级下册第二单元英语语法点

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常用的情态动词有：can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would这九大情态动词；其他的还有ought to, need, dare 等

二、情态动词表示“可能”或“预测” (can, could, will, would, shall, should, must, ought to （1）can 和 could 用于表示“可能”或“预测”：1. He can't be at home.他不可能在家。

2. Can the news be true? (can 置于主语 the news 前就成疑问句) 这消息可能是真的吗?

3. Anybody can make mistake. (只表示理论上的可能性) 任何人都可能犯错误。

（2）may 和 might 用于表示“事实上的可能性”或“预测”：

1. It may rain tomorrow可能会发生) 明天可能会下雨。

2. It may snow later this afternoon. (表示预测) 今天下午可能会下雪。

3. You might be right. (表示有可能) 你可能是对的。

（3）will 和 would 用于表示“预测”或“习惯性”：

1. I think he will be all right now. (will be 表示一定会) 我想他现在一定好了

2. That would be his mother.(would be 表示肯定是) 那肯定是他母亲。

3. He will sit there hour after hour looking at the river.(will 表示经常的) 他经常一连几个小时坐在那儿看着河水。

4）shall 和 should 用于表示“必定”：

1. I shall be rich one day. (shall be ) 总有一天我会发达的。

2. That should be Sam and his mother. (should be) 那准是Sam 和他的母亲。

2. That would be his mother.(would be 表示肯定是) 那肯定是他母亲。

3. He will sit there hour after hour looking at the river.(will 表示经常的) 他经常一连几个小时坐在那儿看着河水。

（4）shall 和 should 用于表示“必定”：

1. I shall be rich one day. (shall be ) 总有一天我会发达的。

2. That should be Sam and his mother. (should be) 那准是Sam 和他的母亲。

（5）must 用于表示“必定”，“必会”：

1. This must be good for you.(must be 肯定) 这肯定对你是有益的。

2. All mankind must die.(表示必然会发生的事) 所有的人一定会死的。

3. Mustn't there be a mistake? (mustn't 多用于疑问句) 那肯定会有错误吗？

三、情态动词表示“许可”、“请求”

(can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must)

（1）can 和 could 用于表示“许可”、“请求”：

（2） 1. Can I go with you? (请求) 我能跟你一起走吗？

2. Father said I could go to cinema. (表示过去的许可) 爸爸说我可以去看电影。

3. Could I ask you something ? (请求,用 could 比 can 更婉转) 我可以问你一件事吗？

（2）will 和 would 用于表示“请求”

1. Will you kindly tell me the way to the post office? (表示客气请求) 请问到邮局怎么走？

2. Would you give me your address? (用 would 比 will 表示更客气)请你告诉我你的地址好吗3）shall 和 should 用于第一人称，表示征求对方的意见 1. Shall we talk? 我们谈谈好吗？

2. What should we do next? (用should 比 shall 表示更客气) 下一步我们该怎么做？

3. Shall he come to see you? (用于第三人称疑问句) 要不要他来看你？

（4）may 和 might 用于表示“许可”(口语中多用 can )

