高中英语必修三知识点外研版

必修三Module 1

⒈be located/ situated ( on/ in / to…) = lie/ stand (on/ in/ to)

位于…的；坐落于…的；处于…地位（状态的）

⑴我们学校坐落于一个美丽的地方，周围有青山绿水环绕。

Our school is situated in the beautiful place, with green mountains and clear rivers around.

◆ situation n. 立场；局势；形势

in a …situation 处于….状况中；在…形势下

1). In the present situation, I wouldn’t advise you to sell your house. 在目前的形势下，…

2). You’re putting me in a very embarrassing situation. 你使我处于非常尴尬的境地。

3). With no rain for three months and food supplies running out, the situation here is getting worse.

三个月无雨，食品供应也将消耗殆尽，这里情况越来越糟糕了。

⒉face

1). face up to 勇敢面对（接受并处理）

(be) faced with 面对；面临

face (to the) south/north/east/west 面朝南/北/东/西

2). face to face 面对面(地)

in (the) face of 面对；在…面前

make a face at 向…做鬼脸

save/lose face 保全/丢面子to one’s face 当着某人的面

stare sb. in the face 盯着某人

turn red in the face 涨红了脸

be+过去分词+介词（这些词作状语或定语时用ed形式,be 去掉）

be faced with；be compared with

be seated；be hidden；

be lost / absorbed/occupied in

be abandoned/ addicted to（沉溺于）；

be born；be dressed ；be tired of （厌烦）等

⒊表示“某物在哪个方向”可用south/north/east/west等，构成以下几种表达方式。

(1). …is in the south of 在…的南部（在部）

…is on the south of 在…的南边（接壤）

…is to the south of 在…以南（在外部）

…is south of 在…的南部（不指明在部还是外部）

(2). 把表示方位、地点的介词或副词短语放在句首，句子用完全倒装语序。

①.Jiangsu is on the south of Shandong.

South of Shandong is Jiangsu.

②.East of our school lies a railway.

⒋倍数表示法：

as…as

◎A is …↓… (more than) times -er than B

倍数the N. of

size, length, height, weight…

⒌主谓一致

⑴三原则：

①语法一致的原则：

语法一致的原则是指主语为单、复数与谓语动词要相呼应。但要注意一些特殊情况；1）以along with, together with, with, as well as, accompanied by, rather than, but, except 连接的两个主语，其谓语的单复数以第一个主语为主。例如：

Several passengers, together with the driver, were hurt.

2）表示时间，重量，长度，价格等的复数名词，作主语从整体来看时，谓语动词用单数。例如：Fifty years is not a long time.

3）非谓语动词，从句或其他短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。

例如：Early to bed and early to rise is healthful.

4）如果主语是由and连接的两个单数名词，但前面有each, every, no 等词修饰时，谓语用单数。例如：Every boy and girl in this region is taught to read and write.

②意义一致的原则：

意义一致的原则指谓语动词的单复数取决于主语所表达的概念，而不取决于表面的语法标志，主要表现为某些集体名词后可跟动词单数或复数。如果这些集体名词指整体概念时，谓语动词用单数；指具体成员时用复数。例如：The population of the earth is increasing very fast.

类似这样的集体名词有：family, class, audience, committee （委员会）, crowd, crew, group, party, population, team, public, council （理事会）, village等。

③就近原则：

所谓就近原则是指谓语动词单复数取决于离它最近的词语，而无须考虑其他的词。

1）以either…or, or, neither…nor和not only…but also连接的两个主语，其谓语的单复数形式应与离谓语最近的主语保持一致。例如：Either you or he has to go there with me. 2）由there或here引起的主语，而又不止是一个时，采取就近原则。例如：

Here is a pen, a few envelopes and some paper for you.

必修三Module2

1. till ：直到

up to sth be fit for ：胜任

be busy in doing sth ：忙着做…

be up to sb=be left to sb to decide ：由…决定/ 负责

1）I can take up to four people in my car. 我的汽车最多能做四个人

2）I have never heard from her up to now. 我至今也没有她的音讯。

3）What’s he up to ? 他在忙什么？

4) It’s up to you to decide where we go for a picnic.

由你决定我们应去哪儿野餐。

5）平不能胜任他的工作。Li Ping is not up to his job.

6)这个帐篷至多能睡十人。Up to ten people can sleep in this tent.

