(英语)高三英语阅读理解技巧(很有用)及练习题

（英语）高三英语阅读理解技巧(很有用)及练习题

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

American college students are becoming more adventuresome as they study abroad, showing less interests in English-speaking destinations such as Great Britain and Australia and more in such countries as China, India, Argentina and Brazil.

Britain remained the most popular study destination in 2005, according to annual figures from the Institute of International Education, followed by Italy, Spain and France. But the number of American students studying in Britain and Australia descended a little, even as the number of American students abroad rose by 8%. The growth came in non-English speaking European countries and in Asia. China is now the eighth most popular destination for American students, attracting nearly 6,400 in 2005, up 35% from the number of the year before. Argentina and India saw increases of more than 50%.

Allan Goodman, president of the Institute of International Education, said that a range of factors contributed to the trend, from growing awareness of globalization after the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, to programs such as former President Bush's National Security Language Initiative, which trains soldiers, intelligence officers and diplomats in foreign languages. “What Americans are doing is waking up and discovering there's a world out there,” he said.

Other figures showed the flow of students in the opposite direction, from foreign countries into American universities. The institute found that international enrollment (入学) in American higher education remained steady at about 565,000. The figures are of keen interest to universities, which depend on foreign students for teaching and research help, and to policy-makers, who consider it important, as future foreign leaders may be familiar with the United States. The year of 2005 saw big increases in students from South Korea, Mexico and Taiwan of China. India sends the most students and China is No.2. Other countries that show large percentage increases in the number of students sent to the US include Nepal and Vietnam, while Japan, Turkey and Malaysia saw declines. About 58% of international students in the US come from Asia.

（1）What does the underlined word “descended” in Paragraph 2 means?

A. Changed.

B. Declined.

C. Multiplied.

D. Increased.

（2）Why do more American students study in Asia?

A. They expect to get more teaching and research help.

B. They lose confidence in English-speaking countries.

C. They are afraid that terrorist attacks will happen again.

D. They prefer to explore a different world from their own.

（3）Where were most foreign students in America from in 2005?

A. China.

B. India.

C. Argentina.

D. Britain.

（4）What can we infer from the passage?

A. There were 6,400 American students studying in China in 2005.

B. Chinese students to America will overpass Indians in the future.

C. International enrollment in American higher education changed a lot.

D. Asian students

account for a large part of foreign students in America.

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了不同国家的人国外留学的情况。

（1）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“But the number of American students studying in Britain and Australia descended a little, even as the number of American students abroad rose by 8%.”这句话的后半句的意思是“尽管美国学生在国外的人数增长了8%”，由此推知“但是在英国和澳大利亚学习的美国学生人数下降了一点，”故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“What Americans are doing is waking up and discovering there's a world out there,”可知，现在越来越多的美国学生来到亚洲是因为他们更喜欢从自己的世界去探索不同的世界。故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“The y ear of 2005 saw big increases in students from South Korea, Mexico and Taiwan of China. India sends the most students and China is No.2.”可知，在2005年美国多数的外国学生都来自印度。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“About 58% of international students in the US come from Asia.”可知，在美国，亚洲学生占外国学生的很大一部分。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

One of my first memories as a child in the 1950s was a discussion I had with my brother in our tiny bedroom in the family house in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania.

We had heard in school about a planet called Pluto. It was the farthest, coldest, and darkest thing a child could imagine. We guessed how long it would take to die if we stood on the surface of such a frozen place wearing only the clothes we had on. We tried to figure out how much colder Pluto was than Antarctica, or than the coldest day we had ever experienced in Pennsylvania.

Pluto, which famously was downgraded from a “major planet” to a “dwarf planet”（矮星） in 2006, captured our imagination because it was a mystery that could complete our picture of what it was like at the most remote corners of our solar system.

Pluto's underdog discovery story is part of what makes it so attractive. Clyde Tombaugh was a Kansas farm boy who built telescopes out of spare auto parts, old farm equipment and self-ground lenses. As an assistant at Lowell Observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona, Tombaugh's task was to search millions of stars for a moving point of light, a planet that the observatory's founder thought existed beyond the orbit of Neptune. On February 18，1930，Tombaugh found it. Pluto was the first planet discovered by an American, and represented a moment of light in the midst of the Great Depression's dark encroachment (入侵).

Pluto is much more than something that is not a planet. It's a reminder that there are many worlds out there beyond our own and that the sky isn't the limit at all. We don't know what kinds of fantastic variations on a theme nature is capable of making until we get there to look.

（1）Why did Pluto become famous in 2006 according to the passage?

A. Because it lost its major planet status.

B. Because it disappeared in the sky.

C. Because it was discovered by an American.

D. Because it was proved to be the coldest planet in the universe.

（2）What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. An American Scientist: Clyde Tombaugh

B. Pluto was First Discovered by a Boy

C. Pluto's Strange Romance

D. The Days I Spent with My Brother in Pennsylvania

（3）What can we learn from the fourth paragraph?

A. Clyde Tombaugh discovered the darkness in the Great Depression.

B. Pluto was the only planet that was discovered by Clyde Tombaugh.

C. Clyde Tombaugh's job was to build telescopes for Lowell Observatory.

D. Clyde Tombaugh's telescopes used for searching stars were very simple.

（4）What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph most probably mean?