1. You may take a walk. (表示给予许可) 你可以散散步。

2. You might read the story for me. (比may更婉转) 是否请给我读一读这故事。

3.May I make a suggestion? 我可以提个建议吗？

4. Might I take a look of your work? 我看看您的大作行吗？

5. Students may not make noise in the library. (may not 表示不许可或禁止)

（5）must 用于表示“禁止”，“不准”：

1. Cars must not be parked here. (must not表示不许可) 此地不准停车。

2. All of you mustn't fishing in the pool. (must not 语气方面比 may not 更强)你们不准在池里鱼 2．① either adv.（用于否定句）也

He doesn’t have any money, and I don‘t, either．他没有钱，我也没有。

I can’t play chess. She can’t, either.我不会下国际象棋，她也不会。

② too 也（用于肯定或疑问句）

I am a teacher．He is a teacher, too．我是老师，他也是老师。

We are going hiking. Are they going hiking, too? 我们要去徒步旅行,他们也要去吗？

4．the same as... 与……相同

The clothes are the same as my friends'．这些衣服与我朋友的一样。

Tom is the same age as Anna．＝ Tom is as old as Anna．汤姆和安娜一样大。

Her backpack is the same as mine. 她的背包与我的一样。

5．except 除……以外；（不包括……在内）

My class has been invited except me．＝ Only I haven't been invited．

除我以外，我的同学都被邀请了。

All the students went to the park except him．＝ Only he didn't get to the park． They all toured America except her. 除了他以外，所有的学生都去美国旅行过。

besides 除……以外（包括在内）

We all went there besides him．＝ He went there．We went there, too．除他去以外，我们也都去了。 There are five more visitors besides me.除了我之外还有5倍访客

7．get on well with sb．与某人相处融洽

The students will get on well with the teacher．学生会和老师相处得非常好。

We get on well with each other．我们彼此相处融洽。

Can she get on well with all the other students in her class? 她能与她班里所有的同学相处得好8．have a fight with sb．＝ fight with sb．与某人打架

I don‘t want to have a fight with my cousin．我不想和我的堂兄打架。

They never fight with each other.They are really good friends.他们从不打架他们的确是好朋友。

They knew they did wrong. 他们知道他们做错了。 7．get on well with sb．与某人相处融洽The students will get on well with the teacher．学生会和老师相处得非常好。 We get on well with each other．我们彼此相处融洽。

Can she get on well with all the other students in her class? 她能与她班里所有的同学相处得好吗?

8．have a fight with sb．＝ fight with sb．与某人打架

I don‘t want to have a fight with my cousin．我不想和我的堂兄打架。 They never fight with each other.They are really good friends. 他们从不打架，他们的确是好朋友。

六、词语辨析

1. borrow sth. from sb. 从某人处借进某物 lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人

borrow sth. from sb. 是指该句的主语从别人处(往里)借进某物

例:He borrowed the dictionary from Lucy yesterday. 他昨天从露西处借了那本字典.

lend sth. to sb. = lend sb. sth. 是指该句的主语把某物（往外）借给别人用

例如：Could you lend me your car? 请你借给我你的车用一下好吗？

2. ①get sb. to do…使……做（以人为对象时，有“说服……使做……”的含义）

He could get a tutor to come to his home. 他可以请一位家庭教师来他家。

You’ll never get her to agree. 你决不可能使她同意。

②ask sb. to do…邀请（人）做……

We asked her to come to our party.我们请她来参加聚会

③ tell sb. to do…让某人做某事例如：

The teacher told him to finish the work that day. 老师那天让他完成那项工作。

Be in style be out of style 过时的，不时髦的

例： Look! Her new dress is in style.她的新裙子很时髦

Those clothes are out of style. 那些衣服过时了。

七、课文解释

1、I don’t want to surprise him. 我不想让他感到意外。

此处surprise是及物动词 surprise sb. 使某人感到吃惊 eg. My friend always surprises me.

2、talk about it on the phone 用电话就此事进行交流

eg. Call Jim on the phone. 找吉姆听电话。

Lily, you are wanted on the phone. 莉莉，你的电话

3、call sb. (up) =give sb. a call 给某人打电话

He called me (up) from New York. 他从纽约给我打来电话 =He gave me a call from New York.

4、write sb. a letter = write a letter to sb. 给某人写信

5、give him a ticket to a ball game.给他一张观看球赛的入场券

eg. They got two tickets to tonight’s show. 他们搞了两张今晚表演的入场券。

6、She has the same haircut as I do. 她和我有相同的发型。

eg. Tim has the same clothes as his brother does.提姆和他的弟弟有相同的衣服。

7、find out （研究、努力的结果）发现，查出，找出

You should find out (the answer) for yourself.你应该自己去找答案。

8、Everyone else in my class was invited except me. 除了我以外，我们班其他别的人都接到此句中else一词不能单独使用它必须跟在不定代词像“someone, anyone nobody”等词的后面，或跟在特殊疑问词像“what, where”等词的后面使用意思是“别的” eg. What else do you know about it? 关于此事你还知道什么别的方面

9、I can’t think what I did wrong. 我真想不出我做错了什么。此句中 what I did wrong是宾语从句，作think的宾语应用陈述语序。

10、I’m very upset and don’t know what to do.我很沮丧，不知该干什么。此句中 what to do 是不定式作know的宾语，可用宾语从句来代替。可以说成“I don’t know what I should do.”

