2016年专四语法题

There are twenty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four options marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the sentence or answers the question. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET TWO

11. How can I concentrate if you _____continually _____me with silly questions?

[A] have…interrupted [B] are. ..interrupted [C] had …interrupting [ D] were... interrupting

12. Among the four sentences below, Sentence _____expresses the highest degree of possibility.

[A] It may take a long time to find a solution to the problem

[B] It might take a long time to find a solution to the problem

[C] It could take a long time to find a solution to the problem

[D] It should take a long time to find a solution to the problem

13. She is a better speaker than _____ in the class

[A] any boy [B] the other boys [C] other any girl [D]all the girls

14. Nobody heard him sing, _____?

[A] did one [B] did he [C] didn't they [D] did they

15. I can't put up with _____.

[A] that friend [B] that friend of yours

[ C] the friend of you [D] the friend of yours

16. There has been an increasing number of _____ in primary schools in the past few years.

[A] man teacher [B] men teacher

[C] man teachers [D] men teachers

17. This is one of the issues that deserve _____.

[A] being mentioned [B] mentioning

[C] to mention [D] for mention

18. The audience _____ excited on seeing _____favorite star glide onto the stage.

[A] were… their [B] were. ..its

[C] was... their [D] was....one’s

19. _____ your advice, I would have made the wrong decision.

[A] Hadn't it been for [B] Had it not been for

[ C] Had it been for [D] Had not it been for

20. The sentence I wish I had been more careful in spending money expresses the speakers_____.

[A] hope [B] joy [C] regret [D] relief

21. The Attorney General ordered a federal autopsy of Browns body, seeking to _____ the family and community there would be a thorough investigation into his death.

[A] ensure [ B] insure [C] assure [D] ascertain

22. The police department came under strong criticism for both the death of an unarmed man and its handling of the _____.

[A] consequence [B] outcome [C] result [D] aftermath

23. The Foreign Secretary tried to _____ doubts about his handling of the crisis.

[A] dispel [IB]expel [C] repel [D] quell

24. Mutual funds are thus best for investors who don't want to take the time to study stocks in detail or who_____ the resources to build a portfolio.

[ A] deprive [B] lack yearn [D] attain

25. Chris ran ____ John at a sporting-goods trade show and the two quickly struck _____ easy rapport.

[A] into...up [B] on... into [C] across… on [D] against. ..into

26. "I am leaving the country soon, "he told a _____ convened group of reporters.

[A] especially [B] particular [C] specially [ D] specifically

27. Israel and Hamas had reached a deal on extending the _____ ceasefire by an extra 24 hours until Tuesday at midnight

[A] contemporary [B] makeshift IC] spontaneous [D] temporary

28. _____ to unplugging the alarm clock and trusting your ability to wake on time on your own, you should probably ease yourself into the new

arrangement by keeping a very regular schedule for several weeks.

[A] Due [B] Prior [C] Related [D] Thanks

29. If you are an athlete, strong abdominal muscles help you ensure a strong back and freedom from injury during _____ upper-body movement.

[A] valiant [B] variable [ C] vigilant [D] vigorous

30. Finning is a cruel _____ in which the shark s fins are lopped off, and the live shark is thrown back to sea.

[ A] reality [B] truth [C] practice [D] skill

参考答案及解释：

11．［A］译文：如果你不停地用一些愚的问题来打扰我，我怎么能集中注意力呢？

时态题。本句中，continuallyー词表明interrupt这一动作重复进行。表示不断重复的动作可以用现在进行时或现在完成时。现在进行时用于少数瞬间动词，可表示不断重复的动作；现在完成时常可表示过去重复的动作，常与always，often，many times等状语连用。结合本句句意可知，“打扰”这一动作持续了一段时间，在过去重复进行，并且对现在造成影响，符合现在完成时的用法，故本题答案为［A］。选项［B］语态不对，选项［C］时态不对，均可排除；本句只是陈述事实，不涉及虚拟语气，若选［D］，则主从句时态不一致，排除［D］。

12．［D］译文：下面四个句子中，第_____句表示的可能性最大。

情态动词题。情态动词中，除了need和dare以外，其他情态动词都可以表示可能性，不过它们表示可能性的程度不同，按照从弱到强、从或然性到必然性排列依次是：might，may，could，can，should，ought to，would，must，因此［D］为答案。