A. Pluto is no less than a planet in the solar system.

B. Pluto is much more than a planet in the solar system.

C. Pluto is more important than any other planet in the sky.

D. Pluto is not a planet in the solar system, but it is more than a planet.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）D

（4）D

【解析】【分析】文章讲述了小时候作者对冥王星的认识，以及冥王星被发现和被从太阳系去除的经过，更表现了冥王星的神秘和魅力，这使作者认识到宇宙是无穷的，也是不断变化的，需要我们不停去探索。

( 1 )推理判断题。根据第三段Pluto, which famously was downgraded from a “major planet” to a “dwarf planet”（矮星）in 2006, captured our imagination because it was a mystery that could complete our picture of what it was like at the most remote corners of our solar system可知，在2006年冥王星被从太阳系大行星中被去除，失去了其大行星地位，故选A。

( 2 )主旨大意题。文章主要讲述的是冥王星的被发现和被从太阳系去除的经过，更表现了

它的神秘和魅力。C项“冥王星的奇怪浪漫史”概括全文，故选C。

( 3 )推理判断题。根据第四段Clyde Tombaugh was a Kansas farm boy who built telescopes out of spare auto parts, old farm equipment and self-ground lenses.和On February 18，1930，Tombaugh found it. Pluto was the first planet discovered by an American, and represented a moment of light in the midst of the Great Depression's dark encroachment (入侵).可知，是Clyde Tombaugh用他简陋的仪器发现了冥王星，成了第一个发现行星的美国人，并且给黑暗的大萧条时期带来了一线光明。故选D。

( 4 )猜测句意题。此句指冥王星的发现并不仅仅是一颗行星，它还让我们知道了宇宙无限大，天空根本不是极限，它们是不断变化的需要我们去探索。故选D。

【点评】考查科普类短文阅读。

3．阅读理解

When was the last time you told someone they inspire you to go to work each morning?

Teachers at Oak Park High School in Kansas City, Missouri, did just that this September, when they pulled individual students out of class to tell them just how much they appreciated them.

The students' reactions, which were captured (捕捉) on video and shared on YouTube in a now-viral video, ranged from shy thanks to hugs and tears.

“I have been challenged to find a student who makes me want to come to school every day,” says one teacher in the video, “and that's you.”

Jamie McSparin, a teacher in charge of the school's academy program for at-risk sophomores （二年级学生）and juniors, posed the challenge, writes ABC News.

“Initially when we pulled the kids out, they all thought they were in trouble,” McSparin told ABC News. “Any teacher-student interaction always seems to be negative (消极的), and that was something that bothered me, too. No matter if they're a good kid or a trouble maker or anything, they always thought they were in trouble,” she says.

McSparin says she got the idea for the project after attending a professional development workshop this summer called the power of positivity.

“I like the idea of letting students know they are appreciated, because we do appreciate them, I just don't think we say it enough,” she told local news outlet WDAF-TV.

It's safe to say the challenge was effective.

“I feel special,” said one of the boys in the video. “You should,” said his teacher. “You are special.”

（1）What does the underlined word “posed” in Paragraph 5 mean?

A. Presented.

B. Rejected.

C. Ignored.

D. Evaluated.

（2）How did the students probably feel when pulled out of the classroom at first?

A. Nervous.

B. Thrilled.

C. Curious.

D. Encouraged.（3）What inspired McSparin to challenge the project?

A. The trouble caused by students.

B. The need of shooting the video.

C. A seminar named the power of positivity.

D. A program related to students' interactions.（4）What message does this text mainly convey?

A. Challenge is unavoidable in life.

B. Everyone needs to be appreciated.

C. Positivity outweighs negativity.

D. News media contribute to students' progress.【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本篇是教育类说明文。主要讲述了在橡树公园高中，老师让同学走出教室，告诉学生老师都很欣赏他们。结果同学们感到他们每个人都很特别。

（1）考查词义猜测题。根据Jamie McSparin, a teacher in charge of the school's academy program for at-risk sophomores （二年级学生）and juniors, posed the challenge, writes ABC News.可以猜测出，posed为“出席，参加”之意。故答案选A。

（2）考查推理判断题。根据文章第六段Initially when we pulled the kids out, they all thought they were in trouble当第一次走出教室时，孩子们都认为他们有麻烦了。从而可以推断出，学生们都感到紧张。故答案选A。

（3）考查细节理解题。根据文章倒数第四段McSparin says she got the idea for the project after attending a professional development workshop this summer called the power of positivity.可知，McSparin是参加专业发展研讨会之后有了启发。故答案选C。

（4）考查推理判断题。根据文章倒数第三段I like the idea of letting students know they are appreciated, because we do appreciate them, I just don't think we say it enough及最后两段内容可以推断，每个人都需要被欣赏。故答案选B。

【点评】推理判断题不仅要求考生读懂文章中的每个句子的意思还要推理它们之间的关系，结合自己的生活常识和经验，再通过逻辑推理和判断，理解文章的言外之意，从而揭示文章的深层涵义。任何一篇文章都有其特定的写作目的，读者应当知道如何去做或按照某种方式传递思考问题。推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，因此推理时我们务必要忠于原文，在文章中寻找并确定可推论的依据，即：已知部分－推论的前提，从中推测出未知部分－推理的结论，切忌妄加评论，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。

4．阅读理解

Home from the Navy, I started school at Greenville College in my hometown of Illinois. I'd been out of high school for four years, but my high school headmaster, Mr. Gardner, invited me to a Valentine's Day dance party at school. The thought of seeing my former teachers was exciting. So I agreed.