2. measure

measure sth in/by sth用···来衡量，用···来计算

take measures to do采取措施做某事

1）People in Los Angels measure distance in time, not miles.翻译

洛杉矶人用时间来计算（两地）距离而不是用英里数。

2）The Chinese government is taking effective measuresto develop the economy.

中国政府正在采取强有力的措施来发展经济。

3. sure

1) make sure表示“务必”，“确信”，“弄明白”，后面常接of/about sth.或that引导的宾语从句。

Make sure(that) you will arrive there on time. 你务必准时到这。

I know there’s a train this afternoon, but I must make sure of the time.

我知道今天下午有列火车，但我必须弄清楚(发车)时间。

2）be sure of, be sure that 对···有把握，对···确定，确信

Can we be sure of his honesty. /Can we be sure that he is honest? 我们能相信他是诚实的？

I’m sure of winning the game. 我有把握能赢得比赛。

3) be sure to do 说话人推测主语“一定；必然会”或(常用于祈使句)务必做某事

He is sure to be back soon. 他一定会很快回来。

Be sure not to forget it. 千万别忘了。

注意：be sure of 与be sure to do的区别：

①.He is sure of his success. =He is sure that he will succeed. 他确信他会成功。

②.He is sure to succeed. 他一定会成功。(说话人的看法)

③.Be sure to write and tell me all your news. 务必来信把你所有情况都告诉我。

另外，常见的与sure相关的短语还有：be sure of oneself 有自信心，for sure的确；确实地，sure enough果真，果然。用于口语，此时的“Sure.”相当于“Of course.” 与“Certainly.”。

4. From the agreement came the Human Development Report.

表示方位或方式的副词和介词短语放在句首用完全倒装, 即谓语动词完全置于主语之前。At the foot of the mountain lies a small village. 在山脚下有一个小村庄。

Out rushed the children. 孩子们冲了出去。Here comes the bus. 车来了。(T o the) south of our school stand many shops.

【部分倒装】

①only修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，放于句首

②否定副词never, nor, not, hardly, little, seldom等放于句首

③ so+adj/adv+(倒装)+ that

1. Only when he returned did we find out the truth (We found out the truth only when he returned.)

2. Never before have I seen such a moving film.(I have never seen such a moving film before)

3. So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood.(He speaks English so clearly that~)

5. figure n./v.

1).He had always looked upon Sarah as a kind of mother figure. 形象

2).How does she manage to keep her figure when she eats so much? 体形

3).He was the outstanding political figure of his time. 人物v.

4).I figured that he was drunk and shouldn’t be allowed to drive. 认为

5).It took me hours to figure those problems out. 分析；想出

6).Women. I just can’t figure them out. 理解

7).Many economists have been figuring out what makes China develop so fast. 分析

8).指望figure on

6．S.+ be + adj. + to do

easy/ good/ safe/comfortable/ dangerous/hard/ difficult…

1).The water is not pure to drink (drink)

2).He needs a chair comfortable to sit on.(sit )

3).The young man felt the room cold to live in (live)

必修三Module 3

1.occur 过去式occurred 过去分词occurred

1)发生，出现

Earthquakes occur frequently in this area.

2) sth occur to sb某人想到，某事浮现脑海

It never occurred to me that he might be in trouble.

A brilliant idea occurred to me.

【回忆“发生”】

①.A big earthquake occurred /happened in the south of China last month.

②.It occurred to me that she didn’t know I had moved into the new house.

③.I happened to see him on my way home. = It happened that I saw him on my way home.

④. A fire broke out in the hospital in the mid-night.

⑤. After the flood, diseases broke out here and there.

⑥.Great changes have taken place in our hometown during the past ten years.

⑦.How did it come about that such a short journey took such a long time.

The clock struck five. 敲打

A powerful earthquake struck the island early this morning. 袭击

I was struck by its beauty. 被…打动

At this point, it suddenly struck me that I was wasting my time. 浮现; 使人想起

【注意区分】strike, hit, beat, knock

strike “(钟)敲打，撞击，袭击”，表示有力的打一下。

beat 连续地打，心脏的跳动，在游戏、竞赛或战争中击败对方，也可表示殴打，体罚。hit 瞄准某物而击中。也可表示“袭击”

knock 用拳头或硬的东西“敲、击、打

必修二Module 4

⒈strength n.

【辨析】：strength, force, energy, power

①Union is strength. ②Knowledge is power.

③.I shall do everything in my power to help you. (注：尽力帮助do everything in one’s power to do…)

④.The law remains in force. （法律仍旧有效。）

⑤.Young people usually have more energy than the old.