13．［A］译文：与班上的任何一个男孩相比，她都是一位更为出色的演讲者。

限定词用法题。根据题干和选项可知，题干中的she要么是与班上其余女孩进行比较，要么是与班上所有男孩进行比较。指在同一范围内除了某人或某物以外的所有其余的人或事物，用the other＋复数名词”；［B］中的boys改为girlsオ是同一范围，因此排除［B］；指在同一范围内除了某人或某物以外的任何一个人或事物，用any other＋单数名词”或者” any of the other＋复数名词”，如：Shanghai is larger than any other city in China故排除［C］和［D］；相比较的两者不在同一范围或不属于同一类别时，则不用other，如：Shanghai is larger than any city in India．此时any与单数可数名词搭配，则相当于every，表示全体中的“任何一个”，因此［A］为答案。

14．［D］译文：没有人听见他唱歌，是吗？

反意疑问句题。反意疑问句由两部分组成：前一部分是一个陈述句，后一部分是一个简短的疑问句，两部分的人称和时态应保持一致。疑问句的主语和陈述部分的主语保持一致，都用主格形式，当陈述部分的主语是one时，后面的疑问句才用one（或者he），故排除［A］；

反意疑问句主要有两种形式：陈述部分肯定式＋疑问部分否定式（前肯后否）；陈述部分否定式＋疑问部分肯定式（前否后肯），题干中陈述部分的主语nobody为否定词，因此疑问部分应该用肯定式，故排除［C］：当陈述部分的主语是somebody，someone，everybody，everyone，nobody等不定代词时，其疑问部分的主语用they，因此［D］为答案，同时排除［B］。

15．［B］译文：我无法忍受你的那位朋友。

限定词用法题。名词性物主代词修饰名词时，不可与a，an，this，that 等词一起前置，必须使用双重所有格（即of＋名词性物主代词）作定语放在名词后面，其构成形式为：a/an／this／that＋名词＋of＋名词性物主代词，因此［B］为答案。这类结构中，名词前一般不用the，排除［D］。

16．［D］译文：在过去几年里，小学的男教师越来越多。

名词用法题。“ a number of＋复数名词”，意为“大量……许多…”，故排除［A］和［B］；名词修饰名词时，一般情况下，不论被修饰的名词是单数还是复数，作定语用的名词一律用单数形式，但由man 或woman作定语修饰名词时，其单复数形式由它后面的名词来决定，后面的名词是单数时，man或woman用单数形式；后面的名词是复数时，则用复数形式，因此［D］为答案。

17．［B］译文：这是值得提到的问題之ー。

非谓语动词题。deserve意为“应得，值得”，其后接不定式，若后面所接的动词表示主动意义，则用不定式的主动式to do；若后面所

接的动词表示被动意义，则用不定式的被动式to be done或者动名词doing （即用主动形式表示被动意义）。类似的动词还有need，want 和require等。题干中that引导的定语从句修饰先行词Issues，作从句主语，根据句意，“问题”应该是“值得被提到”，所以［B］为答案，即mentioning主动形式表示被动意义。

18．［A］译文：看到他们最喜爱的明星走上舞台，观众们兴奋不已。主谓一致題。本题考査的是集体名词作主语时的主谓一致问题。audience 属于集体名词，形式为单数，但意义有单、复数之分：若强调整体，表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数；若强调其个体成员，表示复数意义，谓语动词则用复数。在使用这类集体名词时应特别注意的是，在一个句子中前后意义不可自相矛盾，即集体名词用作单数时，除了接单数动词外，相应的人称代词或补足语也要用单数，反之则用复数，因此［A］为答案。

19．［B］译文：要不是你的建议，我就做出了错误的决定。

虚拟语气题。在if引导的虚拟条件句中，句型if it hadn’t been for表示与过去的事实相反，意为“要不是，若非”，根据句意，排除［C］；当虚拟条件句的从句部分含有were，should或had时，可省略if，把were，should或had挪至从句句首，构成倒装结构。若从句为否定句，否定词not应置于主语之后，而不能与were，should或had 等缩略成Weren’t，Shouldn’t或Hadn’t置于句首，因此［B］为答案。

20．［C］译文：句子“ I wish I had been more careful in spending money”

表达了说话人的_____.