When Friday came, I cleaned up, dressed up and drove to the high school gym. I chatted with my teachers and approached Mr. Gardner to thank him before leaving. Just then, the band started playing and a young girl stood up to sing. One look at and I was crazy—I had never seen such a beautiful girl!

I asked Mr. Gardner who she was, and he answered, “That's Marilyn Riley, Cut Riley's daughter.” I was shocked to say the least. They lived just around the corner from me. I walked across the gym floor to introduce myself, “Hi, I'm Jack Joseph.”

“I know who you are,” was her not-too-friendly response.

“Would you like to dance?” I asked. “No! I'm working,” she shot back.

“Can I call you next week for a movie date?” I asked. “No,” was her response.

For the next month I phoned, trying to set up a date. She always had the same answer: No. then one rainy afternoon in March as I was driving home after basketball practice, I saw Marilyn, walking with no umbrella, no raincoat, no hat. I pulled alongside her and asked if she needed a ride, half expecting her to say no. instead, she stepped over the roadside and sat down on the seat next to me. It was only a few blocks to her house, but after pulling into her driveway we talked for 45minutes. It was magic from then on.

（1）Why did Jack decide to attend the party?

A. The party was hold to welcome him back home.

B. Marilyn would be introduced to him at the party.

C. He could meet some of his former teachers there.

D. They gathered there to celebrate Valentine's Day.

（2）What was the author's attitude towards the party?

A. Casual

B. Formal

C. Passive

D. worried

（3）We can infer from the text that __________.

A. Jack once served in the army after high school

B. it took Jack 45 minutes to drive Marilyn home

C. Jack and Marilyn were familiar with each other

D. it was Marilyn's cold attitude that interested Jack

（4）How would the story most probably develop in the end?

A. Marilyn would fall in love with Jack

B. Jack would make great achievements in college

C. Marilyn would become a famous singer

D. Jack would have frequent conflicts with Marilyn 【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）A

（4）A

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者在海军退役后参加情人聚会，在聚会上他见到了一个漂亮的女孩，于是开始追求那个女孩，但是被女孩拒绝了，有一天下大雨，作者送那个女孩回家，在路上他们聊了45分钟，作者认为那次送女孩回家是魔法的开始。

（1）考查细节理解。根据“The thought of seeing my former teachers was exciting. So I agreed.”想到能看到我以前的老师很令人兴奋。所以我同意了。故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据“When Friday came, I cleaned up, dressed up and drove to the high school gym. ”星期五来的时候，我打扫干净，穿上衣服。因为作者在出发前认真地整理仪表，说明他把这一切当得很认真，故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据“Home from the Navy, I started school at Greenville College in my hometown of Illinois. ”我从海军回到家乡，在我的家乡伊利诺伊州的格林维尔学院上学。推断出我之前当过海军，故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。，根据“It was magic from then on.”他认为这是魔法的开始，两个人可能坠入爱情河，故选A。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生准确掌握细节信息，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

5．阅读理解

Everest

121min Adventure/Biography/Drama

Storyline: A group of climbers start their final climb to the summit of Mount Everest，the highest point on Earth. With little warning，a violent storm strikes the mountain，swallowing the adventurers...

Director: Baltasar Kormakur

Stars:Jason Clarke, Ang Phula Sherpa, Thomas M.Wright

Add to watchlist

War Room

120min Drama

Storyline: Tony and Elizabeth Jordan, seemingly have it all--great jobs, a beautiful daughter, their dream home. In reality, their marriage has been a war zone. With guidance from Miss Clara, an older, wiser woman, Elizabeth discovers she can start fighting for her family instead of against them.

Director: Alex Kendrick

Stars: Priscilla C. Shirer, T.C. Stalligs, Karen Abercrombie

Add to watchlist

Straight Outta Compton

147min Biography/Drama/Music

Storyline: In 1987, five young men, using honest rhymes, put their frustration and anger about life into the most powerful weapon they had: their music. Straight Outta Compton tells the true story of how these cultural rebels（叛逆者）stood up to the authorities that meant to keep them down and formed the world's most dangerous group N.W.A.

Director: F. Gary Gray

Stars: O'Shea Jackson Jr., Corey Hawkins, Jason Mitchell

Add to watchlist

A Walk In The Woods

104min Adventure/Biography/Comedy

Storyline: After spending two decades in England, Bill Bryson returns to the US, where he decides the best way to connect with his homeland is to hike the Appalachian Trail. He travels with Katz, one of his oldest friends. The trouble is that the two have a completely different definition of the word, “adventure”. The real fun begins...

Director: Ken Kwapis

Stars: Robort Redford, Nick Nolte, Emma Thompson

Add to watchlist

（1）If you prefer family-themed movies, which one should see?

A. Everest

B. War Room

C. Straight Outta Compton

D. A Walk In The Woods

（2）What is N.W.A according to the passage?

A. A movie club

B. A music group

C. An adventure team

D. A charity organization

（3）Why does Bill Bryson hike the Appalachain Trail?