11、There are a lot of things you could do. 有许多你能做的事。此句中 you could do是定语从句，修饰前面的名词“things”

12、You left your homework at home.你把你的作业落在家里了。

Leave sth. +介词短语，是“把……忘在，落在（某处）的意思

eg. He left his umbrella on the bus.他把伞忘在公交车上。

13、You should try to be funny. 你应该试着幽默一些。 Try to do…努力做，试着做，尽量做而try not to do 是尽量不做……

eg. Please try not to be late again. 请尽量不要再迟到。

14、Their school days are busy enough. 他们的学校生活是够忙的。 enough必须放在形容词/副词的后面,表示“足够……的”

eg. He is tall enough to reach that apple. 他足够高的可以够着那个苹果。

15、be under too much pressure. 在太多的压力下

16、see other children doing a lot of things 看别的孩子在做许多事

see sb. doing 看见某人正在干某事

eg. We saw them playing basketball at that time.那时我们看见他们在打篮球 17、17.find it hard to do sth. 发现做……（事）很难

He found it hard to learn math well. 他发现学好数学很难

单项选择（共10小题，满分为10分）

1.I think you should borrow some money ____ your friends.a. from b. to c. for d. in

2.—May I use your dictionary, please?—Of course, but please ____it as soon as possible.

a. take

b. give

c. return

d. bring

3.—Why is John unhappy?—Because he ____ the English exam.

a. passed

b. didn’t fail

c. went through

d. failed

4.He gave us ____ on studying English.

a. an advice

b. some advices

c. many advice

d. some advice

5.She looks very busy. I want to help her, but I don’t know____.

a. how to do

b. what to do it

c. what to do

d. why to do

6. Mr Smith eats ____ meat, so he is ____ fat now.

a. too much, too much

b. much too, much too

c. too much, much too

d. much too, too much

7. Does everyone ____ have something to say?

a. other

b. another

c. else

d. others

8. —I’m sorry I broke the window.—I’m afraid you have to ____it.

a. look for

b. get back

c. cut up

d. pay for

9. He finds ____ hard to finish the work in two days. a. it b. that c. this d. its

10. Don’t ____ it.Let’s try again. a. argue with b. complain about c. get on d. be angry with

根据汉语完成句子，每空一词。

1.当你到北京时给我打电话。____ ____ ____ when you get to Beijing.

2.她与她的朋友们相处很融洽。She is ____ ____ ____ ____ her friends.

3.我的表弟和我同龄。My cousin is ____ ____ ____ ____me.

4.另一方面，我不知道如何使用电脑。

____ ____ ____ ____, I don’t know how to use the computer.

5.我们应尽可能多地说英语。We should speak English ____ ____ ____ ____.

基本用法：

1.过去进行时表示过去某一段时间或某一时刻正在进行的动作。常与之连用的时间状语

有，at that time/moment, (at) this time yesterday (last night/Sunday/week…),

2. at+点钟+yesterday (last night / Sunday…)，when sb. did sth等时间状语从句，如：What were you doing at 7p.m. yesterday? 昨天晚上七点你在干什么？

I first met Mary three years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time. 我第一次遇到玛丽是在三年前，当时她在一家无线电商店工作。

I was cooking when she knocked at the door. 她敲门时我正在做饭。

2. when后通常用表示暂短性动词，while后通常用表示持续性动词，因此它所引导的状语从

句中，谓语动词常用进行时态，如：

When the car exploded I was walking past it.= While I was walking past the car it exploded.