虚拟语气题。动词wish后接宾语从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气。若表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用一般过去时或过去进行时；若对过去发生的事情表示遗憾或后悔，从句谓语用过去完成时或would／could have done；若对将来发生的事情表示祝愿或愿望时，从句谓语用would／could do。题干中wish之后的宾语从句是过去完成时，并且句意也表明说话人对自己之前乱花钱感到非常后悔，因此［C］为答案。

21．［C］译文：司法部长命令联邦调查局对布朗的遺体进行尸检，力图让其家人及社区确信会对其死亡事件进行彻底调查。

动词辦析题。［A］ensure意为“保证，确保”，即确保某事发生（to make sure that sth. happens），其后往往不跟间接宾语sb．，常用结构为：①ensure sth．；2 ensure＋that－clause；③ensure＋宾语＋宾语补足语：［B］insure意为“投保”，与題意不符：［C］assure意为“向…保证，使……确信”，即向某人保证某事将要发生，既可以用来确证某事，也可以表示使某人确信，assure的宾语通常是人或人称代词，其后不能直接跟that－clause，常用结构为：①assure sb.＋that－clause：②assure sb．of sth．；［D］ascertain意为“确定，查明”，通常指意识到了自己的无知之后通过有意识的努力来弄清真相或找出事实，与題意不符。题干中，the family and community为间接宾语，there would be a thorough investigation into his death为省略了that 的从句，作直接宾语，因此［C］为答案。

22．［D］译文：警察部门因一位手无寸铁的男子死亡及其对善后工作的处理而受到强烈谴责。

名词辨析题。［A］consequence意为“结果；后果”，多指随某一事件引起的，必然或自然的不良结果，但也可用于表示某抽象概念的结果，此时可与result互换：［B］outcome意为“结果，结局”，指预先不知道的结果或结局：［C］result意为“结果”，普通用词，含义广泛，指做某事产生的直接结果，或指某抽象概念的结果；［D］aftermath 意为“后果，余波”，指发生天灾人祸之后随之而来的不良的，甚至更严重的后果或余波，如：deal with the aftermath of the traffic accident （处理这次交通事故的善后工作）。根据句意，警察部门饱受谴责并非是因为其对男子死亡事件结果的处理，而是对该事件后续工作的处理，因此［D］为答案。

23．［A］译文：外交部长试图消除人们对他处理危机的质疑。

动词辨析题。［A］dispel意为“消除”，即to make sth．，especially a feeling or belief，go away or disappear，原指一物使另一物分散消失，从“驱散”引申出“消除”疑虑、恐惧、误会等，根据句意，［A］为答案。［B］expel意为“驱逐；开除”，与题意不符：［C］repel意为”抵制；使……厌恶”，与题意不符：［D］quell 意为“制止；平息；镇压”，即to end a situation in which people are behaving violently or protesting，especially by using force，虽然quell也有“消除”之意，但一般用在文学中，且结合本题句意和搭配可知，quell不如dispel合适，故排除。24．［B］译文：因此，共同基金最适合那些不想花时间仔细研究股

票或者缺乏创建投资组合资源的投资者们。

动词辨析题。［A］deprive意为“使…丧失，剩夺”，常用结构为deprive sb．of sth．；［B ］lack 意为“缺乏”；［C］yearn意为“渴望”，常用结构为yearn for sth．／sb．或yearn to do sth．；［D］attain意为“得到，获得”。该句中，or连接了两个定语从句，or连接并列结构时，前后两个成分必须一致，第一个定语从句为否定句，第二个定语从句也应表示否定含义，故根据句意，B］为答案。

25．［A］译文：克里斯在一次体育用品贸易展上偶然通见了约输，两人很快就建立了融洽的关系。

词组辨析题。run into意为“偶然遇见；撞上＂，strike up意为”建立（友谊，关系等）；开始演奏（乐曲）”；run on意为“持续（超出预定的时间）”，strike into意为“突然进入；突然开始”；run across 意为“偶然遇见；跑着穿过”，strike on意为“发现；想出”；run against 意为“偶然遇见；与……相撞”。根据句意，［A］为答案。26．［C］译文：他告诉专门被召集的一群记者：“我很快就会离开这个国家。”

［A］especially意为“尤其，特别是”，相当于in particular，副词辦析题。

表示某事物在意义、程度、重要性上超过其他事物，突出到“特别地”的程度，通常用来对前面所述的事件进行进步说明或补充，多用于正式文体：［B］particularly意为“特别地”，往往着重说明与同类事物不同的个别事物；［C］specially意为“特意地，专门地”，相当于on purpose，表示为了某一特定目的而“特意”或“专门”采用某一方式做某

