英语国家社会与文化入门期末考试复习资料
英语国家社会与文化入门期末考试复习资料
Test paper 1
1. Tick the correct answer in each of the following:
1. Which is the largest city in Scotland?
A. Cardiff
B. Edinburgh
C. Glasgow
D. Manchester
2. Why did the Scottish Kings decide to form an independent singular Scottish state in the ninth century?
A. They needed a unified independent nation to fight against Viking raids.
B. They felt it necessary to develop their own industry.
C. They were threatened by the Anglo-Saxons' invasion.
D. They had to do it in order to resist the English.
3. Where do the majority of people in Scotland live?
A. in the Highlands
B. in the Lowlands
C. in the Uplands
D. in the west of Scotland
4. Faced with conflicting demands the British government chose a compromise and organized a partition of Ireland, because
A. the British government wouldn't be able to control Ireland any longer by force.
B. the British government intended to satisfy both sides ----- Catholics as well as Protestants.
C. Catholics in Ireland demanded a partition of Ireland.
D. Protestants welcomed the idea of partition.
5. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Sinn Fein is the legal political Party in Northern Ireland.
B. Those who want to unite Northern Ireland with Britain are called Unionists.
C. Social Democratic and Labor Party is a very important political Party in Britain.
D. Those who show their loyalty to the British Crown are called Loyalists.
6. In the early 1970s, the IRA
A. killed many Protestants and Catholics.
B. burned down the houses of Catholics.
C. murdered individuals at random.
D. carried out a series of bombing and shooting and attacked the security forces as their main target.
7. Which of the following is NOT true about the Great Council?
A. They included barons and representatives from countries and towns.
B. They were sometimes summoned by the kings to contribute money.
C. They later developed into what we now know as the Cabinet.
D. They represented the aristocrats as well as the communities.
8. Under whose reign was the Bill of Rights passed?
A. James II
B. William of Orange
C. Oliver Cromwell
D. George I
9. Which of the following is NOT true about the Constitution?
A. It is a document which lists out the basic principles for government.
B. It is the foundation of British government today.
C. Conventions and Laws passed by Parliament are part of the Constitution.
D. The common laws are part of the Constitution.
10. How many seats in the House of Commons should a party hold at least in order to win the election?
A. 651
B. 326
C. 626
D. 351
11. Which of the following party adopts a "fatherly" sense of obligation to the poorer people in the society?
A. the Conservative party
B. the Liberal Democrats
C. the Party of Wales
D. the Labor party
12. Which of the following description about the Conservative party is NOT true?
A. It has been in power for an unusually long period of time.
B. It prefers policies that protect individual's rights.
C. It receives a lot of the funding from big companies.
D. It is known as a party of high taxation levels.
13. Where is the best agricultural land in Britain?
A. in the southeast of England
B. in the northeast of England
C. in the southeast of Scotland
D. in the northeast of Scotland
14. Which of the following is NOT a company in the energy sector?
A. Shell
B. ICI
C. RTZ
D. British Gas
15. Which of the following used to be the last independent car company in the UK?
A. Ford
B. Peugeot
C. Rover
D. BMW
16. Which of the following did NOT belong to Romanticism?
A. Keats
B. Shelley
C. Wordsworth
D.
E. M. Foster
17. Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare?
A. Dr. Faustus
B. Hamlet
C. Frankenstein
D. Sense and Sensibility
18. Which of the following was the most famous Scottish novelist?
A. D. H. Lawrence
B. Charles Dickens
C. Robert L. Stevenson
D. Walter Scott
19. Where is the international tennis championships held?
A. Wembley
B. Wimbledon
C. St Andrews
D. Clapham
20. Which of the following was the first team sport to have organized rules?
A. football
B. cricket
C. horse racing
D. tennis
21. Which of the following is NOT true about cricket in Britain?
A. It is now still a snobbish game played by aristocratic people.
B. Its rules are rather obscure.
C. The matches last for a few days.
D. The players appear to be quite formally dressed.
22. Which celebration particularly happens on the Queen's birthday?
A. bonfires
B. the Orange March
C. Trooping the Color
D. masquerades
23. Which of the following is true about the Guy Fawkes Night?
A. It is celebrated by Scottish people in November.
B. It is celebrated by English people in November.
C. It is celebrated by Scottish people in August.
D. It is celebrated by English people in August.
24. Which of the following is true about the Gunpowder Plot?
A. It was planned to kill the Protestant king and replace him with a Catholic king.
B. It was planned to kill the Catholic king and replace him with a Protestant king.
C. It was planned to kill King Billy and replace him with King James II.
D. It was planned to kill King James II and replace him with King Billy.
25. Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain?
