全国8省2021届高三1月底英语联考模拟卷英语试题

高三英语

注意事项：

1. 本试卷由四个部分组成。其中,第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。

2. 答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

3. 回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本试卷上无效。

4. 考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力[共两节，满分30分]

该部分分为第一第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束前，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7. 5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、BC三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Where are the speakers?

A. At an airport.

B. In a hotel.

C. In a market.

2. Why doesn’t the woman try to get a PhD now?

A. She doesn’t need one for her job.

B. She can’t afford the payment.

C. She can’t spare the time.

3. How does the boy find his parents?

A. Strict.

B. Tolerant.

C. Considerate.

4. What did the woman mean?

A. She failed to see the whole program.

B. She stayed awake the whole night.

C She went home very late.

5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A. How fruits were harvested.

B. Why the fruit sales increased.

C. What caused the low price of fruits.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分,满分22. 5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. Why doesn’t the woman want to go to Sea Level?

A. lt’s too far.

B. It’s too expensive.

C. It’s too small.

7. Where is Sounds of Brazil?

A. Opposite a theater.

B. Next to a bank.

C. Across from a restaurant.

听第7段材料，回答第8. 9题。

8. What does the woman think of the activity holiday?

A. Tiring.

B. Surprising.

C. Awful.

9. What did the woman get a prize for?

A. Climbing.

B. Sailing.

C. Walking.

第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

10. What is the purpose of the call?

A. To arrange an interview.

B. To check on a job application.

C. To advertise a position.

11. For what day is the man’s appointment scheduled?

A. Tuesday.

B. Wednesday.

C. Thursday.

12. What does the woman ask the man to do?

A. Call her later.

B. Meet with Victoria Smith.

C. Wait at the front desk.

听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。

13. Why does the school make the change?

A. To repair the food machines.

B. To promote a healthy diet.

C. To make more profit.

14. What is the man concerned about at first?

A. Where to get food.

B. How to eat healthily.

C. What to eat.

15. What does the woman advise the man to do?

A. Lose weight.

B. Drink water.

C. Eat in the lunch room.

16. What is the man’s attitude to bringing food to school?

A. Doubtful.

B. Disappointed.

C. Approving.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What made the speaker decide to study psychology?

A. Her family background.

B. Her education at university.

C. Her observation of adults.

18. Who did the speaker study first?

A. Ordlinary people.

B. Creative people.

C. College students.

19. What is the most obvious cause of happiness?

A. Concentrating hard.

B. Interpersonal relationships.

C. Huge achievement.

20. How does the speaker feel about her study?

A. Amused.

B. Regretful.

C. Satisfied.

第二部分阅读[共两节,满分50分]

第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分,满分37. 5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Tongariro National Park, known for its brilliant natural features, became New Zealand's first national park in 1887. The 80,000-hectare park is an ideal place to view the volcanic wonders which outstands among 13 national parks in the country.

Activities

Tongariro Alpine Crossing

The deservedly popular Tongariro Alpine Crossing features phenomenal volcanic scenery and

fine views of Lake Taupo and Mt Taranaki.

Multiday Walks

Overnight hikes in the park include the four — day Northern Circuit and the six-day Round the Mountain track-one of New Zealand's Great Walks.

Nature曲(路径)

A series of short nature trails around Tongariro's lower valleys take in the various habitats, home to fascinating and diverse native plants and animals, and are a great way to get to know the park's special places and stories. Home to the national park visitor center, Whakapapa Village is a good place to start exploring.

Waterfall-watching

Dramatic waterfalls are a Tongariro National Park specialty. See them on a number of spectacular short walks including Taranaki Falls, Watonga Falls, Silica Rapids and Tawhai Fails.

Key Tips

? Before departing on a walk, check at the Department of Conservation Visitor Centre for

up-to-date information on weather, volcanic activity and track conditions.

? Fill in an intention form at the Department of Conservation Vi sitor Centre if you plan to overnight in a hikers' hut.

? Whatever kind of accommodation you choose, it will pay to book in advance during peak season ( December to March).

