英语常见虚拟语气最全总结

一、初中英语虚拟语气

1．If I ____ a candle, I would light the world bright.

A．am B．are C．be D．were

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：如果我是一根蜡烛，我将点亮这个世界。if I were 如果我是…，were虚拟语气，be动词都用were,故选D

考点：if条件句的虚拟语气

点评：if条件句的虚拟语气，是中考要求掌握的知识点，分为三种情况：

表示与现在事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用一般过去式（be用were），主句谓语动词

用should/would/could/might +do;2.表示与过去的事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用过去完成时，主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might+have done;3.表将来的事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用should+动词/did/were to do，主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might

+do。

2．If I _______ you, I _______ go there.

A．is; will B．is; would C．were; would D．was; will

【答案】C

【解析】本题考查虚拟语气，if引导的与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。从句用一般过去式，主句用过去将来时。句意：如果我是你的话，我会去那儿的。

1.57．---What would you do if you a million dollars?

---If I you, I’d g ive it to medical research.

A．got, were B．win, am C．won, am D．get, were

【答案】A

【解析】本题是考查的虚拟语气，对于将来的假设，主句用过去将来时，从句用一般过去时，且be动词为were，故选A

2.58．What _____ you _____ if you had a million dollars?

A．would, did B．will, do C．would, do D．will, did

【答案】C

【解析】本题是对于虚拟语气的特殊疑问句的考查，根据句子的结构，选C

3．I suggest that we Chinese people_______Chinese culture with love and joy everywhere we go. A．spread B．spreading C．to spread D．will spread

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

句意：我建议我们中国人无论走到哪里都要带着爱心和欢乐来传播中国文化，

考查动词suggest后跟虚拟语气。spread是动词原形；spreading是动名词；to spread是动

词不定式；will spread是一般将来时。动词在这里suggest表示建议，后面宾语从句中使用虚拟语气should+动词原形，should可以省略。根据句意说明本句的suggest表示建议，故后面使用虚拟语气，省略了should，故选A。

【点睛】

动词suggest 后面可以跟名词作宾语，用于句型“suggest sth.”。如：I suggested a visit. 我提议参观。

suggest 后跟动名词作宾语，如：He suggested going home. 他提议回家。

suggest后面跟that引导的宾语从句时，用虚拟语气，一般省略情态动词should，所以本题选项是A。

4．You _______ through that red light, for you _______ an accident.

A．must have driven; should have caused B．could have driven; might have caused C．couldn’t have driven; shoul d have caused D．shouldn’t have driven; could have caused 【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

句意：你不应该开车闯红灯，因为你会引起事故的。

考查情态动词。分析句子及选项“You ___ through that red light, for you ____ an accident.”，你开车闯红灯，因为你事故的，可知是对过去的虚拟，应用情态动词+have done。此处是不应该开车闯红灯，会引起事故，故选D。

5．Luckily, he wasn’t driving fast at the time of accident; otherwise, I am sure, it _______ a more serious accident.

A．would be B．were C．would have been D．had been

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意：幸运的是，事故发生时他没有开快车；否则，我相信，这将是一个更严重的事故。考查虚拟语气。根据“wasn’t driving”是过去进行时，所以此处是对过去的虚拟，主句时态应用情态动词+have done，故选C。

6．If I were invited to the party，I _______ a red skirt.

A． will wear B． wear C． would wear

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：如果我被邀请参加聚会，我会穿红色的裙子。此处考查虚拟语气。句中，主句和从句的谓语都要用虚拟语气，与现在事实相反的假设，从句（条件句）动词过去式（be 一般用were）;主句（结果句） should /would/ could/ might +动词原形。故答案为C。

考点：考查虚拟语气。

7． If my mother ___ I get a grade of 50 in English exam, she would be angry.

A．knows B．knew

C．has known D．would know

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句意：如果我的母亲知道我英语考试成绩是50分，她会生气的。表示与现在事实相反的事实，该用一般过去时态，所以选B。

考点：考查虚拟语气。

8．If I _______ you, I would say another student could do it better.

A．was B．were C．were D．are

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意：如果我是你，我会说另一个学生可以把它做得更好。

考查虚拟语气。根据句意可知“现在事实”相反，此句是虚拟语气，be动词使用were；故选A。

9． ---What if I have to go there and know nothing about it?

--- If I______ you, I would try to find some information about it on the Internet.

A．am B．was C．will be D．were

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：——倘若我必须去那儿而且对那里一无所知，该怎么办？——如果我是你，我会在网上查找一些有关那里的信息。根据I would try to find可知主句用的是would+do,可知这是对现在事实的假设的虚拟语气，因此If引导的条件状语从句用一般过去时，根据虚拟语气的用法be动词在If引导虚拟语气中用were .故选 D。

考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。

10．If I you, I’d take a small present for her.

A．am B．is C．was D．were

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构：1、与现在事实相反：若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形” 2、与过去事实相反：若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词”。

3、与将来事实相反：若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”。句意：如果我是你，我会给她带一件小礼物。结合语境可知本句描述的是与现在相反的事实，故选D。

考点：考查虚拟语气。

11．—I don’t know what to wear at the party.

