2013大学英语重修3上课用题
2013大学英语重修大学英语三课堂材料
阅读理解：
Passage 1
Many students want to know about the differences between American English and British English. How did these differences come about? There is no quick answer to this question. At first the language in Britain and American was the same. In 1776 American became an independent country. After that, the language slowly began to change. For a long time the language in America stayed the same, while the language in England changed. For example, 300 years ago the English talk ed about “fall”. Today, most British people talk about “autumn”, but Americans still talk about “fall”. In the same way Americans still use the expression “I guess” (meaning “I think”), just as the British did 300 years ago.
At the same time, British English and American English started borrowing words from other languages, ending up with different words. For example, the British took “typhoon” from Chinese, while the American took “tornado” from Spanish.
In 1828 Noah Webster published the first American dictionary. He wanted to make American English different from British English, so he changed the spelling of many words. That’s why the words colour, centre and traveller are spelt color, center and traveler in American English. Except for these differences in spelling, written English is more or less the same in both British and American English. The differences are greater in the spoken language. However, most of the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other.
1.America stopped being a part of England in ________.
A. 1707
B. 1828
C. 1776
D. 1911
2.Which of the following statements is true?
A. After 1776 American English and British English stayed the same.
B. After 1776 American English changed but British English stayed the
same.
C. After 1776 British English changed but American English stayed the
same.
D. After 1776 both British English and American English changed.
3.B ritish English is different from American English because ______.
A. British decided to change the spelling of many American words.
B. American English changed but British English stayed the same.
C. the American and British took different words from other languages.
D. America is a bigger country.
4.Noah Webster was ______.
A. an American president
B. a Spanish farmer
C. a British teacher
D. an American writer
5.Which of the following statements is true?
A.In the future both American English and British English will stay the
same.
B. In the future American English will change but British English will not.
C. In the future British English will change but American English will not.
D. In the future both British English and American English will change
Passage 2
Keep to the right. When they are walking on sidewalks, in hallways, or on stairways, in two opposite directions, Americans stay on the right side. This enables them to pass each other without physical contact and to go as quickly as possible.
Line up and wait your turn. When they are in the situations where a group of people want attention or service from someone, Americans line up. In the bank or at the theater box office, the latest person to arrive will step to the end of the line and patiently wait their turn. This behavior shows that all people are equal, in the sense that no one has the privilege of going directly to the front of a line. It also shows they do not like touching, which is much less likely to happen in a line than in a crowd to get service.
First-come, first-served. Related to the “line up” rule is the first-come, first-served rule. Usually, people think that the person who arrives first gets attention first. Alternative ideas, such as giving priority to older people or richer ones or females, do not normally occur to equal-minded Americans.
Don’t block the traffic. Generally, Americans give priority to people who are moving rather than to those who are staying. A person who is in a moving crowd and who wishes to stop or to go more slowly than others is expected to move to the side or otherwise get out of the way of those who are continuing to move. It is considered inconsiderate to block people’s path.
In recent years an anti-smoking movement has made considerable headway in the United States. Some states and localities have prohibited smoking in certain public places. Large numbers of American smokers have discontinued doing so, and campaigns in the public schools are aimed at discouraging young people from taking up the habit. People who do smoke are likely to postpone having a cigarette until they are in a situation where they can smoke without “polluting” the air around non-smokers.
1. Which of the following can be inferred from Americans’ keeping to the right?
A.Americans dislike body touching
B.Americans love to make great progress in every field.
C.Most Americans are right-handed.
D.We can always find Americans walking in two different directions.
2. The behavior of lining up shows that Americans ______.
A.are patient except when they are in a hurry
B.are of the opinion that all people have equal rights
C.are not accustomed to a large population
D.need better service
3. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?
A.Americans often let old people be served first.
B.“Line up” rule is closely related to “keep to the right” rule.
C.If a person arrives first, he will get attention first.
D.Americans like to be served first.