1. What distinguishes Tongariro National Park from others?

A. Its long history.

B. Its massive area.

C. Its volcanic wonders.

D. Its colorful activities.

2. Which activity attracts an animal lover most?

A. Tongariro Alpine Crossing.

B. Multiday Walks.

C. Nature Trails.

D. Waterfall-watching.

3. What is the proper time if you want to avoid the peak season?

A. January.

B. February.

C. March.

D. April. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D

【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章对汤加里罗国家公园进行了全面详细的介绍。

【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“ The 80,000-hectare park is an ideal place to view the volcanic wonders which outstands among 13 national park s in the country.”（这个占地8万公顷的公园是观赏火山奇观的理想场所，这些火山奇观在该国13个国家公园中脱颖而出。）可知，是这些火山奇观让汤加里罗国家公园区别于其它公园。故选C。

2.细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“A series of short nature trails around Tongariro's lower valleys take in the various habitats, home to fascinating and diverse native plants and animals, and are a great way to get to know the park's special places and stories. ”（汤加里罗下游山谷周围有一系列短小的自然小径，有着各种各样的栖息地，有着迷人而多样的本地动植物，是了解公园特殊地方和故事的绝佳途径。）可知，在自然小径可以看到很多本地动植物，所以此处最吸引动物爱好者。故选C。

3.细节理解题。根据Key Tips部分最后一句“Whatever kind of accomm odation you choose, it will pay to book in advance during peak season ( December to March)”（无论你选择哪种住宿方式，在旺季(12月至3月)提前预订都需要付费）可知，旺季是12月至3月，所以如果要避开高峰期，可以在四月。故选D。

B

On the outside, 12-year-old Luna seems like your average kid. It's not until you get to know her that you learn that Luna is anything but average.

Bom with a heart defect (缺陷)called dextrocardia, Luna has had three open-heart operations and continues to pursue her interests in art and fashion. But when Luna was approached by athletic shoe company Saucony to design a shoe for sale across the country, it came as quite a surprise.

“This is so incredible. I got to use my art and creativity for something new that I'd never thought I'd be able to design,“ Luna said. She is one of six patients from Boston Children's Hospital ( BCH) who have partnered with Saucony to design their own shoe to launch the Shoes with Soul campaign.

“Rather than just a donation, we wanted to create an experience and a moment that would not only raise money, but also awareness to highlight all the amazing work that's being done at BCH,“ says Chris, Saucony's vice president. “Specifically, we wanted to give some of the BCH kids an opportunity to share their story and their talents with the world. ”

Luna's design is fashion. u On the tongue ,they digitalized one of my drawings, and then on bottom it's a really bright pink color, and on the inside ,the sole of the shoe is actually another

drawing I did of a sunset,“ she said. "Thinking about kids everywhere around the world wearing my shoe is amazing. It blows my mind.”

The income from the shoe sales will benefit the Boston Children's Hospital Cardiac Fitness Program, which encourages kids to “find your possible" through personalized exercise programs tailored for each individual patient's heart condition.

“It feels really good to help people and it's really something I can relate to,“ says Luna. “The advice I would give a kid or someone like me is never give up. There are a lot of kids out there with your condition and you're not alone.”

4. What can we learn from Chris' words?

A. It's unwise to raise money.

B. It's optional to seek donations.

C. It's wonderful to study art.

D. It's necessary to show kids' talents.

5. What does Luna mean by “It blows my mind" in paragraph 5?

A. I'm overjoyed.

B. ['m very serious.

C. My mind goes blank.

D. My mind is racing.

6. Which of the following best describes Luna?

A. Gifted and determined.

B. Generous and serious.

C. Grateful and helpful.

D. Creative and sensitive.

7. What is the text mainly intended to do?

A. Tell us a story of a disabled girl.

B. Set a good example to the disabled.

C. Launch Saucony's new brand shoes.

D. Introduce a campaign with kid patients.

【答案】4. D 5. A 6. A 7. D

这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个有着先天性心脏缺损的12岁孩子Luna没有选择放弃，而是与Saucony公司合作，用自己的艺术天赋和坚持，设计出了自己的鞋子，发起“Shoes with soul（有灵魂的鞋子）”活动，最终通过这项活动来帮助其他患有心脏疾病的人。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Rather than just a donation, we wanted to create an experience and a moment that would not only raise money, but also awareness to highlight all the amazing work that's being done at BCH”（不仅仅是捐款，我们想创造一种体验和时刻，不仅是为了筹集资金，也是为了让人们意识到BCH正在做的所有了不起的工作）和“Specifically, we wanted to give some of the BCH kids an opportunity to share their story and their talents with the world.”（特别地，我们想给BCH的孩子们一个机会，与世界分享他们的故事和他们的才能。）可知，展示孩子的才能是必要的。故选D。