— If I you, I would wear a shirt and a tie.

A．am B．is C．were D．was

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：if从句的虚拟语气，对于现在的虚拟用一般过去式，be动词都用were,故选C.句意：——我不知道聚会该穿什么。——如果我是你，我会穿一件衬衫加一条领带。故选C 考点：if条件句的虚拟语气

点评：if条件句的虚拟语气，是中考要求掌握的知识点，分为三种情况：

表示与现在事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用一般过去式（be用were），主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do;2.表示与过去的事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用过去完成时，主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might+have done;3.表将来的事实相反的情况，从句谓语动词用should+动词/did/were to do，主句谓语动词用should/would/could/might +do。

12． If I went to the moon, I ______ bring something unusual back to the earth.

A．could

B．will

C．would

D．shall

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：此题考查if引导的条件状语从句的相关知识。根据语境可知此句的含义是如果我去月球，我会带回一些不同寻常的东西。这个假设成立的几率很小，故看为虚拟语气。根据语法知识可知从句要用一般过去时，主句要用过去将来时，过去将来时的基本构成would+动词原形，故选C。

考点：if引导的条件状语从句

点评：if既可以引导宾语从句又可以引导状语从句。if充当宾语从句的连接词时，相当于whether，词义为“是否”，遵循宾语从句的时态规则，可根据语境选择任何时态；充当从属连词，引导条件状语从句时，词义为“如果”，若主句中的谓语动词用一般将来时，则从句中的谓语动词通常用一般现在时表示将来。

13． If I ____Alice, I _____them the truth.

A. was , would tell

B. were ,would tell

C. am, will tell D．is , will tell

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：本题的含义是如果我是你，我将告诉他们真相，本题if引导的是一个虚拟的条件句，在虚拟句中，be用were，主句通常用过去的一种，will应该用would，故本题选B。

考点：if引导的虚拟条件句。

点评：在英文中条件句有两种，一种是真实的条件句，if后遇到将来时用一般现在时，一种是虚拟的条件句，if后用过去时，be用were，在英文的实际使用中应该注意它们的区别。

14．I don’t understand how you got a ticket. I always you a careful driver.

A．think; are B．am thinking; are

C．thought; were D．think; were

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

句意：我不明白你是怎么得到罚单的。我一直以为你是一个谨慎的司机。考查动词时态辨析题。本句是虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，需用一般过去时；根据句意结构，可知选C。

15．You should_______ watched TV. There is so much work to do,

A．not have B．have not C．not D．not having

【答案】A

【解析】

句意“你本不应该看足球比赛，你有许多的工作要做”。本题考查虚拟语气，shouldn't have done本不该做……却做了。根据句意，故选A。

16．Mr. White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didn't show up.

A．should have arrived B．should arrive

C．should have had arrived D．should be arriving

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析：句意：怀特先生本来应该在8：30到会，但他却没有出现。should have done：本来应该做某事而实际上没做。故选A

考点：情态动词

17． If I _______ you , I _______ do that .

A．was , would B．were ; wouldn’t

C．am , won’t D．were , won’t

【答案】D

【解析】试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我不会那样做。本句是与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，从句谓语用动词用过去式（be动词一般用were）；主句用should

（would,could,might）+ 动词原形。故选D。

考点：虚拟条件句。

18．I you about it because I don’t believe you.

A．wouldn’t rather tell B． would rather not to tell

C． would rather not tell D．wouldn’t rather telling

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：根据would rather +not+动词的原型，表示宁愿不做某事句意：因为我不相信你，所以我宁愿不告诉你这件事。Have a . pity 表示同情某人结合句意，故选C

考点：考查固定用法。

19．-What would you do if you _____ the traffic accident?

-I would ______.

A．see,do my housework first B．saw;buy some fruit right away

C．see;call at 110 at once D．saw;call the police right away

【答案】D

【解析】

考查虚拟语气和情境交际的用法。问句使用了虚拟语气，从句中应使用一般过去时；根据traffic accident，应及时报警。

20．— Come and join us, Betty!

—I’m afraid I can’t. I’m too bu sy now. If I ______ time, I would certainly go.

A．have B．have had

C．will have D．had

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：--贝蒂，来加入我们吧！--恐怕我不能。我现在太忙。如果我有时间，我当然会去了。分析：考查if引导的虚拟语气。表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。其句子结构为：从句：If + 主语+ had +过去完成式动词+ ……主句：主语+ would （should, could, might） + have +过去完成式动词+……故选 D

考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。

21．What_____you do if you had a million dollars ?

A．would B．will C．did D．do

【答案】A

【解析】考查点：虚拟语气。解题思路：根据句意:如果你有一百万你将会干什么？“如果你有一百万”是对现在的一种假设，与现在的事实相反。表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气的结构是：主句用should/would/could/might+动词原形，从句用一般过去时态。故选A。

22．If I a bird, I _ fly in the blue sky.

A．was; would B．am; will

C．will be; will D．were; would

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意:如果我是一只鸟，我就能在蓝色的天空中飞翔。根据句意可知，这里表示的是跟事实不符的情况，是不可能实现的事情，因此这里应该用虚拟语气。在if从句中用一般过去时，主句中用would+动词的原形。故选D。

考点：考查虚拟语气。

23．—I like drinking wine. But people who drink wine aren’t allowed to drive.

