英国文学史及作品选读
英国文学史及作品选读
（模拟试题二）
Ⅰ. Multiple Choice（1′×20=20分）
1．______can be justly termed England’s national epic.
A. The Canterbury Tales
B. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight
C. The Song of Beowulf
D. The Romance of the Rose
2. Among of the following dramas, which is one of Shakespeare’s four tragedies?
A.Macbeth
B.As You Like it
C. Twelfth Night
D. The Merchant of Venice
3. _______ is called as “ father of English novels”
A. William Shakespeare
B. Christopher Marlowe
C. Daniel Defoe
D.John Donne
4. It was ____who made blank verse the principal vehicle of expression in drama.
A. Thomas Wyatt
B. William Shakespeare
C. Edmund Spenser
D. Christopher Marlowe
5. Absoulute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of ____, especially
Britain’s sea power was established.
A.James I
B. Henry VIII
C. Queen Elizabeth
D. Charles I
6. Hamlet, the most popular of Shakespeare's plays for readers and theater audiences, tells about the story of Hamlet, Prince of _______, and son of the dead king, who seeks revenge for his father’s death.
A. England
B. Norway
C. Scotland
D. Denmark
7. Which comment on John Donne is wrong?
A. He is the leading figure of metaphysical poetry.
B. His poetry is characterized by mysticism and peculiar conceit.
C. John Donne’s poetry is characterized regularity among irregularity
D. He never shows positive attitude towards love.
8. Robinson Crosue can be termed as____.
A. a self-dependent person
B. a person with colonial mind
C. an adventuous person
D. all of the above
9. Robert Burns is the representative of _____.
A. Sentimentalism
B. Pre-Romanticism
C. Romanticism
D. English Renaissance
10. William Blake’s ____ paint a world of misery, poverty, disease, war and repression with a
melancholy tone.
A.Poetical Sketches
B. The Book of Thel
C. Songs of Experience
D. Songs of Innocence
11. The notorious “Peterloo Massacre” happened in _____.
A. English Romantic period
B. English Renaissance
C. period of Restoration
D. Neo-classical period
12. Lyrical Ballads are made by ____.
A. Wordsworth and Shelley
B. Wordsworth and Southey
C. Wordsworth and Coleridge
D. Shelley and Byron
13. According to____, poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings which originates in emotion and recollected in tranquillity.
A. William Blake
B. William Shakespeare
C. Robert Burns
D. William Wordsworth
14. Which of the following statement is NOT correct?
A. English Renaissance is the rebirth of Greek and Roman culture.
B.The 17th century was one of the most tempestuous periods in English history.
C. The Romantic period is an age of poetry, no other literary form is developed
D. Romanticists paid great attention to the spiritual and emotional life of man.Personified nature
plays an important role in the pages of their works.
15. ____ was a novel dealing with the matter of marriages of that time.
A. Northanger Abbey
B. Pride and Prejudice
C. Persuasion
D. Sense and Sensibility
16. King ____ broke off with the Pope, dissolved all the monasteries and abbeys in the country,
which is known as Religious Reformation.
A. Henry VII
B. Henry VIII
C. Mary I
D.Elizabetha I
17. Which of the following statement about Geoffrey Chaucer is NOT correct?
A. He was the father of English poetry and one of the greatest narrative poets of England.
B. In The Canterbury Tales, he praises man’s energy, intellect and quick wit.
C. All the best poems and histories in Latin, French and Italian were well known to Chaucer.
D. He is a famous poet in Renaissance Period.
18. The image of Satan is from ____.
A. Greek Mythology
B. Roman Mythology
C. Old Testament
D. New Testament
19. The 18th century witnessed that in England there appeared two political parties_____
A. the Whigs and the Tories
B. the Senate and the House of Representatives
C. the upper House and lower House
D. the House of Lords and the House of Representatives
20.Which of the following is NOT written by Shelley?.
A. Ode to the West Wind
B. Solitary Reaper
C. To a Skylark
D. Promethus Unbound
Ⅱ. Translate the following literary terms (English into Chinese and Chinese into English) （1′×10=10分）
1．blank verse 2.quatrain 3. foreshadowing 4. poetic stanza 5. Puritanism
6. 奇喻
7. 史诗
8. 抑扬格四音步
9. 挽歌10. 人文主义
III. Identify the author and title of the literary work (2′×5=10分)
1.In every cry of every man,
In every voice, in every ban
The mind-forge’d manacles I hear.