【5题详解】

词句猜测题。根据文章第五段Luna的话“Thinking about kids everywhere around the world wearing my shoe is amazing.”（想到世界各地的孩子都穿着我的鞋，真是太棒了。）可找到关键词amazing，表示“惊人的，了不起的”，可知，Luna觉得若是每个孩子都能穿上她设计的鞋子，是一件令她高兴惊喜的事。因此推断“It blows my mind”表明Luna是极为高兴的。故选A。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第二段的“continues to pursue her interests in art and fashion”（继续追求她在艺术和时尚方面的兴趣）、第三段的“I got to use my art and creativity for something new”（我开始用我的艺术和创造力去做一些新的事情）以及第四段的“share their story and their talents”（分享他们的故事和他们的天赋）可以看出Luna是有才华，有天赋的（talented/gifted），又根据文章第二段“Luna has had three open-heart operations and continues to pursue her interests in art and fashion.”（Luna做过三次心脏手术，并继续追求她对艺术和时尚的兴趣。）以及最后一段“The advice I would give a kid or someone like me is never give up.”（我给孩子或像我这样的人的建议是永远不要放弃。）可以看出Luna是意志坚定的（determined）。故选A。【7题详解】

主旨大意题。全文围绕“Luna是如何参与到这个活动的？”“这个活动是什么内容？”“活动的目的是什么？”以及“活动有什么重要意义？”“Luna想通过这个活动传递什么？”来讲述。因此推断D项：Introduce a campaign with kid patients.（介绍一项针对儿童患者的活动）是文章的目的。故选D。

C

The Assassin's Creed series has been about building immersive （沉浸式的）and accurate historical worlds. As their newest game releases f Assassins Creed Origins, they have also released

their Discovery Tours. These tours give players a chance to walk the streets of ancient Egypt, explore Alexandria and the pyramids, and learn about wildlife and geography. For students, experiencing the ancient world in this interactive way can be more interesting and effective than just reading a textbook or watching a documentary about what they are studying.

Assassins Creed is not the only game series that can be educational either. What is important about the role of historical games is the level of choice. When watching a film, students are passive receivers of content. However, when playing a game students have an active role to play in history.

A focus on choice and consequence is an important element of teaching and understanding history, so historical games can be a valuable teaching tool even if they aren't completely historically accurate. They have the power to immerse students in faraway worlds and allow them to think critically about cause and consequence, think about why historical events unfolded the way they did, and even think about possible alternative outcomes. All of these are critical for historical thinking processes. No longer do students need to rely only on reading textbooks or on instructors for knowledge.

When carrying this out in your class, remember that not all students enjoy playing video games, but they can still be a valuable learning tool. The instructor also needs to be an active facilitator and taking note of teachable moments. A video game is not going to teach a class ；it requires an awesome instructor to make everything come together. With the power of video games, ancient worlds no longer need to be limited to the pages of a textbook.

8. What does the underlined phrase “this interactive way“ in paragraph 1 refer to?

A. Walking an ancient street.

B. Playing a new game.

C. Reading a textbook.

D. Watching a documentary.

9. What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about Assassins Creed?

A. Why it is different from the film.

B. Why it gains popularity.

C. How it benefits teaching.

D. How it came into being.

10. Who plays a core role in game-aided teaching?

A The teachers. B. The players.

C. The designers.

D. The audiences.

11. What's the key message of this text?

A. A vivid description of ancient architecture.

B. An account of a new history learning method.

C A detailed explanation of a social problem.