—If I you, I would give up wine.

A．were; drinking B．am; drinking

C．were; drink D．was;to drink

【答案】A

【解析】

考查虚拟语气和非谓语动词的用法。根据句意可知，该句使用了虚拟语气，if引导的从句使用一般过去时，用were；give up后面接动词的现在分词。故选A。

24．—I don’t know what to do.

— If I you, I buy a guidebook.

A．am; will B．am; would

C．were; will D．were; would

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：我不知道做什么？如果我是你，我就会买一本指南。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构：

1、与现在事实相反

若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”

2、与过去事实相反

若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词”

3、与将来事实相反

若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”。根据句意，可知是与现在的事实相反，故选D

考点：考查虚拟语气的用法。

25．If I _____ one million dollars, I________ travel around the world with my parents. A．have; will B．had; will C．had; will D．had; would

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：如果我有一百万美元，我要和我的父母环游世界。结合语境可知主句描述的是将来动作，用将来时态。从句中是对将来的虚拟，故用过去时态。选D。

考点：if引导的条件状语从句

点评：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构：

1、与现在事实相反

若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”

2、与过去事实相反

若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词”

3、与将来事实相反

若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”：

26．—Mum, can I go shopping with Gina?

—Well, If I were you, I homework first.

A．will do B．have to finish C．must finish D．would do

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：句意：妈妈，我能和吉娜去购物吗？——哦，如果我是你，我会首先完成作业。结合语境可知主句表示的是对现在的虚拟，故用过去将来时态，选D。

考点：虚拟语气

点评：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思，看假设的条件是否能够实现，能够实现是真实条件句，不能使用虚拟语气；假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气.判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。

1、与现在事实相反

若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”

若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词”

3、与将来事实相反

若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”：

27． If I ______ you, I _____the job.

A．was; will take B．was; would take C．were; would take D．were; will take 【答案】 C

【解析】

试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我就要这份工作。If引导的句子是愿望时，用过去式表示，而且系动词用were,主句用would加原形。故选C。

考点: 考查虚拟语气的用法。

28． --What would you do if you won a million yuan? -- __________.

A．I shall give it to charities B．I will buy snacks

C．I won’t put it in the bank D．I’d give it to medical research

【答案】D

【解析】

试题分析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果你有一百万，你会做什么？我会把它捐给医学研究。根据上文提到 What would you do if you won a million yuan 这是对现在的虚拟，所以回答时用would do ，故选D项。

考点：考查虚拟语气。

29．---Come and join us.

--- I’m sorry, but I’m busy. If I ________ time, I would go.

A．have B． had

C． will have D． have had

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句意:来加入我们吧!——抱歉，但是我正忙着呢。如果我有时间，我会去的。结合语境可知下文从句中是对现在情况的虚拟，故用一般过去时态，选B。

考点：虚拟语气

若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”

2、与过去事实相反

若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词”

3、与将来事实相反

若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”：

30．—I’m going to Larry’s party. But I don’t know what to wear.

—If I ___ you, I _______ wear a dress.

A．am; will B．were; will

C．were; would D．am; would

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：根据题干，本句的意思应是“如果我是你，我将穿一件裙子。”“我”是不可能成为“你”，所以本句是一个虚拟语气。对于虚拟语气，从句应该用过去式（be动词，不论是第几人称，都用were），主句用would do。所以本题选C。

考点：本题考查虚拟语气。

点评：完成本题时注意区分虚拟语气和if引导的条件状语从句。虚拟语气是不可能发生的，是一种假设情况；而if引导的条件状语从句，是有可能发生的。如果不明白这两者的区别，就比较容易发错。

31．-– Do you feel tired?

--- No, I don’t. If I were tired, I ______a rest.

A．had B．would have C．will have D．have

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

句意：——你感觉累吗？——不累，如果我累了，我会休息。考查虚拟语气。本句是if条件句，对现在的虚拟，用If sb were/did..., sb would/could/should/might do；根据句意结构和语境，故选B。

32．If I______you, I_______go there at once.

A．am, would B．were, would C．were, will D．am, will

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句意：如果我是你，我会马上去那里。句子用到了虚拟语气，系动词be要用

were；will要用过去式would，结合题意故选B。

考点：考查虚拟语气。

33．I’ m so busy. If I time, I travel around.

A．have; would B．have; could C．had; would D．had; will

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析：虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。其主要有三种结构：

1、与现在事实相反

若与现在事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”

2、与过去事实相反

若与过去事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去完成时（had+过去分词），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+have+过去分词”

3、与将来事实相反

若与将来事实相反，条件从句的谓语用过去式（be通常用were），主句谓语用“should （would, could, might）+动词原形”。

句意：我是那么忙。如果我有时间我会周游世界。与现在事实相反故选C。

考点：考查虚拟语气。

34．— Come and join us, Ben!

—I’m afraid I can’t. I’m too busy now. If I ________ time, I would certainly go.