A. The University of Cambridge.
B. The University of Oxford.
C. The University of Edinburgh.
D. The University of Buckingham.
26. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. Parents send their children to public schools because they are rich.
B. Parents send their children to public schools because their children can get better jobs when they leave school.
C. Parents send their children to public schools because can have a better chance of getting into a good university.
D. Parents send their children to public schools because their children prefer to go to public schools.
27. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Open University? A. It's open to everybody.
B. It requires no formal educational qualifications.
C. No university degree is awarded.
D. University courses are followed through TV, radio, correspondence, etc.
28. Which of the following about the terraced houses is NOT true?
A. They are most common in suburban areas.
B. They are usually two-storey houses joined at each side.
C. They often have a small concrete yard at the back.
D. They were originally built for factory workers.
29. Which of the following about the "semis" is true?
A. They usually have gardens at all side.
B. They normally stand together in pairs.
C. They are usually located in fashionable areas in the city.
D. They are considered as the most desirable home by British people.
30. Which of the following about class system in the UK is NOT true?
A. People of different classes tend to read different kinds of newspaper.
B. Class-division is only decided by people's income.
C. Though social advancement is possible, class affects a person's life-chances.
D. The way people speak identifies themselves to particular class.
31. The present British foreign policy is mainly influenced by the following factors except
A. its imperial history.
B. its geopolitical traits.
C. its special relationship with the United States.
D. its schizophrenic attitude to Europe.
32. Which of the following is NOT involved in making the British foreign policy?
A. The Queen of Britain
B. The Foreign and Commonwealth Office.
C. The Prime Minister and Cabinet.
D. The Ministry of Defense and the Treasury.
33. Nowadays the British foreign policy is largely shaped by its participation in
A. the Commonwealth.
B. the Europ0ean Economic Community.
C. the United Nation, the European Union, NATO, etc.
D. a European federal government.
34. A free press is considered very important to the functioning of parliamentary democracy because
A. it plays a watchdog function, keeping an eye on the government.
B. it informs people about current affairs in the world.
C. it provides people with subjective reports.
D. it publishes short pamphlets for Parliament.
35. In Britain most advertising is carried
A. in newspapers.
B. on television
C. in maganes.
D. on radio.
36. Which of the following about the BBC is NOT true?
A. There is no advertising on any of the BBC programs.
B. The BBC is funded by license fees paid by people who possess television receiving sets.
C. The BBC has four television channels.
D. The BBC provides the World Service throughout the world.
37. The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism except ____
A. challenging the authority of the Pope.
B. salvation through faith.
C. salvation through the church.
D. establishing a direct contact with God.
38. Which of the following American values did NOT come from Puritanism?
A. separation of state and church.
B. respect of education.
C. intolerant moralism
D. a sense of mission.
39. Lord Baltimore's feudal plan failed because __________
A. there were more Protestant than Catholics in Maryland.
B. the wilderness of the continent made the plan impossible.
C. there was plenty of land while labor was scarce.
D. the English king did not like the plan.
40. Which of the following statements was NOT correct? When the Constitution was written,
A. there was a Bill of Rights in the Constitution.
B. there was no Bill of Rights.
C. the Constitution did not have any words guaranteeing the freedoms or the basic rights and privileges of citizens.
D. a "Bill of Rights" was added to the Constitution 4 years after the Constitution was made.
41. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes?
A. The executive.
B. The legislative.
C. The Judicial.
D. The president.
42. Which of the following is NOT a power of the president?
A. The president can veto any bill passed by Congress.
B. The president has the authority to appoint federal judges when vacancies occur.
C. The president can make laws.
D. The president has broad powers, with the executive branch, to issue regulations and directives regarding the work of the federal departments.