A. To accompany his friend Katz

B. To exercise and keep himself fit

C. To strengthen his bond with the US

D. To have an adventure in the woods

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，推荐了四部电影。

（1）考查推理判断。根据War Room部分中的“120min Drama Storyline: Tony and Elizabeth Jordan, seemingly have it all--great jobs, a beautiful daughter, their dream home. In reality, their marriage has been a war zone.”可知，如果你更喜欢以家庭为主题的电影，你应该看War Room，故选B。

（2）考查推理判断。根据Straight Outta Compton部分中的“147min Biography/Drama/Music Storyline: In 1987,five young men, using honest rhymes, put their frustration and anger about life into the most powerful weapon they had: their music. ---formed the world's most dangerous group N.W.A.”可知，N.W.A. 是一个音乐团队。故选B。

（3）考查推理判断。根据 A Walk In The Woods部分中的“Storyline: After spending two decades in England, Bill Bryson returns to the US, where he decides the best way to connect with his homeland is to hike the Appalachian Trail.”可知，Bill Bryson会徒步穿越the Appalachain Trail是为了加强他与美国的关系。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

6．阅读理解

A 12-year-old with end stage cancer, the child's parents had recently moved her from the hospital to her home in the suburbs of Los Angeles. Some days later the girl's breath quickened, and her father phoned the family's hospice nurse. Please come, he said.

The nurse knew the visit would require more than four hours of her time: a two-hour drive in each direction, plus her time with the girl. Why don't we connect over FaceTime, she asked. The father agreed, and they connected.

The nurse asked the father to move his daughter gently to her side, then to her back, to lift the child's shirt. The nurse would ask: What do you see, what concerns you, and the father would explain. In this fashion the pair examined the girl --- the nurse on her computer, the father his iPad. Together they decided that the nurse's presence was not necessary, that the child had more time.

Later, the father reported feeling comforted by the nurse. He appreciated her availability, the fact that she could see what he saw, and their ability to discuss it in real time.

Telemedicine has become a trend in America. Some hospitals have gone so far as to specially design telemedicine clinics. The room is staged like an office but with better lighting. There's a

nice desk for the clinician to sit behind, a computer situated stage left, and books in the background. A physician taking a video call from home might wear a pair of headphones, equipped with a mic --- to ensure whatever the patient says isn't broadcast to anyone off-camera. However, there is something more than the technology bit. According to David, the head of the telemedicine pilot the girl's family had been part of, there are some people who are great in person and you put them on camera they're a dead fish. “Some physicians are camera shy. For others, th e physical isolation can actually help them be more empathetic.” He adds.

“My experience is that, once you get past some initial hurdles, you can maintain an intimate, immediate connection with patients that in some cases may be more useful than even in-person interactions,” David says.

（1）Why did the nurse suggesting connecting via FaceTime?

A. Because she was not allowed to leave her clinic.

B. Because she had to take care of other patients in the clinic.

C. Because it took too much time on her way to patient's home.

D. Because the father didn't pay for her fare of transportation.

（2）How did the father think of the telemedicine service?

A. He doubted the quality of the service.

B. He thought highly of the service.

C. He insisted the service be improved.

D. He challenged the authority of the nurse.

（3）What do we know about the rooms for telemedicine?

A. Better air conditioners are provided for a comfortable environment.

B. Mics are equipped to protect privacy of patients.

C. Professional books are in place for immediate consultation.

D. The room with a computer is situated in the doctor's home.

（4）What challenges may clinicians face in telemedicine?

A. They are afraid of being isolated from patients.

B. They could not examine the patients carefully.

C. They are required to deal with in-person interactions.

D. They may not feel quite themselves in front of a camera.

【答案】（1）C

（2）B

（3）B

（4）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了远程医疗已经成为美国的一种趋势．有些医院甚至专门设计了远程医疗诊所。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“The nurse knew the visit would require more than four hours of her time: a two-hour drive in each direction, plus her time with the girl. Why don't we connect over FaceTime, she asked.”可知，护士建议通过视频通话是因为需要太多的时间她才能到达病人的家。故选C。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“He appreciated her availability, the fact that she could see what he saw, and their ability to discuss it in real time.”可知，这位父亲感激这位护士的帮助，感激护士可以看到他看见的并和他进行实时讨论，因此推断这位父亲高度赞扬这样的

服务。故选B。

（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“equipped with a mic --- to ensure whatever the patient says isn't broadcast to anyone off-camera.”可知，远程治疗室配备了麦克风确保病人的隐私。故选B。

（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“…there are some people who are great in person and you put them on camera they're a dead fish. “Some physicians are camera shy. For others, the physical isolation can actually help them be more empathetic.” He adds.可知，一些内科医生在镜头面前是害羞的。因此推断在远程诊疗时，医生在镜头面前会感到不舒服。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇医学类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

7．阅读理解

We want our children to succeed, in school and, perhaps even more importantly, in life. But the paradox(悖论) is that our children can only truly succeed if they first learn how to fail. Consider the finding that world-class figure skaters fall over more often in practice than low-level figure skaters. At first sight this seems contradictory. Why are the really good skaters falling over the most?

The reason is actually quite simple. Top skaters are constantly challenging themselves in practice, attempting jumps that stretch their limitations. This is why they fall over so often, but it is precisely why they learn so fast. Lower-level skaters have a quite different approach. They are always attempting jumps they can already do very easily, remaining within their comfort zone. This is why they don't fall over. In a superficial sense, they look successful, because they are always on their feet. The truth, however, is that by never failing, they never progress.

What is true of skating is also true of life. James Dyson worked through 5,126 failed prototypes(原型) for his dual cyclone vacuum before coining up with the design that made his fortune. These failures were essential to the pathway of learning. As Dyson put it: “You can't develop new technology unless you test new ideas and learn when things go wrong. Failure is essential to invention.”