3.when用作并列连词时，主句常用进行时态，从句则用一般过去时，表示主句动作发生的过程中，另一个意想不到的动作发生了。如：

I was walking in the street when someone called me. 我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。

4. when作并列连词，表示―（这时）突然‖之意时，第一个并列分句用过去进行时，when 引导的并列分句用一般过去时。如：

I was taking a walk when I met him. 我正在散步，突然遇见了他。

We were playing outside when it began to rain. 我们正在外边玩，这时下起雨来了

四．词语辨析

1、in front of 与in(at) the front of

in the front of 在……的前面（表示―有距离的前面‖，在一个参照物的前面）

e.g.: There is a car in front of the house. 房子前日面有一辆车

in(at) the front of 在……的前头，前排（列）（在一个范围内的前面部位）

eg. She sat in the front of the bus. 她坐在公交车的前排

2、get out of 与get into 是反义词 get into走进，进入

eg. He get out of the car and get into the building.

5、in a tree与 on a tree

eg. Are there any birds in the tree? 树上有些鸟吗？

on a tree 在树上（指长在树上的东西） Look! There are many apples on the tree

9. Not all events in history are as terrible as this. 并不是所有的历史上的大事件都像此事这样可怕。 Not all 并不是所有的（部分否定）

As…as…与……一样(as与as之间用形容词、副词的原级

单项选择

1. There ________ robots in people's homes in 30 years. A is B are C be D will be

2. Ten years ago she________ in London. A live B lives C lived D will live

3. Will there be more people? Ayes, there is B No there isn't C Yes there will D No there will

4. She'll________ to Beijing tomorrow. Ago B goes C went D to go

5. Jumping is difficult as well as________. A run B runs C running D will run

6. There are________ more people in the department stores on Sundays than usual.

A many

B much

C so

D a little

7. It's very friendly________ you to come to see me. A of B for C to D on

8. I don't know________ to make a decision at once. A. if B whether C what D when

9. He is good at English and is now________ China Daily. A on B at C work at D work on

10. I went to see my grandma every________ days.

A four or five

B four and five

C fourth

D fifth

1. Everyone will have a credit card. 否定句Everyone________ have a credit card.

2. We often go to see Aunt Sun.对划线部分提问

________ ________ do you go to see Aunt Sun.

3. She finished her homework.否定句She ________ ________ her homework.

4. I'll go to Hong Kong on vacation.对划线部分提问________ ________ go to on vacation?

5. I will fly rockets to moon and Mars.对划线部分提问

________ ________ you go to moon and Mars?

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七年级下英语语法专题一.一般现在时: (一).用所给词的适当形式填空. ______(go)to school every day. always______(get) up early . _________ (play) basketball on Saturdays. ________ (like)English . can_________ (swim) . _______(be) outgoing . _______(come) after winter . _______(be) 7 days in a week . (travel) faster than sound. sun________ (go) down in the west. must_______ (do) housework on weekends. I ________(help) you (is) not everything. milk_________(be)in the cup. (be) here. 16.“6”_________(be)a lucky number . 17.“I”_________(be)a letter. (二).句型运用: 写出下列句子的①否定形式②一般疑问句③肯\否定回答④特殊疑问句 am 12 is from America . can sing like playing chess. gets up at 6:30 every morning. sister does her homework everyday . (三).写出下列词语的第三人称单数形式. Study________fly________wash________teach_________do________go_________ Work_________play________see_________fight________put________discuss_______ Cry_________be___________have________ say_________pass________relax_________二.现在进行时. (一). 写出下列动词的-ing形式. write___________sit____________take__________Cut___________have___________ shop___________make__________Come_________stop___________put___________ arrive__________get___________begin__________dance_________ leave___________ swim__________run__________play__________go___________fly________________ lie____________die___________clean___________cry_________do_______________