43. The United States was rated No. 1 in terms of production capacity in the world ____.
A. in 1920
B. in 1950
C. in 1945
D. in 1960
44. Service industry does not include _______.
A. banking
B. management consultation
C. airline
D. steelmaking
45. The United States was rated___ in the world in terms of land area and the size of population.
A. second
B. third
C. fourth
D. fifth
46. Which of the following is true?
A. Many Catholics are not opposed to abortion.
B. Many evangelical Protestants do not object to abortion.
C. Orthodox Jews are for abortion.
D. Liberal Protestants and Jews join non-believers in maintaining that abortion is a basic right for women.
47. Which of the following continues to have an all-male clergy?
A. The Catholic Church.
B. The Protestant Episcopal Church.
C. The United Methodist Church.
D. Jewish Congregations.
48. The following are distinctively American features of religion except _____
A. Various religious groups have coexisted in the U. S. more harmoniously than Europe.
B. Scientific and economic advance and material prosperity have not been accompanied by a decline in religious faith.
C. There has been little concentration on doctrine or religion argument in the U. S.
D. There has been very much concentration on doctrine or religious argument in the U. S.
49. Whitman's poetry has the following characteristics except ___.
A. fragmented haunting images
B. long irregular lines
C. celebrating the American spirit
D. free-flowing structure
50. Mark Twain's works are characterized by the following except ___.
A. sense of humor
B. egotism
C. jokes
D. tall tales
51. Three of the following are characteristics of Emily Dickenson's poems. Which one is not?
A. Her poems mix gaiety and gloom.
B. Her verses are filled with the names of faraway, exotic places.
C. Her poems are very long and powerful.
D. Her poems show that she was fascinated by both life and death.
52. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in American higher education?
A. Universities and colleges
B. Research institutions
C. Technical institutions
D. Undergraduate institutions
53. Three of the following factors have contributed to the flourishing of large universities in America, which is the exception?
A. Large universities offer the best libraries and facilities for scientific research.
B. Large universities provide students with "mainframe" computers.
C. Large universities offer scholarships to all students.
D. Large universities attract students with modern laboratories.
54. Nearly all students want to get into more desirable institutions because ____.
A. they find it easy for them to get jobs after having graduated from one of them
B. they enjoy the high prestige of these institutions
C. they like the teachers and surroundings in these institutions
D. they prefer to have the Scholastic Aptitude Tests
55. In addition to such tactics as sit-ins, young students also added ________ to educate people about the war in Vietnam.
A. teach-in
B. rock 'n' roll music
C. class boycott
D. "march against fear"
56. According to the author, three civil rights groups provided the leadership, the tactics, and the people to fight against Southern segregation. Which is the exception?
A. the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
B. the Congress of Racial Equality
C. the Southern Christian Leadership Conference
D. the Student for a Democratic Society
57. A historic moment of the civil rights movement was the March on Washington of August 28, 1963 when _____ delivered his "I have a Dream" speech.
A. John F. Kennedy
B. President Johnson
C. Martin Luther King, Jr.
D. Mario Savio
58. Three of the following factors contribute to the higher arrest rates among minority groups. Which is the exception?
A. The aggressive nature of these groups.
B. Racial prejudice against them.
C. Low social status of these groups.
D. Poverty and unemployment among minority groups. 59. Which of the following does NOT belong to the white-collar crime?
A. bribery
B. tax evasion
C. false advertising
D. robbery
60. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. The Northern states had outlawed slavery by 1830.
B. Slavery was finally abolished in the South in 1865.
C. The Northern states did not have racial discrimination.
D. Segregation laws continued to be enforced in Southern states until the 1950s.
61. ____ had the title "the Wizard of Menlo Park".
A. Thomas A Edison
B. John Stevens
C. Charlie Chaplin
D. Robert Fulton
62. ____contributed to the development of the American system of manufacture in the twentieth century.
A. James K Maxwell
B. Cyrus H McCormick
C. Lee De Forest
D. Henry Ford
63. When was voice and music first transmitted over the radio?
A. 1901
B. end of 19th century
C. New Year's Eve 1905
D. Christmas Eve 1905
64. One of the oldest towns (landed in 1513) in the US is ____.
A. New York
B. Boston
C. Philadelphia
D. St Augustine
65. The Granite State in the US is _____.
A. New Hampshire
B. New York State
C. Pennsylvania
D. Florida
66. ______ was twice the site of Winter Olympics.