2. Reading maketh a full man, conference a ready man and writing an exact man.
3. It came now very warmly upon my thoughts, and indeed irresistibly, that now was my time
to get me a servant, and perhaps a companion, or assistant.
4. And swear
No where
Lives a woman true, and fair
5. A poet could not but be gay,
In such a jocund company;
I gazed---- and gazed---- but little thought
What wealth the show to me had brought:
IV. Define the following literary terms (Each term should include the time, the features and representative figures or significance) (5′×4=20分)
1. English Renaissance
2. Sentimentalism
3. English Romanticism
4. Metaphysical Poetry
V. Interpreting the following texts(20′×2=40分)
Text 1
The curfew tolls the knell of parting day,
The lowing herd wind slowly o’er the lea,
The plowman homeward plods his weary way,
And leaves the world to darkness and to me. (stanza 1)
…
The breezy call of incense-breathing Morn,
The swallow twittering from the straw-bulit shed,
The cock’s shrill clarion, or the echoing horn,
No more shall rouse them from their lowly bed. (stanza 5)
Questions:
1.Identify the author and the title of this poem (2分)
2.Examine the poetic form (rhyme, foot and meter should be involved) (3分)
3.Explain the underlined words (4分)
4.What is the tone in stanza 1? How does the poet achieve it? (3分)
5.Stanza 5 involoves rich imagery, please classify them and give examples. (6分)
6.Point out the rhetorical devices in the above poem (2分)
Text 2
When I consider how my light is spent
Ere half my days, in this dark world and wide
And that one talent which is death to hide
Lodged with me useless, though my soul more bent
To serve therewith my Maker, and present
My true account, lest he returning chide;
“Doth God exact day-labor, light denied?”
I fondly ask; but Patience to prevent
That murmur, soon replies, “God doth not need
Either man’s work or his own gift s; who best
Bear his mild yoke, they serve him best. His state
Is kingly. Thousands at his bidding speed
And post o’er land ocean without rest:
They also serve who only stand and wait.”
Questions:
1.Identify the author and title (2分)
2.Identify the poetic form (3分)
3.Explain the underlined words. (4分)
4.What kind of mood is revealed in Milton’s On his Blindness? Optimistic or pessimistic? (2分)
5.How do you understand “They also serve who only stand and wait.”? (4分)
https://www.360docs.net/doc/0013210150.html,pare the first octave and the last sestet, what are the differences? (3分)
7.What is the theme? (2分)
Ⅰ. Multiple Choice（1′×20=20分）
1.____
2.____
3.____
4.____
5._____
6.____
7.____
8.____
9.____ 10._____
11.____ 12.____ 13.____ 14.____ 15.____
16.____ 17.____ 18.____ 19.____ 20.____
Ⅱ. Translate the following literary terms (English into Chinese and Chinese into English) （1′×10=10分）
1._________
2.________
3.________
4.________
5._________
6.__________
7.__________
8.__________
9._________ 10._________
III. Identify the author and title of the literary work (2′×5=10分)
1.__________________ _______________________
2.__________________ ________________________
3.__________________ ________________________
4.__________________ ________________________
5.__________________ _________________________
IV. Define the following literary terms (Each term should include the time, the
features and representative figures or significance) (5′×4=20分)
1.English Renaissance
2. Sentimentalism
4. Metaphysical Poetry
V. Interpreting the following texts(20′×2=40分)
Text 1
1.Identify the author and the title of this poem (2分)
2. Examine the poetic form (rhyme, foot and meter should be involved) (3分)
3. Explain the underlined words (4分)
4.What is the tone in stanza 1? How does the poet achieve it? (3分)
5.Stanza 5 involoves rich imagery, please classify them and give examples. (6分)
6.Point out the rhetorical devices in the above poem (2分)
Text 2
8.Identify the author and the title. (2分)
9.Identify the poetic form (3分)
10.Explain the underlined words (4分)
11.What kind of mood is revealed in Milton’s On His Blindness? Optimistic or Pessimistic? (2分)
12.How do you understand “They also serve who only stand and wait”? (4分)
https://www.360docs.net/doc/0013210150.html,pare the first octave and the last sestet, what are the differences? (3分)
14.What is the theme? (2分)