4. From the text we know that Americans ______.
A.expect others to move to the side
B.often avoid blocking other people’s path
C.give way to the people who are standing instead of the people who are moving
D.fail to consider other people’s feelings
5. According to the text, campaigns in public schools are aimed at ______.
A.prohibiting young people from smoking
B.punishing young people for smoking when they are in non-smoking areas.
C.discouraging young people from smoking in public places
D.discouraging young people from establishing the habit of smoking
Passage 3
Your body works 24 hours a day. It’s always building and repairing, feeding and cleansing itself. Its goal is to be ready for your every movement, breath, and thought. The quality of your life depends on how well your body works. And how well your body works depends on how much energy it gets. Energy comes from the food you eat. Food contains nutrients that your body needs for growth and energy.
By eating a balanced diet, your body gets the six essential nutrients it needs. Minerals are nutrients that build bones and teeth. Minerals also form red blood cells and other substances. Water aids digestion and waste removal. Carbohydrates give your body its main source of energy. Two carbohydrates are sugars from foods such as fruits and vegetables and starches found in rice, potatoes, and bread. Fats help build cell membranes. Proteins repair and grow body tissues. Finally, vitamins help your body use carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
The United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) has created a nutritional food pyramid. It shows the daily number of servings you should eat from five food groups. The food pyramid has four levels. The base of the pyramid is the largest level. It contains the bread, cereal, rice, and pasta group from which you need six to eleven servings. The next level has two food groups: vegetables and fruits. The USDA recommends three to five servings of vegetables and two to four servings of fruit. The third level also has two groups: the milk, yogurt, and cheese group and the meat, poultry, fish, dry beans, eggs, and nuts group. You need two to three servings from each of these groups. The top of the pyramid is the smallest level. It contains fats, oils, and sweets. These foods have few nutrients, so eat them sparingly.
1.The title for this passage is________.
A.What You Need to Know About Fats
B.An Apple a Day Keeps the Doctor Away
C.Water: An Essential Nutrient
D.Eating for Life and Health
2.A balanced diet_________.
A. consists of foods from five food groups
B. includes many foods containing fat
C. includes six to eleven servings of fruit
D. can be obtained by taking vitamins
3. The first paragraph suggests that food__________.
A.is something that cleanses your body.
B.can improve the quality of your life.
C.should be eaten at night as well as during the day.
D.will make it easier for you to exercise.
4.To help the reader identify the six nutrients needed by the body, the author________.
A.describes the five basic food groups.
B.explains what a balanced diet is
C.writes the name of each nutrient
D.tells the number of daily servings needed from each food group
5.A nutrient is_________.
A. a substance that give the body energy.
B. a type of blood cell
C. a body tissue.
D. he quality of your life
Passage 4
The United States is full of automobiles. There are still many families without cars, but some families have two or even more. However, cars are used for more than pleasure. They are necessary part of life.
Cars are used for business. They are driven to offices and factories by workers who have no other way to get to their jobs. When salesmen are sent to different parts of the city, they have to drive in order to carry their products. Farmers have to drive into the city in order to get supplies.
Sometimes small children must be driven to school. In some cities school buses are used only when children live more than a mile from the school. When the children are too young to walk that far, their mothers take turns driving them to school. One mother drives on Mondays, taking her own children and neighbors’ children as well. Another drives on Tuesdays, another on Wednesdays, and so on. This is called forming a car pool. Men also form car pools, with three or four men taking turns driving to the place where they all work.
More car pools should be formed in order to put fewer automobiles on the road and to use less gasoline. Parking is a great problem, and so is the traffic in and around cities. Too many cars are being driven. Something will have to be done about the use
of cars.
1. Many families in the U.S. own cars because ______.
A. cars are a source of pleasure for them
B. they need a car to form a car pool
C. they live more than a mile away from the school
D. cars form necessary part in their life
2. Which of the following groups is NOT mentioned though they certainly drive cars?
A. Office workers
B. Police and mail carriers
C. Salesmen and farmers
D. Factory workers
3. Paragraph 3 suggests that in the United States ______.
A. children have to walk to school
B. school buses take all the children to school
C. mothers drive children to school
D. families usually live within a mile from the school
4. “A car pool” most probably means ______.