In healthcare, however, things are very different. Clinicians don't like to admit to failure, partly because they have healthy egos(自我)(particularly the senior doctors) and partly because they fear litigation(诉讼). The consequence is that instead of learning from failure, healthcare often covers up failure. The direct consequence is that the same mistakes are repeated. According to the Journal of Patient Safety, 400,000 people die every year in American hospitals alone due to preventable error. Until healthcare learns to respond positively to failure, things will not improve. But let us return to children. One of the major mistakes in education in the 1970s was the attempt to equip children with confidence by giving them lots of successes （setting the bar very low）. The consequence was that the ego of kids became bound up with success, and they became unable to take risks and collapsed as soon as they hit a proper challenge.

We need to flip(翻转) this approach. In a complex world, failure is inevitable. It is those

individuals and institutions that have the flexibility to face up to failure, learn the lessons and adapt which eventually excel(突出).

（1）The question raised in the first paragraph is to ________.

A. open up a discussion on the topic

B. analyze the reason for success

C. express the author's opposition

D. doubt the abilities of the top skaters

（2）Which of the following is the structure of the passage?

A. B. C. D.

（3）What would be the best title for the passage?

A. How we can avoid failure in life

B. What we should learn from failure

C. Why failure is the key to flying high

D. Where we further improve ourselves

【答案】（1）A

（2）A

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论证了“失败是孩子成功的必须条件”这一观点。(1)考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“But the paradox（悖论）is that our children can only truly succeed if they first learn ho w to fail.”可知，文章的中心论点是如果孩子想要真正成功，首先就要学会失败。后面以世界级滑冰运动员摔倒的次数更多来证明这一点，最后一句提出问题：为什么好的滑冰运动员反而摔倒的次数多呢？下文对这个问题做了回答，进一步阐明了文章的中心论点。很明显，这个问题就是为了引出下文对中心论点的论述服务的。故选A。

(2)考查文章结构。第一段提出中心论点并以滑冰运动员为例引出第二段。第三段James Dyson为正面例子证明：成功是建立失败的基础上的。而第四和第五两段分别以医疗和20世纪七十年代的儿童教育为反例证明：不经历失败就不会获得成功和提高。最后一段再次强调中心论点。故选A。

(3)考查主旨大意。文章第一段即提出中心论点：the paradox（悖论）is that our children can only truly succeed if they first learn how to fail，中间几段以正反两方面的例子证明了该论

点。最后一段又重新强调了该论点。很明显，文章的中心意思就是：失败是孩子真正成功的必要条件。故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，文章结构和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。

8．阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Youth football team members rescued more than two weeks after sudden flooding trapped them in a cave in Thailand are now being well looked after at a hospital in the northern city of Chiang Rai. In addition to treating the boys for potential body fluid loss, inadequate nutrition and lack of oxygen, their doctors also plan to closely monitor them for symptoms of diseases that may have been infected by animals living in the cave.

"The next step is to make sure those kids and their families are safe, because living in a cave provides a different environment, which might contain animals that could transmit…disease," said the local hospital. The boys and their family members have been told to watch for symptoms such as headache, nausea(反胃), muscle pain or difficulty breathing, the reports added.

Yet based on the location where the boys were trapped—more than four kilometers from the cave complex's main entrance, past some fully submerged passages—and the fact they have been swimming out wearing full scuba face masks, it seems unlikely that they were living with bats in the cave or breathed in bat-associated bacteria during their rescue, several infectious disease experts said. "It's hard to imagine bats got that deep into the cave because of all those narrow passageways, but it is possible," says Ian Lipkin, an animal expert and professor at the Mailman School of Public Health at Columbia University. "It's unlikely that there would be many animals in there," notes Jonathan Epstein, a doctor at EcoHealth Alliance, a nonprofit organization that studies diseases and how to prevent them. Bats typically like to rest in areas they can easily enter and exit, not in places that fully flood, he adds.

Bats in Thailand have been linked with a wide range of viruses that are similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)—Lipkin says. But it seems more likely the boys would have been exposed to infection-causing bacteria when they swam through the dirty water with cuts and scrapes. "If you are trying to prioritize issues with respect to health care for these kids, number one would be psychological damage and second will be bacterial infections from the cuts and scrapes they may have encountered." Lipkin says.

（1）According to the passage, which of the following is NOT the potential symptom of the rescued team members?

A. Lacking body water

B. Unbalanced nutrition

C. Pain in the head and muscles

D. Adequate oxygen

（2）The underlined word "submerged" in paragraph 3 means ____________.

A. under the water

B. wild and dangerous

C. with animals

D. bat-associated （3）Which is true about the caves and the trapped people?

A. Jonathan Epstein thought it possible for the team members to be attacked by bats in the fully-flooded cave.

B. Lipkin argued bats were not able to get deep into the narrow cave where

the kids were trapped.

C. Lipkin said the victims might be infected when their body were exposed to bacterial water during the rescue.

D. Lipkin believed the most important issue for the cave-trapped teenagers was infectious bacteria examination.

（4）What is the text type of the passage?