参考答案
Ⅰ. Multiple Choice（1′×20=20分）
1.__B__
2.___C_
3.__D__
4.__A__
5.__C___
6.__D__
7.__C__
8.__B__
9.__A__ 10.__D___
11.__C__ 12.__C__ 13.__D__ 14.__B__ 15.__D__
16.__B__ 17.__D__ 18.__C__ 19.__A__ 20.__B__
Ⅱ. Translate the following literary terms (English into Chinese and Chinese into English) （1′×10=10分）
1.抑扬格五音步
2. 英雄双韵体
3.反面人物
4.独白
5.十四行
6.blank verse
7.ballads
8.foreshadowing
9. stanza 10. Puritanism
III. Identify the author and title of the literary work (2′×5=10分)
1. William Shakespeare Sonnet 18
2. Francis Bacon Of Studies
3. John Milton Paradise Lost
4. Robert Burns A Red, Red Rose
5.William Wordsworth I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
IV. Define the following literary terms (Each term should include the time, the features and representative figures or significance) (5′×4=20分)
1.English Renaissance
It sprang first in Italy in the 14th century and gradually spread all over Europe. It made its appearance in England in the 16th and 17th centuries. It means the rebirth of Greek and Roman culture. Two features are striking of this movement. The one is a thirsting curiosity for the classical literature. Another one is the keen interest in the activities of humanity. Humanism is the key-note of Renaissance. Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English Reanaissance.
2. English Enlightenment
The 18th century marked the beginning of an intellectual movement in Europe, known as the Enlightenment, which was, on the whole, an expression of struggle of the bourgeoisie against
feudalism. The enlighteners fought against class inequality, stagnation, prejudices and other
survivals of feudalism. They attempt to place all branches of science at the service of mankind by connecting them with the actual needs and requirements of people. English enlighteners differed in
some way from those of France “cleared the minds of men for the coming revolution,” the English enlighteners set no revolutionary aims before them. They stove to bring it to an end by clearing away the feudal ideas with the bourgeois ideology. The representatives are Joseph Addison, Richard Steele (essayists), Daniel Defoe, Jonathan Swift (novelists), and Alexander Pope (poet).
3. Pre-Romanticism
In the latter half of the 18th century, a new literary movement arose in Europe, called the Romantic Revival. It was marked by a strong protest against the bondage of Classicism, by a recognition of the claims of passion and emotion, and by a renewed interest in medieval literature. In England, this
movement showed itself in the trend of Pre-Romanticism in poetry. William Blake and Robert Burns are the representatives.
4. Metaphysical Poetry
Metaphysical Poetry is commonly used to name the work of the 17th century writers who wrote under the influence of John Donne. With a rebellious spirit, the metaphysical poets try to break away from the conventional fashion of the Elizabethan love poetry. They are characterized by mysticism in content and fantasticality in form. John Donne is the leading figure of the “metaphysical school.”
V. Interpreting the following texts(20′×2=40分)
Text 1
1.Thomas Gray Elergy Written in a Country Churchyard(2分)
2. Examine the poetic form (rhyme, foot and meter should be involved) (3分)
ˇThe `cur/ˇfew `tolls/ ˇthe `knell/ ˇof `par/ˇting `day,/ a
The lowing herd wind slowly o’er the lea, b
The plowman homeward plods his weary way, a
And leaves the world to darkness and to me. b
It is written in iambic pentameter, rhymed abab
3. Explain the underlined words (4分)
Curfew: evening bell lea: meadow plods: walks with heavy steps lowly bed: grave
4.What is the tone in stanza 1? How does the poet achieve it? (3分)
Tone: gloomy and melancony through imagery, long vowels and diphthongs
5.Stanza 5 involoves rich imagery, please classify them and give examples. (6分)
Visual image: strw-built shed Auditory image: cock’s clarion, echoing horn
Tactile image: breezy call
6.Point out the rhetorical devices in the above poem (2分)
Transferred epithet and Euphemism
Text 2
15.Explain the underlined words. (5分)
Chartered: possessed as the private property marks; signs ban: Prohibition
Appals: shocks hapless: unfortunate
16.Identify the poetic form (3分)
It is written in iambic tetrameter, rhymed abab.