D. An online advertisement of a stylish trend.

【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B

本文是一篇说明文，以最新发行的游戏《刺客信条起源》为例介绍了游戏可以在历史教学中扮演重要作用，可以作为一种新的学习历史的方法。

【8题详解】

词句猜测题。根据第一段“As their newest game releases f Assassins Creed Origins, they have also released their Discovery Tours. These tours give players a chance to walk the streets of ancient Egypt, explore Alexandria and the pyramids, and learn about wildlife and geography.”可知，随着最新游戏《刺客信条起源》的发行，他们也发布了他们的探索之旅。这些旅行让玩家有机会在古埃及的街道上漫步，探索亚历山大港和金字塔，了解野生动物和地理。此处承接上文，说的是学生以这种游戏的方式体验古代世界比仅仅阅读课本或看纪录片更有趣、更有效，因此“这种互动的方式”指的就是“玩一种新游戏”，故选B。

【9题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第二段“However, when playing a game students have an active role to play in history. A focus on choice and consequence is an important element of teaching and understanding history, so historical games can be a valuable teaching tool even if they aren't completely historically accurate. They have the power to immerse students in faraway worlds and allow them to think critically about cause and consequence, think about why historical events unfolded the way they did, and even think about possible alternative outcomes. All of these are critical for historical thinking processes. No longer do students need to rely only on reading textbooks or on instructors for knowledge.”（而，当学生玩游戏时，他们在历史中扮演着积极的角色。对选择和结果的关注是教学和理解历史的一个重要因素，因此历史游戏可以是一个有价值的教学工具，即使它们不是完全准确的历史。它们有能力让学生沉浸在遥远的世界里，让他们批判性地思考原因和后果，思考历史事件为什么会以那样的方式展开，甚至思考可能的替代结果。所有这些对于历史思维过程都是至关重要的。学生不再需要仅仅依靠阅读课本或教师来获取知识。）可知，本段主要讲的是《刺客信条起源》这款游戏对历史教学的好处，故选C。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据第三段“A video game is not going to teach a class ；it requires an awesome instructor to make everything come together. With the power of video games, ancient worlds no longer need to be limited to the pages of a textbook.”（一个电子游戏不是用来教课的；这需要一个很棒的老师来让所有的事情都结合在一起。有了电子游戏的力量，古代世界不再需要局限在教科书上）可知，老师在游戏辅助教学上起着核心作用，故选A。

【11题详解】

主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段“For students, experiencing the ancient world in this interactive way can be more interesting and effective than just reading a textbook or watching a documentary about what they are studying.”（对学生来说，以这种互动的方式体验古代世界比仅仅阅读课本或看纪录片更有趣和有效）可知，本文以最新发行的游戏《刺客信条起源》为例介绍了游戏可以在历史教学中扮演重要作用，可以作为一种新的学习历史的方法，故选B。

D

The idea that having narrow local focus leaves little room for anything but a selfish mindset is a misconception, according to a new study that found that concern for local affairs could help with global environmental conservation.

You might have heard of NIMBY which means “not in my back yard” and describes an individual or group opposed to a new addition to the neighborhood, typically a factory, roadway or power station. Nimbyism and parochialism(眼界狭小), which is a focus on a local area, can go hand in hand, and there are concerns that parochialism paves the way for prejudice, narrowmindedness, and selfishness.

But researchers found the exact opposite to be true in a new study published. The researchers argue that positive parochialism can inspire a larger awareness of global environmental problems and encourage people to action.

“We did not find evidence that parochialism was necessarily negative and inward -looking,” said Patrick, a researcher for the study. “It can be those things, but there's no necessary conflict between feeling connected to your local area and feeling connected to the wider world. ”

For the study, the researchers reviewed documents from the 1987 Parish Maps project. The researchers showed how the Parish Maps project also demonstrated a passion for the environment and conservation. The researchers say that the Parish Maps project is a strong example of “positive

parochialism”, and shows that thinking locally can influence a globa l mindset.

“For a long time it has been generally agreed that if we want people to think about global affairs they need an international worldview-but this may not be the case,” said Patrick. “Given where we are now in terms of trying to encourage people to make changes to help the environment, positive parochialism offers something that has been overlooked.”