A. Schroon Lake
B. Lake Placid
C. Atlanta
D. Washington, D. C.
67. In playing basketball, when the player bounces the ball on the floor as he moves around the court, this is called ___.
A. pass
B. walk
C. steal
D. dribble
68. In playing basketball, misbehavior or unsportsmanlike actions may result in ____.
A. time out
B. overtime
C. technical foul
D. foul
69. Which of the following is not a team game?
A. volleyball
B. bowling
C. soccer
D. field hockey
70. The complex drumming in the rhythm section of early jazz music was brought over to America by ___.
A. Spanish missionaries from Europe.
B. Black slaves from West Africa
C. British colonists from Asia.
D. the Creole from the West India
71. Blues was derived from a blend of field chantey and spiritual which is ____.
A. a form of rock' n' roll singing popular among American teenagers
B. a form of operatic singing originated from Southern European countries
C. a form of country music singing
D. a form of hymn singing prevalent in African-American Christian churches
72. Recording groups such as the Hot Five and the Hot Seven organized by Louis Armstrong made a series of recordings which represent ____.
A. the origin of the Chicago style jazz
B. the influence of New Orleans style jazz
C. the beginning of the New York style jazz
D. the impact of ragtime music
II. Fill in the blanks:
1.The full name of the United Kingdom is __________________________________________.
2. The island of Great Britain is made up of ________________, ___________and__________.
3. The United Kingdom has been a member of ______________________________since 1973.
4. Britain is now a _____________society which produces a population of which 1 in 20 are of ___________________ethnicity.
5. London plays a significant role in ________________economic and cultural life. It's not only the financial ________of the nation, but also one of ___________major international financial centers in ________________.
6. Britain consists of _____nations, including England, ________, ______and ______________.
7. Britain is a country with a history of invasions. In 43 AD Britain was invaded by __________, in the late 8th century they experienced _________raids from Scandinavia and in the 11th century they suffered invasions from _____________.
8. The Anglo-Saxon began to settle in Britain in _________century.
9. The capital of Britain is ________, which has great influence on the UK in all fields including _____________, ____________ and _____________.
10. Charles the First, king of Britain, was executed, because he attempted to ______________ in the English Revolution.
11. Name two Scottish cities which have ancient and internationally respected universities: __________________ and _______________.
12. The battle of Bannockburn led by Robert the Bruce succeeded in winning the full independence of ______________. 13. Both the Scottish and Welsh people elect their members of parliaments to the London Parliament and each holds ____________and ___________ seats respectively.
14. The capital of Scotland is ____________, which is well-known for its natural ___________.
15. Although Wales is the smallest of the three nations on the __________ mainland, it's good at getting _________ from abroad, particularly Japan and __________________.
16. To pursue Irish independence, the most spectacular event in the Irish history was _________ of 1916, in which the rebels occupied Dublin's _______________ and forced the British to take it back by ____________.
17. ____________, the ancestor of the present Queen, Elizabeth II, united England under his rule in 829.
18.The UK is divided into ______constituencies with each of them represented by a member in _________________.
19. The UK economy can be divided into three main sectors: ____________industries, secondary industries and _____________industries.
20. One of the oldest of the early "old English" literary works is called ____________________.
21. ___________is a rough, fast game which was invented in Britain while ___________is a more gentle sport which owes its origin to the Church.
22. Christmas commemorates ________________________, while ___________commemorates the crucifixion and resurrection of Jesus Christ.
23. The two oldest universities in Britain are __________________ and ___________________.
24. Like the housing system in the US and the wealthy English-speaking commonwealth, the UK has a very high proportion of _________________, which means that the people own the house they live in.
25. When the Second World War was over, Britain was active in ____________the United Nations and became one of the _____permanent members of __________________________.
26. Britain has one of the world's oldest established ____________industries. The Observer, which appeared in 1791, is the world's oldest ___________newspaper, while The Times, which began publishing in 1785, is Britain's oldest ______________newspaper.
