.
D not to refuse her offer.
【参考答案】
6. B
7. C
8. D
9. A 10. B
2021职称英语卫生C级考试押题:阅读理解练
习(6)
Florence Nightingale
Florence Nightingale was born in Florence, Italy, while her wealthy English parents were traveling in Europe. As a child, she traveled to many places with her family and
learned how to speak several languages.
When Nightingale was 17, she told her family that she was going to help sick people. Her parents did not approve, but Nightingale was determined.
She traveled to hospitals all over Europe. She saw that doctors were working too hard. She saw that patients died because they did not get enough care. Nightingale felt that women could be doing more to help doctors take care of sick people.
Nightingale knew that in order for nurses to do more, they needed special training in how to take care of sick people. Nightingale went to a hospital in Germany to study nursing. Then she returned to London and became the head of a group of women called Gentlewomen During Illness. These women cared for sick people in their homes.
In 1854, England was fighting a war with Russia. War reporters wrote about the terrible conditions in the hospitals that cared for the wounded. People demanded that something be done about it. A leader of the government asked Florence Nightingale to take some nurses into the war hospitals. So, in November 1854, Nightingale finally got to work in a hospital.
She took along 38 nurses whom she had trained herself.
At first, the doctors on the battlefields did not want Nightingale and her nurses in their hospitals. They did not believe that women could help. But in fact, the nurses did make a difference. They worked around the clock, tending the sick. Thanks to their hard work, many wounded soldiers survived.
After the war, Nightingale and her nurses were treated like heroes. Finally, in 1860, she started the Nightingale School for Nurses: In time, thanks to Florence Nightingale, nursing became an important part of medicine.
11 Florence Nightingale was born into a rich
A Italian family.
B Russian family.
C English family.
D German family.
12 Nightingale's parents did not approve of her decision
A to work as a doctor.
B to care for sick people.
C to fight in the war with Russia.
D to travel to hospitals all over Europe.
13 It was not until the war with Russia that Nightingale
A got to work in a hospital.
B began to study nursing.
C started to care for sick people in their homes.
D became the head of Gentlewomen During Illness
14 On the battlefields Nightingale and her nurses proved to be
A as bad as the doctors had expected.
B quite generous.
C less than useful.
D very helpful.
15 Nightingale played a great role in
A the building of war hospitals.
B the education of women.
C the development of nursing.
D the improvement of working conditions for women
【参考答案】
11. C 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C
2021职称英语卫生C级考试押题:阅读理解练
习(7)
What Is Death?
People in the past did not question the difference between life and death. They could see that a person died when his heart stopped beating. People have learned, however, that the body does not die immediately when the heart stops beating. They discovered that we remain alive as long as our brain remains active. Today the difference between life and death is not as easy to see as in the past. Modern medical devices can keep the heart beating and the lungs breathing long after the brain stops. But is this life?
This question has caused much debate among citizens in the United States. Many of them want a law that says a person is dead when the brain dies. A person should be considered dead when brain waves stop even if machines can keep the body alive. Such a law would permit doctors to speed removal (切除) of undiseased (没病的) organs for transplant (移植)operations.
The brain is made of thousands of millions of nerve cells. These cells send and receive millions of chemical and electrical messages every day. In this way the brain controls the other body activities. Nerve-cell experts say it usually is easy to tell when the brain has died. They put small electrodes (电极) on a person's skull (头骨) to measure
the electrical signals that pass in and out of the brain, These brain waves are recorded on a television screen or on paper. The waves move up and down every time the brain receives messages from the nerve cells. The brain is dead when the waves stop moving.
Although there are people who oppose the idea of a law on brain block for various reasons, the idea of brain wave activity as a test of death is slowly being accepted.
1 People in the past held that the difference between life and death
A did not exist.
B was easy to tell.
C lay in the brain.
D was open to debate.
2 Which of the following is NOT a phenomenon mentioned in the passage?
A The body may still be alive after the heart and the brain have stopped working
B The heart may keep beating after the brain has died.
C The brain may still be active after the heart has stopped beating.
D The lung may keep breathing after the brain has died.
3 When a person should be considered dead is currently a matter
A which few people in the US care much about.
B which has caused heated argument in the US.
C which only doctors can settle.
D which has already been settled.
4 The brain controls the other body activities through
A medical devices.
B small electrodes
C the nerve cells.
D the brain waves.
5 More and more people are beginning to accept the idea that a person is dead
A when the heart stops beating.
B when the brain becomes less active.
C when the brain stops working.
D when doctors stop medical treatment.
【参考答案】
1. B
2. A
3. B
4. C
5. C
2021职称英语卫生C级考试押题:阅读理解练
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D. use 5.The fuel tanks had a capacity of 140 liters. A. function B. ability C. volume D. power 6.Our lives are intimately bound up with theirs. A. tensely B. nearly C. closely D. carefully 7.Her faith upheld her in times of sadness. A. excited B. supported C. inspired D. directed 8.The book provides a concise analysis of the country’s hi story. A. clean B. perfect C. brief D. real 9.It is laid down in the regulations that all members must carry their membership cards at all times.
2015年职称英语考试报名流程详细说明
2015年职称英语考试报名流程详细说明 初次参加职称英语考试的考生对于网上报名的流程,并没有一个清晰的轮廓,考试吧职称英语考试频道提供网上报名流程示意,解决考生在报名过程中的疑问。(如有出入,请以官方信息为准) 一、职称英语报名流程图 第一步:阅读报名文件查看报考条件 凡晋升、聘任专业技术职务,其级别属专业技术职务试行条例中规定需具备一定外语水平的专业技术人员,及过去参加国家统一的中级专业技术资格考试(会计师、经济师、统计师、审计师),成绩合格,搜提示您:已取得专业技术资格的专业技术人员应参加职称外语等级考试。但对1977年全国恢复高考前入学的大、中专毕业生,现从事图书资料……第二步:登录报名系统填写个人信息 特别提醒: (1)、照片处理技巧 照片规格:358*441,彩色处理方法:从开始菜单打开Windows自带的画图软件,从文件菜单打开照片… (2)、报名照片要求 1)、职称英语报名照片背景必须无任何装饰,背景色用白色或蓝色或红色; 2)、照片必须是近期相片,显示头部的正面,并且不能佩戴帽饰。 3)、照片文件类型为jpg或gif,大小不能大于2m。必须是相机拍摄的相片,扫描的相片禁用。 4)、照片尺寸规格:分辨率不小于72pixels/inch长580px宽420px。 各位考生请注意,上述照片格式是职称英语网上报名电子照片的格式,而现场报名或现场确认要用到的照片为1寸证件照。 (3)、报考类别选择
综合类,理工类,卫生类考试原则上没有严格的界限。国家在每位考生评定职称的时候,到底要求是理工类成绩,卫生类成绩,基本上国家还没有明确规定。如:你评定主任医师,卫生类职称,你可以考综合类,也可以考卫生类。 选择依据: 1.根据单位的要求选择。 2.根据个人的自身情况选择,如果工作中接触理工类文章较多,那就报理工类。反之,则报综合类。 (3)、级别选择 根据所报考的级别不通,所申报的职称也是有区别的,以下是全国职称外语等级考试级别划分及适用范围,请大家根据自己的职称英语要求选择报考。