A. a number of people sharing the use of a car
B. a place for parking cars
C. a group of tourists driving alternatively
D. a place for learning to drive
5. What is the author’s advice about the use of cars?
A. To provide larger parking spaces
B. To build better roads
C. To produce fewer automobiles
D. To form more car pools
句子翻译选择：
1. The book sold more than 16 million copies.
A.这本书售出了超过16000本。
B.这本书售出了超过160000本。
C.这本书售出了超过1600000本。
D.这本书售出了超过16000000本。
2. She behaves very oddly at times. I don’t think she’s quite all there.
A.她有时很怪。我觉得她总不在那儿。
B.她有时很怪。我觉得她头脑不太正常。
C.她总是很怪。我觉得她总不在那儿。
D.她总是很怪。我觉得她头脑不太正常。
3. You are all thumbs. Let me help you move these vases.
A.你的手指都是拇指，让我帮你搬这些花瓶吧。
B.你笨手笨脚的，让我帮你搬这些花瓶吧。
C.你的手指都是拇指，让我帮你搬这些瓦斯瓶吧。
D.你笨手笨脚的，让我帮你搬这些瓦斯瓶吧。
4. I saw a black and white horse.
A.我看见了一匹黑马和一匹白马。
B.我看见了一匹黑白花斑马。
C.我看见了一座黑色房子和一座白色房子。
D.我看见了一座黑白房子。
5. As long as we don’t lose heart, we will find a way to overcome the difficulty.
A. 我们丢失信心太长时间了，找不到克服困难的路。
B. 只要我们不失去信心，我们就会找到办法克服困难。
C. 我们走了一段很难的路，时间太久心也累了。
D．只要我们别漫不经心的走，就能找到一条路。
6. It is a pity that you missed the lecture made by Ms. Li.
A. 你怀念李老师的课了真是遗憾。
B. 李老师的课让你又怀念又羞愧。
C．你在李老师的课上只顾着遗憾了。
D. 你错过了李老师的课真是遗憾。
7. You would find it different even when you make minute changes.
A. 哪怕是做出小小的改变，你也会发现不同。
B. 你会发现每一分钟它都变得不一样。
C. 你会发现在一分钟之内做出改变是很难的。
D. 即使是每一分钟都能引起不同的变化。
8. The public objected to his uncompromising behavior.
A. 公众对他的行为目标并不能妥协。
B. 公共的目标就是不要做出妥协行为。
C. 公众反对他这种不肯妥协的行为。
D. 他这种不妥协的行为是公开明确的。
9. Don't take it personally.
A.不要觉得这是针对你个人的。
B.不要当作自己的事情。
C.不要自私。
D.不要上当。
10. Time is always ticking in our inner ear.
A. 时间总是在我们心中滴滴嗒嗒的响着。
B. 时间总是不停歇。
C. 时间总是忙个不停。
D. 时间总是在耳朵里走个不停。
11. The US is definitely a telephone country.
A. 美国无疑是个电话王国。
B. 美国人都喜欢用电话。
C. 联合国决定推广电话。
D. 联合国一直使用电话设备。
12. Telephone saves the feet and endless amounts of time.
A. 电话不仅能免去走路之劳，还能节省大量时间。
B. 电话不能停止脚步，时间一去不复返。
C. 电话应该移动着使用，节约时间。
D. 电话能够节省劳动，节省时间。
13．The manager came in person to make sure that everything was all right.