12. Which behavior can best illustrate NIMBY?

A. Criticizing a friend for his selfish action.

B. Accepting a proposal beneficial to locals.

C. Supporting a neighborhood construction plan.

D. Objecting to building an airport in the neighborhood.

13. Why does the author mention the Parish Maps project?

A. To explain how to protect the environment.

B. To offer an example of positive parochialism.

C. To encourage people to take part in the project.

D. To stress the importance of global mindset.

14. How does Patrick feel about “positive parochialism phenomenon”?

A. Appreciative.

B. Cautious.

C. Negative.

D. Puzzled.

15. What may be the best title for the text?

A. Parochialism, a better practice?

B. International view, more popular?

C. Thinking locally, acting globally

D. Bigger thinking, better environment

【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C

这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了一项新的研究发现，关注地方事务有助于全球环境保护，认为狭隘的地方关注只会让人产生自私的心态，是一种误解。

【12题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第二段“You might have heard of NIMBY which means “not in my back yard” and describes an individual or group opposed to a new addition to the neighborhood, typically a factory, roadway or power station.”（你可能听说过NIMBY这个词，意思是“不在我的后院”，

它指的是一个人或一个团体反对在社区内新建新设施，通常是工厂、道路或发电站。）可知，NIMBY反对在附近建设一些项目。由此推知，反对在附近建机场能属于NIMBY。故选D。【13题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第五段“For the study, the researchers reviewed documents from the 1987 Parish Maps project. The researchers showed how the Parish Maps project also demonstrated a passion for the environment and conservation. The researchers say that the Parish Maps project is a strong example of “positive parochialism” ,and show s that thinking locally can influence a global mindset.”（在这项研究中，研究人员回顾了1987年教区地图项目的文件。研究人员还展示了教区地图项目如何表现出对环境和保护的热情。研究人员表示，教区地图项目是“积极狭隘主义”的一个强有力的例子，表明本地思维可以影响全球思维。）可知，作者提到Parish Maps project是为了提供一个积极狭隘主义的例子。故选B。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““For a long time, it has been generally agreed that if we want people to think about global affairs they need an international worldview-but this may not be the case,” said Patrick. “Given where we are now in terms of trying to encourage people to make changes to help the environment,4 positive parochialism' offers something that has been overlooked.””（帕特里克说:“长期以来，人们普遍认为，如果我们想让人们思考全球事务，他们需要一种国际世界观。但事实可能并非如此。”“考虑到我们现在在鼓励人们做出改变来帮助保护环境方面所做的努力，‘积极的狭隘主义’提供了一些被忽视的东西。”）可推知，Patrick对“积极的狭隘主义”是持欣赏的态度的。故选A。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其第一段“The idea that having narrow local focus leaves little room for anything but a selfish mindset is a misconception, according to a new study that found that concern for local affairs could help with global environmental conservation.”（一项新的研究发现，关注地方事务有助于全球环境保护，认为狭隘的地方关注只会让人产生自私的心态，这是一种误解。）可知，文章讲述了一项新的研究发现，关注地方事务有助于全球环境保护，认为狭隘的地方关注只会让人产生自私的心态，是一种误解。故C项：Thinking locally, acting globally（立足本地，放眼全球）可以作为本文的最佳标题。故选C。

第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

You can run pretty much anywhere, with pretty much no equipment. So it must be easy to start-just put one foot in front of the other, right?

Not quite.

Starting a new training program, like most things, is stepping into unfamiliar area. ___16___ . Most people start out too hard, which leads to unnecessary tiredness and possible injury; or they just bum out, feeling that the last thing they want to do is go out for another heavy, painful run. Getting past that early period is the key to both running's benefits and pleasures.

___17___ You may want to start running to make your heart stronger, to up your endurance for other sports, or even just to fit into your tux（晚礼服,）again. Those are all worthy goals and setting them is a valuable aid to getting where you want to go.

If you like a challenge, your goal might be running the local 5K, or something more ambitious, like finishing a Tough Mudder obstacle run or qualifying for the Boston Marathon. A typical beginner who trains properly—without overdoing it — can safely finish a 5K after about three months. ___18___

Whatever you decide to aim for, committing to it will help your progress greatly. ___19___ . While a short, easy run a few times a week is better than nothing, it's not nearly as exciting as looking up at — then reaching — the next level.

Then don't get ahead of yourself. ___20___ . And gradually you can become a good run beginner.