27. In 1782, the Frenchman who settled in Pennsylvania first asked the question "what is an
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研究生英语期末考试试卷
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A. some modern women prefer a life of individual freedom. B. the family is no longer the basic unit of society in present-day Europe. C. some professional people have too much work to do to feel lonely. D. Most Europeans conceive living a single life as unacceptable. 5.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To review the impact of women becoming high earners. B. To contemplate the philosophy underlying individualism. C. To examine the trend of young people living alone. D. To stress the rebuilding of personal relationships. Passage Two American dramas and sitcoms would have been candidates for prime time several years ago. But those programs －though some remain popular －increasingly occupy fringe times slots on foreign networks. Instead, a growing number of shows produced by local broadcasters are on the air at the best times. The shift counters longstanding assumptions that TV shows produced in the United States would continue to overshadow locally produced shows from Singapore to Sicily. The changes are coming at a time when the influence of the United States on international affairs has annoyed friends and foes alike, and some people are expressing relief that at least on television American culture is no longer quite the force it once was. “There has always been a concern that the image of the world would be shaped too much by American culture,” said Dr. Jo Groebek, director general of the European Institu te for the Media, a non-profit group. Given the choice, he adds, foreign viewers often prefer homegrown shows that better reflect local tastes, cultures and historical events. Unlike in the United States, commercial broadcasting in most regions of the world －including Asia, Europe, and a lesser extent Latin America, which has a long history of commercial TV －is a relatively recent development. A majority of broadcasters in many countries were either state-owned or state-subsidized for much of the last century. Governments began to relax their control in the 1980’s by privatizing national broadcasters and granting licenses to dozens of new commercial networks. The rise of cable and satellite pay-television increased the spectrum of channels. Relatively inexperienced and often financed on a shoestring, these new commercial stations needed hours of programming fast. The cheapest and easiest way to fill airtime was to buy shows from American studios, and the bidding wars for popular shows were fierce. The big American studios took advantage of that demand by raising prices and forcing foreign broadcasters to buy less popular programs if they wanted access to the best-selling shows and movies. “The studio priced themselves out of prime time,” said Harry Evans Sloan, chairman of SBS Broadcasting, a Pan-European broadcaster. 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A TRIP to the supermarket may not seem like an exercise in psychological warfare—but it is. Shopkeepers know that filling a store with the aroma of freshly baked bread makes people feel hungry and persuades them to buy more food than they had intended. Stocking the most expensive products at eye level makes them sell faster than cheaper but less visible competitors. Now researchers are investigating how “swarm intelligence” (th at is，how ants，bees or any social animal，including humans，behave in a crowd) can be used to influence what people buy. 2. At a recent conference on the simulation of adaptive behaviour in Rome，Zeeshan-ul-hassan Usmani，a computer scientist from the Florida Institute of Technology，described a new way to increase impulse buying using this phenomenon. Supermarkets already encourage shoppers to buy things they did not realise they wanted: for instance，by placing everyday items such as milk and eggs at the back of the store，forcing shoppers to walk past other tempting goods to reach them. Mr Usmani and Ronaldo Menezes，also of the Florida Institute of Technology, set out to enhance this tendency to buy more by playing on the herd instinct. The idea is that, if a certain product is seen to be popular, shoppers are likely to choose it too. The challenge is to keep customers informed about what others are buying. 3. Enter smart-cart technology. In Mr Usmani's supermarket every product has a radio frequency identification tag, a sort of barcode that uses radio waves to transmit information，and every trolley has a scanner that reads this information and relays it to a central computer. As a customer walks past a shelf of goods, a screen on the shelf tells him how many people currently in the shop have chosen that particular product. 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剑桥国际少儿英语期末考试试题
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snakes tigers crocodiles giraffes monkeys hippos elephants 1.elephants They’ve got a long nose and big ears. 2.They’ve got four legs and a long tails. 3.They’ve got a long tail and a lot of teeth. 4.They haven’t got legs or arms. 5.They’ve got long legs and a short tail. 6.They’ve got a big mouth and a short tail. 7.They’ve got two arms and a small nose. Kitchen hall bathroom dining room bedroom living room 8.The fish is in the living room . 9.The computer is in the . 10．The doll is in the .