A. 经理带领一个人来查明一切都没有问题。
B. 经理亲自查明一切都没有问题。
C. 经理带领一群人来查明一切都没有问题。
D. 经理亲自确信东西都向右面。
14. Fortunately there was a hospital nearby and we took him there at once.
A. 幸运的是，我们一到附近的医院他就来了。
B. 幸好附近有家医院，我们立即把他送到了那里。
C. 幸好附近有家医院，我们以前把他送到了那里。
D. 幸好附近有家医院，我们有一次把他送到了那里。
15. We often find it much more difficult to apply a rule than to know it.
A. 我们常常发现申请一项政策比了解它要难多了。
B. 我们常常发现懂得一个规律比运用它要难多了。
C. 我们常常发现运用一个规律比懂得它要难多了。
D. 尽管掌握一个法规很难，但我们最终还是理解了它。
英译汉：
1. Though how the English language came into existence remains a mystery to many people, linguists believe that English and most other European languages have descended from a common source: the Indo-European parent language. English was first spoken by the Anglo-Saxon who invaded England in the fifth century. They passed onto us the basic vocabulary of English. In over fifteen centuries of its
development, English has enriched itself by massive borrowing. As British immigrants landed in America and established the United States as an independent nation, a new variety was added to the English language: American English. Though some people worry that the language is running out of control, many native speakers of English take pride in the tolerance of their language.
2. Friendship is one of the most important relationships in our lives. Over the course of your career, you are sure to make many friends. Facts have proved that people who have friends tend to lead a richer and longer life than those without. We expect a close friendship to last. So, when you feel a friend has hurt you, you may just as well sit down with that friend and talk about why you feel hurt. Talk about what has happened—not in anger, but as calmly as you can. By so doing you are likely to fix a nearly broken friendship.
汉译英：
1. 因特网在继电话之后已成为人们生活的又一重要组成部分。消费者使用因特网进行在线购物和投资。大多数消费者使用信用卡在线购物付款。其它电子支付系统，有时被称为“数字货币”或“e现金”现在也十分普遍。这些支付系统的目标就是使得购物更加简便。比如说“储值卡”能够把现金的价值转入卡内，这张卡在公交系统、各大高校、加油站和预付话费中广泛应用。
2. 中国将进一步发展经济、扩大开放，这对海外企业（enterprises）意味着更多的商机。改革开放以来，中国企业与海外企业一直积极开展经济技术合作，并取得了巨大成就。海外企业不仅帮助了中国企业的成长，而且也在合作中获得了收益。中国政府将继续提供有利的政策和条件，推动中国企业与国外企业进一步开展合作。
作文：
作文题目1：My View on Part-time Jobs
Directions: For this part, you will write a short passage entitled My View on Part-time Jobs. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.
1. 有人认为大学生可以利用业余时间做些兼职工作，因为这样可以了解社会并且积累工作经验等
2. 有人认为大学生兼职有很多弊端，例如：影响学习等
3. 你的看法
作文题目2：Online Shopping
Directions: For this part, you will write a short passage entitled Online Shopping. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below.
1. 网络购物越来越流行
2. 人们喜欢网络购物的原因
3. 网络购物是否会替代实体店购物
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解：由γ +p 水 γ +1h 水银 a p h =2，有-=a p p γ 水 -1h γ 水银 22/565463.013328015.0980098000m N h =?-?-= 3. 如图，涵洞进口装有一圆形平板闸门，闸门平面与水平面成60o，铰接于B 点并可绕B 点转动，门的直径d=1m ，门的中心位于上游水面下4m ，门重G=980N 。当门后无水时，求从A 处将门吊起所需的力T 。（其中J cx =πr 4/4）（参考分数：14分） 解：闸门所受水的总压力 P=γh c A=9.8×4×π×0.5×0.5 =30.79kN 压力中心D 到B 的距离 ()m H d Y A Y J Y L c c c c c 51.05.05.060sin 45.02 24 =+?????? ????=+-+ =ππ B 到T 的垂直距离 m d x 5.060cos =??= B 到G 的垂直距离 m d y 25.060cos 2 =??= 根据理论力学平衡理论 kN x Gy PL T Tx Gy PL M A 230 =+==-+=∑