A．had B．will have C．have had D．have

【答案】A

【解析】试题分析：试题解析：句意：本，来加入我们吧！——恐怕我不能。我现在太忙。如果我有时间，我一定会去的。结合语境可知条件状语从句中描述的是与现在相反的事实，故条件状语从句中用一般过去时态，故答案为A。

考点：考查虚拟语气。

35．Sir, you should__________ at the red light．But you didn’t．

A．stop B．have stopped C．not have stopped D．stopped

【答案】B

【解析】

试题分析：句意：先生，你应该在红灯亮时停下来。但你没有。这里用虚拟语气，用情态动词should + have + 过去分词，这是对过去的一种虚拟。所以选B。

考点：考查虚拟语气。

英语虚拟语气语法归纳总结

虚拟语气: 表示说的话不是事实，不可能发生或者说可能性很小的情况，表达一种愿望、建议、假设。 if were/did, would do if had done, would have done if were to do/should do, would do 举例： If I were you, I would do nothing about it. If you had taken your teacher’s advice, you wouldn’t have made such a mistake. If it were to/ should rain tomorrow(表示降水率很低)，they wouldn’t go shopping. 附注：虚拟语气，条件状从倒装状语从句中，去掉if,提前were/ had/ should 如：If I were you, I would give up. →Were I you, I would give up If you had taken the advice, you would have…. →Had you taken the advice, you would have… If the world shou ld come to an end,…… →Should the world come to an end…… 另外，without, but for, otherwise构成的条件状语从句中，也有含蓄的虚拟语气But for the popularization of electricity, we would lead a whole different life today. (popularization 普及，publicity 宣传) Without your help, I would have failed. We’ll go earlier, otherwise we wouldn’t get a seat.（表示可能性小）

可用虚拟语气的用法总结

虚拟语气的用法总结语气：语气是动词的一中形式，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望，假设或推测等。如If I were you, I should study English. 一．虚拟语气在条件从句的用法条件句有两类，一类是真实条件句；一类是非真实条件句，也就是虚拟条件句。如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句，谓语要用陈述语气。如If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we will go to the park. 如果假设的情况是过去或现在都不存在的，或将来不大可能发生的，则是虚拟条件句。如If he had seen you yesterday, he would have asked you about it. 在含有虚拟条件句的复合句中，主句 If her mother had taken the doctor’s advice, she would/might have got well earlier. If it were to rain tomorrow, the match would be canceled. 有时候省略if，采用局部倒装语序。把had /should/were 等动词（不包括行为动词）移到从句的句首。例如： Were it to rain tomorrow, our picnic would be canceled. Had it not been for the storm, we would have arrived in time. Should the earth stop running, what would happen? 二. 错综时间条件句有时条件从句的动作和主句动作发生的时间不一致，这时需要根据意思采用表示不同时间的动词形式来进行调整。 If she had taken the doctor’s advice, she might still be alive. If I were you, I would have accepted their terms. 三．含蓄条件句

虚拟语气用法总结讲课稿

虚拟语气用法总结

虚拟语气用法总结朱世梅新时代大学英语中针对虚拟语气的练习题较多,而学生们往往把握不好虚拟语气的正确使用,现将其用法总结如下: 一.虚拟语气在英语里主要用来表达： a. 非真实的情景，不可能发生的事，即某种与事实相反或难以实现的情况，或说话人主观愿望。 b. 与客观事实相反地情景，即强制性虚拟语气，表示建议、命令、劝告这一类的意思上，表示强烈的要求做到、必须做到这样的含义。 c. 虚拟语气的表达形式是通过动词的变化形式表达的，其特点是主从句时态的不一致，而且一般有明显得标志。二.虚拟语气的考点为： 1.If 句型 (共有三种句型) 非真实条件句: a.与现在的事实相反：从句用一般过去时，主句的谓语用would (could, might) ＋动词原形 If I were Bill Gates, I would not work so hard every day. b.与过去的事实相反：从句用过去完成时，主句的谓语用would (could, might) ＋现在完成时 If I had gone to America when I graduated from middle school, I would have got my PhD degree. c.与将来的事实相反：从句用should (were to，did) + 动词原形，主句的谓语用would (could, might) ＋动词原形 If it should/were to snow tomorrow, I would go skiing.

注意：虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。 Eg: Should it rain, the crops would be saved. =Were it to rain, the crops would be saved. Eg:_____ to do the work, I should do it some other day. A. If were I B. I were C. Were I D. Was I 答案C. 在虚拟条件状语中如果有were, should, had这三个词，通常将if省略，主语提前, 变成 were, should, had +主语的形式。但在虚拟条件状语从句中，省略连词的倒装形式的句首不能用动词的缩略形式。如我们可说 Were I not to do., 而不能说 Weren't I to do. d.混合条件句主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。例如：条件句动作发生在过去，主句的动作发生在现在)谓语动词要根据表示的时间进行调整。 Eg: If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在). 2.Wish 句型表达“但愿…，要是…多好”的语气表示与事实相反的情况，或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望。其宾语从句的动词形式为： He wished he hadn't said that. 他希望他没讲那样的话。 I wish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。 Wish to do表达法: Wish sb / sth to do I wish to see the manager. = I want to see the manager. I wish the manager to be informed at once. (= I want the manager to be informed at once.) 3.在强制性语气的宾语从句中的运用即表示建议、命令、劝告、决心等主观色彩的动词 + that + (should) + 动词原形，其中should 经常被省略。这类动词包括： suggest, propose, recommend, demand, order, command, desire, require, insist,