A. Figure out why you're running.

B. The new training program will pay off.

C. And it is possible for a marathon after a year.

D. Otherwise you tend to make no further progress.

E. That is a remarkable achievement for a run beginner.

F. You should resist the urge to run too hard, too much, or too often.

G. You're eager but unsure, excited but potentially easy to make errors.

【答案】16. G 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. F

这是一篇说明文。文章主要给跑步初学者一些建议。

【16题详解】

根据上文“Starting a new training program, like most things, is stepping into unfamiliar area.”（像大多数事情一样，开始一个新的训练计划，就像是踏入了一个不熟悉的领域。）和下文“Most people start out too hard, which leads to unnecessary tiredness and possible injury; or they just bum out, feeling that the last thing they want to do is go out for another heavy, painful run.”（大多数人开始运动时过于用力，导致不必要的疲劳和可能的伤害;或者他们只是精疲力尽，觉得自己最不想做的事情就是再跑一次沉重而痛苦的跑步。）可知，初学者由于急切或者过于用力出现一些错误。G项：You're eager but unsure, excited but potentially easy to make errors.（你很急切但又不确定，很兴奋，但很容易犯错误。）符合语境。故选G。

【17题详解】

空处是段落主题句。根据下文内容“You may want to start running to make your heart stronger, to up your endurance for other sports, or even just to fit into your tux aga in.”（你可能想要开始跑步来让你的心脏更强壮，提高你在其他运动中的耐力，或者甚至只是为了再次穿上你的燕尾服。）可知，空处解释说明跑步的原因。A项：Figure out why you're running.（弄清楚你为什么要跑。）符合语境。故选A。

【18题详解】

根据上文“A typical beginner who trains properly—without overdoing it — can safely finish a 5K after about three months.”（一个典型的初学者如果训练得当——不会过度——可以在三个月后安全地跑完5公里。）可知，空处是在总结，只要训练的当，跑完马拉松也是可以的。C 项：And it is possible for a marathon after a year.（一年之后，马拉松比赛也是可能的。）符合语境。故选C。

【19题详解】

根据上文“Whatever you decide to aim for, committing to it will help your progress greatly.“（无论你决定的目标是什么，致力于它将大大帮助你的进步。）可知，只有致力于自己所做的事情才能取得进步，反之亦然。D项：Otherwise you tend to make no further progress.（否则你就不会有进一步的进展。）符合语境。故选D。

【20题详解】

根据上文“Then don't get ahead of yourself.”（然后不要操之过急）和下文“And gradually you can

become a good run beginner.”（慢慢地你就能成为一个好的跑步初学者。）可知，F项：You should resist the urge to run too hard, too much, or too often.（你应该抵制跑得太用力、太多或太频繁的冲动。）承上启下，符合语境。don't get ahead of yourself对应resist the urge to run too hard, too much, or too often。故选F。

第三部分语言运用[共两节，满分30分]

第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Byrd is in her eighth year of teaching at Wilder Elementary in Mansfield. She has taught fifth grader Fisher Croney every year since he was in kindergarten. Fisher ___21___ in the class by helping in Byrd's classroom whenever he has free time after class.

Byrd also ___22___ Fisher's mother, Shannon Croney, as an acquaintance. They would occasionally chat at their boys' baseball games. She had heard that Croney was having some

___23___ problems. In January 2019 Croney received a routine blood test and found her kidneys （肾）were not ___24___ normally. After going through a string of tests, doctors could not figure what caused her kidneys to ___25___. But Byrd didn't know what the ___26___ was until she saw a Facebook post from Fisher around Christmas of 2019. It was ___27___ to help his mother find a kidney. Byrd did not ___28___ to help. In March, Byrd, learned that she and Croney were a close ___29___ Even doctors were ____30____ that they were not related in blood.

Byrd was in the hospital for ____31____ in June. She was never ____32____ about the transplant（移植）. Actually, she felt honored that her donation enabled another person to live a totally ____33____ life.

Today, both women are doing well. They are turning their ____34____ to another member of their community, who is also sick and ____35____ a kidney transplant.