A. An academic essay about bats.

B. A newspaper article.

C. A medical magazine.

D. A Thai website about sports.

【答案】（1）D

（2）A

（3）C

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，讲述了突然爆发的洪水把一支泰国少年足球队困在山洞达两周多，之后全部获救，正在北部城市清雷的一家医院接受良好的治疗。

（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“In addition to treating the boys for potential body fluid loss, inadequate nutrition and lack of oxygen, their doctors also plan to closely monitor them for symptoms of diseases th at may have been infected by animals living in the cave.”除了治疗男孩潜在的体液流失，营养不足和缺乏氧气，他们的医生还计划密切监测他们可能被洞穴里的动物感染的疾病症状，D项是足够的氧气，可知选D。

（2）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“more than four kilometers from the cave complex's main entrance, past some fully submerged passages”离山洞的主要入口不止四公里，经过一些完全淹没的通道，可知submerged识“淹没”之意，故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“ "If you are trying to prioritize issues with respect to health care for these kids, number one would be psychological damage and second will be bacterial infections from the cuts and scrapes they m ay have encountered”如果你想优先考虑这些孩子的健康问题，第一是心理伤害，其次是他们可能遇到的伤口和擦伤引起的细菌感染，故选C。

（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，这是一篇新闻报道，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生在准确掌握细节信息的同时，需要根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

9．阅读理解

Our Museums, Galleries, and Zoo

19 world-class museums, galleries, and a zoo

The Smithsonian offers eleven museums and galleries on the National Mall and six other museums and the National Zoo in the greater National Capital Area. In New York City, we invite you to tour two museums in historic settings.

Not near a Smithsonian museum? Look for exhibitions and museums in your community. Here we have listed some places to visit:

Tips & Guidelines:

Stop at any Smithsonian museum information desk where friendly and knowledgeable staff and volunteers can assist you in planning your visit.

Service animals are welcome at the museums and the National Zoo. Pets are not permitted.

Lunches should be properly closed or stored in lockers during your visit.

（1）he Smithsonian offers all these EXCEPT .

A. galleries

B. concerts

C. museums

D. zoos

（2）If you are interested in animals, you can .

A. go to 1661 Pennsylvania Avenue, NW Washington, DC

B. go to 8th and F Streets, NW Washington, DC

C. visit the museum 11 a.m. on Christmas

D. visit the zoo at weekends on June 25

（3）To arrange your visit better, you can .

A. have lunch during your visit

B. take your pets along with you

C. ask the staff and volunteers for help

D. fill in an application form before your visit

【答案】（1）B

（2）D

（3）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了史密森尼博物馆相关的信息以及游玩建议。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“The Smithsonian offers eleven museums and galleri es on the National Mall and six other museums and the National Zoo in the greater National Capital Area”可知史密森尼博物馆（Smithsonian）在国家广场（National Mall）上设有11个博物馆和美术馆，在较大的国家首都辖区有6个博物馆和国家动物园（National Zoo）。没有提供音乐会。故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。根据National Zoo所在的表格可知国家动物园的开放时间为三月15号到九月，每天的上午九点到下午六点；十月到来年的三月14号是每天上午九点到下午四点，12月25号不开。所以如果对动物感兴趣，游客可以在六月25号去游玩。故选D。（3）考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段中的“Stop at any Smithsonian museum information

desk where friendly and knowledgeable staff and volunteers can assist you in planning your visit.”可知史密森尼博物馆的信息问讯处有友好的并且知识渊博的员工及志愿者，他们可以帮助你为参观做计划。所以如果你想更好的参观这里，可以寻求职工和志愿者的帮助，故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

10．阅读理解

Festivals in Wales this spring

There's lots to see, do and experience in Wales this spring. And now it's time to embrace all things new and get ready to be entertained in the spring, come rain or shine.

Wrexham, 10-12 May

The annual festival showcases over 200 acts consisting of music, comedy, film and more. Since its opening event in 2011, Focus Wales has done a lot for emerging（新兴的）musicians across the country, and 2018 sees Welsh Music Prize winner The Gentle Good and Y Selar Best Band winners. Candelas, take the stage.

Aberystwyth, 19-29 May

Whether you prefer Hill Climbs or Sportives, the AberCycle Festival allows you to take all of it in from the saddle（鞍）of a bike, enjoying the world's most beautiful scenery. However, all work and no play makes us all dull boys and girls, so while you're in town be sure to pop in to one or two of the plenty of pubs in Aber（as the locals call it）for a nice, cold pint of Brains beer. You'll need it after all that cycling!

Hay on Wye, 25-28 May

The world's biggest music and philosophy festival returns in 2018 with its unique mix of tunes, talks and trapeze（吊杠）（yes, there are even circus performers!）Based in the magical surroundings of Hay on Wye, this four day festival takes place at the end of May and is perfect for everyone who likes a side of intellectualism（理智主义）with their traditional festival experience.

Lawrenny, 25-28 May

In late May in the heart of the Pembrokeshire National Park, the Big Retreat Wales takes place. Essentially the festival is about wellness, but it's also so much more than that. Join in this May for four days of “fed good”, leaving y our usual routine behind and diving into a delightful mix of workshops, activities, music and sustainable food produce.

（1）The festivals in Wales are held annually .

A. in early May

B. inside and outside of Wales

C. in rainy or sunny weather

D. for locals only

（2）What is special about Aberystwyth, 19-29 May?

A. You can find a place to relax after the activity.

B. You can meet your favorite band winners.

C. It has an atmosphere of natural beauty and tradition.

D. It doesn't last long enough.

（3）Jane is an office worker and fitness enthusiast and wants to experience something unusual. Which festival do you suggest she go to?