虚拟语气语法汇总

————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：

虚拟语气在英语文法中有三种语气，即直述式语气(Indicative Mood)、祈使语气(Imperative Mood)和虚拟语气(Subjective Mood)，其中前两种我们早已熟悉了，这里则不多谈了，如：How beautiful she is! 则是直述式语气，而Hurry up! Don't hurry up 则是祈使语气。我们主要来看看虚拟语气的主要用法。虚拟语气主要是用来表达一种无法实现的愿望，一种与事实相反的情况，或者将不可能实现的，或可能性很小的事实，假想为事实予以表述。这样的动词结构称为虚拟语气。它主要有三种形式，即与现在事实相反的假设，与过去事实相反的假设，与将来事实相反的假设。它们具体结构如表８－７。虚拟语气的构成种类条件句结构主句结构与现在事实相反动词用过去式 be 动词用were Should/could＋动词原形 would/might＋动词原形与过去事实相反的用had＋过去分词 Should/could＋have＋过去分词 would/might＋have＋过去分词与将来事实相反动词用过去式 were to 加动词原形 should 加动词原形 should＋动词原形 would＋动词原形虚拟语气其他习惯用法简表种类功用句型例句虚拟语气表示主观愿望主句谓语宾语从句谓语动词I wish we could go to the seaside today. wish 现在过去式过去 had+过去分词 I wish I had gone to the basketball match. 将来 should+ 动词原形 would+ 动词原形 could+动词原形 might+动词原形 I wished I could fly to the moon. I wish you would stay here a little longer. would rather 现在过去式 I would rather you came to my party tomorrow. 表示虚拟状语从句从句动She looked after the orphan as if he

(完整)虚拟语气用法归纳,推荐文档

虚拟语气用法归纳虚拟语气主要指的的是带有非真实条件状语从句的复合句，表达的是说话人的遗憾后悔的语气，愿望以及建议，命令，要求等等的情感，往往说的是与事实相反或者没办法实现改变的东西。虚拟语气主要表现为在对过去现在或者将来的情况做出假设后，有可能出现的情况。虚拟语气的内容主要有三大模块，第一模块就是涉及到条件从句部分的内容。这一部分的虚拟语气主要体现在三个方面：基本用法，各自为政，以及含蓄之美。下表就是条件从句虚拟语气的基本用法：通常，在上面表格里反映的是非真实条件句的虚拟语气模式，从句和主句的谓语动词时间是一致的，如果两者时间不一致，此时就是混合型虚拟语气。混合型虚拟语气的使用要求“各自为政”，即从句和主句根据各自假设的时间不同，采用上面表格中对应的的谓语动词形式。如何“各自为政”呢？这就像是数学里的排列组合，一边有三种情况，交叉一搭配就出现了好多种情况。不管怎样，我们要遵循一个原则，就是“各自为政”。例如，从句是对过去情况的假设，而主句则是对现在情况的假设，那我们在使用时，从句就用过去完成式，而主句要用would/could do的形式。当然，也不是所有的AB配就是合理的，有时候在具体语境下，会出现矛盾的情况，这时我们就要结合要表达的意思来判断他们是对什么情况的假设，选择合适的形式。一般而言，主句的假设时间会发生在从句的假设时间之后。因为是有这么一个条件才会出现主句的现状。因此在此类的完成句子练习中，我们要特别提醒注意时间状语的暗示 1. If I had seen you, I would not be so worried now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 2. If you had not watched television so late last night, you would not be so sleepy now.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 3. If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad. (从句和主句都是现在的假设) 4. Had you followed the doctor’s suggestion, you would be fine now.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 5. If I had made some money last summer, I would go on holiday next month.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对将来的假设) 6. You didn’t let me drive. If we had driven in turns, you wouldn’t be so tired now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 7. If Jack hadn’t met Rose on his voyage, he would be alive now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 8. If Lily didn’t attend today’s party, she could not have the chance to work in the company next week. (从句是对现在的假设，主句是对将来的假设) 9. Had Father followed my travel plan , our family would not stay at home now. (从句是对

虚拟语气用法总结及详细解析

虚拟语气用法英语中的语气分为陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气、疑问语气和感叹语气五类。 1、表示动作或状态是客观存在的、确定的或符合事实的，用于陈述句、疑问句和某些感叹句中。 China is an Asian country. (肯定句) How interesting my stay in China has been! (感叹句) 2、祈使句表示说话人对对方的请求、警告，建议或命令。如: Please come over here. 请到这边来。 Watch your steps! 当心!(走路) 3、虚拟语气表示说话者做出的假设而非事实，或难以实现的情况，甚至表达彻底相反的概念。此外，如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气是由句中的谓语动词的特殊形式表示出来的。如: If I were a bird，I would be able to fly in the air. 如果我是一只小鸟，我就能在空中飞行。 I wish I could pass the examination. 我希望我能通过考试。