21. A. gives out B. stands out C. looks about D. sits about

22. A. learned B. met C. taught D. knew

23. A. family B. behavior C. communication D. health

24. A. functioning B. growing C. forming D. beating

25. A. miss B. ache C. fail D. improve

26. A. schedule B. issue C. offer D. opportunity

27. A. intended B. allowed C. persuaded D. urged

28. A. respond B. hesitate C. confirm D. attend

29. A. encounter B. relative C. neighbor D. match

30. A. excited B. embarrassed C. surprised D. relieved

31. A. surgery B. practice C. recovery D. training

32. A. curious B. nervous C. certain D. frank

33. A. normal B. casual C. strange D. dependent

34. A. back B. faith C. attention D. respect

35. A. in favor of B. in memory of C. in recognition of D. in need of

【答案】21. B 22. D 23. D 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D

这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一个名叫Byrd的老师热心救助病人，捐献肾脏使病人过上正常生活的故事。

【21题详解】

考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：Fisher在班上很突出，只要下课后有时间，他就在Byrd的教室里帮忙。A. gives out放出，发出；B. stands out突出；C. looks about四下观望；D. sits about 闲坐着。根据后文“by helping in Byrd's classroom whenever he has free time after class.”可知，Fisher是个热心助人的好学生，应该是表现突出。故选B项。

【22题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：Byrd还认识Fisher的妈妈，Shannon Croney，是个熟人。A. learned 学习；B. met遇到；C. taught教；D. knew认识。根据后文“as an acquaintance”以及下面几句中他们的聊天，可知他们认识。故选D项。

【23题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们偶尔会在孩子们的棒球比赛上聊天。她听说Croney有一些健康问题。A. family家庭；B. behavior行为；C. communication交流；D. health健康。根据

后文“In January 2019 Croney received a routine blood test and found her kidneys （肾）were not ___4___ normally. ”可知，Croney的肾脏不正常，所以有些健康问题。故选D项。

【24题详解】

考查动词现在分词词义辨析。句意：2019年1月，Croney接受了常规血液检测，发现她的肾脏功能不正常。A. functioning正常工作；B. growing生长；C. forming组成；D. beating击打，跳动。根据后文提到的“the transplant（移植）”可知，Croney后来接受了肾脏移植手术，所以应该是肾功能不正常。故选A项。

【25题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：在经过一系列测试后，医生无法找出是什么导致她的肾脏衰竭A. miss想念，错过；B. ache疼痛；C. fail失败；D. improve提高。Croney后来接受了肾脏移植手术，可知，她的肾脏衰竭。故选C项。

【26题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：但直到在2019年圣诞节前后，Byrd看到了Fisher在Facebook 上的一个帖子，她才知道问题出在哪里。A. schedule时间表；B. issue问题；C. offer提供；

D. opportunity机会。根据后来Croney接受肾脏移植，可推测Fisher帖子是为母亲寻找肾源，所以此处指“问题”出在哪里。故选B项。

【27题详解】

考查动词过去分词词义辨析。句意：这是为了帮助他的母亲找到一个肾脏。A. intended打算；

B. allowed允许；

C. persuaded说服；

D. urged敦促。根据前文“she saw a Facebook post from Fisher”可知，Fisher把消息发在Facebook上，是有目的的，是为了找肾源。be intended to…意为“是为了……”。故选A项。

【28题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：Byrd毫不犹豫地提供了帮助。A. respond回应；B. hesitate犹豫；

C. confirm确认；

D. attend参加，出席。根据后文“She was never ___12___ about the transplant （移植）. Actually, she felt honored that her donation enabled another person to live a totally ___13___ life.”，可知，Byrd为病人捐献了一个肾脏，感到帮助另一个人过上正常生活是光荣的，所以，此处指“毫不犹豫”提供帮助。故选B项。

【29题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年3月，Byrd得知她和Croney是相匹配的，甚至连医生都惊讶于他们没有血缘关系。A. encounter偶然相遇；B. relative亲戚；C. neighbor邻居；D. match

匹配，相匹配的人。根据后文可知她们肾移植成功了，所以她们是相匹配的。故选D 项。

【30题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。今年3月，Byrd 得知她和Croney 是相匹配的

，甚至连医生都惊讶于

她们没有血缘关系。

A. excited 激动的；

B. embarrassed 尴尬的；

C. surprised 吃惊的；

D. relieved 放心的。她们没有血缘关系，却能够做移植手术，这种现象比较少见，所以连医生都惊讶。故选C 项。

【31题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：Byrd 六月份在医院动手术。A. surgery 手术；B. practice 实践；

C. recovery 恢复，痊愈；

D. training 训练。根据“She was never ___12___ about the transplant （移植）.”可知，Byrd 在医院做移植手术。故选A 项。

【32题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对移植手术从不紧张。A. curious 好奇的；B. nervous 紧张的；