ˇI `wan/ˇder `through/ ˇeach `char/ˇtered `street,/
ˇNear `where/ˇthe `char/ˇtered `Thames/ ˇdoes `flow/
17.This poem is the mightiest brief poem, how does William Blake convey the mighty lines? (4分)
Parallelism and repetition every is repeated five times in stanza 2
18.Understand “chartered street and chartered Thames” and “Mind-forged manacles”? (4分)
chartered street and chartered Thames show the outlook of English bourgeoisie, their extreme greed
Mind-forged manacles mean that people under political white terror, they are bonded physically and mentally. They have no freedom in their mind.
19.Please analyze the images of “Chimney-sweeper” and “soldier’s sigh”. (4分)
Chimney-sweeper: to expose the hypocrisy of the church
Solider’s sigh: they are forced to fight for their country, but their blood runs along the palace wall.
The war is full of cruelty. So they give the sigh
大三_英国文学史(绝对标准中文版)
英国文学源远流长，经历了长期、复杂的发展演变过程。在这个过程中，文学本体以外的各种现实的、历史的、政治的、文化的力量对文学发生着影响，文学内部遵循自身规律，历经盎格鲁-撒克逊、文艺复兴、新古典主义、浪漫主义、现实主义、现代主义等不同历史阶段。下面对英国文学的发展过程作一概述。 一、中世纪文学（约5世纪-1485） 英国最初的文学同其他国家最初的文学一样，不是书面的，而是口头的。故事与传说口头流传，并在讲述中不断得到加工、扩展，最后才有写本。公元5世纪中叶，盎格鲁、撒克逊、朱特三个日耳曼部落开始从丹麦以及现在的荷兰一带地区迁入不列颠。盎格鲁-撒克逊时代给我们留下的古英语文学作品中，最重要的一部是《贝奥武甫》（Beowulf），它被认为是英国的民族史诗。《贝奥武甫》讲述主人公贝尔武甫斩妖除魔、与火龙搏斗的故事，具有神话传奇色彩。这部作品取材于日耳曼民间传说，随盎格鲁-撒克逊人入侵传入今天的英国，现在我们所看到的诗是8世纪初由英格兰诗人写定的，当时，不列颠正处于从中世纪异教社会向以基督教文化为主导的新型社会过渡的时期。因此，《贝奥武甫》也反映了7、8世纪不列颠的生活风貌，呈现出新旧生活方式的混合，兼有氏族时期的英雄主义和封建时期的理想，体现了非基督教日耳曼文化和基督教文化两种不同的传统。 公元1066年，居住在法国北部的诺曼底人在威廉公爵率领下越过英吉利海峡，征服英格兰。诺曼底人占领英格兰后，封建等级制度得以加强和完备，法国文化占据主导地位，法语成为宫廷和上层贵族社会的语言。这一时期风行一时的文学形式是浪漫传奇，流传最广的是关于亚瑟王和圆桌骑士的故事。《高文爵士和绿衣骑士》（Sir Gawain and the Green Knight，1375-1400）以亚瑟王和他的骑士为题材，歌颂勇敢、忠贞、美德，是中古英语传奇最精美的作品之一。传奇文学专门描写高贵的骑士所经历的冒险生活和浪漫爱情，是英国封建社会发展到成熟阶段一种社会理想的体现。 14世纪以后，英国资本主义工商业发展较快，市民阶级兴起，英语逐渐恢复了它的声誉，社会各阶层普遍使用英语，为优秀英语文学作品的产生提供了条件。杰弗利·乔叟（Geoffrey Chaucer， 1343-1400）的出现标志着以本土文学为主流的英国书面文学历史的开始。《坎特伯雷故事》（The Canterbury Tales）以一群香客从伦敦出发去坎特伯雷朝圣为线索，通过对香客的生动描绘和他们沿途讲述的故事，勾勒出一幅中世纪英国社会千姿百态生活风貌的图画。乔叟首创英雄诗行，即五步抑扬格双韵体，对英诗韵律作出了很大贡献，被誉为"英国诗歌之父".乔叟的文笔精练优美，流畅自然，他的创作实践将英语提升到一个较高的文学水平，推动了英语作为英国统一的民族语言的进程。 二、文艺复兴时期文学（15世纪后期-17世纪初） 相对于欧洲其他国家来说，英国的文艺复兴起始较晚，通常认为是在15世纪末。文艺复兴时期形成的思想体系被称为人文主义，它主张以人为本，反对中世纪以神为中心的世界观，提倡积极进取、享受现世欢乐的生活理想。托马斯·莫尔（Thomas More， 1478-1535）是英国最主要的早期人文主义者，他的《乌托邦》（Utopia）批评了当时的英国和欧洲社会，设计了一个社会平等、财产公有、人们和谐相处的理想国。Utopia现已成为空想主义的代名词，但乌托邦是作者对当时社会状况进行严肃思考的结果。《乌托邦》开创了英国哲理幻想小说传统的先河，这一传统从培根的《新大西岛》（The New Atlantis）、斯威夫特的《格列佛游记》（Gulliver's Travels）、勃特勒的《埃瑞璜》（Erewhon）一直延续到20世纪
英国文学史及选读__期末试题及答案
考试课程：英国文学史及选读考核类型：A 卷 考试方式：闭卷出卷教师: XXX 考试专业：英语考试班级：英语xx班 I.Multiple choice (30 points, 1 point for each) select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. 1._____，a typical example of old English poetry ,is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons. A.The Canterbury Tales B.The Ballad of Robin Hood C.The Song of Beowulf D.Sir Gawain and the Green Kinght 2._____is the most common foot in English poetry. A.The anapest B.The trochee C.The iamb D.The dactyl 3.The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, which one of the following is NOT such an event? A.The rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture. B.England’s domestic rest C.New discovery in geography and astrology D.The religious reformation and the economic expansion 4._____is the most successful religious allegory in the English language. A.The Pilgrims Progress B.Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners C.The Life and Death of Mr.Badman D.The Holy War 5.Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, its essence is _____. A.science B.philosophy C.arts D.humanism 6.“So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,/So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”(Shakespeare, Sonnets18)What does“this”refer to ? A.Lover. B.Time. C.Summer. D.Poetry. 7.“O prince, O chief of my throned powers, /That led th’ embattled seraphim to war/Under thy conduct, and in dreadful deeds/Fearless, endangered Heaven’s perpetual king”In the third line of the above passage quoted from Milton’s Paradise Los t, the phrase“thy conduct”refers to _____conduct. A.God’s B.Satan’s C.Adam’s D.Eve’s
英国文学史及选读 复习要点总结
《英国文学史及选读》第一册复习要点 1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors and understatements （此处可能会有填空，选择等小题） 2. Romance （名词解释） 3. “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”: a famous roman about King Arthur’s story 4. Ballad（名词解释） 5. Character of Robin Hood 6. Geoffrey Chaucer: founder of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 124 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic couplet) 7. Heroic couplet (名词解释)8. Renaissance（名词解释）9.Thomas More——Utopia 10. Sonnet（名词解释）11. Blank verse（名词解释）12. Edmund Spenser “The Faerie Queene” 13. Francis Bacon “essays” esp. “Of Studies”（推荐阅读，学习写正式语体的英文文章的好参照，本文用词正式优雅，多排比句和长句，语言造诣非常高，里面很多话都可以引用做格言警句，非常值得一读） 14. William Shakespeare四大悲剧比较重要，此外就是罗密欧与朱立叶了，这些剧的主题，背景，情节，人物形象都要熟悉，当然他最重要的是Hamlet这是肯定的。他的sonnet也很重要，最重要属sonnet18。（其戏剧中著名对白和几首有名的十四行诗可能会出选读） 15. John Milton 三大史诗非常重要，特别是Paradise Lost和Samson Agonistes。对于Paradise Lost需要知道它是blank verse写成的，故事情节来自Old Testament，另外要知道此书theme和Satan的形象。 16. John Bunyan——The Pilgrim’s Progress 17. Founder of the Metaphysical school——John Donne; features of the school: philosophical poems, complex rhythms and strange images. 18. Enlightenment（名词解释） 19. Neoclassicism（名词解释） 20. Richard Steele——“The Tatler” 21. Joseph Addison——“The Spectator”这个比上面那个要重要，注意这个报纸和我们今天的报纸不一样，它虚构了一系列的人物，以这些人物的口气来写报纸上刊登的散文，这一部分要仔细读。 22. Steel’s and Addison’s styles and their contributions 23. Alexander Pope: “Essay on Criticism”, “Essay on Man”, “The Rape of Lock”, “The Dunciad”; his workmanship (features) and limitations 24. Jonathan Swift: “Gulliver’s Travels”此书非常重要，要知道具体内容，就是Gulliver游历过的四个地方的英文名称，和每个部分具体的讽刺对象; （我们主要讲了三个地方）“A Modest Proposal”比较重要，要注意作者用的irony 也就是反讽手法。 25. The rise and growth of the realistic novel is the most prominent achievement of 18th century English literature. 26. Daniel Defoe: “Robinson Crusoe”, “Moll Flanders”, 当然是Robinson Crusoe比较重要，剧情要清楚，Robinson Crusoe的形象和故事中蕴涵的早期黑奴的原形，以及殖民主义的萌芽。另外注意Defoe的style和feature，另外Defoe是forerunner of English realistic novel。 27. Samuel Richardson——“Pamela” (first epistolary novel), “Clarissa Harlowe”, “Sir Charles Grandison” 28. Henry Fielding: “Joseph Andrews”, “Jonathan Wild”, “Tom Jones”第一个和第三个比较重要，需要仔细看。他是一个比较重要的作家，另外Fielding也被称为father of the English novel. 29. Laurence Sterne——“Tristram Shandy”项狄传 30. Richard Sheridan——“The School for Scandal” 31. Oliver Goldsmith——“The Traveller”(poem), “The Deserted V illage” (poem) (both two poems were written by heroic couplet), “The Vicar of Wakefield” (novel), “The Good-Natured Man” (comedy), “She stoops to Conquer” (comedy),