A. Wrexham, 10-12 May

B. Aberystwyth, 19-29 May

C. Hay on Wye, 25-28 May

D. Lawrenny, 25-28 May

【答案】（1）C

（2）A

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了了今年春天的威尔士节日时能看到的，做的和体验至的项目。

(1)考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“There's lots to see, do and experience in Wales this spring. And now it's time to embrace all things new and get ready to be entertained in the spring, come rain or shine.”可知，威尔士节日不论是雨天还是晴天，都会举行。其中的shine为意为“好天气”与sunny是同义词，rainy是rain的形容词。故选C。

(2)考查推理判断。根据Aberystwyth, 19-29 May部分中的“all work and no play makes us all dull boys and girls, so while you're in town be sure to pop in to one or two of the plenty of pubs in Aber（as the locals call it）for a nice, cold pint of Brains beer. You'll need it after all that cycling!”可知，当你在镇里时，去到酒吧内喝点冰凉的啤酒很流行。骑自行车之后你需要它！由此可推断出，活动之后你可以去酒吧喝酒休息，即活动后有地方休息的。故选A。

(3)考查推理判断。根据Lawrenny, 25-28 May部分中的“…Essentially the festival is about wellness, but it's also so much more than that. …, leaving your usual routine behind …”这个节日本质上就是关于健康健身的，但它不仅仅如此。你可以丢掉你的日常惯例，加入…。由此可知，这个节日的目的就是如果你热爱健身，想体验不同寻常的东西，就可以来这儿。分析选项可知D项符合题意。故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，考生准确掌握细节信息的同时，需根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。

11．阅读理解

Two of the saddest words in the English language are "if only". I live my life with the goal of never having to say those words, because they convey regret, lost opportunities, mistakes, and disappointment.

My father is famous in our family for saying, "Take the extra minute to do it right." I always try to live by the "extra minute" rule. When my children were young and likely to cause accidents, I always thought about what I could do to avoid an "if only" moment, whether it was something minor like moving a cup full of hot coffee away from the edge of a counter, or something that required a little more work such as taping padding (衬垫) onto the sharp corners of a glass coffee table.

I don't only avoid those "if only" moments when it comes to safety. It's equally important to avoid "if only" in our personal relationships. We all know people who lost a loved one and regretted that they had foregone an opportunity to say "I love you" or "I forgive you." When my father announced he was going to the eye doctor across from my office on Good Friday, I told him that it was a holiday for my company and I wouldn't be here. But then I thought about the fact

that he's 84 years old and I realized that I shouldn't give up an opportunity to see him. I called him and told him I had decided to go to work on my day off after all.

I know there will still be occasions when I have to say "if only" about something, but my life is definitely better because of my policy of doing everything possible to avoid that eventuality. And even though it takes an extra minute to do something right, or it occasionally takes an hour or two in my busy schedule to make a personal connection, I know that I'm doing the right thing. I'm buying myself peace of mind and that's the best kind of insurance for my emotional well-being.（1）Which of the following is an example of the "extra minute" rule?

A.Start the car the moment everyone is seated.

B.Leave the room for a minute with the iron working.

C.Wait for an extra minute so that the steak tastes better.

D.Move an object out of the way before it trips someone.

（2）The author decided to go to her office on Good Friday to ______.

A.keep her appointment with the eye doctor

B.meet her father who was already an old man

C.join in the holiday celebration of the company

D.finish her work before the deadline approached

（3）The underlined word "foregone" in Paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.

A.abandoned

https://www.360docs.net/doc/0245810.html,cked

C.avoided

D.taken

（4）What is the best title for the passage?

A.To Keep Emotional Well-being

B.To Prevent "If Only" Moments

C.To Follow the Most Useful Rule

D.To Achieve the Peace of Mind

【答案】（1）D

（2）B

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者认为英语中最悲伤的两个词语是"if only"，因为他们表达了遗憾。父亲在作者小的时候经常让她提前做一些能防止意外发生的事，因此她懂得珍惜现在所拥有的一切，而且知道自己正在做对的事。

（1）考查推理判断。根据第一、二段可知，作者所说的“extra minute”rule是指在遇事时多思考一分钟，从而可以避免以后遗憾、犯错或失望，故选D。

（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“But then I thought about the fact that he's 84 years old and I realized that I shouldn't give up an opportunity to see him.”可知，父亲说在周五去看眼科医生时经过作者的办公室，虽然那天是假日，但作者想到父亲八十四了，自己不应该放弃每一次见父亲的机会，于是又改口说那天上班。由此可知作者决定在星期五去她的办公室，是为了见她已经年迈的父亲。故选B。

（3）考查词义猜测。根据划线词所在句and前后连接语意相似成分，由其前“失去一个心爱的人或物”可推知此处是指“后悔放弃一个机会”可知，foregone的意思是“放弃”，故选A。

（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文叙述了作者通过“extra minute”rule来避免以后说“if only”的情况。“if only”作为线索贯穿了整篇文章，且第一段也提到了the saddest words，其他选项比较笼统，不能涵盖本文内容。所以这篇文章最好的题目是“防止出现if only的情况”，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇人生感悟类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

12．阅读理解

Primavera Sound

To kick off the summer, there's no better place to be than Barcelona. On the concert lineup, you'll find bands like The Zombies, Arcade Fire, and Bon Iver. Then take some time to soak up the local food, wine, and culture.

Date: May 31 – June 4, 2018

Location: Barcelona, Spain

Music Type: Indie, rock, hip-hop

Price: 80€ –300€ (around $86 – $323)

Recommended places to stay in Barcelona:

Hotel 1898

Hotel Barcelona Universal

Mercer Hotel Barcelona

Governors Ball

One of the greatest summer concerts in New York City is Governor's Ball, which takes place in early June at Randall's Island Park. Some of the many artists playing include Tool, Phoenix, Lorde, Flume, and the Wu-Tang Clan.