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材料力学期中模拟试卷 2008/2009（一） 姓名：学号：班级：. 一、填空题（每空1分，共25分） 1．构件的承载能力包括，和三个方面。 2．铸铁压缩试件，破坏是在截面发生剪切错动，是由于引起的。 3．求图示圆截面轴指定截面上的扭矩。T1＝，T1＝。 （kN·m）4．剪切虎克定律可表示为，该定律的应用条件是。 5．阶梯轴尺寸及受力如图所示，AB段的最大切应力τmax1与BC段的最大剪应力τmax2之比τmax1/τmax2＝。 6．图示圆轴受扭，其最大的单位长度扭转角φmax＝。 7．图示梁C截面弯矩M c= ；为使 则m≥。
8．将厚度为2mm的钢板尺与一曲面密实接触， 已知测得钢尺A点处的应变为-1/1000，则该曲面在A点处的曲率半径为 。 9．（A）和（B）二梁横截面积相等，材料相同。若按剪应力强度条件，两梁的承载能力之比[P a]/[P b]＝。 (b) (a) 10．梁在弯曲时，横截面上正应力沿高度是按分布的；中性轴上的正应力为；矩形截面梁横截面上切应力沿高度是按分布的。 11．矩形截面悬臂梁受载如图示。 (1)若梁长l增大至2l，则梁的最大挠度增大至原来的倍。 (2)若梁截面宽度由B减小到B/2，则梁的最大挠度增大至原来的倍。 (3)若梁截面高度由h减小到h/2，则梁的最大挠度增大至原来的倍。 12．图示梁的A、B、C、D四点中，单向应力状态的点是，纯剪应力状态的点是，在任何截面上应力均为零的点是。 h
二、选择题（每题2分，共20分） 1．变截面杆受集中力P 作用，如图。设F 1，F 2和F 3分别表示杆件中截面1－1，2－2和3－3上沿轴线方向的内力值，则下列结论中哪个是正确的？ （A ）F 1＝F 2＝F 3； （B ）F 1＝F 2≠F 3； （C ）F 1≠F 2＝F 3； （D ）F 1≠F 2≠F 3。 2．等截面直杆受力P 作用发生拉伸变形。已知横截面面积为A ，则横截面上的正应力和45°斜截面上的正应力分别为： （ ） （A ）P /A ，P /(2A )； （B ）P /A ，P /(21/2 A )； （C ）P /(2A )，P /(2A )； （D ）P /A ，21/2 P /A 。 3．脆性材料具有以下哪种力学性质： （ ） （A ）试件拉伸过程中出现屈服现象； （B ）压缩强度极限比拉伸强度极限大得多； （C ）抗冲击性能比塑性材料好； （D ）若构件因开孔造成应力集中现象，对强度无明显影响。 4．由同一种材料组成的变截面杆的横截面面积分别为2A 和A ，受力如图示，E 为常数。有下列结论，正确答案是 （ ） （A ）D 截面位移为0； （B ）D 截面位移为Pl /(2EA)； （C ）C 截面位移为Pl /(2EA)； （D ）D 截面位移为Pl /(EA)。 5．对于受扭的圆轴，关于如下结论，正确答案是 ） ① 最大切应力只出现在横截面上。 ② 在横截面上和包含杆件轴线的纵截断面上均无正应力。 ③ 圆轴内最大拉应力的值和最大剪应力的值相等。 （A）①、②对； （B）①、③对； （C）②、③对； （D）全对。 6．一圆轴用普通碳钢制成，受扭后发现单位长度扭转角超过了许用值，为提高刚度拟采用适当措施，现有四种答案，正确答案是 （ ） （A）改为优质合金钢； （B）用铸铁代替； （C）增大圆轴直径； （D）减小轴的长度。 7．如图所示的悬臂梁，自由端受力偶M 的作用，梁中性层上正应力σ及切应力τ有四种答案： （A ） σ≠0，τ＝0； （B ） σ＝0，τ≠0； （C ） σ＝0，τ＝0； （D ） σ≠0，τ≠0。 正确答案是 （ ） h
2013年英语六级真题及答案汇总(完整文字版)
DUANG~~DUANG~~DUANG~~，又到一年CET。说到四六级，你第一反应是裸考刷分？还是abandon？是单词书本？还是逝去的青春？考过的，满满都是回忆；将要考的，给你们加油鼓劲！ 2013年英语六级真题及答案汇总 目录 2013年6月英语六级真题及答案 (2) 2013年12月英语六级真题及答案 (25) （为了这份资源，我也蛮拼的）
2013年6月英语六级真题及答案 Part ⅡListening Comprehension Section A 1. C M: The biological project is now in trouble. You know, my colleague and I have completely different ideas about how to proceed. W: Why don’t you compromise? Try to make it a win-win situation for you both. Q: What does the woman suggest the man do? 【听前预测】 1．四项均以动词原形开头。 2．两项提到同事(colleague)。 结论：对话应该是工作场景，可能提问接下来要怎么做或建议某人做什么。 2．B M: How does Nancy like the new dress she bought in Rome? W: She said she would never have bought an Italian style dress if she had known Mary had already got such a dress. Q: What do we learn from the conversation? 【听前预测】 1．四项提及两个人物——Mary和Nancy。 2．三项均与服饰、时尚有关(style，dress，fashion)，两项与购物有关(buying，shopping)。 结论：对话很可能与买衣服有关，注意区分两个人物的行为。 3．A M: You are not going to do all those dishes before we leave, are you?If we don’t pick up George and Martha in 25 minutes, we will never get to the theater on time. W: Oh, didn’t I tell you? Martha called to say her daughter was ill and they could not go tonight. Q: What is the woman probably going to do first? 【听前预测】 1．四项均以动词原形开头。