(完整)英国文学史知识点,推荐文档
一、The Anglo-Saxon period (449-1066) 1、这个时期的文学作品分类：pagan(异教徒) Christian(基督徒) 2、代表作：The Song of Beowulf 《贝奥武甫》( national epic 民族史诗) 采用了隐喻手法 3、Alliteration 押头韵（写作手法） 例子：of man was the mildest and most beloved, To his kin the kindest, keenest for praise. 二、The Anglo-Norman period (1066-1350) Canto 诗章 1、romance 传奇文学 2、代表作：Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (高文爵士和绿衣骑士) 是一首押头韵的长诗 三、Geoffrey Chaucer (1340-1400) 杰弗里.乔叟时期 1、the father of English poetry 英国诗歌之父 2、heroic couplet 英雄双韵体：a verse unit consisting of two rhymed(押韵) lines in iambic pentameter(五步抑扬格) 3、代表作：the Canterbury Tales 坎特伯雷的故事(英国文学史的开端) 大致内容：the pilgrims are people from various parts of England, representatives of various walks of life and social groups. 朝圣者都是来自英国的各地的人,代表着社会的各个不同阶层和社会团体 小说特点：each of the narrators tells his tale in a peculiar manner, thus revealing his own views and character. 这些叙述者以自己特色的方式讲述自己的故事，无形中表明了各自的观点，展示了各自的性格。 小说观点：he believes in the right of man to earthly happiness. He is anxious to see man freed from superstitions(迷信) and a blind belief in fate(盲目地相信命运). 他希望人们能从迷信和对命运的盲从中解脱出来。 4、Popular Ballads 大众民谣：a story hold in 4-line stanzas with second and fourth line rhymed(笔记) Ballads are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission(书上). 歌谣是匿名叙事歌曲,一直保存着口头传播的方式
2014-2015英国文学史及选读期末试题B
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(完整word版)吴伟仁--英国文学史及选读--名词解释
①Beowulf: The national heroic epic of the English people. It has over 3,000 lines. It describes the battles between the two monsters and Beowulf, who won the battle finally and dead for the fatal wound. The poem ends with the funeral of the hero. The most striking feature in its poetical form is the use if alliteration. Other features of it are the use of metaphors(暗喻) and of understatements(含蓄). ②Alliteration: In alliterative verse, certain accented(重音) words in a line begin with the same consonant sound(辅音). There are generally 4accents in a line, 3 of which show alliteration, as can be seen from the above quotation. ③Romance: The most prevailing(流行的) kind of literature in feudal England was the Romance. It was a long composition, sometimes in verse(诗篇), sometimes in prose(散文), describing the life and adventures of a noble hero, usually a knight, as riding forth to seek adventures, taking part in tournament(竞赛), or fighting for his lord in battle and the swearing of oaths. ④Epic: An epic is a lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events significantly to a culture or nation. The first epics are known as primacy, or original epics. ⑤Ballad: The most important department of English folk literature is the ballad which is a story told in song, usually in 4-line stanzas(诗节), with the second and fourth lines rhymed. The subjects of ballads are various in kind, as the struggle of young lovers against their feudal-minded families, the conflict between love and wealth, the cruelty of jealousy, the criticism of the civil war, and the matters and class struggle. The paramount(卓越的) important ballad is Robin Hood(《绿林好汉》). ⑥Geoffrey Chaucer杰弗里.