事：［D］specifically意为“明确地，具体地”，相当于in detail，给出详细的信息。根据句意，［C］为答案。

27．［D］译文：以色列和哈马斯已经达成协议，临时停火延长24小时，至周二午夜为止。

形容词辦析题。［A］contemporary意为“当代的，同时代的”：［B］makeshift意为“临时替代的，权宜的”，如：They made a makeshift table from boxes．（他们把箱子做成一张临时用的桌子。）［C］spontaneous 意为”自发的，自然的”；［D］temporary意为”临时的，暂时的”，即lasting or tended to last only for a short time，如：temporary work（临时工作）。根据句意，［D］为答案。

28．［B］译文：在关掉闹钟并相信自己能准时来之前，你或许应该通过遵循数周有规律的作息表来让自己逐步适应新的安排。

词组辦析题。due to意为“由于”，引导原因状语；prior to意为”在……之前”，引导时间状语；related to意为“与…有关”，引导伴随状语；thanks to意为“由于，幸亏”，引导原因状语。根据句意，［B］为答案。29．［D］译文：如果你是一名运动员，在剧烈的上丰身运动中强壮的腹肌有助于确保你拥有结实的后背并免于受伤。

形容词辦析题。［A］valiant意为“英勇的，勇敢的”；［B］variable 意为”多变的，易变的”＂；［C］vigilant意为”“警惕的，警醒的”；［D］vigorous意为“强有力的（运动、活动）；精力充沛的（人）”。根据句意，［D］为答案。

30．［C］译文：猎取鱼鳍是一种残忍的做法一一将鲨鱼的鱼鳍割下

后再把还活着的鲨鱼扔回大海。

名词辦析题。［A］reality用作可数名词时，意为“事实；实际经历”；［B］I truth用作可数名词；［C］practice 常规；惯例，做法；实践；

[D]skill 技能

专四语法练习题2

1. I suppose you must have made the mistake, __ A. haven’t you B. mustn’t you C. didn’t you D. hadn’t you 2. Our manager said he would __ take part in such dishonest business deals. A. soon resign as mush B. as sooner resign as C. sooner resign than D. as sooner resign than 3. –“Would you like to come to my birthday party tomorrow” --“I’m __ glad to come.” A. only too B. too C. only D. too only 4.” Does anybody want an extra ticket to go to the movies”“Whom would you rather__ with you, Gorge or me” A.going B. go C. have go D. to go 5. With the development of science and technology, doctors have __ possible many recent developments in surgery. A. made B. made it C. been made D. become 6. The project requires more capital than __. A. has been put in B. being put in C. have been put in D. to be put in 7. Intellect is to the mind __ sunshine is to the plant. A. as B. what C. that D. like 8. Fat can’t change into water __ changes into fat.

英语专业四级考试词汇语法真题及解析

2016年英语专业四级考试词汇语法真题参考答案与解析 11. How can I concentrate if you _________ continually ______ me with silly questions? A. have… interrupted B. are… interrupted C. had… interrupting D. were… interrupting 选A。虽然我觉得更应该说you are continually interrupting me with silly questions。不过这里用现在完成时表示的是一个动作发生过成为过去经历，有可能多次发生，也就是打断一次、两次、三次等等不断重复到现在。 12. Among the four sentences below, Sentence ___ expresses the highest degree of possibility? A. It may take a long time to find a solution to the problem. B. It might take a long time to find a solution to the problem. C. It could take a long time to find a solution to the problem. D. It should take a long time to find a solution to the problem. 选D。四个里把握度最高的是should，其次是may，最后是might和could。 13. She is a better speaker than _____ in the class. A. any boy B. the other boys C. other any girl D. all the girls 选A。主语是she，女的，所以不能选B。C的正确说法是any other girl。 14. Nobody heard him sing, ______? A. did one B. did he C. didn’t they D. did they 选B。根据专四语法出题依据的书《新编英语语法教程》（章振邦）317页，nobody这种附加疑问句，书面语里用he。口语里偶见they。实际上，现代英语里为了避免有语言歧视（为什么只有he，没有she），很多人都避免只用he，而多改为they。 15. I can’t put up with ________. A. that friend of you B. that friend of yours C. the friend of you D. the friend of yours 选B。根据专四语法出题依据的书《新编英语语法教程》（章振邦）57-58页，这种双重属格结构所修饰的名词可带a, any, some等表示非确定特指的限定词，但通常不带定冠词。比如a daughter of Mrs. Green’s, any/some daughters of Mrs/ Green’s。 16. There has been an increasing number of _______ in primary schools in the past few years. A. man teacher B. men teacher C. man teachers D. men teachers 选D。合成名词复数，man/woman这种，两种都要变成复数，比如women drivers。

专四词汇语法突击3(附答案详解)

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