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英语语法 1.名词 1.1名词复数的规则变化 1.2其他名词复数的规则变化 1.3名词复数的不规则变化 1.4不可数名词量的表示 1.5定语名词的复数 1.6不同国家的人的单复数 1.7名词的格 2.冠词和数词 2.1不定冠词的用法 2.2定冠词的用法 2.3零冠词的用法 2.4冠词与形容词+名词结构 2.5冠词位置 2.6数词 3.代词 3.1人称代词的用法 3.2人称代词之主、宾格的替换 3.3代词的指代问题 3.4并列人称代词的排列顺序 3.5物主代词 3.6双重所有格 3.7反身代词 3.8相互代词 3.9指示代词 3.10疑问代词 3.11关系代词 3.12every , no, all, both, neither, nor 3.13none, few, some, any, one, ones 3.14代词比较辩异 one，that 和it 3.15one/another/the other 3.16“the”的妙用 3.17anyone/any one；no one/none；every/each 3.18both, either, neither, all, any, none 3.19many, much 3.20few, little, a few, a little 4.形容词和副词 4.1形容词及其用法 4.2以-ly结尾的形容词 4.3用形容词表示类别和整体 4.4多个形容词修饰名词的顺序 4.5副词及其基本用法 4.6兼有两种形式的副词

4.7形容词与副词的比较级 4.8as + 形容词或副词原级 + as 4.9比较级形容词或副词 + than 4.10可修饰比较级的词 4.11many,old 和 far 4.12the + 最高级 + 比较范围 4.13和more有关的词组 5.动词 5.1系动词 5.2什么是助动词 5.3助动词be的用法 5.4助动词have的用法 5.5助动词do的用法 5.6助动词shall和will的用法5.7助动词should和would的用法5.8短语动词 5.9非谓语动词 6.动名词 6.1动名词作主语、宾语和表语6.2Worth的用法 7动词不定式 7.1不定式作宾语 7.2不定式作补语 7.3不定式主语 7.4It's for sb.和 It's of sb. 7.5不定式作表语 7.6不定式作定语 7.7不定式作状语 7.8用作介词的to 7.9省to 的动词不定式 7.10动词不定式的否定式 7.11不定式的特殊句型too…to… 7.12不定式的特殊句型so as to 7.13不定式的特殊句型Why not 7.147不定式的时态和语态 7.15动名词与不定式 8.特殊词精讲 8.1stop doing/to do 8.2forget doing/to do 8.3remember doing/to do 8.4regret doing/to do 8.5cease doing/to do 8.6try doing/to do 8.7go on doing/to do

英语语法大全(完全版)

语法 1．5种类型的谓语 1326 在一个完整的句子中，主语之外的部分称为谓语，共有5种类型的谓语。第一类包含一个不及物动词（Ⅳ）： He came． My wife cried．第二类包含一个及物动词及其宾语（TV＋O）： John likes me． His uncle wrote letters．第三类包含一个双宾动词、一个间接宾语和一个直接宾语（DV+IO+DO）： They teach me English． I bought Mary sugar．第四类包含一个系动词及主语补语（LV＋C）： He is a teacher． She looks sad．第五类包含一个宾补动词、宾语及宾语补语（FV＋O＋C）： We made him king． She left the house dirty． 1．基本成分

1302根据其结构，句子可以分为5类： a．主语＋不及物动词 John came．（S）（IV） b．主语＋及物动词＋宾语 John likes oranges．（S）（TV）（O）c．主语＋双宾动词＋间接宾语＋直接宾语 John gave Mary books．（S）（DV）（IO）（DO） d．主语＋系动词＋主语补语 John is happy．（S）（LV）（SC）e．主语＋宾补动词＋宾语＋宾语补语 John makes Mary angry．（S）（FV）（O）（OC）主语、不及物动词、及物动词、双宾动词、系动词、宾补动词、宾语及补语可以称为基本句子成分。在上面的句子中，如把任何一个成分删除，都会成为病句。从上面例句也可看出，完整的句子一般至少包含2个基本成分，至多4个基本成分。 2．附属成分