乔叟: He was an English author, poet, philosopher and diplomat. He is the founder of English poetry. He obtained a good knowledge of Latin, French and Italian. His best remembered narrative is the Canterbury Tales(《坎特伯雷故事集》), which the Prologue(序言) supplies a miniature(缩影) of the English society of Chaucer’s time. That is why Chaucer has been called “the founder of English realism”. Chaucer affirms men and women’s right to pursue their happiness on earth and opposes(反对) the dogma of asceticism(禁欲主义) preached(鼓吹) by the church. As a forerunner of humanism, he praises man’s energy, intellect, quick wit and love of life. Chaucer’s contribution to English poetry lies chiefly in the fact that he introduced from France the rhymed stanza of various types, especially the rhymed couplet of 5 accents in iambic(抑扬格) meter(the “heroic couplet”) to English poetry, instead of the old Anglo-Saxon alliterative verse. ⑦【William Langland威廉.朗兰: Piers the Plowman《农夫皮尔斯》】
英国文学史分时期总结作家作品
英语文学史分时期总结作家作品
英国文学史及选读2017期末复习名词解释中英
名词解释 ENGLISH LITERATURE--DEFINITION OF TERMS 1 were passed down from generation to generation. 3) Robin Hood is a famous ballad singing the goods of Robin Hood. Coleridge’s The Rime of the Ancient Mariner is a 19th century English ballad. 2Critical Realism of the 19th century flourished in the forties and in the beginning of fifties.2)The realists first and foremost set themselves the task of criticizing capitalist society from a democratic viewpoint and delineated the crying contradictions of bourgeois reality. But they did not find a way to eradicate social evils.3) Charles Dickens is the most important critical realist. 3With the advent of the 18th century, in England, as in other European countries, there sprang into life a public movement known as the Enlightenment. The Enlightenment on the whole, was an expression of struggle of the then progressive class of bourgeois against feudalism. The social inequality, stagnation, prejudices and other survivals of feudalism. They attempted to place all branches of science at the service of mankind by connecting them with the actual deeds and requirements of the people. 启蒙主义：启蒙主义是在18世纪在英国发生的。总体上，启蒙主义是当时的资产阶级对封建主义，社会的不平等、死寂、偏见和其他的封建残余的一种反对。通过将科学的各个分支与人民的日常生活和需要联系起来，启蒙主义者们努力将他们变成为人民大众服务的工具 4-of-Consciousness” or “interior monologue”, is one of the modern literary techniques. It is the style of writing that attempts to imitate the natural flow of a character’s thoughts, feelings, reflections, memories, and mental images as the character experiences them. It was first used in 1922 by the Irish novelist James Joyce. Those novels broke through the bounds of time and space, and depicted vividly and skillfully the unconscious activity of the mind fast changing and flowing incessantly, particularly the hesitant, misted, distracted and illusory psychology people had when they faced reality. The modern American writer William Faulkner successfully advanced this technique. In his stories, action and plots were less important than the reactions and inner musings of the narrators. Time sequences were often dislocated. The reader feels himself to be a participant in the stories, rather than an observer. A high degree of emotion can be achieved by this technique.