C. certain 肯定的；

D. frank 坦白的。根据后文“Actually, she felt honored that her donation enabled another person to live a totally ___13___ life. ”可知，Byrd 因能帮助别人感到很荣幸， 所以对于移植手术不紧张。故选B 项。

【33题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，她很荣幸她的捐献能让另一个人过上完全正常的生活。

A. normal 正常的；

B. casual 随便的；

C. strange 奇怪的；

D. dependent 独立的。根据医学常识以及后文“Today, both women are doing well. ”可知，病人过上了完全正常的生活。故选A 项。

【34题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。 句意：她们把注意力转向了她们社区的另一名成员，这名成员也生病了，需要肾移植。A. back 后部；B. faith 信念；C. attention 注意；D. respect 尊敬。根据后文“who is also sick and ___15___ a kidney transplant. ”可知，社区里又有个病人，句中they 指Byrd （帮助者）和Croney （受帮助者），她们都有一颗爱心，所以此处指她们的“注意力”又转移到救助别的病人上去了。故选C 项。

【35题详解】

考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：她们把注意力转向了她们社区的另一名成员，这名成员也生病了，需要肾移植。A. in favor of 赞同；B. in memory of 纪念；C. in recognition of 为酬谢；

D. in need of 需要。根据前文“sick ”和后文“a kidney transplant.”可知，另一名成员生病

了，需要肾移植。故选D项。

第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In the third century BC, the full stop (句号)or period ___36___( introduce) by Greek literary critic Aristophanes of Byzantium. It is used ___37___(show) the end of a sentence. However, the full stop has a different meaning to teenagers and those in their early 20s, ___38___interpret it as sign of anger. And there is a reason for that.

The younger generation has grown up using the texts as their primary means of communication. When sending messages ,they tend to break up their thoughts by sending each one as ___39___ separate message, instead of using a full stop. They feel the full stop once

___40___(use) in traditional texting is not essential at all because the message is now ended just by sending it.

David Crystal, one of the world's leading language ___41___( expert) , argues that the usage of full stops is being revised in a really fundamental way. In his book, he says that the full stop has become an emotion marker that ___42___( remind) the receiver that the sender is angry or

___43___ (annoy).

Though the full stop has taken on a different meaning to the younger generation, specialists noted that it is important to take language environment ___44___ account. For example, using full stops in an email is ____45____ ( perfect) acceptable and is not considered rude.

【答案】36. was introduced

37. to show

38. who 39. a

40. used 41. experts

42. reminds/ will remind

43. annoyed

44. into 45. perfectly

这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了有关于句号使用的相关情况。

【36题详解】

考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：公元前三世纪，句号被拜占庭的希腊文学评论家阿里

斯托芬引入。根据时间状语In the third century BC可知，此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，主语和谓语动词是被动关系，or连接的主语谓语动词遵循就近原则，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填was introduced。

【37题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：它用来表示句子的结尾。be used to do sth.为固定用法，意为“被用来做某事”，空处需填动词不定式。故填to show。

【38题详解】

考查定语从句。句意：然而，对于十几岁的青少年和20岁出头的年轻人来说，句号有不同的含义，他们认为这是愤怒的表现。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词teenagers and those in their early 20s，指人，需用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。

【39题详解】

考查冠词。句意：在发送信息时，他们倾向于通过将每条信息单独发送，而不是使用句号来分散自己的思想。message为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一条独立的信息”，且separate发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。

【40题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：他们认为，曾经在传统短信中使用的句号已经没有必要了，因为现在短信通过发送就可以结束了。feel为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词，use和stop为动宾关系，需填过去分词形式。故填used。

【41题详解】

考查名词。句意：世界顶尖的语言专家之一David Crystal认为，句号的用法正在以一种真正根本的方式被修改。expert意为“专家”，是可数名词，one of后面需加名词复数形式。故填experts。

【42题详解】

考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在他的书中，他说句号已经成为一种情绪标记，提醒接收者发送者是生气或恼怒的。结合语境，此处可表示陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，也可使用一般将来时，主语为that，指代marker，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填reminds/will remind。

【43题详解】

考查形容词。句意：在他的书中，他说句号已经成为一种情绪标记，提醒接收者发送者是生气或恼怒的。分析句子结构，空处位于系动词is之后，需填形容词作表语，此处表示人的