材力期末复习题
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12．若两梁的抗弯刚度相同，弯矩方程相同，则两梁的挠曲线形状完全相同。（）13．梁的最大挠度必然发生在梁的最大弯矩处。（） 14．只要构件横截面上的弯矩为零，则该横截面上的正应力σ处处为零。（） 15．梁受横力弯曲时，其横截面上各点处的主应力必定是σ1≥0，σ3≤0。（） 16．斜弯曲时，梁的横向外力必通过截面形心，且其挠曲线仍是一条平面曲线，只是不在外力作用的纵向平面内。（） 17．斜弯曲时，中性轴是一条不通过截面形心的直线。（） 15．圆轴弯扭（拉扭）组合变形时，轴内任一点的主应力必定有σ1≥0，σ3≤0。（）18．压杆失稳的主要原因是由于外界干扰力的影响。（） 19．由同一材料制成的压杆，其柔度愈大，就愈容易失稳。（） 20．两根材料和柔度都相同的压杆，则两者的临界应力相等，临界力也相等。（）21．当压杆横截面上的工作应力大于、等于材料的比例极限时，压杆就丧失稳定。（） 22．满足强度条件的压杆不一定满足稳定性条件；满足稳定性条件的压杆也不一定满足强度条件。（） 二．选择题 1．两拉杆材料和所受拉力都相等，且均处在弹性范围内，则 1）若两杆横截面积相同，而长度L1＞L2，则两杆的伸长△L1（）△L2，纵向线应变ε1（）ε2； 2）若两杆长度相同，而长度A1＞A2，则两杆的伸长△L1（）△L2，纵向线应变ε1（）ε2 。
安徽工程大学《大学英语四》(重修)练习五
《大学英语四》（重修）练习五 Part I.Reading Comprehension Directions:There are two passages in this part.Each passage is followed by5questions,with four choices given for each question.Please decide on the best choice. Passage1 On October12,1989,some Chinese scientists were working at the computers to look for the information they needed.Suddenly they saw a lot of very bright spots crossing the computer’s screens.At the same moment the computers were working much slower.To find out what was happening they stopped their work to look over some parts of the computers.To their surprise, they found out that most of their stored information was got rid of by computer viruses(病毒)!It’s clear that all these computers had been infected(传染)by computer viruses. It is said that the computer viruses were made by a group of young men interested in playing tricks.They all had a lot of computer knowledge.They made the viruses just to show their cleverness.This kind of computer viruses is named Jerusalem Viruses.These viruses can stay in computer for a long time.When the time comes they will hit the computers by lowering the functions,breaking their usual programs or even getting rid of all the information. We now come to know that Jerusalem Viruses often hit computers on Friday and that they are visiting a lot of computers.Among the countries that had computer viruses last year are Britain, Australia,Switzerland and the US.But till now,how to get rid of the terrible viruses is still a problem. 1.On October12,1989,some Chinese scientists operated the computers to_____. A.repair some parts of them B.get rid of the very bright spots C.look for Jerusalem Viruses D.look for what they wanted 2.The group of young men made the viruses to. A.break all the computers B.tell people they hated computers C.show they were clever D.get more knowledge about computers 3.Which of the following is the most serious result by the viruses? A.The computer’s functions are lowered. B.The usual programs are got rid of. C.Some parts of the computer are broken. D.All the information in the computer is missing. 4.When a computer is infected with the viruses,it will. A.stop working B.no longer be useful C.not work as usual D.not keep the information for long 5.According to the passage,computer viruses seem to be.