Date: June 2-4, 2018

Location: New York City, New York, USA

Music Type: Rock, hip-hop, pop

Price: $105 – $305

Recommended places to stay in New York City:

W New York – Union Square, Union Square, New York City, United States

Aloft Harlem

Super 8 Long Island City LGA Hotel

Courtyard New York Manhattan / Upper East Side

Bonnaroo

Bonaroo is another epic summer event that draws in crowds of around 60,000 each year. Some of the most iconic music legends will be playing this year, including U2, Red Hot Chili Peppers, The Weeknd, and Chance the Rapper.

Date: June 8-11, 2018

Location: Manchester, Tennessee, USA

Music Type: Rock, hip-hop

Price: $210.50 – $554+ fees

Recommended places to stay in Manchester:

Microtel Inn & Suites by Wyndham Manchester

Country Inn & Suites Manchester

The Ambassador Inn & Luxury

（1）On which of the days can you enjoy Rock, hip-hop in Primavera Sound?

A. June 1，2018.

B. June 5，2018.

C. June 9，2018.

D. June 11，2018.（2）To witness iconic music legend Chance the Rapper playing , which of the following are the recommended places to stay？

A. Courtyard New York Manhattan.

B. Hotel Barcelona Universal.

C. Randall's Island Park.

D. The Ambassador Inn & Luxury.

【答案】（1）A

（2）D

【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文，推荐了三个夏天要听的音乐会，这些音乐会由不同的乐队，在不同的时间、地点演奏，价格也有所不同，但也有共同之处：演奏摇滚和hip-hop（嘻哈）音乐。

(1)考查细节理解。根据Primavera Sound部分中的“Date – May 31 – June 4, 2018 ＂可知，我们可以在5月31日到6月4日之间欣赏Primavera Sound的摇滚和嘻哈音乐，因此选A。。

(2考查细节理解。根据Bonnaroo部分中的＂Some of the most iconic music legends will be playing this year, including U2, Red Hot Chili Peppers, The Weeknd, and Chance the Rapper.”以及推荐地点“Recommended places to stay in Manchester:Microtel Inn & Suites by Wyndham Manchester，Country Inn & Suites Manchester，The Ambassa dor Inn & Luxury“”可知，见证Chance the Rapper的标志性音乐，被推荐的居住地点有The Ambassador Inn & Luxury＂，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节信息，结合题目要求，选出正确答案。

13．阅读理解

Most of us have been in this situation: You're on your way to your friend's house, then you sud denly ask yourself,"Did I remember to turn the lights off?” For those with "smart homes", however, this wouldn't be a problem.

Over the last few years,smart home technology has become more popular. Thanks to user-friendly products like intelligent lighting and heating controllers, people can control nearly every electrical item in their homes from anywhere in the world.

While smart homes aren't new, companies like Philips, Amazon and Xiaomi have finally brought

automation to everyday people with affordable products like artificial intelligence(AI) speakers and sensors.

“The obvious message is that you can stop wasting energy,” Tom Kerber, director of research for U. S -based digital company Parks Associates, told The Guardian.

And the technology also has more meaningful uses. In Norway, for example, one company is using smart tech to make life easier for its elderly customers. Abilia's system allows carers to check up on patients through a tablet on a wall inside their home. The device sends patients reminders about tasks, such as when they need to take medication(冥想). It can even tell carers if there's any unusual activity in the home that could be life-threatening.

“This kind of system allows people to take care of themselves, which is the mo st important thing,” Abilia's vice president, Oystein Johnsen, told the BBC. "It also saves the government money. In Norway, it costs 1 million kroner(about 0. 8 million yuan )per year to have someone in a care home. This system costs 15,000 kroner a year.”

So, for those who have already "gone smart", will it ever be possible to go back to do things in the old-fashioned way? "I think it would be difficult. When we go to a friend's house or on vacation we find ourselves expecting the house to do things for us that we should do, "Poulson, 35, a senior program manager from Seattle.,U. S.,explained.

（1）What are the first and second paragraphs used for?

A. Introducing the topic.

B. Describing the situation.

C. Advertising smart homes.

D. Putting forward the author's opinion.

（2）What do Philips, Amazon and Xiaomi have in common?

A. They are all designing smart homes.

B. They are all U. S -based digital company.

C. They've all advanced in smart technology.

D. They've all received affordable products automatically.

（3）What does Abilia's system allow users to do in Norway?

A. To take care of themselves.

B. To buy user-friendly products.

C. To control heating and cooling.

D. To switch lights through a tablet.

（4）What's Poulson's attitude to smart technology?

A. Cautious.

B. Favorable

C. Ambiguous.

D. Disapproving.

【答案】（1）A

（2）C

（3）A

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了智能家居领域又有了新的进展。

(1)考查推理判断。第一、二段是对智能家居的现象的描述，从第三段开始文章介绍了智能家居在人们日常生活中的发展及应用，因此，第一、二段是为了引出“智能家居”的话题。故选A。

(2)考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“... companies like Philips Amazon and Xiaomi have finally brought automation to everyday people with affordable products like artificial intelligence（AI）speakers and sensors．”可知，这几家公司已经通过人们负担得起的产品将自动化带到人们的日常生活中，因此，它们的共同点是都在智能科技方面取得了进步。故选C。