If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating. 如果下周日下大雪，我们就不能去滑冰了。 If she were to be here next Monday, I would tell her about the matter. 如果她下周一来这儿的话，我就会告诉她这件事的始末。 4、有时，虚拟条件句中，结果主句和条件从句的谓语动作若不是同时发生时，虚拟语气的形式应作相应的调整。这种条件句叫错综条件句。 ①从句的动作与过去事实相反，而主句的动作与现在或现在正在发生的事实不符。 If I had worked hard at school, I would be an engineer, too.如果我在学校学习刻苦的话，我现在也会成为一个工程师了 If they had informed us, we would not come here now. 如果他们通知过我们的话，我们现在就不会来这里了。 ②从句的动作与现在事实相反，而主句的动作与过去事实不符。 If he were free today, we would have sent him to Beijing. 如果他今天有空的话，我们会已经派他去北京了。 If he knew her, he would have greeted her. 要是他认识她的话，他肯定会去问候她了。 5、当虚拟条件句的谓语动词含有were, should, had时，if可以省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即把were, should, had等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。 Should he agree to go there, we would send him there.要是他答应去的话，我们就派他去。 Were she here, she would agree with us.如果她在这儿的话，她会同意我们的。 Had he learnt about computers, we would have hired him to work here. 如果他懂一些电脑知识的话，我们已经聘用他来这里工作了。【注意】若条件从句为否定句，否定词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were，should，had 等缩略成Weren't，Shouldn't，Hadn't而置于句首。 Had it not been for the bad weather we would have arrived on time. 若不是天气坏，我们就准时到达了。 ②有时省略if后提前的had不是助动词: Had I time，I would come. 假若我有时间，我会来的。(=If I had time…) 6、非真实条件句中的条件从句有时不表达出来，暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其他方式表示出来，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。 ①将条件会暗含在介词短语中，如without…, but for…,otherwise（要不是因为）等 But for his help, we would be working now. (要不是他的帮助，我们还会在工作呢。

虚拟语气用法归纳优选稿

虚拟语气用法归纳文件管理序列号：[K8UY-K9IO69-O6M243-OL889-F88688]

would/could do的形式。当然，也不是所有的AB配就是合理的，有时候在具体语境下，会出现矛盾的情况，这时我们就要结合要表达的意思来判断他们是对什么情况的假设，选择合适的形式。一般而言，主句的假设时间会发生在从句的假设时间之后。因为是有这么一个条件才会出现主句的现状。因此在此类的完成句子练习中，我们要特别提醒注意时间状语的暗示 1. If I had seen you, I would not be so worried now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 2. If you had not watched television so late last night, you would not be so sleepy now.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 3. If I were you, I would seize the chance to go abroad. (从句和主句都是现在的假设) 4. Had you followed the doctor’s suggestion, you would be fine now.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 5. If I had made some money last summer, I would go on holiday next month.( 从句是对过去的假设，主句是对将来的假设) 6. You didn’t let me drive. If we had driven in turns, you wouldn’t be so tired now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设) 7. If Jack hadn’t met Rose on his voyage, he would be alive now. (从句是对过去的假设，主句是对现在的假设)

高中英语语法-虚拟语气全总结

虚拟语气在非真实条件句中

①错综时间条件句: 当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为错综时间条件句，动词的形式要根据它表示的时间作出相应的调整。如： If you had followed my advice just now, you would be better now. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. ②if省略句在条件句中可以省略if, 把were, had, should提到句首，变成倒装句式。如：If I were at school again, I would study harder. →Were I at school again, I would study harder. 如果我还有上学的机会，我会更加努力学习。 If you had come earlier, you would catch the bus. →Had you come earlier, you would catch the bus. 如果你来得早点，你就能赶上公共汽车。 If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. →Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. 如果明天下雨的话，我们就不能登山去了。 ③用介词代替条件状语从句常用的介词有with, without, but for。如： What would you do with a million dollars? (=if you had a million dollars) 如果你有100万元，你会做什么？ We couldn?t have finished the work ahead of time without your help. (=if we

英语虚拟语气用法总结

英语虚拟语气用法总结 1、表示与现在事实相反的情况：从句：主语+过去时主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do eg： 1.If I were you,I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你,我会带把伞.(事实：我不可能是你) 2.If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你.(事实：不知道) 2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句：主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have done eg： 1. If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her.如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她. (事实：去晚了) 2.If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了.(事实：没有听我的话) 3、表示对将来情况的主观推测从句：主句 ①if+主语+were to do ：①主语+should/would/could/might+do ②if+主语+did/were ②主语+should/would/could/might+do ③if+主语+should+do ③主语+should/would/could/might+do eg： 1.If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.

虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句常见用法总结

虚拟语气中的含蓄条件句常见用法先看一道高考题： ___ more attention ，the trees could have grown better ． A．Given B．To give C．Giving D ．Having given (答案是A ) 句中" ．．．the trees could have grown better" 是一个表达虚拟语气的句子。题中要求选择的是如何表达假设条件的形式。如果我们把这个句子用另一种形式"If they had been given more attentio n ，the trees could have grown better ．" 来表示，就不难理解了。很多情况下，在表示假设的虚拟语气中，有时假设的条件并不以条件从句的形式表达，而是通过上下文或句中内在的逻辑关系，或用其它形式表达出来，我们称之为" 含蓄条件句" 。含蓄条件句主要通过名词、连接词、不定式、分词、动名词短语、介词短语及分句来暗示。这些表达形式在句中实际起着虚拟条件从句的作用。现分述如下：一、介词短语常用来表示虚拟条件的介词有with ，without ，in ，under ，but for 等等，它们表示的虚拟条件都可以被if 从句替换。 ( 1 ) without ，with without 表示否定的条件，意为if ．．．not ；with 与without 意义相反，表示肯定的条件。如： Without air , there would be no living things .(without air = if there were no air)没有空气，便没有生物。 With her help (= If I had her help )，I would do the experiment well ．假如有她帮助，我就可以把这个实验做好。 ( 2 ) under Under the leadership of a less experienced person ，the experiment would have failed ．( u nder ．．．= If there had been the leadership of a less experienced person )假设在一个缺少经验的人领导下进行实验，实验准会失败。 (3 ) in I would have lost my head in that position ．( in that position = if I had been in that po sition )我处在那种情况下，是会丧失理智的。 ( 4 ) but for

高中英语虚拟语气语法总结(推荐)

高中英语虚拟语气语法总结（名师剖析必考语法知识点，值得下载背诵）虚拟语气 1）概念虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。 2）在条件句中的应用条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。真实条件句真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生，其中if 是如果的意思。[来源学科网]时态关系句型：条件从句主句一般现在时shall/will + 动词原形 If he comes, he will bring his violin. 典型例题[来源:https://www.360docs.net/doc/0717778788.html,] The volleyball match will be put off if it ___. A.will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained 答案B。真实条件句主句为将来时，从句用一般现在时。注意： 1）在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示将来，该用shall, will. (错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it. (对) If you leave now, you will never regret it. 2）表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用一般现在时的动词形式。非真实条件句 1）时态：可以表示过去，现在和将来的情况。它的基本特点是时态退后。

a.同现在事实相反的假设。句型：条件从句主句一般过去时should( would) +动词原形 If they were here, they would help you. b.表示于过去事实相反的假设。句型：条件从句主句过去完成时should(would) have+ 过去分词 If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded. The rice would not have been burnt if you had been more careful. If my lawyer had been here last Saturday, he would have prevented me from going. If he had come yesterd ay, I should / would have told him about it. 含义：He did not come yesterday, so I did not tell him about it. If he had not been ill and missed many classes, he would have made greater progress.[来源学科网ZXXK]含义：He was ill and missed many lessons, so he did not make greater progress. c.表示对将来的假想句型：条件从句主句一般过去时should+ 动词原形 were+ 不定式would + 动词原形 should+ 动词原形 If you succeeded, everything would be all right. If you should succeed, everything would be all right. If you were to succeed, everything would be all right. 混合条件句主句与从句的动作发生在不同的时间，这时主，从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因时间不同而不同，这叫做混合条件句。 If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now. （从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反。） If it had rained last night (过去), it would be very cold today (现在). 虚拟条件句的倒装[来源:Z+xx+https://www.360docs.net/doc/0717778788.html,] 虚拟条件句的从句部分如果含有were, should, 或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should

高中英语虚拟语气用法小结

虚拟语气用法小结白杨林河南省社旗县第二高级中学虚拟语气表示说话人所说的事或话不是事实，而是一种假设，愿望，怀疑或推测。它主要用于条件从句，让步从句和名词性从句中。一、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法：虚拟语气常用在条件句中，表假设的情况与事实相反或不太可能实现，这种句子称为虚拟条件句。可分为下列几种情况：（一）由if引导虚拟条件句。如：If I were you,I should study hard.如:If you had come here,you could have met my brother.这种句子的谓语动词一般分三种情况： 1、假设的条件与现在的事实相反，主从句的谓语动词应为：If主+动词过去式或were…，主+would/should/could/might+V、（原形）（主句中should 一般只用于第1人称）。如：If it were not for the smowy weather ,we would be all right. 例1、If I you,I would go with him to the party. A、was B、were C、had been D、will be 析：该句为if引导的条件句，从主语谓语看“would go”（是与现在事实相反），套用上边句型，从句谓语应为动词过去式，若是be动词应为were，所以该题答案应为B。 2、假设的条件与过去事实相反，其句子结构应为：If+主+had done…，主+would/could/should/mi ght+have done… 例2、 more careful,his ship would not have sunk. A、If the captain were B、Had the captain been C、Should the captain be D、If the captain would have been 析：该题题干部分有一谓语动词为would not have sunk，由此可知是对过去事情的虚拟，便可推出从句的谓语动词应为had done形式，再看选项，