2013年6月英语六级真题试卷(第1套)
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材力题3
1．图示正方形桁架，各杆材料相同，横截面面积均为A ，其许用压应力为[c σ]，许用拉应力为[t σ]，且[t σ]=0.8[c σ]。在外力P 作用下，从强度方面考虑其横截面面积A 的值应为： （A ） A ≥][c σP （B ）A ≥][t σP （C ）A ≥][c σP 22 （D ）A ≥] [t σP 22 答：（A ） 桁架中间杆受压，A ≥][c σP 。四边各杆受拉，A ≥][t σP 22=] [c σP 825，取较大者。 2．如图所示结构承受外力作用，AB 为刚性梁，杆1和杆2材料相同，横截面面积相等。则两杆的轴力1N 和2N 之间的关系为： （A ）21N sin α=2N sin β （B ）1N sin β=2N sin α （C ）1N sin β2=2N sin α2 （D ）1N sin α2=2N sin β2 答：（C ） 由变形图得变形协调方程为1?l sin β=22?l sin α，而1?l = αcos EA l N 21，2?l =β cos EA l N 2。 3．图示线弹性等截面直杆仅在截面A 处作用拉力1P 时，截面A 向左位移为1?，其变形能为1U 。仅在截面B 处作用压力2P 时，截面B 向右位移为2?，其变形能为2U 。若该杆同时作用1P 与2P ，则杆的变形能U 为： （A ）U =1U +2U （B ）U =1U +2U +1P 2? （C ）U =1U +2U +2P 1? （D ）U =1U +2U －1P 2? 答：（D ） 线弹性范围内，变形能等于外力功且与加载次序无关。同时作用1P 与2P 时的变形能U 等于先作用1P 时的变形能1U ，加上再作用2P 时的变形能2U 和先作用的1P 在2P 所引起的1P 作用点处的位移上所作的功。作用2P 时截面B 以左的位移均为向右2?，此时1P 作负功。 4．图示单元体在纯剪切状态下变形时，保持不变的是： （A ）∠ABC 的大小 （B ）∠BAD 的大小 （C ）线段AB 的长度 （D ）线段BD 的长度 答：（C ） 纯剪切应力状态下，由于单元体上正应力为零，所以水平和铅直线段长度均不改变。 5．如图所示等直圆轴在自由端作用外力偶矩m ，c 点移至1c ，且c 1c =1mm 。已知材料的剪变模量G =80GPa ，则轴内最大剪应力为： （A ）40MPa （B ）80MPa （C ）120MPa （D ）160MPa 答：（B ） τ=G γ=80×310·1000 1=80MPa
大学英语三级重修翻译答案
第一单元： 1.No matter how experienced a speaker you are ,an how well youhave prepared your speech ,you will have difficulty making a speech at such a noisy reception.（无论你是多么富有经验的…） 2.Just as all his sister’s friends cared about him,jimmy cared about them.（吉米..） 3.Car manufacturers stamp a vehicle identification number at several palces on new cars to help track down stolen vehicles（汽车生产商…）. 4. If you dare tell on me when the teacher gets back I won’t say a word to you any more.（老师要告状…） 5. Some elderly people prefer to live on their own while the great majority choose to live with their children.（有些老年人独自…） 6. Here is something that needs to be reckoned with: how to get the necessary finances to establish the company.（现在需要面对的是…如何筹建..） 第二单元： . The defendant, a woman of only 30, kept insisting on her own innocence（被告是年仅30…）. 2. All tings considered, dates, beans and some leafy green vegetables are the best sources of iron （总体来看..枣，豆类..）. 3. No beverages are served with meals because they interfere with digestion.（正餐时不供应..） 4. Taking the popularity of the region into consideration, it is advisable to book hotels in advance.（考虑到哪个地区受欢迎的程度…） 5. If you have a feeling of wanting to throw up after taking this drug, stop taking it immediately and consult your doctors as soon as possible.（服药后有些呕吐感…） 6. Summing up the discussion, he said both parties should consider the most effective way to solve the problem.（总结这次谈论时….） 第三单元： 1. In his thinking, as in his behavior, he is very traditional（在他的思维方面…）. 2. Once the teachers agree to accept the new teaching program, they have to face the strain it puts on them.