英国文学史及作品选读
英国文学史及作品选读 （模拟试题二） Ⅰ. Multiple Choice（1′×20=20分） 1．______can be justly termed England’s national epic. A. The Canterbury Tales B. Sir Gawain and the Green Knight C. The Song of Beowulf D. The Romance of the Rose 2. Among of the following dramas, which is one of Shakespeare’s four tragedies? A.Macbeth B.As You Like it C. Twelfth Night D. The Merchant of Venice 3. _______ is called as “ father of English novels” A. William Shakespeare B. Christopher Marlowe C. Daniel Defoe D.John Donne 4. It was ____who made blank verse the principal vehicle of expression in drama. A. Thomas Wyatt B. William Shakespeare C. Edmund Spenser D. Christopher Marlowe 5. Absoulute monarchy in England reached its summit during the reign of ____, especially Britain’s sea power was established. A.James I B. Henry VIII C. Queen Elizabeth D. Charles I 6. Hamlet, the most popular of Shakespeare's plays for readers and theater audiences, tells about the story of Hamlet, Prince of _______, and son of the dead king, who seeks revenge for his father’s death. A. England B. Norway C. Scotland D. Denmark 7. Which comment on John Donne is wrong? A. He is the leading figure of metaphysical poetry. B. His poetry is characterized by mysticism and peculiar conceit. C. John Donne’s poetry is characterized regularity among irregularity D. He never shows positive attitude towards love. 8. Robinson Crosue can be termed as____. A. a self-dependent person B. a person with colonial mind C. an adventuous person D. all of the above 9. Robert Burns is the representative of _____. A. Sentimentalism B. Pre-Romanticism C. Romanticism D. English Renaissance 10. William Blake’s ____ paint a world of misery, poverty, disease, war and repression with a melancholy tone. A.Poetical Sketches B. The Book of Thel C. Songs of Experience D. Songs of Innocence 11. The notorious “Peterloo Massacre” happened in _____. A. English Romantic period B. English Renaissance C. period of Restoration D. Neo-classical period 12. Lyrical Ballads are made by ____. A. Wordsworth and Shelley B. Wordsworth and Southey C. Wordsworth and Coleridge D. Shelley and Byron 13. According to____, poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings which originates in emotion and recollected in tranquillity.
吴伟仁的英国文学史及选读
History and Anthology of English Literature Part One The Anglo-Saxon Period Beowulf Questions: 1.The earliest literature falls into two divisions ___________, and_______________. 2.Christianity brings England not only __________ and___________but also the wealth of a new language. 3.Who is Beowulf? And What is Beowulf? 4.How did Beowulf come into being? 5.Who is Grendel? And what is the result of Grendel?s fight with Beowulf? 6.How did the Jutes hold the funeral for him? Key points of this part: The most important work of old English literature is Beowulf------- the national epic of the English people. It is of Germanic heritage, perhaps the greatest Germanic epic and contains evidently pre-Christian elements existing at first in an oral tradition, the poem was passed from mouth to mouth for generations before it was written down. The manuscript preserved today was written in the Wessex tongue about 1000A.D., consisting altogether of 3183 lines. There are three episodes related to the career of Beowulf: 1.the fight with the monster, Grendel. 2.The fight with Grendel?s mother, a still more frightful she-monster. 3.The moral combat with the fire Dragon. The significance lies in the vivid portrayal of a great national hero, who is brave, courageous, selfless, and ever helpful to his people. There are three important features:: 1.Alliteration (words beginning with the same consonant sound). This is characteristic of all old English verse. 2.Metaphors and understatements. There are many compound words used in the poem to serve as indirect metaphors that are sometimes very picturesque. , e.g. “riging-giver”is used for King; “hearth-companions “for his attendant warriors; “Whale?s road” for the sea; “spear-fighter” for soldier etc. And as understatement we can see: “not troublesome”for welcome; “need not praise”for a right to condemn. This quality is often regarded as characteristic of the English people and their language. 3.Mixture of pagan and Christian elements: the observing of omen, cremation, blood-revenge, and the praise of worldly glory.