英语虚拟语气语法总结

英语虚拟语气语法总结虚拟语气(Subjunctive Mood)这一语法项目是各类英语考试中心测试的重点之一。虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式，用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。 Ⅰ用以表示虚拟条件的虚拟语气 ⒈用if条件从句表示的虚拟条件，是虚拟条件最普通的方式。 ①虚拟现在时表示与现在事实相反的假设，其if 从句的谓语形式用动词的过去式(be 一般用were)，主句用would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形，例如：If I were in your position I would marry her. ②虚拟过去时是表示与过去事实相反的假设，if 从句的谓语形式用过去完成时即had＋过去分词，主句用would / should / could / might + have +过去分词，例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis. ③大多数的虚拟条件句属于上面三种情况的一种，但并不排除存在条件和后果中，一个和现在情况相反，另一个和过去情况相反，例如：If you had followed what the doctor said, you would not have been so painful now.这个句子在高中出现频率颇高。 ④但是，如果后果用了虚拟语气，而条件却用陈述语气，这种用法是错的。 ⒉除了表示虚假条件外，if从句还可以表示对将来的推测，由于是将来还没有发生的，所以谈不上是真实的还是虚假的，只能说这个事情发生的可能性有多大。一般情况下，可以用陈述语气的if从句来表示对一个未来事实的推测，这个事实是完全可能发生的。If从句的谓语形式用一般过去式或用were to / should +动词原形，主句用would / should /could/ might +动词原形，例如：Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she were to get a job she probably wouldn't be able to see her friends very often.（1996年1月四级第44题） ⒊有时可以把含有助动词、情态动词、be或have的虚拟条件句中的连词if 省去，而将had , should, were 等词提到主语之前，即用倒装结构,这时候，如果出现not等否定词，否定词需放在主语后面。这种结构在口语中很少使用，但频频出现在各类考试中出现，例如：If it had not rained so hard yesterday we could have played tennis.→Had it not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis. ⒋大多数的虚拟条件通过上面所讲的两种方法表达，但在个别句子中也可以通过介词without和介词短语but for表达，副词otherwise等表达出来。例如：We didn't know his telephone number; otherwise we would have telephoned him.（1995年6月四级第46题）值得注意的是，包含but for的句子，谓语动词必定要用虚拟形式，但包含without等短语的句子，谓语动词未必一定要用虚拟语气。 ⒌有时虚拟条件不是明确地表达出来，而在蕴含在用but引导的从句里，于是便出现了有谓语动词是虚拟语气的主句加上谓语动词是陈述语气的but从句构成的并列复合句，例如I would have hung you but the telephone was out of order.在这样的句子里，如果主句没有用虚拟语气，或者从句用了虚拟语气，都是错的。 Ⅱ用在宾语从句中的虚拟语气 ⒈在表示愿望的动词wish后的宾语从句中，需用虚拟语气。（wish后的that 常省略），根据主句时态，从句谓语时态相应退后一位，例如：How she wished his family could go with him. ⒉在具有愿望、请求、建议、命令等主观意愿的动词(desire, demand, advice, insist, require, suggest, propose, order, recommend, decide …) 后的宾语从句中需用虚拟语气。谓语动词用(should) +动词原形。值得注意的是，如果宾语从句的动词是否定的，否定词not的位置应在动词之前，而不是动词之后。例如：The head nurse insisted that the patient not be move.另外，如suggest表达“暗示”，insist表示“坚持某种说法”时，后面的从句不用虚拟语气，例如：Her pale face suggests that she is ill.或He insisted that he did not kill the boy.

虚拟语气的基本用法归纳

虚拟语气的基本用法归纳今天我们从以下几个方面来掌握虚拟语气的基本用法。一、虚拟语气的使用范围：虚拟语气用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实，而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。该语法主要用于if 条件状语从句中，也可用于主语从句、表语从句和宾语从句等。二、虚拟语气的判断： 1. if 条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断。if 条件状语从句有真实条件句和非真实条件句。假设条件可以实现的句子为真实条件句，反之为非真实条件句，要用虚拟语气。其形式分为以下三种： (1) 与过去事实相反的假设。结构为：从句的谓语动词用“had + 过去分词”，主句用“should (would, could, might) + have + 过去分词”。例如： If it had not rained so hard yesterday, we could have played tennis. 如果昨天没有下大雨，我们就能玩网球了。(2) 与现在事实相反的假设。结构为：从句的谓语动词用过去式，系动词用were，主句的谓语用“should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。例如： If I were in your position, I would marry her. 如果我是你，我就娶她为妻。

(3) 与将来事实相反的假设。结构为：从句的谓语动词用“should (were to) + 动词原形”，主句用“should (would, could, might) + 动词原形”。例如： If you should miss the chance, you would feel sorry for it. 如果你错过了这次机会，你会难过的。 2. 宾语从句中的虚拟语气。 (1) wish后接宾语从句中的虚拟语气：根据从句的意义来判断。 A: 表示与现在和将来事实相反的愿望，从句谓语动词用过去时态。例如： I wish they were not so late. 要是他们来得不是这么晚就好了。 B: 表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句谓语动词用过去完成时态。例如： I wished he hadn't done that. 我真希望那件事不是他做的。 (2) 表示“要求、建议、命令”等动词后面的宾语从句中的虚拟语气。用于此结构的动词有：advise, direct, agree, ask, demand, decide, desire, insist, order, prefer, propose, request, suggest等。从句的谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”，其中should 可以省去。例如： I insisted that he (should) go with us. 我坚持让他和我们一