（教室一旦同意…） 3. In the long run, it is worthwhile to pursue one’s study after graduating from university instead of going to work directly.（从长远看…. ） 4. As the school operates on the Character First principle, moral values and academic achievements are stressed equally.（由于这所学校….办学宗旨…） 5. It is said that the meeting, which is scheduled to be held this month, will be put off till next month.（据说…原定于这个月…） 6. The school sees its job as preparing its students for life by cultivating a comprehensive set of principles that can benefit all of them.（这所学校把为学生….） 第四单元： 1. Everything considered, this city is the world’s most exciting city（从各方面考虑，这所城市.）. 2. Though with no approval from his parents, he went ahead with his plan to study abroad.（尽管没有得到父母的同意） 3. The bridge was named after the hero who gave his life for the cause of people.（这座桥是以一位英雄…） 4. It is said that the painter used his mother as the model in the painting whose face represented suffering yet strength（画家是以他母亲为模特的..）. 5. The writer instantly rose to fame in 1950 with the publication of a novel inspired by his
大学英语重修辅导试题2
Test 2 I.词汇语法 1.. I did not to meet you here far away in this country. A) think B) see C) expect D) guess 2. I wish I could have attended the job fair yesterday, but I it. A) missed B) would miss C) miss D) will miss 3. We are so busy this week that we have to the meeting till next week. A) give away B) put off C) take over D) set out 4. It is with great pleasure I accept your offer to join the club. A) which B) whom C) who D) that 5. To fully enjoy your trip, we hope you will make a detailed plan . A) on purpose B) in reality C) by accident D) in advance 6. Do you think such a small company will be capable of this large order? A) handling B) handled C) to handle D) handle 7. Please us of your decision and we will act according to it. A) give B) inform C) take D) make 8. The company makes it possible the market information with its partners. A) share B) sharing C) to share D) shared 9. It has been unusually cold this winter and experts say it’s not . A) normal B) different C) necessary D) important 10. our great surprise, our company has made much more profit than we expected last year. A) For B) In C) With D) To 11.We have got to________ a new way to solve this problem. A) tell about B) put out C) think of D)take over 12. I agree to the idea_______ our staff should use recycled(再生的) paper to save money. A) what B)as C)which D)that 13.The Quality Control staff is responsible _________ the quality of the products that come out of the factory. A)for B)of C)with D)to 14.The new manager has greatly changed the company __________ he took over the position. A)if B)since C)although D)while 15._________ the members cooperate well, the team will keep winning games. A)As far as B)As well as C)As long as D)As soon as